Central Composite Design Methodology Research Articles

Optimization of reaction parameters for synthesis of Cyclodextrin nanosponges in controlled nanoscopic size dimensions

Cyclodextrin nanosponges are hyper-cross-linked polymers obtained by reaction of hydroxyl groups present on cyclodextrins with an appropriate polyfunctional cross-linker to form solid particles with a rather spherical morphology. Convective heating method has been the most successful and popular approach since the synthesis of nanosponges was first reported. However, problems of low yields, and batch to batch variations have not been addressed. These variations are largely due to differences in experimental conditions such as reaction temperature in °C (A), reaction time in min (B) and stirring speed in rpm (C). The reaction conditions for the synthesis of nanosponges were optimized by using central composite design and response surface methodology. The optimization model predicted a yield of 88.0484% and particle size of about 265.446 nm with A, B and C levels of 105.92, 306.92 and 5000 respectively. The observed responses were in close agreement with the predicted values. The formation of nanosponges was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The nanosponges prepared under optimized conditions exhibited homogeneous size distribution and spherical morphology, which was confirmed by Transmission electron microscopy. The thermal stability determined by DSC is very similar to the previous results.

Optimization of dynamically sensitive parameters of Linke Hofmann Busch coach considering suspended equipment using design of experiment

The high speed coach running on irregular track is always accompanied by inferior comfort for the passengers. The optimal design of coach parameters improving comfort level can be achieved through response analysis. The present study is concerned with the optimization of Linke Hofmann Busch rail coach design parameters to augment comfort level. The coach body and bogie frame under four degrees of freedom are modeled with the finite element method to obtain dynamic parameters of the coach, that is, eigenvalues and eigenvectors. The sensitivity analysis based on partial derivatives against frequency response function displacement with respect to various design parameters is conducted, and most influential coach parameters are optimized through computer experimentation using central composite design and response surface methodology of design of experiment (DOE). Using modal parameters obtained as above and Indian Rail Road power spectral density of track irregularities, both vertical and lateral responses are determined at vicinity to the center mass of coach body in a 0.1– 40 Hz frequency range of interest. Results conclude that peak vertical responses occur in 0 – 10 Hz, whereas peak lateral responses fall at still lower frequency representing long wavelength irregularities of track that causes discomfort to vehicle riders. Findings of the research work embodied herein reveal that the left end bio toilet tank mass has least effect on response. Also, these findings suggest scope for further attainment in comfort level by computer experimentation for combinations of three coach design parameters (wheel base, equivalent primary, and secondary suspension stiffness) on minimizing the response level without altering the basic design of the coach model. The present paper represents a significant move forward on the dynamic analysis of coach body considering suspended equipment, sensitivity analysis through mathematical approach rather than step parametric variation, and its optimization through DOE, which have not been addressed earlier. The outcome of the paper may help rail coach designers to modify coach design parameters for better comfort level, even in the low frequency range of operation.

Optimization of the growth of Lactobacillus in skim milk added with green banana flour and determination functional properties

PurposeThis paper aims to study the effect of addition of green banana flour (GBF) in skim milk, provides a nutritional and functional contribution to this matrix when added. They have biological compounds like resistant starch, phenolic compounds, antioxidant compounds and others. The skim milk containing 1.08 per cent of GBF was chosen after a central composite rotational design and response surface methodology. The response variable was the growth ofLactobacillus plantarum(LP) andLactobacillus helveticus(LH).Design/methodology/approachDuring the fermentation process, the antioxidant activity, plasmid DNA protection capacity, proteolytic activity and inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) of the fermented milk was determined.FindingsAll variables were influenced by the fermentation time. The antioxidant activity evaluated by the ABTS radical presented values of 0.83 ± 0.04 µM Trolox.mL−1 and 0.79 ± 0.02 µM Trolox.mL−1, respectively, for the fermented LP and LH. The extracts fermented byL. plantarumandL. helveticuswere able to inhibit the oxidation of plasmidial DNA. The proteolytic activity was higher in the fermented with LH (1.16 ± 0.03) than in the fermented with LP (0.71 ± 0.02). The ACE inhibitory activity was higher in the fermented LH (59.01 per cent) than in the fermented LP (54.45 per cent).Originality/valueFermented milk with 1.08 per cent GBF presented positive results in the analyzed variables and could be studied commercially as a functional food alternative.

Optimization of Process Parameters for Anti-Glare Spray Coating by Pressure-Feed Type Automatic Air Spray Gun Using Response Surface Methodology.

The process of preparing anti-glare thin films by spray-coating silica sol-gel to soda-lime glass was exclusively and statistically studied in this paper. The effects of sol-gel deliver pressure, air transport pressure, and spray gun displacement speed on the gloss, haze, arithmetic mean surface roughness, and total transmittance light were analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the factors of sol-gel deliver pressure, air transport pressure, and displacement speed exhibit a significant effect on the haze, gloss, and Ra. In contrast, the variation of total transmittance light with these three factors are insignificant. Because the anti-glare property is predominantly determined by low gloss and high haze, we therefore aim to minimize gloss and maximize haze to achieve high anti-glare. Central composite design and response surface methodology are employed to analyze the main and interaction effects of the three factors through quadratic polynomial equations, which are confirmed by the analysis of variance and R2. The response surface methodology predict the lowest gloss and highest haze are 9.2 GU and 57.0%, corresponding to the sol-gel deliver pressure, air-transport pressure, and displacement speed of 250 kPa, 560 kPa, and 140 mm/s, and 340 kPa, 620 kPa, and 20 mm/s, respectively. Comparing the predicted optimal data with the real experimental results validates the applicability of the mathematical model. This study provides an important basis for the subsequent production of anti-glare glass with different specifications to satisfy the market demand.

Enhancement of bacterial cellulose production in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Recently, bacterial cellulose (BC) has become more commonly applied as a new nano-biological material within the food, paper manufacturing and pharmaceutical production industries. However, the current methods of BC production are not ideal because of their low productivity and large number of byproducts. To improve the yield of cellulose production in bacteria, various carbon and nitrogen sources for the fermentation conditions of BC by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ZF-7 were investigated. The effects of D-glucose, yeast extract and ethanol concentration on BC production by strain ZF-7 were studied by single factor methods. Based on the above results, the effects of D-glucose, yeast extract and ethanol concentration on BC production were investigated by means of a five-level factor central composite design and response surface methodology. D-glucose and yeast extract concentration were found to have a significant linear effect on BC production, and the interaction between D-glucose concentration and yeast extract concentration also had significant influence on BC production. The obtained optimum culture medium contained 56.1 g•L−1 of D-glucose, 9.9 g•L−1 of yeast extract and 17.2 mL•L−1 ethanol. Under these conditions, the BC yield of B. amyloliquefaciens ZF-7 reached 7.88 g/l, which represents a 35.4% increase compared to the initial yield before the optimization.

Optimizing Culture Conditions by Statistical Approach to Enhance Production of Pectinase from Bacillus sp. Y1.

It was found that Bacillus sp. Y1 could secrete alkaline pectinase with suitable enzyme system for powerful and fast degumming of ramie fiber. In this study, the medium components and fermentation conditions were optimized by some statistical methods including mixture design, fractional factorial design, central composite design and response surface methodology, and single factor method for enhancing the alkaline pectinase production. The optimized conditions for pectinase production were that the culture was shaken at 34°C for 60 h in 50 mL of medium containing 10.5% (w/v) carbon source (consisting of 3.8% starch, 4.2% wheat bran, and 2.5% sucrose), 0.37% (NH4)2SO4, 0.3% MgSO4, and 0.1% Tween-80, with initial pH 8.2 and inoculation amount of 1.3 mL (with the OD600 of the seed medium about 5.77). Using the optimizing conditions, the activities of polygalacturonate lyase (PGL) and polygalacturonase (PG) in fermentation liquor were increased to 2.00-fold and 3.44-fold, respectively, and the fermentation time shortened 12 hours (from 72 h to 60 h), which showed good application potential in degumming of ramie.

Simultaneous production of commercial enzymes using agro industrial residues by statistical approach.

Simultaneous production of commercial enzymes using agro-industrial residues by statistical approach is an important perspective in an industrial point of view. Despite the advantages of statistical methods optimization, the report on simultaneous production of pectinase and amylases are limited. The accumulation of agro-industrial residues causes serious environmental problems; however, citrus peel can be the important substrate for various enzymes production, including pectinase. These enzymes involving saccharification process and act as clarifying agent. In this study, orange peel and banana peel mixture were used as the suitable substrate for pectinase and amylase production using Bacillus pumilus in solid-state culture. The process parameters were optimized for simultaneous production of enzymes by a traditional-one-variable-at-a-time approach, a two level full factorial design, central composite design and response surface methodology. Among the selected variables, moisture content of the medium, pH and mineral supplement significantly influenced pectinase and amylase production. Pectinase production increased over 3-fold, whereas, 2-fold increase on amylase production was achieved after optimization by statistical approach. The purified pectinase exhibited maximal activity at pH8.0, temperature of 60 °C and the molecular weight was 60 kDa. The purified amylase was highly active at pH8.0, at 50 °C and the molecular weight was 37 kDa. The enzyme showed activity on fruit pulp in increasing clarity in orange and carrot juice and the saccharification of starch. Orange peel and banana peel mixture was effective as a solid medium for the simultaneous production of pectinase and amylase by Bacillus pumilus. Also, our statistical approach to optimize the medium components to yield more pectinase and amylase was fruitful and these enzymes showed appreciable results suitable for various applications. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Polydopamine-functionalized magnetic iron oxide for the determination of trace levels of lead in bovine milk

In this work, a novel sorbent based on polydopamine-functionalized magnetic ferric oxide (Fe3O4) was synthesized and applied for dispersive solid phase extraction of Pb(II) in bovine milk samples. The extracts were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The sorbent was characterized with different analytical techniques (XRD, FT-IR, SEM, TEM, VSM and EDX). To reach the maximum extraction efficiency of Pb(II), some effective parameters on both adsorption and desorption steps were optimized with the aid of central composite design and response surface methodology. Under the optimal conditions, the method provided an enhancement factor of 40.5 corresponding to the absolute recovery of 81%. LOD and LOQ were found as 0.13 and 0.43 ng mL−1, respectively. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 3.0–300 ng mL−1 (R2 = 0.9957). The intra and inter-day precisions (RSD%) of the method were calculated as 3.2% and 5.6%, respectively. Finally, the method was successfully applied for the determination of Pb(II) in different bovine milk samples. The Pb(II) content in one of the investigated milk samples was found to exceed the maximum permissible limit (20 μg L−1) set by Codex Alimentarius Commission. The relative recoveries were obtained within the range of 86.5–93.6.

Multi‐substrate anaerobic co‐digestion of citrus pulp, lawn grass, and chicken manure—A batch study

Anaerobic digestion of organic waste is a promising alternative to landfilling and is being encouraged by current policies in India. However, nutritional imbalance of single waste as a substrate in anaerobic digestion is limiting the effective degradation in biogas production. Co‐digestion of multiple organic wastes where the digestion of two or more substrates is carried out in a single digester is a promising method to enhance the nutritional balance. The present study investigated the possibilities of improving biogas production with co‐digestion of citrus pulp (CP), lawn grass (LG), and chicken manure (CM) based on the total solid loading (TS %). The design of experiments and analysis of the co‐digestion effect were carried out with central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM), respectively. Biogas production was found to vary more with respect to total solid loading (TS %) than C/N ratio of the co‐digestion mix. The low influence of C/N ratio may be due to prevalence of optimal C/N ratio of 16–33 in all co‐digestion mixes. The adopted central composite design–response surface methodology (CCD–RSM) led to maximum biogas production of 688 mL at CP of 0.28 (TS %), LG of 9.4 (TS %), and CM of 4 (TS %). The CCD–RSM is a suitable approach to maximize the biogas production in multi‐substrate anaerobic co‐digestion. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13146, 2019

Experimental investigation into size and sphericity of alginate micro-beads produced by electrospraying technique: Operational condition optimization

Alginate spherical hydrogel beads have several applications in biomedical and biological processes in which the bead size and sphericity are critical factors affecting mass transfer phenomena. Electrospraying technology facilitates generation of small and almost uniform beads with higher diffusion rate resulting in process performance improvement. There are several key factors affecting particle size and shape behavior of electrosprayed alginate beads meanwhile interactions between these factors introduce complexity in determining appropriate conditions to produce spherical beads with the size of interest. Thus, the need to achieve reliable products has put growing emphasis on the use of modeling methodology to establish correlations between particle size and affecting variables as well as sphericity coefficient and meaningful factors. Obviously, a more applicable model based on intentionally manipulatable factors would spark a great deal of interest for practical engineering applications. In this regard we employed a central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) to model the diameter and sphericity coefficient of electrosprayed alginate beads for the first time. Two quadratic models were obtained in which the effectiveness order of the variables were found. We could benefit from this RSM-based empirical model not only for better understanding the complex physics of the electrospraying process, but also for selection of factors and their levels to produce alginate micro-beads with appropriate size and sphericity. The results indicate that the alginate concentration, voltage and needle size have the strongest influence on both response variables. The quite spherical beads with a minimum size of 130 μm can be obtained at alginate concentration of 1.5%, voltage of 11 kV, and needle size of 26 G.

MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR IMPROVING OSMOTIC DEHYDRATION OF KIWIFRUIT

Osmotic conditions for kiwifruit dehydration were optimized using central composite rotatable design and response surface methodology. The optimal conditions included osmotic time of 4.29 h, sucrose concentration of 70 %, and osmotic temperature of 50 °C. At these optimum values, water loss (WL) exhibited a response value of 45.64 %. The optimized condition was validated and found to be fitted with the experimental values. Quadratic regression equations describing the effects of these factors on WL were developed. The osmotic dehydration of kiwifruit was significantly influenced by osmotic temperature, osmotic time, and sucrose concentration. Moreover, osmotic process at relatively high temperatures caused a significantly depletion of VC content in kiwifruit.

Isolation and identification of the angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides derived from cottonseed protein: optimization of hydrolysis conditions

ABSTRACT Peptides derived from food proteins have exhibited significant antihypertensive effects without side effects. In this study, the cottonseed protein was hydrolyzed by papain for preparing peptide with angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. The influence of hydrolysis temperature (33°C, 40°C, and 47°C), pH (6.5, 7.0, and 7.5), and enzyme to substrate (E/S) ratio (0.9%, 1.2%, and 1.5%) on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and ACE-inhibitory activity were analyzed. The hydrolysis conditions were further optimized by central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The DH of cottonseed protein and ACE inhibitory rate of hydrolysates reached 25.7% and 88.2%, respectively, under the optimal hydrolysis conditions (hydrolysis temperature 39°C, pH 7.5, and E/S ratio 1.04%). We further separated the cottonseed protein hydrolysates (CPH) using a combined strategy of ultrafiltration membrane bioreactor system, sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). An ACE inhibitory peptide, named as FII-2-P, with ACE inhibitory IC50 value of 46.7 μg/mL, was obtained. MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the molecular weight of FII-2-P was 763.4 Da and its amino acids sequence was Phe-Pro-Ala-Ile-Gly-Met-Lys. These results demonstrated that the cottonseed protein is a potential source of ACE inhibitory ingredients to be used in the development of functional foods.

Vitellus utilization under concurrent variations in temperature and light intensity in Ussuri catfish, Pseudobagrus ussuriensis

The combined effects of temperature (18–34°C) and light intensity (100–1,800 lx) on the vitellus utilization, duration of vitelline absorption and larval growth in Pseudobagrus ussuriensis were studied under laboratory conditions using a central composite design and response surface methodology. The results showed that the first- and second-order effects of temperature and light intensity were significant (p < 0.05), the interactive effect between temperature and light intensity was non-significant (p > 0.05) and the effects of light intensity were greater than that of temperature. Predicated on the reliable models of vitelline utilization regarding temperature and light intensity, the optimal rearing environment shaped by a temperature/light intensity of 25–26°C/1,030 lx (12.98 μmol m−2 s−1) was obtained via model optimization. Verification results attained under laboratory conditions showed that vitelline utilization was most efficient at these optima. The application of the environmental optima would contribute to refining the seed quality in the larviculture of this species.

Efficient separation of triglyceride from blood serum using Cinnamon as a novel biosorbent: Adsorption thermodynamics, kinetics, isothermal and process optimization using response surface methodology

Abstract Batch adsorption of triglyceride (TG) from the human blood serum was investigated using cinnamon as a novel serum-contact biosorbent. Important factors affecting the adsorption including; temperature, contact time, stirring rate, adsorbent dose and, particle size were investigated through optimization using central composite design methodology. SEM and FTIR analyses were employed to characterize the adsorbent. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevitch isotherm models were employed to study the adsorption equilibria and the Langmuir and D-R models showed better agreement with the experimental data. The maximal TG adsorption and removal percentage values were determined as 18.12 mg/g and 75.16%, respectively. The pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intra-particle diffusion, and Elovich models were used to describe the adsorption kinetic and the pseudo-second order model better represented the data. Gibbs free energy and enthalpy changes were determined as -22.64 and 20.21 kJ/mol, respectively. Optimization results demonstrated that the optimal conditions for the adsorption were the adsorbent dose of 0.94 g, milling time of 9.19 min, stirring rate of 255 rpm, temperature of 23.41 °C and, contact time of 35 min which resulted in the optimal TG removal (88.2%). Based on the results, cinnamon is an efficient triglyceride reducer for possible application in extracorporeal blood perfusion.

Dummy molecularly imprinted polymers based on a green synthesis strategy for magnetic solid-phase extraction of acrylamide in food samples

In this work, novel dummy molecularly imprinted polymers (DMIP) with propanamide as a dummy template molecule were prepared based on a green synthesis strategy of less consumption of hazardous/organic reagents and at mild conditions for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) of acrylamide in biscuit samples, followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination. The resultant DMIP was well characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TEM and VSM, exhibiting uniform nanoscale coreshell structure and good magnetic property in favor of simple rapid separation. Several main variables influencing MSPE efficiency were investigated, including DMIP dosage, sample solution pH, extraction time and desorption solvent; central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to assist in the MSPE condition optimization with rapidity and reliability. Under optimized conditions, excellent linearity for acrylamide was obtained in the range of 5.0–5000.0 µg kg−1, and low detection and quantification limits were 1.3 µg kg−1 and 4.4 µg kg−1, respectively. The method recoveries at five spiked concentrations were found within 86.0–98.3% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.2–4.1%. Furthermore, endogenous acrylamide was detected in five different biscuit samples and the RSDs values were lower than 3.3%. The present study suggested promising perspectives of water-compatible eco-friendly DMIP based MSPE-HPLC method for highly effective sample pretreatment and targeted analytes determination in complicated matrices.

Fundamentals of Force-Controlled Friction Riveting: Part I-Joint Formation and Heat Development.

This work presents a systematic study on the correlations between process parameters and rivet plastic deformation, produced by force-controlled friction riveting. The 5 mm diameter AA2024 rivets were joined to 13 mm, nominal thickness, polyetherimide plates. A wide range of joint formations was obtained, reflecting the variation in total energy input (24–208 J) and process temperature (319–501 °C). The influence of the process parameters on joint formation was determined, using a central composite design and response surface methodology. Friction time displayed the highest contribution on both rivet penetration (61.9%) and anchoring depth (34.7%), and friction force on the maximum width of the deformed rivet tip (46.5%). Quadratic effects and two-way interactions were significant on rivet anchoring depth (29.8 and 20.8%, respectively). Bell-shaped rivet plastic deformation—high mechanical interlocking—results from moderate energy inputs (~100 J). These geometries are characterized by: rivet penetration depth of 7 to 9 mm; maximum width of the deformed rivet tip of 9 to 12 mm; and anchoring depth higher than 6 mm. This knowledge allows the production of optimized friction-riveted connections and a deeper understanding of the joining mechanisms, further discussed in Part II of this work.

A Novel Green Stabilization of TiO2 Nanoparticles onto Cotton

Facile embedding of TiO2 nanoparticles onto cotton fabric has been successfully attained by ultraviolet light irradiations. The adhesion of nanoparticles with fibre surface, tensile behaviour and physicochemical changes before and after ultraviolet treatment were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray and inductive couple plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy. Experimental variables i.e. dosage of TiO2 nanoparticles, temperature of the system and time of ultraviolet irradiations were optimised by central composite design and response surface methodology. Moreover, two different mathematical models were developed for incorporated TiO2 onto cotton and tensile strength of cotton after ultraviolet treatment and used further to testify the obtained results. Self-clean fabric through a synergistic combination of cotton with highly photo active TiO2 nanoparticles was produced. Stability against ultraviolet irradiations and self-cleaning properties of the produced fabric were evaluated.

Optimization of biosynthesis gold nanoparticles via central composite design toward monodisperse

sThe gold nanoparticles were synthesized using ultrasound radiation. The optimization process was achieved using a central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of gold precursor (HAuCl4.3H2O), concentration of stabilizing agent (oil palm leaves extracts, (OPLE)), sonication amplitude, and sonication time were investigated on the average hydrodynamical size and polydispersity index. The hydrodynamical size and polydispersity index of the synthesized AuNPs were measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS). The relationship between the independent variables and their corresponding responses were established by the non-linear regression equation obtained from the developed models. Analysis of variance was used for examining the effect of individual, cross and quadratic terms of the independent variables on the responses. As a result, very low p-value (<0.0001), non-significant lack of fit and coefficient of the determinant () demonstrate an effective correlation between the experimental results and the predicted values. The optimal conditions selected for the expected hydrodynamical size (75 nm) and the minimum polydispersity index (0.284) were modified as follows: concentration of HAuCl4.3H2O = 0.03 % concentration of OPLE = 2.00 %, Amplitude = 59.00 %, and time = 26.32 min. Under these conditions, the average hydrodynamical size and average polydispersity index were found to be 71.9 nm and 0.264 respectively, which tallies well with the predicted values.

Vitelline utilization under the joint influences of temperature and photoperiod in the Ussuri catfish (Pelteobagrus ussuriensis)

The joint effects of temperature (18–30 °C) and photoperiod (0–24 h) on yolk utilization in the yolk-sac larvae of Pelteobagrus ussuriensis were investigated under laboratory conditions using a central composite design (face-centered) and response surface methodology. The results indicated that a suitable environmental temperature and photoperiod significantly increased yolk utilization. In contrast, unsuitable environments (e.g., low temperatures and complete darkness; low temperatures and continuous lighting; high temperatures and complete darkness; and high temperatures and continuous lighting) significantly reduced yolk utilization, albeit to varying degrees. Temperature affected yolk utilization independently of photoperiod, and was more important than photoperiod. Yolk utilization was synchronous with larval growth, showing the conversion of vitelline nutrients into larval growth. Predicated upon the reliable second-order relationship of yolk utilization with temperature and photoperiod, the optimal temperature-photoperiod combination was derived via model optimization and verified. The application of our results may help to increase the efficiency of seed production in the larviculture of this species.

Combination of Chemical Coagulation and Photo-Fenton Oxidation Process for the Treatment of Beet Sugar Industry Wastewater: Optimization of Process Conditions by Response Surface Methodology

ABSTRACTThe beet sugar industry generates large volumes of wastewater with high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color content, which are discharged into the nearby environment without adequate treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the treatment possibility of this wastewater by using the photo-Fenton oxidation combined with a coagulation process. Central composite design and response surface methodology were used to evaluate the relationships between color and COD reduction and the photo-Fenton oxidation parameters (i.e. Fenton’s reagent dosage, pH, and reaction time).The combined treatment results showed 59% of COD and 83.9% of color removal were obtained at optimum conditions (pH: 6.2; Fe2+ dosage: 20 ppm; H2O2 dosage: 1500 ppm; and reaction time of 15 min). Finally, the results of gel permeation chromatography showed that low molecular weight fraction of the wastewater impurities is more degraded than high molecular weight fraction during oxidation/coagulation process. Therefore, the results obtained from this study showed that an appropriate combined method for the treatment of beet sugar industry wastewater can be designed and implemented.