Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting Research Articles

Cavernous Hemangioma of the Orbit: A Case Report

Cavernous hemangiomas (CH) are the most common primary vascular tumors in adults, often located within the muscle cone of the orbit. These benign tumors typically present with progressive exophthalmos and visual disturbances. This case report details the presentation, diagnosis, and management of an orbital cavernous hemangioma (OCH) in a 29-year-old male with a 4-year history of non-pulsatile, irreducible exophthalmos and gradual vision loss. Imaging, including contrast-enhanced CT, confirmed the diagnosis, and surgical excision was performed using a left hemi-coronal approach. Postoperatively, the patient had an uneventful recovery, and histopathology confirmed the mass as a cavernous hemangioma. OCHs, though rare, are the most common benign orbital tumors, and surgical removal remains the treatment of choice, particularly when the tumor causes functional or aesthetic concerns. Conservative management may be considered for small, asymptomatic lesions. The prognosis is generally excellent following complete excision, with a low recurrence rate and significant improvement in both cosmetic and functional outcomes. Early diagnosis through imaging and careful surgical planning is critical for optimal results.

Pediatric Scapular Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting with Kasabach–Merritt Syndrome and Controlled by Preoperative Angioembolization: A Case Report

AbstractIntraosseous hemangioma is a common and benign vascular tumor with a propensity to occur in any bone of the body. Although the most common skeletal sites are the craniofacial bones and the spine, hemangioma of the scapula is a rare occurrence, which is rarer in the pediatric population. Kasabach–Merritt syndrome (KMS) is characterized by the combination of a rapidly growing vascular tumor, thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and consumptive coagulopathy. This condition can cause massive bleeding even after minor trauma and immediate operative management is usually contraindicated.We report a rare case of KMS in an 8-year-old girl with cavernous hemangioma of the scapula presenting with progressively increasing shoulder mass, thrombocytopenia, and serially falling hemoglobin levels. She was treated with preoperative angioembolization to manage the consumptive coagulopathy followed by surgery poststabilization. Intraosseous hemangiomas, while benign, can show aggressive features on imaging and angioembolization can be a life-saving tool in the management of vascular tumors presenting with consumptive coagulopathy. Intraosseous hemangiomas, while benign, can show aggressive features on imaging and angioembolization can be a life-saving tool in the management of vascular tumors presenting with consumptive coagulopathy.

Cavernous Haemangioma Mimicking Lower Eyelid Fat Bags - An Interesting Case Report

Cavernous hemangioma is the most common primary vascular orbital tumor in adults. The usual presentation of such benign tumors is proptosis with choroidal folds due to intraconal localization. We report a case of 58-year-old male with an unusual presentation of cavernous hemangioma resulting into a picture resembling lower-lid baggy fat bags. Data including clinical picture of both eyes, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) orbit showing mass located anteriorly, intraoperative view of transcutaneous anterior inferior orbitotomy, and histopathological examination results. A 58-year-old male patient presented with left lower eyelid swelling worsening over the past 6 months. The patient had an asymmetric lower lid fullness. A soft palpable, noncompressible mass in the left orbit beneath the lower eyelid was noticed suspicious for an orbital mass. Other ocular and systemic examinations were within normal limits. Orbital computed tomography scan with contrast revealed a well-defined, enhancing mass within the left orbit, measuring 2.5 cm × 1.5 cm, situated anterior to the eyeball and mimicking lower eyelid fat bags. MRI confirmed the presence of the mass, and angiographic sequences demonstrated marked vascularity. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma. In conclusion, the presented case emphasizes the importance of a systematic approach to the evaluation of eyelid and orbital conditions. Awareness of uncommon orbital pathologies and the appropriate use of diagnostic imaging are essential for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment planning. In cases like these, interdisciplinary collaboration between ophthalmologists, radiologists, and oculoplastic surgeons is critical for optimal patient care.

Dorsal medullary cavernous hemangioma presenting as obstinate hiccups and its surgical treatment: illustrative case.

Hiccups are characterized by involuntary, intermittent, repetitive, myoclonic, and spasmodic contractions of the diaphragm. Hiccups are termed "intractable" when they last for over 1 month. A rare case of intractable hiccups due to an uncommon location of cavernous hemangioma in the dorsal medulla is illustrated. With respect to the management, surgical excision was performed, and postsurgical complete recovery was witnessed, which has been reported only in six cases worldwide to date. A mechanism of the hiccups reflex arc is discussed in detail with special reference to the need for equal emphasis on evaluating central nervous system causes and peripheral etiologies for pertinent hiccups.

Cavernous mediastinal hemangioma presenting with persistent cough: a rare case report and review of literature

BackgroundCavernous hemangioma is a rare benign tumor which can sometimes mimic the clinical presentation and radiological findings of malignant tumors. Here we present a rare presentation of cavernous hemangioma in the mediastinum (CHM), along with a literature review among the main databases.Case presentationWe present a 48-year-old male who had suffered from persistent cough as the sole symptom of an anterior CHM. Computed tomography scan demonstrated a 12.5 × 10.8 cm mass in the anterior mediastinum. The mass was surgically resected, and histopathological evaluation established the diagnosis of CHM. The patient was discharged in good condition, in which during his four-month follow-up period, no recurrence of the tumor has been observed.ConclusionAlthough cavernous hemangioma rarely present in the mediastinum, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal tumors. However, our review of literature demonstrated a female dominance and average age of 40 years, with a 52% mortality rate based on previous reports.

A rare case of mediastinal mass with massive pleural effusion misdiagnosed as neurogenic tumor

BackgroundMediastinal cavernous hemangiomas are extremely rare vascular tumors. To the best of our knowledge less than 20 cases of posterior mediastinal hemangioma have been reported in literature, and this is the first case of mediastinal cavernous hemangioma presenting with massive pleural effusion.Case presentationWe report a case of a 56-year-old female who presented with cough and chest tightness and was found with a massive pleural effusion in chest CT. It was mistaken for a malignant pleural effusion. A posterior mediastinal lesion was observed after thoracic drainage and misdiagnosed again as neurofibroma. The lesion was resected and post-operative histopathology suggested that it was a cavernous hemangioma. Post-operative recovery was uneventful, and a follow-up examination nearly 14 months later showed the patient had no recurrence.ConclusionsDue to the lack of diagnostic specificity and variety of clinical manifestations, CHM is often misdiagnosed prior to resection. This is the first description of mediastinal hemangioma presenting with massive pleural effusion. It is very important to consider mediastinal hemangioma before operation to reduce surgical complications, and it should be in the differential diagnosis of posterior mediastinal masses.

Unusual Extraconal Presentation of Orbital Cavernous Hemangioma

A 27-year-old male patient complained of dull aching pain in the right eye (RE) for 3 months. On examination, the patient had mild proptosis of RE with downward displacement and fullness in superotemporal quadrant. No palpable mass was felt, and finger insinuation was possible, the swelling did not change in size on bending, coughing, and not pulsatile, and no bruit was heard. Visual acuity, color vision, and confrontation were normal. Mild ptosis with minimal abduction and elevation restriction was noted. MRI orbits revealed well defined fusiform, lobulated, extraconal soft tissue lesion in the superotemporal aspect causing abaxial proptosis with scalloping and thinning of bony orbital roof. Histopathology reveals features suggestive of cavernous hemangioma. Even though the most common location of cavernous hemangioma is intra-conal, its extra- conal occurrence also possible and needs high suspicion.

Cervicomedullary cavernous hemangioma presenting as spinal shock syndrome and dysfunction: A case report

Cavernomas are rare congenital benign angiographically occult vascular malformations of brain

S3319 Metastatic Biliary Cholangiocarcinoma With Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting as Acute Cholangitis: A Case Report

S3319 Metastatic Biliary Cholangiocarcinoma With Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting as Acute Cholangitis: A Case Report

Benign testicular cavernous hemangioma presenting with acute onset: A case report.

Cavernous hemangioma is a congenital, benign vascular tumor that occurs in the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Testicular cavernous hemangioma is extremely rare, mostly occurring during childhood or adolescence. Testicular cavernous hemangioma is a benign tumor that appears as a slowly growing painless mass. In rare cases, it may be associated with acute testicular infarction or torsion with acute onset. We herein report the case of a patient with an atypical presentation of testicular cavernous hemangioma, characterized by acute painful testicular enlargement triggered by minor injury. The patient underwent right radical orchiectomy, and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of testicular cavernous hemangioma. Although this is a rare tumor, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of testicular tumors.

Jejunal cavernous hemangioma presenting with small bowel obstruction in a toddler

Abstract Vascular malformations involving the gastrointestinal tract are uncommon and have a variety of clinical presentations. In this paper, we present a case of a jejunal vascular malformation presenting as a small bowel obstruction in a 2-year-old boy. After clinical and radiologic evaluation, the patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy during which a jejunal mass was identified as the cause of the obstruction and was removed. Pathologic diagnosis confirmed the mass as a benign cavernous hemangioma within the jejunum. The patient recovered well post-operatively.

Mediastinal Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting as a Cardiophrenic Angle Mass: A Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: Mediastinal hemangiomas are uncommon benign vascular tumors. They are histologically classified into capillary, cavernous, and venous types, according to the size of their vascular spaces. Phleboliths, multiple enhanced vessels, and peripheral puddling of contrast enhancement are the typical diagnostic features on computed tomography (CT). The cardiophrenic angle (CPA) area is a particular area of mediastinum and diseases in this region are rare but various. This paper describes a case of cavernous hemangioma located in the right CPA, lacking the typical CT imaging findings, that was definitively diagnosed after surgery. Case Presentation: On March 20, 2017, a 38-year-old woman referred to Da-Ping hospital, which is a level III military hospital affiliated to the Army Medical University, Chongqing, China. She had a three-week history of intermittent cough, dull aching chest pain, and occasional palpitation. Her general physical examination and other routine lab tests and tumor markers were reported within the normal ranges. One day later, the chest plain CT showed a well-defined and non-invasive mass with soft-tissue density interspersed with a fatty ingredient in the right CPA with contrast agent. The tumor demonstrated non-enhancement neither in the arterial phase nor in the venous phase, and no apparent feeding vessels to the tumor were identified. It was initially suspected to be a benign ectopic thymoma. On March 27, 2017, the tumor was completely resected by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Post-operative histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of cavernous hemangioma. The patient was in good condition at a five-month follow-up. Conclusions: Mediastinal cavernous hemangioma should be considered as an important differential diagnosis of mediastinal masses even though it is rare. Chest CT is useful in providing valuable information on the origin and invasiveness of the tumor, evaluating the relationship between tumors and intrathoracic vessels, and mapping the blood supply of tumors to select more suitable operative intervention.

A Rare Presentation of Cavernous Hemangioma of Both Inferior Turbinates

The nasal cavity presents with various types of neoplasms, including epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. Cavernous hemangioma of nasal cavity is quite rare. It usually presents as a unilateral mass arising from mucosa of nasal cavity.
 Case Report 
 We describe here, a case of 25-year-old serving soldier, who was referred to our hospital with a mass in both nasal cavities with bilateral nasal obstruction. On examination, the mass originated from the inferior aspect of inferior turbinate of both sides. Subsequently on histological examination after complete endoscopic excision revealed that the mass was a cavernous hemangioma arising from both inferior turbinates.
 Discussion
 To our knowledge, this is the first case of cavernous hemangioma arising from both inferior turbinate reported in literature.

Cavernous hemangioma presenting during pregnancy: A detailed literature review

Cavernous hemangiomas (CH) are occult vascular malformations, typically presenting as hemorrhage within a cerebral hemisphere, or as seizures. Brainstem and cerebellar locations of these lesions are less commonly described. Potentially very serious, they tend to result in severe deficits or death. We review the existing scientific literature on their presentation and course during pregnancy. Relevant cases were identified through electronic searches of multiple internet search databases, including PubMed, SciSearch, Scientific Commons, Springer Link, and Google, using advanced search functions and multiple search terms, using both American and British spellings. Detailed literature review revealed, including our own single case, 26 patients, ranging from 15 to 37 years, with 28 episodes of CH presenting during pregnancy. Two thirds occurred in the third trimester. Supratentorial lesions all presented with seizures, but without neurological deficits or documented hemorrhage, and all patients did well. Conversely, infratentorial lesions always presented with neurological deficits, usually with hemorrhage and never with seizures, and outcomes were quite variable, including maternal and fetal deaths. CHs are rare in pregnancy, but can affect pregnant women of any age, tending to occur in the 3rd trimester. Supratentorial CH present with seizures and patients generally do well. CH within the brainstem present with hemorrhage, and such patients have a guarded prognosis. If far enough into gestation, immediate delivery of the fetus and resection of the lesion are recommended.

Unusual Presentation of Laryngeal Cavernous Hemangioma

ABSTRACT Cavernous hemangioma is a rare tumor of the adult larynx. These hemangiomas are confined to the larynx and generally asymptomatic. We present a rare case of a huge cavernous hemangioma in a 22-year-old patient who presented with stridor and a huge swelling in the neck, of acute onset. Detailed evaluation including 70° Hopkins laryngoscopy, contrastenhanced computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a vascular malformation with both intra- and extralaryngeal components. The typical findings of hemangioma with its management are highlighted in this article. Postoperatively, patient's voice improved and the stridor was relieved. How to cite this article Lodha J, Sharma A, Dabholkar J, Virmani N. Unusual Presentation of Laryngeal Cavernous Hemangioma. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(2):67-69.

Erratum to: Pontine Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting with Horizontal Gaze Palsy

Erratum to: Pontine Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting with Horizontal Gaze Palsy

Mid-Thoracic Epidural Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting as Subacute Paraparesis

Introduction: Epidural cavernous hemangioma is a rare cause of spinal cord compression and is not often considered in the differential diagnosis of cord compressive lesions. Preoperative radiologic diagnosis is not straightforward and intraoperative appearance of the lesion during surgical decompression is often when the diagnosis is first suspected. We present a rare case of myelopathy secondary to cord compression due to an epidural cavernous hemangioma. Case Presentation: A 72-year-old woman presented with back pain and recurrent falls secondary to lower limb paraparesis and reduced sensation. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an extradural mass at T4 to T5 vertebral levels with extension into the right T4/T5 exit foramina. The mass was well marginated and there was no bone involvement. Compression of the adjacent thecal sac was observed, with displacement to the left side. Radiologic differential diagnosis included schwannoma and meningioma. The patient underwent urgent T4 to T6 laminectomy. Intraoperatively, the tumor was purely extradural and was dark purple in appearance. Total excision of the mass was possible because of preserved planes all around. Histopathology revealed cavernous hemangioma. Postoperatively, the patient’s back pain completely resolved with mild improvement in power in her lower limbs. Conclusions: We present a rare case of spinal cord compression due to an epidural cavernous hemangioma. Although rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spinal epidural cord compression. Expert and careful evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging may help to diagnose this lesion preoperatively and allow for adjunctive intervention such as radiotherapy or embolization, making subsequent surgical resection safer.

Genetic Analysis of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 (MEN1) Leads to Misdiagnosis of an Extremely Rare Presentation of Intrasellar Cavernous Hemangioma as MEN1.

BackgroundMultiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare inherited disorder characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of endocrine tumors in target tissues (mainly the pituitary, endocrine pancreas, and parathyroid glands). MEN1 is caused by mutations in the MEN1 gene, which functions as a tumor suppressor and consists of one untranslated exon and nine exons encoding the menin protein. This condition is usually suspected when we encounter patients diagnosed with tumors in multiple endocrine organs, as mentioned above.MethodsA 65-year-old woman who underwent surgery for a pancreatic tumor (serous cystadenoma) 5 years previously was referred to our hospital due to neurologic symptoms of diplopia and left ptosis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3.4-cm lesion originating from the cavernous sinus wall and extending into the sellar region. It was thought to be a nonfunctioning tumor from the results of the combined pituitary function test. Incidentally, we found that she also had a pancreatic tumor, indicating the necessity of genetic analysis for MEN1.ResultsGenomic analysis using peripheral leukocytes revealed a heterozygous c.1621G>A mutation in the MEN1 gene that was previously reported to be either a pathogenic mutation or a simple polymorphism. We pursued a stereotactic approach to the pituitary lesion, and microscopic findings of the tumor revealed it to be an intrasellar cavernous hemangioma, a rare finding in the sellar region and even rarer in relation to oculomotor palsy. The patient recovered well from surgery, but refused further evaluation for the pancreatic lesion.ConclusionThere is great emphasis placed on genetic testing in the diagnosis of MEN1, but herein we report a case where it did not assist in diagnosis, hence, further discussion on the role of genetic testing in this disease is needed. Also, in cases of pituitary tumor with cranial nerve palsy, despite its low prevalence, intrasellar cavernous hemangioma could be suspected.

Large Cavernous Hemangioma of the Kidney Mimicking a Renal Cancer: A Diagnostic Challenge

Abstract : Cavernous hemangioma of the kidney is an uncommon benign vascular tumor that is rarely diagnosed preoperatively. We report a case of a large renal cavernous hemangioma presenting as a renal cancer.

Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting as a Vulvar Mass in a 10 Year Old Female

Cavernous Hemangioma Presenting as a Vulvar Mass in a 10 Year Old Female