Center For Collective Use Research Articles

Capabilities of the “IKI-Monitoring” Center for collective use in organizing the satellite monitoring of the Central Asian Region

The computing power of modern technical equipment allow to solve different scientific and applied problems. The paper considers the practice of organizing special satellite monitoring service with the help of the “IKI-Monitoring” Center for Collective Use. A number of scientific and applied problems often require rapid access to satellite data, that sometimes is impossible because of the need to store all data locally. In this case the Center for Collective Use allows to analyze the long-term archives available online, process them and save the results right on the server or download it to the PC. The technology is now being practiced to organize a number of specialized services and adapt them to the needs of different regions. At the current stage the project is targeted to solve the problem of regular monitoring of water objects in Central Asia. The service is a part of “VEGA-Constellation” information systems set and was called EcoSatMS (Ecosystem Satellite monitoring Service). The paper is focused on the capabilities of “IKI-Monitoring” and its application in framework of the new technology for remote monitoring the parts of river courses, i.e. the integration of virtual hydroposts. The methods used for the current research can be expanded and developed further to understand the influence of the water resources dynamics on agriculture and ecosystem in general.

Histogram comparison crosscalibration method applied for evaluating the quality of “Canopus-v-ir” data

Regular onboard calibration of satellite data is of great practical importance for the processing of remote sensing information. For flight cross-calibration it is proposed to use a geostationary satellite as a reference to calibrate polar orbiting satellites data on the example of the “Canopus–V–IR” and Himawary satellites. Authors use data from center for collective use “IKI–Monitoring”, united data catalogue of Planeta Research Centers for Space Hydrometeorology. The work has been done on theme «Monitoring»

Meteorological data analysis capabilities in the “VEGA constellation” information systems family

Satellite monitoring information systems require joint analysis of heterogeneous data, including meteorological data. To solve these problems, IKI RAS developed a technology for automatic acquisition, storage, presentation and analysis of meteorological data. The archive of meteorological data in IKI RAS is maintained within the Center for Collective Use “IKI-Monitoring“. The data is being continuously updated from a number of sources, primarily with the data obtained by the NCEP model. The data is available for visualization on the map in various ways. Plotting provides time series analysis in comparison to other variables such as vegetation indices. The developed technologies have been applied in development of a number of specialized information systems of satellite monitoring of natural and anthropogenic objects.

Development of the unit for testing the methods of remote computerized monitoring of environmental changes in the “IKI-Monitoring” center for collective use

The impact of hazardous waste on people and the environment from agricultural, industrial, military and mining activities form one of the most significant global environmental challenges. These wastes often include heavy metals, acid precipitates (sulfur oxide solutions), hydrocarbons, and other organic chemicals. Creation of the tools of the VEGA-Science service (http://sci-vega.ru/) to control the state of vegetation for the monitoring the impact of technogenic waste and dumps sources (TWDS) on the environment is the main objective of this work. To achieve this goal, proposals for the modernization and development of the VEGA-Science services have been defined to provide the organization and analysis of long-term variability of the vegetation cover caused by the influence of TWDS.

ОТВЕТНАЯ РЕАКЦИЯ АНТИОКСИДАНТНЫХ СИСТЕМ ТРАВЯНИСТЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЕ КЛЕТОК В УСЛОВИЯХ ТЕХНОГЕННОГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ ГОРОДСКОЙ СРЕДЫ

The present study is devoted to revealing the peculiarities of the reaction of tissue microhemodynamics and cardiorespiratory system of animals the action acetylsalicylic acid in different concentrations on in rats. The study was carried out on the basis of the Center for collective use of scientific equipment «Experimental Physiology and Biophysics» of the Department of Human and Animal Physiology and Biophysics of the V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. The animals were divided into six groups of 10 animals. The first group was biological control; in the animals of this group, the microcirculation parameters were recorded by the laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) method. The second-sixth group of animals was registered parameters of microcirculation and cardiorespiratory system. The LDF-metry was performed with the help of the laser analyzer of the blood flow «LAZMA-MC». It was researched the action of 5, 10, 40, 80, and 120 mg/kg doses acetylsalicylic acid on cardiorespiratory parameters in rats. It was found that the effect of acetylsalicylic acid in all doses significantly decreased only heart rate. The maximum decrease in this indicator was registered in animals when acetylsalicylic acid was administered at a dose of 120 mg/kg by 24.4 % (p≤0.05) relative to the values in the control group of animals. When acetylsalicylic acid was administered in isolated doses, there was a significant change in the activity of almost all components of microvascular tone regulation. These changes were most pronounced when animals were administered acetylsalicylic acid at a dose of 80 mg/kg. Thus, the action of acetylsalicylic acid it was increased the endothelium-dependent vasodilation, blood flow to the nutritive microvasculars, improvement in venular outflow and decreased in peripheral resistance. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-33-70142.

ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КАРДИОРЕСПИРАТОРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ КРЫС ПРИ ДЕЙСТВИИ АЦЕТИЛСАЛИЦИЛОВОЙ КИСЛОТЫ И ЕЕ КОМПЛЕКСНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ С МЕТАЛЛАМИ

The paper researches the effect of cobalt (АСCo2+) and zinc (АСZn2+), nickel (Ni2+) and manganese (Mn2+) acetylsalicylates in doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg on the characteristics of the rats’ cardiorespiratory system. The study was carried out on the basis of the Center for collective use of scientific equipment «Experimental Physiology and Biophysics» of the Department of Human and Animal Physiology and Biophysics of the V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. The research of the biological effect of the acetylsalicylic acid, АСCo2+, АСZn2+ , АСNi2+, АСMn2+was carried out during their intraperitoneal injection into rats in doses of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg. Simultaneously the following characteristics of all the groups’ animals were registered: heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The pulse pressure (PP) was calculated on the basis of the SBP and DBP indices difference. BP, HR and RR of the rats were registered with the help of the system NIBP200A («BiopacSystems, Inc.», USA). The results of the current research allowed to determine that the coordinating compounds of the acetylsalicylic acid with such metals as Co, Zn, Ni2+, Mn2+ not only have more pronounced biological effect in comparison with the acetylsalicylic acid, but demonstrate new properties; the most effect on the cardiorespiratory system was achieved by АСZn2+. Thus, the results of the current research allow us to claim that the salts of the acetylsalicylates, having the metal-complexing in its molecules’ composition, have more pronounced and qualitatively new properties in comparison with the acetylsalicylic acid precursor’s properties; this makes the further search for biological and pharmaceutical activity of these coordinating compounds more perspective, as well as it makes the technology of complexingan inexpensive and highly efficient approach to the creation of new medicines. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-33-70142

Online database “See The Sea” for the Caspian Sea

For many years, the primary environmental problem of the Caspian Sea has been oil pollution, which is associated both with oil production and transportation, as well as changes in sea level, leading to secondary pollution, river runoff and even seismic activity, which provokes natural oil spills from the bottom of the sea. Abnormal bloom of waters every year becomes more and more long and covers more and more areas, and also occurs in areas where it was not previously observed. However, the current state of the sea, and the trends of its evolution has not been studied enough, which determines the relevance of the solution of the main task of the ongoing Russian Science Foundation Project “Assessing ecological variability of the Caspian Sea in the current century using satellite remote sensing data”. Implementation of the proposed project will assess the relative contribution of each of the sources of pollution of the Caspian Sea, which varies in different periods depending on climatic factors, on the intensity of various hydrodynamic and hydrometeorological processes, on seismic activity and human economic activity. The goal of the project is to assess the changes in the ecological state of the Caspian Sea since the beginning of the current century under the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. This calls for a detailed analysis of large banks of satellite data acquired over the Caspian Sea from 1999 to 2022 jointly with multi-year hydrometeorological and in situ data. The goal is achievable due to powerful capabilities of the “See the Sea” (STS) information portal developed by the Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI RAS) as part of IKI - Monitoring Center for Collective Use. STS offers oceanographers new and unique tools to work with remote sensing data, enabling comprehensive analysis of data different in physical nature, spatial resolution and time of acquisition.

The research of moisture forms in the rape by the thermogravimetric analysis method

The paper considers the method of thermogravimetric analysis, which is one of the few absolute methods of analysis, which makes it one of the most accurate methods. In this study, a thermogravimetric analysis of rapeseed was carried out, which allowed to determine the temperature zones corresponding to moisture removal with different binding energy, which makes it possible to predict the regime parameters of the process of moisture removal and to choose the most effective way of their dehydration. Studies were conducted in the laboratory of the center for collective use "Control and management of energy efficient projects" of the "Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies" on the device of synchronous thermal analysis model STA 449 F3 (NETZSCH, Germany) the Device records the change in the mass of matter and the difference in the heat flow in the crucible containing the sample, and the crucible containing the standard of the test substance. The principle of operation of the analyzer is based on the constant recording of the dependence of the change in the mass of the material on time or temperature when it is heated in accordance with a given temperature program in the established gas atmosphere. At the same time, heat release or absorption by the sample due to phase transitions or chemical reactions is recorded. The study was performed in the following modes: pressure is atmospheric, the maximum temperature of 413 K, the rate of change of temperature of 5 ?C/min. For the experiment using aluminum crucibles with a total weight of 12 mg. NETZSCH Proteus software was used to build the resulting Tg and DTG dependencies. The obtained dependences allowed to identify the periods of water dehydration and conversion of dry substances under thermal effects on rapeseed, as well as to identify the temperature zones that correspond to the release of moisture with different forms and binding energy.

STUDY OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF MARTENSITE-BAINITE STEELS AND NICKEL ALLOYS WHEN MODELING HEAT TREATMENT MODES USING A DILATOMETRIC METHOD

We present the results obtained using the equipment available at the Center for collective use “Composition, structure, properties of structural and functional alloys” NRC “Kurchatov Institute” — CRISM “Prometey”: DIL 805A/D (TA Instruments) and DIL 402C (Netzsch) dilatometers. Dilatometric analysis which provides determination of the temperature coefficient of linear expansion and the temperature of phase transitions, as well as evaluation of the transformation kinetics, can also allow simulation of heat treatment modes to identify the size of the former austenitic grain using vacuum etching and conduct the research aimed at improving the technology of thermal and thermomechanical processing (TMO) of steels and alloys. The experiments were carried out both in vacuum and in dynamic helium atmosphere. The main methodological difficulties that we have faced with are described. For steels of martensite and martensite-bainite class (38KhMA, 38KhN3MFA, 20Kh3NMFA) conditions of vacuum etching in the chamber of the dilatometer are specified. The efficiency of the method for martensite-bainite steels in determination of the grain size compared to traditional methods of etching is deminstrated. The effect of thermodeformation parameters on the size of austenitic grain is estimated. When modeling the heat treatment modes by the dilatometric method, the microstructure of KhN55MVTs nickel alloy was also analyzed. Changes in the size and morphology of the grain structure at different stages of heat treatment are revealed. The obtained results were used to adjust the current modes of heat treatment and obtain a uniform fine-grained structure. The combined application of dilatometric and metallographic analyzes after vacuum etching of the material decreases the production costs attributed to obtaining the desired microstructure upon thermal and thermomechanical processing of the products and blanks.

Genesis of Organomineral Deposits in Lakes of the Central Part of the Baraba Lowland (South of West Siberia)

Abstract —A quantitative assessment of the fractionation of elements during sedimentation is made based on long-term comprehensive studies with the participation of geochemists, hydrobiologists, soil scientists, and chemists. Analytical studies of the chemical composition of water, soil, bottom sediments, and biota were carried out at the Center for Collective Use of Scientific Equipment for Multielement and Isotope Studies and at the Institute of Catalysis, Novosibirsk. Based on a mineralogical and geochemical approach, we chose lakes with different types of biogenetic formation and different classes of organomineral sediments and performed detailed studies of the relationship between the organic and mineral parts of the sediments. It has been established that the organomineral sediments of different classes and biogenetic types of formation differ not only in the contents of major elements (Si, Ca, C, and O) but also in the group composition of organic matter. The direct effect of the transformation of organic matter on the mineral composition of bottom sediments has been revealed. The contents of other elements vary in a narrow range of values. At the same time, the difference in the contents of elements between organomineral sediments of different types and classes is comparable with their difference within a class. The leading role in the formation of the geochemical and mineral compositions of the organomineral sediments of small lakes belongs to intricate biological, biochemical, and physicochemical processes depending mainly on azonal factors and occurring under prolonged freezing-up (anaerobic conditions).

Иммобилизация клеток штамма Rhodococcus wratislaviensis КТ112-7 как способ повышения эффективности биодеструкции модифицированных полихлорбифенилов

The degradation of a mixture of hydroxy- and methoxy-PCB obtained as a result of a chemical modification of a commercial mixture of PCB «Sovol» by the Rhodococcus wratislaviensis strain KT112-7 in plankton culture or immobilized on carbon carriers has been investigated. It was established that the KT112-7 strain in plankton culture degraded 73.2% of a mixture of modified PCBs for 96 h; the strain immobilized on BAU-A activated carbon and on Carbopon-B-active carbon fiber provided the 59.5% and 95.3% degradation for the same time, respectively (with the starting concentration of PBS of 0.5 g/L). The application of the R. wratislaviensis KT112-7 strain immobilized on the BAU-A carrier decreased the number of the PCB derivatives by 1.5 times at the end of the experiment; the corresponding result for the Carbopon-B-active-immobilized culture was 3 times; the set of PCBs after the treatment with the suspension culture remained unchanged. In practice, the immobilization of R. wratislaviensis КТ112-7 strain on carbon carriers can be used in the development of the techniques for the degradation of chemically modified PCB mixtures. polychlorinated biphenyls, immobilization, destruction, utilization, PCB, Rhodococcus. Funding-This work was supported by the Integrated Program of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences No. 18-3-8-19. The work was performed using the equipment of the Center for collective use «Spectroscopy and analysis of organic compounds».

Опыт эксплуатации и развития центра коллективного пользования системами архивации, обработки и анализа спутниковых данных (ЦКП «ИКИ-Мониторинг»)

Опыт эксплуатации и развития центра коллективного пользования системами архивации, обработки и анализа спутниковых данных (ЦКП «ИКИ-Мониторинг»)

The fatigue durability GFRP under increased temperatures

The actual tasks of the mechanics of composite materials are studies of the laws of deformation, fracture and mechanical behavior of composites under the influence of high and low (working) temperatures, climatic factors and working dirty environments. No less urgent task is to study issues related to the analysis of the conditions of failure, the accumulation of damage and the survivability of composites during cyclic loads. In connection with the above tasks, the paper presents the results of experimental studies of the effect of high temperatures on the fatigue life of aviation structural fiberglass plastics. Studies were conducted at the Center for Collective Use of the Center of Experimental Mechanics PNRPU. The objects of the study were samples of structural fiberglass for aerospace purposes, which were manufactured by serial technology of autoclave molding from glass fiber prepreg.In the course of study, static mechanical characteristics were determined (refined), temperature dependencies of static tensile strength and elastic modulus were obtained, temperature dependences of fatigue life were obtained, and conditions for changing the fracture mechanisms of fiberglass samples were analyzed.

Обеспечение микробиологической безопасности пищевой продукции с применением ионизационного облучения

Работа посвящена обоснованию возможности применения ионизирующего облучения в пищевой отрасли с целью снижения микробиологической обсемененности сельскохозяйственной и пищевой продукции в процессе использования и долгосрочного хранения. Целью данных исследований является обоснование возможности применения радиационного облучения в пищевой отрасли. В исследование по эффективности угнетения микроорганизмов использовали следующие штаммы: Escherichia coli ATCC полученный из штамма ВКМ В 114191, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (f-49)2 полученный из штамма ВКМ201189 и Salmonella entrica subsp. Enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 140283. Облучение проводили на ускорителе УЭЛВ-10-10-С-70 Центра коллективного пользования физическими методами исследования в «Институте физической химии и электрохимии им. А.Н. Фрумкина Российской Академии Наук». Результаты исследований показали зависимость устойчивости изучаемых штаммов микроорганизмов. Исследования показали, что наиболее устойчивыми к ионизационному облучению являются штамм Salmonella и E. coli, меньше устойчив штамм микроорганизмов S. aureus. Зависимость количества микроорганизмов от дозы облучения носит немонотонный, полимодальный характер – при обработке тест культур ионизационным облучением от 4 до 5 кГр наблюдается увеличение роста микроорганизмов для всех условий обработки, и только затем их ингибирование. При увеличении доз облучения свыше 5 кГр уровень возникающих клеточных радиационных повреждений будет превышать возможности снижения их защитными механизмами клетки и кривые доза–эффект будут соответствовать обычной линейной или квадратично-линейной функции. Снижение количества клеток при облучении до 4 кГр можно объяснить тем, что при низких дозах, сравнимых с уровнем естественной радиации, степень повреждения ДНК микроорганизмов слишком мала, чтобы активизировать адекватный уровень ферментативной репарации.

НЕЛИНЕЙНЫЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ СОВМЕСТНОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ ОКСИДОВ р- И d-ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ПРИ СОЗДАНИИ ТОНКИХ ПЛЕНОК НА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ GaAs И InP ОБЗОР

Рассмотрен процесс термооксидирования арсенида галлия и фосфида индия под воздействием бинарных оксидных композиций (хемостимулятор+хемостимулятор и хемостимулятор+инертный компонент). Установлены и интерпретированы нелинейные эффекты зависимости толщины оксидной пленки на поверхности GaAs и InP от состава композиции оксидов-хемостиуляторов. Доказана возможность получения аддитивной во всем интервале составов зависимости толщины оксидной пленки на поверхности GaAs от состава при использовании композиций оксид-хемостимулятор+инертный компонент. Установлена пространственная локализация связывающих взаимодействий между оксидами-хемостимуляторами, которые приводят к наблюдаемым нелинейным эффектам. Синтезированные таким способом тонкие пленки на поверхности GaAs и InP обладают улучшенными электрофизическими свойствами и проявляют газочувствительный отклик в атмосфере газов-восстановителей.
 
 Результаты исследований получены на оборудовании Центра коллективного пользования Воронежского государственного университета. URL:http://ckp.vsu.ru
 Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РФФИ № №18-03-00354_а

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ АДГЕЗИОННЫХ СВОЙСТВ КОММУТАЦИОННЫХ СЛОЁВ НА ПОЛУПРОВОДНИКОВЫХ ВЕТВЯХ р-ТИПА ТЕРМОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ ГЕНЕРАТОРНЫХ БАТАРЕЙ

Проведены сравнительные исследования фазового состава, морфологии, твердости и адгезии поверхности полупроводниковых термоэлектрических ветвей на основе твердого раствора Bi2Te3-Sb2Te3 р-типа проводимости, полученных методом горячего прессования, после модификации поверхности различными методами (механическая обработка (МП), импульсная фотонная обработка (ИФО), электрохимическая полировка (ЭХП)). Установлено, что МП упрочняет приповерхностный слой, повышает в 2 раза адгезию коммутационных барьерных слоев Mo–Ni. Последующие ЭХП повышает адгезию слоев Mo–Ni в 1.3 раза, а ИФО в 1.4 раза в сравнении с ветвями после МП.
 
 Работа выполнена с использованием научного оборудования Центра коллективного пользования им. проф. Ю. М. Борисова ВГТУ, Центрально-Черноземного коллективного центра анализа структуры, элементного и химического состава материалов ВГТУ и при финансовой поддержке Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации в рамках постановления Правительства Российской Федерации от 9 апреля 2010г. №218 (Договор № 03.G25.31.0246).

Operation and Development of a Center for Collective Use in the Field of Photonics

Management and procedural principles underlying the operation and development of the Center for Collective Use of high-precision measurement technologies in the field of photonics for the purpose of assuring equal access of scientists to expensive research and measurement complexes, scientific equipment, and plants are set forth. A number of different procedural approaches to assuring an exhaustive integral supply of the Center for Collective Use with scientific equipment are considered using as an example the creation of a measurement and calibration complex for metrological assurance of measurements in the field of microwave photonics.

Исследовательская деятельность центра коллективного пользования уникальным научным оборудованием Университета гражданской защиты МЧС Беларуси

Статья посвящена вопросам функционирования Центра коллективного пользования научным оборудованием. Обозначены основные цели и задачи Центра, направления выполняемых научных исследований. Приводятся сведения об имеющемся оборудовании, научных результатах его использования.

Features of the space-time characteristics of the gait of children and adolescents involved in sports

The study of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the gait of children and adolescents is an important task. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal characteristics of the gait of children and adolescents of different age categories who systematically engage in sports.Methods. On motion capture complex Vicon in the Center for Collective Use "Three-dimensional study of the biomechanics of motion" of the Astrakhan State University, 43 children were examined: 22 children in the control group and 21 children in the study group.Results. Quantitative indicators of the spatial and temporal characteristics of the gait of children engaged in sports dancing were obtained and a comparative analysis of this data with the control group was carried out. An increase of walking speed and cadence, a decrease in the time of single and double support in male athletes in the 7-12 year old group was revealed; increased of walking speed and cadence, a marked decrease in the time of single support, a decrease in the limp index in female athletes in the 7-12 year old group; an increase the cadence in female athletes in the group of 12-15 years.Conclusions. Doing sport every day helps with the spatio-temporal changes of the walk among children and teenagers. The imbalance of the motor function is examined among girls, that doing sports between the age of 7-12, so that’s why it needs a special attention from doctors, traumatologist and orthopedists.

Технология получения жирного масла из семян томата и изучение его биохимичесих характеристик

The aim of the research is to develop the technology of obtaining tomato oil from tomato seeds and the study of the oil obtained biochemical composition. Methods . Laboratory study was carried out with the devices of the Center for Collective Use (Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences), in the laboratories of the Mountain Botanical Garden. Specialists of Mountain Botanical Garden offered an original method for assessing the antioxidant activity of plants. Results. The physicochemical and biochemical properties of the tomato seed oil have a rich variety of composition. It is determined not only the oil fatty acid composition, but also a number of its uncommon properties. Conclusion. The research gives an idea of the rational ways of tomato seeds processing, obtained by processing the tomato mass into juices, drinks, tomato paste. Analysis of the physicochemical and biochemical parameters of tomato oil revealed its high functional properties. It is prepared the recommendations for enterprises engaged in tomato processing.