Cement-based Grouting Materials Research Articles

Preparation and Performance Improvement Mechanism Investigation of High-Performance Cementitious Grout Material for Semi-Flexible Pavement.

Semi-flexible pavement material (SFPM) combines the advantages and avoids the disadvantages of asphalt concrete flexible pavement and cement concrete rigid pavement. However, due to the problem of interfacial strength of composite materials, SFPM is prone to cracking diseases, which limits the further application of SFPM. Hence, it is necessary to optimize the composition design of SFPM and improve its road performance. In this study, the effects of cationic emulsified asphalt, silane coupling agent and styrene-butadiene latex on the improvement of SFPM performance were compared and analyzed. The influence of modifier dosage and preparation parameters on the road performance of SFPM was investigated by an orthogonal experimental design combined with principal component analysis (PCA). The best modifier and the corresponding preparation process were selected. On this basis, the mechanism of SFPM road performance improvement was further analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) spectral analysis. The results show that adding modifiers can significantly enhance the road performance of SFPM. Compared to silane coupling agents and styrene-butadiene latex, cationic emulsified asphalt changes the internal structure of cement-based grouting material and increases the interfacial modulus of SFPM by 242%, allowing cationic emulsified asphalt-SFPM (C-SFPM) to exhibit better road performance. According to the results of the principal component analysis, C-SFPM has the best overall performance compared to other SFPMs. Therefore, cationic emulsified asphalt is the most effective modifier for SFPM. The optimal amount of cationic emulsified asphalt is 5%, and the best preparation process involves vibration at a frequency of 60 Hz for 10 min and 28 days of maintenance. The study provides a method and basis for improving the road performance of SFPM and a reference for designing the material composition of SFPM mixes.

Experimental study on the mix proportion of self-heating grouting materials in alpine regions

The frost heave disease of cement-based grouting materials occurred in the pre-stressed pipeline in alpine regions. This paper proposes a self-heating grouting material and verifies its feasibility by a series of mechanical properties and working properties experiments. Firstly, the water-cement ratio and the dosage of admixture are determined by an orthogonal test at room temperature at 5 °C, and relevant experiments determine the dosage of silica fume to improve its fluidity. Secondly, experiments carried out at −5 °C are used to analyze the influence of calcium oxide and nano-silica on the temperature of the grouting material system. Thirdly, through adiabatic temperature rise test, the exothermic contribution of calcium oxide and nano-silica heating materials in cement-based grouting material is tested, respectively, and the working performance and mechanical properties of grouting material are tested under different negative curing temperatures. Finally, the feasibility of the self-heating grouting material proposed is verified by the confirmatory test of wrapped concrete. The test results show that the self-heating grouting material under the hostile temperature can be stabilized above five degrees, and its expansion stress does not exceed the specification requirements, which can meet the construction requirements in the hostile temperature environment in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau and other Alpine regions.

Reinforcing effects of carbon nanotubes on cement-based grouting materials under dynamic impact loading

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are reasonable materials to modify the property of cement-based grouting materials to improve their strength and durability, optimize their pore structure, and reduce their carbon emissions. However, dynamic impact loading frequently occurs in underground engineering, while there is very limited research concerning the reinforcing effects of CNTs on cement-based materials under dynamic impact loading. Hence, in this work, we applied the split Hopkinson pressure bar to investigate the dynamic mechanical behaviors of CNTs cement-based grouting materials. The results exhibited that CNTs cement-based grouting materials presented superior impact resistance, with a maximum peak stress of 59.33 MPa. Compared with plain cement grouting materials, mixing CNTs and fly ash into cementitious composites could reinforce the dynamic compressive properties by 10.25%–31.86%. The impact resistance of CNTs cement-based grouting materials was more significant under high dynamic loading, enhancing the dynamic properties by up to 31.86%, which indicates that CNTs reinforcement is more efficient in impacting engineering. The strain nephogram and fractal dimension further suggested that the excellent capacity of the CNTs in cement-based grouting materials could be achieved after ultrasonic treatment. A mathematical physical model was then established for CNTs reinforcing cement-based materials, revealing the whole process of CNTs extraction from the cement-based and giving a factor that can measure reinforcement performance. The findings of this study not only promote that the CNTs cement-based grouting materials can enhance the dynamic loading properties and reduce cement usage, but also provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent research on the mechanism of the microscopic reinforcement of CNTs.

Experimental analysis of Nano-SiO2 modified waterborne epoxy resin on the properties and microstructure of cement-based grouting materials

Experimental analysis of Nano-SiO2 modified waterborne epoxy resin on the properties and microstructure of cement-based grouting materials

Tensile properties of sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting materials toughened by in-situ polymerization of acrylamide

Polymer-modified cementitious materials with high compression and tensile resistance are considered the most promising materials for fracture grouting in underground projects. In this paper, polyacrylamide was prepared by in-situ polymerization of acrylamide, and its toughening effect on sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting material (SCGM) was investigated. The results show that the toughness index of the acrylamide modified SCGM (PAM-SCGM) was 57.55 times higher than that of the plain one. The PAM-SCGM three-stage failure model and the PAM-AFt-CS dual network structure model were proposed and validated by SEM. A model of PAM inhibition of hydration was proposed and validated using heat of hydration, FT-IR and XRD. BET was used to reveal the evolution of the pore structure and validated the tensile model. An empirical formulation of a three-stage mechanical model was proposed and regressed to validate it. The four models and an empirical formulation showed the great potential for engineering applications.

Effect of Synthetic Ettringite on the Hydration of Sulfoaluminate Cement-Based Grouting Materials

Ultrafine ettringite (UE) can accelerate the hydration of sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting materials (SCGMs). However, the mechanism of UE on the hydration of SCGM is not clear. Many researchers believe that ultrafine materials can serve as crystal nuclei for hydration products. How to prove that UE can supply crystal nuclei for hydrated products remains an open question. It is still unclear for which SCGM hydration products UE can supply a crystal nuclei. In this article, UE was synthesized in different solvent compositions by a separate nucleation and growth step method. Synthetic UE was enclosed in a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cutoff of 7 kDa, which allowed the diffusion of water and ions, and the mechanism of UE’s effect on the hydration of SCGM was investigated. The results indicated that with the increase of the amount of ethanol in the water–alcohol mixed solvent, the particle size of the prepared UE gradually became smaller. UE only provided a nucleation site for ettringite, which was one of hydration products, and thus promoted a cement hydration reaction. The smaller the size of the UE, the higher the cement hydration rate and the greater the amount of hydration products produced.

Experimental Study on Performance of Modified Cement-Based Building Materials under High-Water-Pressure Surrounding Rock Environment

Traditional cement-based grouting materials have good reinforcement and anti-seepage effects on the surrounding rock under normal conditions, but the grouting effect is not ideal due to problems such as a long setting time, a low stone ratio, and poor crack resistance under high water pressure and in a dynamic water environment. In this study, we aimed to improve the physical properties, chemical properties, and microstructure of a cement-based slurry by forming a hydrogel through its chemical crosslinking with polyvinyl alcohol and boric acid as modifiers for the purpose of improving the permeability resistance of the surrounding rock grouting under high-water-pressure conditions, which can expand the function of traditional building materials. The grouting effect of the modified cementitious material on the surrounding rock was analyzed through indoor tests, the SEM testing of the performance of the modified slurry, the numerical calculation of the seepage field, and the application of the modified slurry in combination with the actual project to verify the water-plugging effect. The research findings demonstrate that (1) the additives boric acid and PVA can significantly speed up the slurry gel time, and the gel time can be controlled within 2–20 min to meet the specification requirements. (2) At a velocity of moving water > 1 m/s, the retention of the solidified modified slurry stone body reaches more than 80%. According to the SEM analysis, the structure of the solidified modified slurry stone body is dense and has good impermeability. (3) According to the numerical calculation analysis, the modified slurry can effectively change the seepage field of the surrounding rock and improve its seepage resistance. The water pressure outside the lining is reduced by 47%, 31%, and 22%, respectively, compared with no slurry, the pure cement slurry, and cement–water-glass grouting, and the indoor test and numerical simulation conclusions are consistent.

Study on expansion effect and hydration characteristics of ultra-high strength cement-based grouting materials based on humidity compensation

The combination of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and expansive agent can effectively reduce the shrinkage deformation of ultra-high strength cement-based grouting materials (UHS-CGM) in dry environment. However, there are differences in the compensation shrinkage mechanism of SAP and expansive agent, and the presence of SAP may have adverse effects on the working and mechanical properties of grouting materials. In order to evaluate the synergistic effect of SAP with different water adsorption and release characteristics and MgO expansion agent (MEA), the influence of different SAP size and dosage on the compressive strength, restrained expansion rate, internal relative humidity (IRH) and hydration characteristics of UHS-CGM containing MEA were investigated, and then the composition and content of hydration products were analyzed by TG and XRD, the microstructures were observed by SEM in this paper. The results show that SAP improved the hydration degree of UHS-CGM and the expansion efficiency of MEA, and significantly increased the restrained expansion rate of UHS-CGM under standard curing and sealed curing, while reduced the compressive strength of UHS-CGM, and the decreasing degree was aggravated with increasing size and dosage of SAP. Overall, small size SAP has better inner curing efficiency and compensates shrinkage effect.

Carbon nanotubes assisted fly ash for cement reduction on the premise of ensuring the stability of the grouting materials

Cement-based grouting is the most used method to strengthen the fractured rock mass and reinforce the mechanical properties and impermeability of the surrounding rock. The balance among the strength, durability, workability and cost of the grout has always been the key to grouting engineering. In this study, we use carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the nano-additive to assist fly ash in preparing high-performance cement-based grouting materials. The results show that CNTs can generate nucleation effects and pore-filling effects in cementitious composites to promote the hydration reaction of the grouting materials and optimize the pore structure of the hardened slurry. Two reinforcing roles, bridging and pulled-out role of CNTs, act in the hardened cement matrix, where the former can improve the mechanical properties of grouting materials through micro-friction toughening, and the latter can form a net-like distribution in cement matrix together to enhance the impermeability. More importantly, we found that 0.08 wt% CNTs combined with 20 wt% fly ash can be a good substitute for cement with a moderate proportion of grouting materials. Compared with plain cement slurry, the mechanical properties are basically unchanged, while the workability can be increased by about 5%, and the impermeability can be reinforced by 6%. The discovery of this research provides an excellent chance for utilizing the superior properties of CNTs to fabricate high-performance, cost-effective and environment-friendly grouting materials.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF NANO MODIFIED ULTRAFINE CEMENT-BASED GROUTING MATERIAL

The traditional cement-based grouting materials commonly used for repairing cracks in highway tunnels have large particle sizes and are easy to block pipes. As such, ultrafine cement-based grouting materials were modified by adding nano-silica (NS), nano-alumina (NA), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to improve their grouting, stability, and strength. The results showed that after adding different nano-materials, the fluidity and setting time of the grouting slurry decreased to different degrees, and the maximum values decreased by 41.38% and 42.9%, respectively. Among them, CNTs had the most significant effect, followed by NS. At the same time, the water bleeding rate of the grouting slurry decreased. When 2% NS and 0.5% CNTs were added, water bleeding would not appear. The compressive strength of nano modified grouting materials at all stages would increase first and then decrease with the increase of dosage. The dosages of NS, NA, and CNTs were 1.0%, 1.0%, and 0.1%, respectively, and the compressive strength increased by 24.6%, 4.2%, and 9.2% in 28 days, respectively. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy tests showed that the surface effect of NS and CNTs can improve the hydration reaction efficiency and hydration products; bridging and nucleation can reduce the crack spacing and structural pores between different particles, and improve the connection between hydration products. The amorphous materials produced by NA can fill the pore structure, while the cementation performance of amorphous materials was poor and had limited contribution to the strength.

Influence of surfactant on foam generation and stabilization in cement slurry

Modern civil engineering and industrial buildings use foamed cement because of its low heat conductivity and light weight.Despite their high performance, foamed cement products manufactured solely from cement might be prohibitively expensive for commercial entities. Thus, chemically foaming cement is important. This paper compiles and reviewsthe foamed cement preparation, mostly used physical and chemical foaming processes. Physical foaming creates foamed cement by mixing foam into a slurry. Physical foaming methods are inefficient and energy-intensive. Chemical foaming involves adding a foaming ingredient to cement slurry. Foaming agents like surfactants react to create bubbles that expand the slurry. Surfactants in the liquid solution promote a bubble by spontaneously cicatrizing holes caused by external perturbations. These chemicals stabilize foams and bubbles for minutes to hours. Oil and gas well cementing uses Self-generated nitrogen foam cement (SNFC) with a high-efficiency foam stabilizer. Three surfactants produced cement pastes with and without MWCNT. A viscosity-modifying agent (VMA) in an aqueous cement paste dispersion can change its rheology. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and CaCl2 increase nanosilica (NS) fluidity for pumping cement-based grout. FSCGM is used for coal mine infill grouting. Foamed sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting material (FSCGM) makes firefighting CO2 foam. Cement-hollow glass microballoon syntactic foams have greater compressive strength than neat cement at equal densities. Polydentatephosphonate-modified polymers and ester-type polycarboxylate superplasticizers create many cement mortar bubbles (PCE-1). Calcium ions stabilize polymer bubbles. Aqueous epoxy resin is added to cement slurries to reduce plastic viscosity and boost heat conductivity to make high-porosity cement foams (HPCF). Foamed cement bubble stability is highest at particle wetting angle π/2. SDS in silica suspension adjusts this angle. Ti-extraction blast furnace slag (TEBFS) foam with 20–40% sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) makes foamed cement.

An explainable intelligent algorithm for the multiple performance prediction of cement-based grouting materials

Cement-based grouting material, distinguished by excellent fluidity and high strength, is widely used in the field of construction reinforcement, and anchoring of restraints. Owing to the high-performance requirements and complicated influencing factors of grouting material, the design of the mixing proportion has been challenging. This study proposes a machine learning (ML) based algorithmic framework integrating prediction, interpretation, and automatic hyperparameter tuning to identify the complex potential relationships between the mixing proportion parameters on the compressive strength and fluidity of cement-based grouting materials. The 442 compressive strength data and 217 fluidity data derived from both published literatures and laboratory experiments were collected to build a dataset for demonstrating the predictive performance of the ML models. The results indicated that the hyperparameter tuning technique via Bayesian Optimisation (BO) can significantly improve the time efficiency compared to grid search, reducing time consumption from 8000 s to 197 s with comparable accuracy. The optimal prediction results were obtained based on the XGBoost model with R2 = 0.93, RMSE = 7.37 for compressive strength, and R2 = 0.92, RMSE = 16.33 for fluidity. The SHapley Additive exPlainations (SHAP) is introduced to interpret the evaluation results and the influence of the various mix factors on grouting material from both global(model) and local(instance) perspectives. The suggested model can be seen as a function of influential input variables that help engineers conduct a rapid assessment and then in turn to optimize the design of the mixture proportion.

Optimization of the Injection and Physical Properties of Sulfoaluminate Cement via the In Situ Polymerization of Acrylamide

Deep coal mining requires grouting to reinforce the coal rock walls. The conventional polymer-modified cement-based grouting materials have improved toughness but poor fluidity. The purpose of this paper was to improve the injectability of grout. The preconditions were that the physical properties of the stones are not obviously damaged and the mechanical properties are optimized. The acrylamide monomer was incorporated into the sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting material system. The effects of the in situ polymerization modification of the acrylamide on the paste properties and stone body strength were investigated. The results showed that the acrylamide mixed with the sulfoaluminate cement could increase the fluidity of the grouting material, prolong the paste setting time, and improve the flexural strength of the stone body. Compared with the blank group, the 500 mL efflux time of the 1006 mud viscometer in the 35% AM (acrylamide) dosing group decreased from 51 s to 41 s, the initial setting time increased from 15 min to 98 min, and the flexural strength at three days increased by 202.8%. The compressive stress–strain of the stone body gradually changed from brittle to ductile damage as the acrylamide dosing increased. Based on the microscopic analysis, a composite structure model of the inorganic skeleton of the flexible polyacrylamide network of toughened AFt (ettringite) was built in this paper. A mechanical study of the compressive stress–strain characteristics of the stone body was performed. It was concluded that the acrylamide in situ polymerization-modified sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting material is suitable for coal rock wall grouting reinforcement.

Life cycle assessment and multi-index performance evaluation of semi-flexible pavement after composite modification by using fly ash, rubber particles, warm mixing asphalt and recycled asphalt pavement

Semi-flexible pavement (SFP) has excellent potential to improve pavement performance and durability. This study aims to reduce energy consumption and emissions in the whole life cycle of SFP based on ensuring its good pavement performance through applying fly ash, rubber particles, warm mixing technology, and recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in SFP. It is observed that after the cement in the cement-based grouting material is replaced and modified with fly ash and rubber particles, the energy consumption and emission of SFP in the whole life cycle are significantly reduced. Compared with the gain effect of energy saving and emission reduction brought by cement replacement, the gain effect of environment-friendly modification of asphalt concrete matrix skeleton is in general. In particular, the application of RAP with high content will instead increase the energy consumption and emissions of SFP in the whole life cycle. At the same time, it is also found that the fatigue resistance of SFP has a significant impact on its energy consumption and emissions. It is a crucial method to reduce the energy consumption and emission of SFP in the whole life cycle to replace and modify the cement in the cement-based grouting materials by using environmentally friendly materials or technologies such as fly ash and rubber particles, and to guarantee or improve the performance of SFP.

Synthesis and properties of hyperbranched solid polycarboxylate superplasticizer

In this paper, a novel strategy for the preparation of solid polycarboxylate superplasticizers (PC-3) with hyperbranched structures was proposed. PC-3 was synthesized by bulk polymerization method under a redox initiation system. Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) with an initiating group, as a soluble vinyl monomer was introduced to copolymerize with acrylic acid (AA) and isobutyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (HPEG). The reaction mechanism of the system initiated by ammonium persulfate (APS) and DMAEMA was explored, and the formation process of the hyperbranched structure was investigated. The experimental results show that the hyperbranched solid polycarboxylate superplasticizer has a high water-reducing rate and good slump retention. It can be applied in cement-based grouting materials well.

A novel CO2 foaming agent for the preparation of foamed sulfoaluminate cement material: Application to coal mine filling

High-risk areas in coal mines have become an increasingly serious issue in recent years. However, the chemical foaming agents used in coal mine filling management are mostly hydrogen peroxide which produces combustible O2 and aluminum or zinc powder which is explosive H2. All of the above chemical foaming agents do not have safe filling conditions. In this paper, we propose a new inorganic foaming material that generates inert gas CO2. Foamed sulfoaluminate cement-based grouting material (FSCGM) was prepared by chemical foaming. The expansion capacity of CO2 foaming agent was studied. The effects of W/C, foaming agent admixture, and Lime/Anhydrite (L/A) on expansion times, foaming time and setting time were studied and the optimum proportion of FSCGM was determined. The mechanical properties, durability, and fire prevention performance of the FSCGM with the optimal proportion were studied and simulated filling tests were conducted. The results showed that the CO2 foaming agent with 30% dosing expands 8.8 times after 10 min of foaming. The best proportion of W/C was 2.2, CO2 foaming dosing was 25%, L/A was 3:5, 6 h compressive strength was 0.52 MPa, 7 d water absorption rate was 46.2%, softening coefficient was 0.75. With the increase of foam admixture and W/C, the CO2 concentration gradually increased, and the fire prevention effect became more apparent. After simulated filling, the slurry did not collapse the mold, the expansion times was 1.74 times, and the dry density of the sampled specimens was about 0.3 g/cm3. It is observed that the bubbles were evenly distributed, and the hole structure was small and dense. Therefore, we prepared FSCGM with ultra-low density, high early compressive strength, and good fire prevention performance by using novel CO2 foaming agent. In addition, the feasibility results indicate that the FSCGM has great potential for engineering applications.

Development of Cement-Based Grouting Material for Reinforcing Narrow Coal Pillars and Engineering Applications

The problem needs to be solved about stability control of small coal pillars along goaf in the coal mining process. In this paper, the effects of water reducer, accelerator and expansion agent on the fluidity, setting time, expansion ratio and stone body strength of grouting materials were analyzed through orthogonal experiments, and the optimal ratio of grouting materials was obtained, and it is applied to the engineering site to obtain the reinforcement effect of the coal pillar grouting material on the coal pillar. The results of the study show that: When the dosage of the accelerating agent is 4%, the amount of water-reducer is 0.3%, and the amount of the expansive agent is 6%, the comprehensive performance of the grouting material is the best. After using the new coal pillar grouting material to strengthen the coal pillars, 30 days of monitoring were conducted to determine the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway. The shallow separation layer of the surrounding rock of the roadway was about 39.6~52.5 mm, and the accumulated separation layer of the deep rock was 28.5~29.5 mm, which were kept within the safe control range. The coal pillar grouting material can well fill the surrounding rock fissures and coupling and cement the broken rock mass, improve the bearing capacity of the narrow coal pillar, and enhance the overall stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway. The research results have important reference significance for similar coal pillar grouting.

Numerical Simulation Methodology for Prefabricated Shear Walls Considering Stochastic Defects in Grouting Materials

The most used connection form for reinforced steel bars is the grouting sleeve using cement-based grouting materials. Hence, the quality of the grouting sleeve connection determines whether the performance of a precast concrete structure is equivalent to that of a cast in situ concrete structure. However, several existing reasons, namely, insufficient grouting cement or poor construction controls and even stochastic bubble holes, lead to inevitable grouting defects. The behavior of precast concrete structures is affected dramatically. Considering the cost and efficiency of the analysis of precast concrete structures, the finite element method is still the most used method, but the simulation technology of structures considering stochastic defects in grouting materials is not sufficient. Herein, a simulation method considering stochastic defects in precast concrete structures is proposed, and the application of the method to grouting sleeves and shear wall structures is performed to verify its accuracy and feasibility. The construction of stochastic defects in grouting material is first realized through the Python scripter. Secondly, the mechanical parameters are obtained from the refined finite element analysis of grouting sleeves with material defects. Finally, based on the obtained mechanical properties of grouting sleeves, the behaviors of precast shear walls under blast loading are analyzed. The simulations of grouting sleeves under uniaxial tensile loading and precast concrete shear walls under blast loading both indicate that the proposed numerical method is feasible in solving the structural issues with stochastic defects in grouting materials.

Preparation, properties and grouting process simulation of cement-based grout for loose deposits

In the case where grout is used in loose strata, the leakage is crucial to the control of plugging efficiency in the seepage channel. However, the existing grouting materials generally have insufficient properties to meet the engineering requirements in such conditions. Therefore, the present study developed a new cement-based grouting material on the basis of theoretical analysis and experimental investigation. With high adhesion ratio and rapid setting characteristics, the proposed grouting material can stick to the seepage channel with high proportion, thus plugging these channels rapidly. To this aim, based on the compounding of Portland cement with sulphoaluminate cement and the introduction of cement-modified admixtures, such as hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium polyacrylate, the preparation of grouting formula by the factorial experiment design was comprehensively investigated. This method, the harmonized relationship among adhesion ratio, workability time and mechanical characteristics of the proposed formula was established. Simultaneously, the engineering application feasibility of the proposed grout mixture was verified from both qualitative and quantitative aspects by a newly designed grouting simulation set-up. Finally, the plugging mechanism of this grouting formula in seepage channels was further concluded by monitoring the change of grouting parameters and calculating the plugging efficiency of the injected medium. This study provides a new method to enhance the plugging efficiency of seepage channels in loose deposits by improving the properties of potential cement-based grouting materials.

Performance characterization and life cycle assessment of semi-flexible pavement after composite modification of cement-based grouting materials by desulfurization ash, fly ash, and rubber powder

This study aims to carry out the performance characterization and life cycle assessment (LCA) of SFP after composite modification of cement-based grouting materials by desulfurization ash (FGD ash), fly ash, and rubber powder. The results of performance evaluation and scheme optimization of various cement-based grouting materials show that after the synergistic use of desulfurized ash and fly ash, the performance of the mixed cement-based materials is close to that of ordinary portland cement. On this basis, after adding 5 % by weight of rubber powder treated with a 2 % concentration of silane coupling agent (SCA) solution, the strength, toughness, and volume stability of cement-based grouting materials are significantly improved, and the comprehensive performance index can be increased by 70 % or more, and the durability of SFP can be increased by 30 % or more at the maximum. SFP’s energy consumption and emissions are mainly affected by the raw material production stage, in which cement accounts for 90 % or more of the energy consumption and emissions in the raw material production stage. After the reasonable replacement of cement and keeping good durability of SFP, the energy consumption of SFP in the whole life cycle can be reduced by about 30 %, and the environmental impact can be reduced by 30 % ∼ 40 %.