Central Eastern Europe Research Articles

Powiązanie religijności z wyborami politycznymi suwerena w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej na przykładzie Polski w latach 2007-2015 w świetle globalnych badań nad stosunkami międzynarodowymi (Global IR)

Central-Eastern European (CEE) historical and cultural experiences can constitute an important contribution to the Global IR. Religion plays a special role here (we discuss the phenomena of “ethnicization of religion” and “sacralization of ethnicity”), which still does not find an adequate place in Western IR. Using data provided by the Institute of Catholic Church Statistics and the National Electoral Commission, we analyze the connections between Poles’ religiosity and voting in the Sejm elections from 2007 to 2015. We use cartographic and statistical methods for this purpose. As a result, there is a visible strengthening of political polarization in Poland, based largely on viewpoint issues, especially those related to the approach to religion. Therefore: 1. religion still “matters” for IR because it significantly influences political choices, especially in CEE, including Poland; 2. the concept of Global IR should be expanded to include research on religion, as it remains a relevant factor for this concept – it contributes significantly to “non-Western” theorizing on IR, e.g., in the CEE region; 3. perhaps the postsecular approach to studying international reality developed within Western IR could find its application in the concept of Global IR, which has a great chance of contributing to the dissemination of a new, postsecular identity of the discipline. It is worth using multidisciplinary research, as demonstrated in this article.

Dynamic processes determine precipitation variability in Eastern Central Europe since the Last Glacial Maximum

The response of European precipitation variability to climate change is still poorly understood. Here we present a high-resolution speleothem record of Eastern Central European (ECE) autumn/winter precipitation to study decadal to centennial hydroclimatic variations in the European-Atlantic sector since the Last Glacial Maximum. The Cloşani Cave δ18O record shows that the reorganization of the North Atlantic jet following the demise of the Northern Hemispheric ice sheets lasted until c. 6000 to 5000 years before present. Trace element-derived semi-quantitative autumn/winter precipitation amount reveals that the late Glacial and the early to mid-Holocene experienced about 20–30% higher precipitation than present. During the deglaciation, we detect an increased decadal to centennial precipitation variability decoupled from millennial-scale North Atlantic temperature changes. The findings suggest that dynamic (rather than thermodynamic) processes determine regional precipitation variability and the probability of extreme precipitation events in ECE, highlighting the importance of understanding such dynamics for future predictions.

Economic Cooperation and Development Strategies in New Energy Technology Between China and Central and Eastern European Countries in the 21st Century

Abstract: In the 21st century, the economic cooperation in new energy technologies between China and Central Eastern European countries is becoming more and more important. China, being the worlds largest energy consumer and a significant investor in sustainable energy, plays a pivotal role in this global transformation. This paper will study about the current state of this cooperation, existing challenges and opportunities. It will also talk about the development strategies for strengthening collaboration. The case study will be focused a successful program between China and Poland, highlighting the factors that contributed to its achievements. On the contrary, the failed project between China and Romania is also examined to understand the experiences and lessons. The paper aims to offer ideas and advices on improving economic and technological cooperation in the new energy sector. By highlighting the key experiences, fully showing the potential of the partnership between China and Central Eastern European countries in developing sustainable energy in the future.

Racial Capitalism in an Ethnic Minority Border Region

Abstract In the social, historical, and political context of Xi Jinping’s China, particular forms of racialization and racial capitalism have emerged in Altay Prefecture, the homeland of ethnic Kazakhs on China’s northwest border. This study examines the husbandry industry in Altay Prefecture to elucidate how Xi’s China has built a mode of racial capitalism through the management of Kazakh land, ethnicity, and culture. Within the framework of a case study, I employ document collection and participant observation methods to gather data that are then interpreted through critical policy analysis. The research shows that Kazakhs have been racialized based on their mobile pastoral traditions, enslaved in the “debt economy,” and exploited through husbandry policies and programs. The particular ways in which husbandry has been restructured and assimilated into Chinese industrial production chains exploit and reproduce the Kazakh-Han hierarchy and segregation. This close look at racial capitalism in Altay sheds light on the operations of Xi’s ecological civilization and war on poverty policies in an ethnic minority border region and discusses how they align with the broader geopolitics of the Belt and Road Initiative in Central Asia and Eastern Europe.

Human Capital in the EU Member States from Central-Eastern Europe Region: Labour Market Context in 2022

Human Capital in the EU Member States from Central-Eastern Europe Region: Labour Market Context in 2022

Mapping Mobile Journalism in Academia: A Scoping Review

Abstract: Mobile journalism (MoJo) has become an increasingly relevant topic in the evolving landscape of media. This study investigates the interest and involvement of researchers from higher education institutions in Central and Eastern Europe in the field of Mobile Journalism. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the research analyzes the scientific output of these scholars over the past decade (2014–2024), focusing on the frequency of publications indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases related to MoJo. Additionally, a qualitative analysis was conducted on 28 identified articles to explore the main thematic areas addressed by these scholars, offering a comprehensive overview of key topics and trends in the academic literature surrounding MoJo. The findings corroborate the hypothesis that there is a notable lack of published research on mobile journalism by Central and Eastern European scholars, as no relevant articles were discovered from authors affiliated with universities in this region. The thematic categories identified highlight a tendency to focus on the impact of technology on journalism and changes within the industry, indicating significant gaps in other important areas that warrant further exploration. Keywords: mobile journalism, mojo, scoping review, Central Eastern Europe.

Semmelweis University’s innovative Center of Preventive Services in support of healthy ageing

Abstract Issue/problem Europe’s aging population presents substantial hurdles for healthcare sustainability. To alleviate the social and economic impacts of age-related diseases, promoting healthy aging is imperative. However, motivating individuals to adopt a healthier lifestyle proves challenging. Description of the problem Semmelweis University, a leading institution in medicine, health sciences, and health care in Hungary and Central Eastern Europe, has addressed this challenge by establishing the Center of Preventive Services (CPS), serving 12,500 Semmelweis University employees. The CPS conducts comprehensive health risk assessments and offers consultations with specialists in preventive medicine, public health, dietetics, physiotherapy, and health psychology. Motivational interviewing is used to enhance patient engagement and commitment to healthy lifestyle changes. Results The CPS has effectively integrated preventive services into the university’s healthcare system, reaching a significant number of employees. Early results show improvements in participants’ lifestyle and health behaviors due to the effective use of motivational interviewing. According to the first preliminary result, a study on step count conducted within the CPS found that those taking part in motivational interviewing session were able to increase their average daily step count by 1074 (95% Confidence Interval: 116-2033) steps more than controls. Lessons The Semmelweis University’s CPS provides valuable lessons for integrating healthy aging-focused preventive care into healthcare systems: 1. Effective preventive care requires targeted interventions based on detailed risk assessment and motivational interviewing; 2. Embedding preventive services within existing health infrastructure improves accessibility and utilization; 3. Collaborative and multidisciplinary approaches are essential to comprehensively address the needs of ageing populations. Key messages • Motivational interviewing boosts the effectiveness and engagement of preventive health services, which is essential to meet the challenges of ageing populations. • The Semmelweis University’s model program shows that embedding preventive services into the infrastructure of existing institutions like universities is scalable for better public health.

‘Hungarian Factor’ in Central and Eastern European Politics of France (Spring — Summer 1920)

This article examines the role and significance of the “Hungarian factor” in the central and eastern European political landscape of France during the period from April to August 1920. The novelty of this research lies in its analysis not only of the bilateral Franco-Hungarian interactions but also of how Paris’s perceptions of Hungary’s place in Europe were intertwined with other vectors of the Third Republic’s foreign policy. The study utilizes published French diplomatic documents, the diary of General Edmond Buat, Chief of Staff of the French Army, and select reports from General Artus de la Panouse, the French military attaché in the United Kingdom. The author concludes that the “Hungarian factor” influenced the central and eastern European policy of the Third Republic in a contradictory manner. It is demonstrated that France’s view of Hungary as a defeated nation served Paris’s objectives of affirming its status as a victorious power, consolidating a belt of friendly states in Central-Eastern Europe, and expanding its financial and economic presence. At the same time, it is emphasized that Hungary was not perceived as a direct threat to the interests of the Third Republic; rather, in the context of the Red Army’s advance westward, it could potentially be integrated into an anti-Soviet coalition.

Burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to metabolic risks in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.

To evaluate the global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden attributable to metabolic risks in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. Following the methodologies used in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, this study analyzed CVD deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to metabolic risks by location, age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI). In 2021, metabolic risks accounted for 13.59 million CVD deaths (95% UI 12.01 to 15.13) and 287.17 million CVD DALYs (95% UI 254.92 to 316.32) globally, marking increases of 63.3% and 55.5% since 1990, respectively. Despite these increases, age-standardised mortality and DALY rates have significantly declined. The highest age-standardised rates of metabolic risks-attributable CVD mortality and DALYs were observed in Central Asia and Eastern Europe, while the lowest rates were found in High-income Asia Pacific, Australasia, and Western Europe, all of which are high SDI regions. Among the metabolic risks, high systolic blood pressure emerged as the predominant factor, contributing to the highest numbers of CVD deaths [10.38 million (95% UI 8.78 to 12.03)] and DALYs [14.52 million (95% UI 180.42 to 247.57)] in 2021, followed by high LDL cholesterol. Our study highlights the persistent and significant impact of metabolic risks on the global CVD burden from 1990 to 2021, emphasizing the need of designing public health strategies that align with regional healthcare capacities and demographic differences to effectively reduce these effects through enhanced international collaboration and specific policies.

Is there a place for ‘community’? Transnational governance, post-socialist authoritarianism, and deinstitutionalization in a child protection NGO in Hungary

With a focus on processes of community building from above and deinstitutionalization, the paper explores how concepts of transnational policymaking become localized in particular societal contexts. Specifically, through a case of recent transformations in a child-protection NGO in Hungary, it inquires into professional discourses of ‘deinstitutionalization’ and ‘community-based care’ in the context of post-socialist authoritarianism. The analysis exposes how financial scarcity pressured the management of the NGO to redefine family-community-institution boundaries, to legitimize the downsizing of services and staff, and to reassign childcare duties to less-paid and less-recognized positions. Austerity measures disguised as emancipatory processes of deinstitutionalization have already been described in numerous European contexts. To nuance this picture, we show how discourses of the East-West slope of modernization emerging in Central-Eastern Europe, and recent discourses of familisation and carefare dominating pubic policies in Hungary enhance such discursive shifts. Through our case study we draw attention to the role of professional and political discourses, transnational and national, in reinforcing restricted imaginaries of care. We also formulate the call for empirical analyses on how the caring for children unfold into hybrid – state and civic dominated - contexts, in practice, beyond simplistic and essentialising ideological categorisations of ‘family’, ‘community’ and ‘institution’.

Central-Eastern Europe as a centre of Middle Ages extractive metallurgy

Central-eastern to southeastern Europe, from Bohemia to Greece is home to some of the richest ore deposits on earth, with archaeological evidence suggesting a long history of metal use. However, the exact timing and extent of past metal processing activities remains unclear. The Middle Ages and Early Modern period (c. 500–1800 common era (CE)) in Europe, saw the expansion of metal use at an unprecedented scale, continent-wide. Here we analysed rates of past atmospheric lead (Pb) deposition in six peat bogs from Romania, Serbia and Greece. We show that after 1000 CE, the redevelopment of central European mining industry was synchronous with Pb pollution in southeastern Europe, with the onset of metal pollution occurring in the area prior to central Europe. Therefore, southeastern Europe may have led regional mining developments, with technological advances rapidly shifting from east to west through the Middle Ages. This indicates how southeastern Europe should be included in future discussions of Middle Age metallurgy not simply as a contributor, but at times as a leader in metal production.

Global, regional, and national burden of major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorder attributed to childhood sexual abuse in 204 countries and territories, 1999–2019: An analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019

AimThis study aims to elucidate the impact of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on major depressive disorder (MDD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) globally, regionally, and nationally, informing targeted public health interventions and policy. MethodsUsing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019, we assessed the impact of CSA on MDD and AUD, analyzing disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per 100,000 population. Our analysis included age, sex, geographic locations, temporal trends in age-standardized rates (ASR), and examined the relationship between the social development index (SDI) and the burden of these disorders. ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the global ASR for MDD attributable to CSA increased by 1.9 %, while AUD decreased by 17.1 %. Significant gender disparities emerged, with females showing higher ASRs for MDD and males for AUD. The highest burden was observed in the 35–44 age group. Geographical analysis revealed the highest ASRs for MDD in Sub-Saharan Africa and for AUD in Eastern Europe, Central Europe, and High-income North America. A U-shaped relationship between SDI and disorder burdens was also identified. ConclusionsOur findings indicate a slight increase in MDD and a significant decrease in AUD burdens globally due to CSA, underscoring the need for targeted interventions considering gender, geographical, and developmental differences. This calls for strategies tailored to each country's unique development, culture, and regional specifics.

Coalition Politics in Central Eastern Europe. Governing in Times of Crisis

Antologien Coalition Politics in Central Eastern Europe. Governing in Times of Crisis handlar som tittelen seier om koalisjonsregjeringar i Sentral- og Aust-Europa, her definert som dei ti post-kommunistiske landa som vart medlem av den Europeiske Unionen (EU) i 2004 og 2007: Estland, Latvia, Litauen, Polen, Tsjekkia, Slovakia, Ungarn, Slovenia, Romania og Bulgaria. Antologien dekkjer perioden frå 2008 til 2021 og er basert på forskingsprosjektet Party Government in Europe Database (PAGED). Coalition politics in Central-Eastern Europe. Governing in Times of Crisis is, as the title suggests, an anthology about coalition governments in Central and Eastern Europe, defined therein as the ten post-communist countries that became members of the European Union (EU) in 2004 and 2007: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Romania and Bulgaria. The anthology covers the period from 2008 to 2021 and is based on the research project Party Government in Europe Database (PAGED).

Clinical perspective on innovative insulin delivery technologies in diabetes management.

The primary objective of this study is to report the results of an online questionnaire and the in-person discussion sessions of physicians specializing in diabetes care in which their opinions about current diabetes management was obtained. The Diabetes Innovation Summit 2023 drew attendance from a diverse group of specialized physicians from multiple countries. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to examine the technologies and medical needs associated with diabetes management. Using the results of the review, a questionnaire was developed by three experts from the steering committee to solicit feedback from specialized physicians. The online survey was made accessible between 10th December 2022 and 10th January 2023. Following the online survey, six structured in-person discussion sessions were conducted with specialized physicians from the Middle East, Central-Eastern Europe, and North Africa regions. The study revealed that about 59% of survey requests were answered, with many participants being pediatric endocrinologists from North Africa. Around 60% of diabetes patients followed Multiple Daily Injections (MDI) according to specialized physicians. Among MDI users, 62% employed Blood Glucose Monitors (BGM), 31% used intermittent-scanning Continuous Glucose Monitors (isCGM), and 23% used CGM. In North Africa, nearly 90% of patients used MDI due to financial constraints. While physicians focused on both Time in Range (TIR) and HbA1c for MDI-treated patients, satisfaction with TIR achieved was expressed by 31%, while 74·1% believed Real-Time CGM (rtCGM) was effective. Concerns arose about potentially misleading HbA1c results and the relatively low patient achievement of target TIR despite CGM usage. The Smart MDI System was seen favorably compared to other applications. The system's affordability was a significant barrier, particularly in the Middle East and Africa. The present study highlights that physicians are generally supportive of utilizing new technology. The questionnaires and the open discussion revealed the expectation that the Smart MDI technology provides better control, primarily by identifying missed boluses, while expressing concerns on the use of the technology by teenagers and children, who might forget the device and be reluctant to use in public, and by the older population, who might be challenged by the technology.

Ablation of Supraventricular Arrhythmias With as Low as Reasonably Achievable X-Ray exposure (AALARA): Results of Prospective, Observational, Multicenter, Multinational, Open-Label Registry Study on Real World Data Using Routine Ensite 3D Mapping During SVT Ablation.

The reduction of fluoroscopic exposure during catheter ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias is widely adopted by experienced electrophysiology physicians with a relatively short learning curve and is becoming the standard of care in many parts of the world. While observational studies in the United States and some parts of Western Europe have evaluated the minimal fluoroscopic approach, there are scarce real-world data for this technique and the generalizability of outcomes in other economic regions. The AALARA study is a prospective, observational, multicenter, and multinational open-label study. Patients were recruited from 13 countries across Central Eastern Europe, North and South Africa, the Middle East, and the CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States), with different levels of operator expertise using minimal fluoroscopic exposure techniques. Data on radiation exposure, procedural success, complications, recurrence, and quality of life changes were collected and analyzed. A total of 680 patients were enrolled and followed for 6 months. The majority were ablation naïve with the commonest arrhythmia ablated being typical AVNRT (58%) followed by Atrial Flutter (23%). Zero fluoroscopy exposure was observed in almost 90% of the cases. Fluoroscopy was most commonly used during the ablation phase of the procedure. We observed a high acute success rate (99%), a low complication rate (0.4%), and a 6-month recurrence rate of 3.8%. There was a significant improvement in the patient's symptoms and quality of life as measured by patient global assessment. The routine use of a 3D mapping system during right-sided ablation was associated with low radiation exposure and associated with high acute success rate, low complications, and recurrence rate along with significant improvement in quality of life. The data confirm the reproducibility of this approach in real-world settings across different healthcare systems, and operator experience supporting this approach to minimize radiation exposure without compromising efficacy and safety. NCT04716270.

Trade credit policies in the construction industry: A comparative study of Central-Eastern and Western EU countries

Abstract This article aims to investigate the trade credit policies in construction firms across Central-Eastern Europe (CEE) and Western Europe (WE). Utilizing financial data from construction companies in 12 European Union (EU) countries (2000–2020), sourced from the BACH-ESD database, panel data models are applied separately to each region. The analysis compares trade credit granted and obtained, as well as the impact of determinants in WE and CEE countries. The results show limited cross-regional diversity in trade credit policies and determinants, suggesting alignment with common trends and industry standards. This indicates adaptation by construction companies to minimize the impact of regional economic disparities. The study addresses a gap in the corporate short-term finance literature by offering a comprehensive comparative analysis of trade credit practices among construction firms across CEE and WE countries, revealing regional variations that have not been comprehensively explored in previous analyses.

Dynamic Analysis of CO2 Emissions and Their Determinants in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe

This study addresses the problem of the relationship between the adopted development path and the emission levels of greenhouse gases. The analysis includes the countries of Central and Eastern Europe that joined the EU in 2004–2018. This study used a dynamic analysis due to the nature of the changes taking place, which cannot be assessed in static terms. The results of the research conducted so far for this group of countries have been inconclusive. The countries studied have the aim of accelerating economic growth in order to reduce their distance from other EU countries on the one hand, while attempting to pursue a policy favoring the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, on the other. The aim of this evaluation was to determine the relationship between GDPs per capita and CO2 emissions and to establish the factors determining this relationship. The results for the whole group showed the presence of N-shaped EKCs. This study showed the importance of energy productivity and demographic factors as well as the pace of GDP growth. This research extended the scope of research on CO2 emissions and their determinants through the use of dynamic methods, as well as the complex course of their relation to GDP per capita in Central Eastern European Countries.

Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: projections from 2025 to 2050.

The prediction of future trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and their risk factors can assist policy-makers in healthcare planning. This study aims to project geospatial trends in CVDs and their underlying risk factors from 2025 to 2050. Using historical data on mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study, encompassing the period of 1990 to 2019, Poisson regression was performed to model mortality and DALYs associated with CVD and its associated risk factors from 2025 to 2050. Subgroup analysis was based on GBD super-regions. Between 2025 and 2050, a 90.0% increase in cardiovascular prevalence, 73.4% increase in crude mortality, and 54.7% increase in crude DALYs are projected, with an expected 35.6 million cardiovascular deaths in 2050 (from 20.5 million in 2025). However, age-standardized cardiovascular prevalence will be relatively constant (-3.6%), with decreasing age-standardized mortality (-30.5%) and age-standardized DALYs (-29.6%). In 2050, ischaemic heart disease will remain the leading cause of cardiovascular deaths (20 million deaths) while high systolic blood pressure will be the main cardiovascular risk factor driving mortality (18.9 million deaths). Central Europe, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia super-region is set to incur the highest age-standardized cardiovascular mortality rate in 2050 (305 deaths per 100 000 population). In the coming decades, the relatively constant age-standardized prevalence of global CVD suggests that the net effect of summative preventative efforts will likely continue to be unchanged. The fall in age-standardized cardiovascular mortality reflects the improvement in medical care following diagnosis. However, future healthcare systems can expect a rapid rise in crude cardiovascular mortality, driven by the ageing global populace. The continued rise in CVD burden will largely be attributed to atherosclerotic diseases. Not applicable.

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS LINEAGE 2

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is a substantial threat to public health, infecting approximately 10 million individuals annually with tuberculosis. Among the genetic lineages of MTB, lineage 2 (L2), notably the Beijing family, plays a significant role in global tuberculosis epidemiology, accounting for nearly a quarter of all reported TB cases. Originating possibly in East Asia, this lineage spread globally, causing significant epidemics in Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and Eastern Africa. Geographic variability in the distribution of MTB L2 strains reveals diverse prevalence patterns among sublineages across different regions. L2.1 (proto-Beijing) is primarily composed of isolates originating from China, Thailand, and Vietnam, with a smaller number from Japan, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The ancestral sublineage, named L2.2.A, is mostly spread in China, Japan, and Thailand, while the modern sublineage, L2.2.M, is widespread, spanning almost the entire world. Moreover, the L2.2.M1 clade demonstrates a wide geographic spread, encompassing various countries across Asia and Australia, while other subclades of the L2.2.M2, L2.2.M3, and L2.2.M4 clades show more localized distributions across different regions. The L2.2.M4 clade comprises nine subclades, L2.2.M4.1 and L2.2.M4.2 are primarily found in Thailand, while L2.2.M4.3, L2.2.M4.6, and L2.2.M4.8 predominate in China. In South Africa, L2.2.M4.4 is the predominant subclade, whereas L2.2.M4.7 is associated with Nepalese isolates. In contrast, in regions such as Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and Russia, L2 strains, particularly the Modern Beijing sublineage, dominate. Notable examples include Europe/Russia W148 outbreak L2.2.M4.5 (B0W/148), Central Asia L2.2.M4.9 (CA), Central Asia outbreak L2.2.M4.9.1 (CAO), and Clade A L2.2.M4.9.2. Additionally, recent small clades like L2.2.M5 and L2.2.M6, originating from Vietnam, Thailand, and China, have emerged, with L2.2.M6 also detected in Kenya and South Africa. In Kazakhstan, we have identified such sublineages of L2 as CAO (n=69; 67.64%) L2.2.M4.9.1, CA (n=27; 26.47%) L2.2.M4.9, B0W/148 (n=5, 4.90%) L2.2.M4.5 and one isolate representative of a rare L2.2.M4 lineage (n =1; 0.98%). Strains of this lineage demonstrate the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extensive drug resistance (XDR), reflecting the emergence of resistance mechanisms against all available anti-tuberculosis drugs. In summary, M. tuberculosis lineage 2, especially the Beijing family, significantly impacts global tuberculosis epidemiology, with diverse prevalence patterns among sublineages across regions.

Trends in deaths and disability-adjusted life-years of ischemic heart disease attributable to high body-mass index worldwide, 1990–2019

BackgroundThe objective of this study is to evaluate the global burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) attributable to High body mass index (HBMI) by utilizing data from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019.MethodsThis study utilized data from the GBD 2019 to examine the impact of HBMI on deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). The analysis focused on age-standardized rates and considered a 30-year time frame. Trends were assessed using estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs).ResultsSince 1990, a significant global increase in IHD attributable to HBMI has been observed. This increase is particularly notable among elderly males and in regions with low-middle Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), such as Central Asia and Eastern Europe. In 2019, IHD globally resulted in 1,662,339 deaths and 41,369,773 DALYs. Despite the high age-standardized death rate (20.73 per 100,000) and DALY rate (499.41 per 100,000), a declining trend was noted. This trend is reflected by the EAPCs of -0.35 for DALYs and − 0.67 for deaths. Notably, males and middle SDI countries exhibited higher rates of IHD, whereas high SDI regions such as High-income Asia Pacific and Western Europe showed decreasing trends in IHD.ConclusionOver the past three decades, there has been a significant increase in IHD caused by HBMI, especially in low-middle and low SDI regions. This highlights the importance of targeted interventions in addressing this issue. Notably, regions including Central Asia, Eastern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East have been heavily affected.