Causes Of Occupational Accidents Research Articles

The Effect of Stop Motion Video as An Examination Media on The Knowledge and Safe Behavior of PT. X Metal Casting Industry Workers in Klaten

A work accident is one of the risks that can occur in the metal casting industry. Workers' unsafe behavior is the primary cause of occupational accidents. The definition of unsafe behavior is any human behavior that can allow work accidents to occur to oneself or others. The preliminary study results found that 100% of workers had work accidents due to unsafe behavior, and out of 19 workers, 47.3% had insufficient knowledge about unsafe behavior. Counseling using video stop motion is one effort that can be used to overcome. This research aims to investigate the impact of counseling using video stop motion media on enhancing workers' knowledge and safety practices in the metal casting industry. This type of research is a quasi-experiment with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The experimental group consisted of the workers in the finishing section, while the control group consisted of the workers in the induction section. The Wilcoxon test analysis reveals a significant difference in knowledge and behavior values between the pre-test and post-test, resulting from the use of video stop motion media. Media. The Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in the mean value of differences in knowledge and behavior in the pre-test and post-test between the experimental and control groups with a significance value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Video stop motion has the effect of increasing the value of knowledge and safe action among industry workers.

İL ÖZEL İDARELERİNİN İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ UYGULAMALARINDA İNSAN KAYNAKLI RİSKLERE YÖNELİK KÖK SEBEP MODELİ ÖNERİSİ

Special provincial administrations are autonomous institutions based on the efficiency and effectiveness of local public services, where the people of the region contribute more to the management and democratic elements find a more comprehensive development environment. Local services provided by private administrations directly affect human life.
 The aim of the study is to propose a root cause model for risks based on human factors in the occupational health and safety (OHS) practices of special provincial administrations. In the research, OHS practices in special provincial administrations were examined. In the section, the importance of OHS in special provincial administrations, the causes of occupational accidents and occupational diseases, and the measures that can be taken to prevent occupational accidents and occupational diseases are included.
 The research was conducted on employees of special provincial administrations. While the population of the research consists of 11,463 people working in special provincial administrations, the sample was determined as 372 people with a confidence level of 0.95 and a margin of error of 0.05, and the study was conducted with 372 people. SPSS 22.00 was used to analyze the research data. Independent sample t-test was used to compare independent pairs of groups, and one-way variance test was used to compare three or more independent groups. In the study conducted on human-induced risks, OHS practices scores were compared according to the demographic information of the participants, and the relationship between the sub-dimensions and the root cause were examined. The direct and indirect effects of the root problem and cause factor on work accidents were examined. In addition, a root cause analysis was made in the research and a model proposal was made for human-induced. 
 Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety, Special Provincial Administrations, Occupational Accident

Statistical analysis of the severity of occupational accidents in the mining sector

Introduction: The aim of this paper is to understand the causes of occupational accidents in Spain’s mining sector in order to propose action plans and improve future accident rates. Method: This research analyzed a pool of data on 15,032 accidents occurring in the mining sector and reported to authorities between 2013 and 2018. Accidents are divided into three levels of severity: light, serious, and fatal. We study the influence of 12 variables on the accident severity rate in our sample. Results: The results show that accident severity is related to age, gender, nationality, length of service, economic activity, company size, accident location, days of injury leave, day of the week, deviation, injury, and specific Spanish region. This sector produces a high rate of serious accidents compared to all other sectors; has a male-dominated, older and experienced workforce; and employs mainly Spanish workers. Its activity is concentrated in larger companies and the work involves the use of heavy machinery and dangerous materials. We offer conclusions and future lines of research to help regulators, companies and workers to improve worker safety.

Psychological Determinants of Turkish Farmers’ Health and Safety Behaviors: An Application of the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior

Background: Structural and behavioral factors are among the causes of occupational accidents in agriculture. The SACURIMA Cost network developed a questionnaire to measure the determinants of farmers’ safety behavior based on the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB). Extended TPB adds subjective norms, subjective control, physical barriers and safety culture to TPB. Objective: The aim of this study is to test the psychometric properties of the “Farmers Safety Behaviors questionnaire” developed by the SACURIMA Cost network. Methods: A Turkish version of the questionnaire was applied to 305 farmers producing six different agricultural products in Turkey. The tool consists of 64 items measuring the determinants of four risk-related behaviors (fall prevention, machine handling, chemical-pesticide use, and animal handling) in a single extended TPB model. Results: The alpha values for the six dimensions ranged from 0.69 to 0.89. The confirmatory factor analysis results for all dimensions were at acceptable levels (CFI range = 0.93–0.99; RMSEA range = 0.03–0.09). Four path models were used to test the behaviors and their predictors, and the results were found to be predictive. The criterion and known groups’ validity analyses results were sufficient. Conclusion: The “Farmers Safety Behaviors Questionnaire” is a valid and reliable tool to measure the determinants of occupational safety behaviors in Turkish farmers.

Evaluation of influencing parameters on the causes of occupational accidents in the construction industry using Fuzzy logic-AHP and Pareto theory (case study: Kurdistan province)

Introduction: Statistics show that occupational accidents in the construction industry are relatively high. Also, a significant percentage of these accidents in this industry leads to death. Therefore, in this study, the parameters affecting the causes of occupational accidents in the construction industry were evaluated using the combined method of Fuzzy logic-AHP and Pareto's theory in Kurdistan province, and management and engineering mitigation measures were determined.
 Methods and Materials: In this study, the effective parameters in the occurrence of accidents in the construction industry were identified and a questionnaire based on fuzzy hierarchical analysis was designed and distributed, which was completed by 83 occupational health and safety specialists in the Kurdistan province of Iran. The data analysis was done based on Fuzzy logic-AHP and Pareto theory.
 Results: In the evaluation of this study, out of the set of eight factors, unsafe conditions were found to be the most influential factor. Also, among the sub-factors of this index, the two parameters of lack of scaffolding and safety equipment for working at height and lack of protective fences in existing cliffs were the most important.
 Conclusion: Based on these results, it is suggested that to reduce the occurrence of accidents in this industry, control measures to create safe working conditions at height should be prioritized. Also, paying attention to the parameters determined by the Pareto theory in each factor can easily reduce more than 80% of the causes of occupational accidents in this industry.

Investigating the Work-related Accidents in Iran: Analyzing and Comparing the Factors Associated With the Duration of Absence From Work

Objectives: Work-related accidents as one of the most prominent indicators of safety and health in the industry play an undeniable role in developing and improving the quality of industrial health management. Therefore, their accurate analysis on a large scale is essential. To provide controlling solutions, we aimed to investigate the causes of occupational accidents in Iran for 10 years (2007-2017). Methods: At first, the reports of 10-year work-related accidents were taken from the Social Security Organization, then classified, and entered into SPSS software, version 18.0. Analyses were performed in two stages. Descriptive analyses were initially performed and then multivariate Cox regression was implemented to determine the significance of the effects of the identified factors. Accordingly, six parameters including the cause of the occurrence, gender, type of insurance, time of the accident, marital status, and type of accident were extracted as the effective factors. Next, the effect of each parameter was examined using multivariate Cox regression with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The findings showed that falls and slips (18.3%) and physical strikes (14.6%) were the most common causes of accidents, and carelessness (61.9%) and equipment density (21.1%) had the strongest impact on accidents. Accidents had the highest incidence rate from 9 AM to noon (34.77%). The findings also showed that accident location (P<0.001), cause of the accident (P<0.001), type of insurance (P<0.001), and age (P<0.001) had significant effects on the duration of absence from work. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that the mental condition of workers and workplace design/layout had the strongest impacts on the rate of accidents. Discussion: to control and reduce the risk of occupational accidents, appropriate working situations should be provided.

Determining Critical Cause Combination of Fatality Accidents on Construction Sites with Machine Learning Techniques

The construction industry is fraught with danger. The investigation of the causes of occupational accidents receives considerable attention. The purpose of this research is to determine the hierarchical relationship and critical combination of the fatal causes of accidents on construction sites. The framework for fatal cause attribute was established. Machine learning technologies were developed to predict the different types of accidents. Using feature importance, the hierarchical relationship of fatal causes was extracted. An iterative analysis algorithm was created to quantify the cause combinations. The F1 prediction score was 92.93%. The results revealed that combinations existed in fatal causes analysis, even if they were hierarchical. Furthermore, this study made recommendations for improving safety management and preventing occupational accidents. The findings of this study guide construction participants in providing early warning signs of fatal and unsafe factors, ultimately assisting in the prevention of fatalities.

Evaluation of Root Cause Analysis from Occupational Health and Safety Data in a Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Occupational accidents are increasing every year around the world. The fact that accidents will be repeated as a result of not learning the lessons is constantly forgotten. Occupational accidents should be examined on the basis of the "Root Cause" approach. Within the scope of the information obtained as a result of the analysis studies on the causes of occupational accidents, it is important for the institutions to make a plan in order to prevent the reoccurrence of the accidents. This study was carried out retrospectively to examine the root cause analysis process of occupational accidents that occurred in a state hospital and to examine how it was applied in the health facility. Methods: The population of the research consists of occupational accident records that occurred in a state hospital between January 2018 and April 2021. (N=156). In the analysis of the data; Root cause analysis forms and number-percentage distributions were used to identify all factors that could cause a particular problem. Results: Of those who had occupational accidents, 68.15% were women, 45% were nurses, 25 were cleaning staff and 3% were physicians. Fifty percent of the accidents occurred in inpatient services, 15% in emergency services, and 15% in intensive care units. Causes of accidents; needle-stick injuries (71.8%) are the most common occupational accidents. These injuries are followed by slipping and falling (14.7%). Conclusion: By establishing a safety culture that monitors occupational accidents at the institutional level, evaluates their consequences and develops precautions, the probability of occupational accidents will decrease. And the costs and compensations that will occur after the accident will decrease, and labor and service/production losses will be prevented.

Tersanelerdeki İş Kazası Nedenlerinin Önem Düzeylerine Göre Belirlenmesi

Since approximately 75% of the world's surface is covered with seas and it is economical, the majority of the cargoes subject to international trade are transported by sea. This situation increases the importance of the construction, maintenance and repair of ships, which are transportation vehicles, and therefore the importance of shipyards. Shipyards have important contributions in terms of ensuring the continuity of the maritime transportation system, providing production, employment, foreign exchange income and meeting the defense needs. In addition to these, shipyards are industrial areas where occupational accidents occur frequently, as they contain many business lines. In this context, it is aimed to determine the causes of occupational accidents in shipyards according to their importance levels. The four main criteria that caused the accident by literature review; Alternatives such as "personal factors, material/equipment-related factors, environmental factors, administrative factors" and 19 sub-criteria related to these, such as "organization, ensuring the suitability of the working environment, training and human-machine harmony" have been determined for the prevention of accidents. In order to compare the main criteria and sub-criteria with each other, a questionnaire was prepared using the comparison values of 1-9 and the importance level of the causes of the accident was tried to be determined according to the evaluation of the experts working in the shipyard. The analyzes were made using the Super Decisions v2.1 program, which operates with the AHP method, one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods, depending on the survey evaluations. In the evaluation among the main criteria, "personal factors" came to the forefront as the most important cause of accident. Among the sub-criteria of the personal factor criterion, "psychological/mental problems" came to the fore as the most important cause of accident. In addition, among the alternatives determined for the prevention of accidents, "organization" has resulted as the most important of the measures to be taken.

Identifying, evaluating and prioritizing the causes of occupational accidents in the construction industry using fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS.

The construction industry is one of the most dangerous industries in terms of occupational accidents. Understanding the various factors that affect work-related injuries and deaths in the industry can help develop prevention strategies, improve safety performance and reduce accidents. This applied qualitative study was carried out in several steps to investigate, evaluate and prioritize the causes of occupational accidents in the construction industry. In order to extract the most important criteria in construction accidents, the opinions of safety experts and the qualitative Delphi method were used. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was used to determine the weights of selected criteria and finally, the Fuzzy TOPSIS technique was used to rank the causes of occupational accidents in the construction industry. According to the results, governance, occupational, organizational, individual, and environmental factors were the most determinative options for the cause of construction accidents. Prioritizing the causes of occupational accidents in the construction industry using Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS showed that governance and environmental factors were the most effective and least effective factors in construction accidents, respectively. According to the criteria, and based on fuzzy TOPSIS technique, governance factors were determined to be the primary option for occupational accidents in the construction industry. The results of this study indicate that in addition to organizational factors, individual factors, and environmental factors, the government must also play a role in legislation, law enforcement, implementation, and organization of safety training programs.

Causes of Work Accidents Experienced by Healthcare Workers: A Retrospective Five-Year Study

Occupational accidents are health and safety issues specific to working life. The person, place and time characteristics of work accidents can be examined. Examination of these points will be beneficial in preventing accidents. The aim of this study is to investigate the causes of occupational accidents the healthcare workers in a children’s hospital are exposed to. 
 In this descriptive study, healthcare workers who experienced occupational accidents in a children’s hospital, were included. Occupational accident forms of the Hospital Occupational Health and Safety Unit between 2015 and 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. 
 A total of 100 occupational accidents were reported in the last five years. The mean age of the employees who were exposed to occupational accidents was 32.6±8.5 years. 63% of the employees were women. The mean years of employment of the employees was 8.7±7.3 years. In terms of profession, 70% of the employees were nurses and 19% were cleaning staff. 45% of the occupational accidents occurred in intensive care units and 26% in pediatric clinics. 60% of the accidents occurred in the morning hours. 72% of occupational accidents were needlestick injuries, 9% were falling or bumping, 8% were exposure to blood and other infectious fluids. Most of the NSIs in nurses occurred while applying treatment, drawing blood, establishing vascular access and due to patient movement, respectively. 
 In conclusion, the most common occupational accidents in hospitals are needlestick injuries. Among the employees, those who are exposed to work-related injuries most frequently are nurses and cleaning staff.

Prioritization of Occupational Accident Causes in the Automotive Manufacturing

The automotive industry is a significant contributor to the economy. Additionally, it is prone to occupational accidents. The current study focuses on organizational accidents in high-risk activities, particularly occupational accidents in the automobile and manufacturing industries. This investigation aims to rank and quantify the causes of occupational accidents. These reasons are identified through a literature review and are investigated utilizing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). An AHP model is built based on a literature review. This model created a questionnaire and its evaluation via a survey of experts' opinions. This study shows that the most significant and dominant elements in accidents are human and organizational factors since they receive roughly equal weighting, whereas environmental factors weigh less.

THE CAUSES OF OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS IN HUMAN RESOURCES: THE HUMAN FACTORS THEORY AND THE ACCIDENT THEORY PERSPECTIVE

Background: Despite many precautions have been taken in our country, the number of occupational accidents elevates continously. In the literature, the causes of accidents caused by human error are usually determined by a single theory base. However, according to the combination theorem; The real causes of occupational accidents can only be found by adopting more than one theory. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the causes of occupational accidents in human resources with combination of Human Factors and Accident Theory. Methods : We examined 600 occupational accident reports and our data was analyzed with SPSS version 20.0. Results : Five basic dimensions of occupational accidents related to human resources have been determined. Occupational accidents caused by tiredness and inadequacy differ in favor of the fatal accident type, while the others differ in favor of the injury accident type. The dimensions of tiredness and erroneous behavior differ in favor of the cut injury type, while other accidents differ in favor of the fall from height type. Conclusion: In the context of the combination theorem, the most dangerous causes of occupational accidents due to human resources are overload and ergonomic traps. Tiredness, inexperience and inadequacy dimensions are the among the other most dangerous causes.

Evaluation of an actuated force plate-based robotic test setup to assess the slip resistance of footwear

Slipping is a frequent cause of occupational accidents. This is often due to an insufficient available coefficient of friction (ACOF) of footwear. The aim of this study was to present a footwear ACOF test setup, and to evaluate it based on device requirements presented in the ISO 13287 test standard. One left Airtox TX2 shoe underwent slip resistance measurements under three test modes (Forward flat slip, backward slip on the forefoot at angled contact and forward heel slip at angled contact), with six contaminant conditions (dry steel, dry tile, glycerine on steel, glycerine on tile, canola oil on steel and canola oil on tile). The test setup was successfully able to measure ACOF in close accordance to the ISO 13287 test standard with a good repeatability. Furthermore, the test setup can alter biomechanical and tribophysical testing conditions, which may provide more valid footwear ACOF measurements in the future. Relevance to industryThe setup can accommodate biomechanical and tribophysical testing conditions, hence the setup can be a tool for accessing more valid ACOF measurements - closer to real world slip events. Footwear manufactures or researchers, with the goal of improving footwear slip resistance, can implement the setup.

Personality and impulsivity as antecedents of occupational health in the construction industry

Objectives. In health and safety at work, two main groups of causes of occupational accidents have been identified: unsafe conditions or technical factors; and the causes related to safe behavior or the human factor. The objective of this study is to analyze the predictive variables (emotional intelligence, personality, impulsivity and safety of the work environment) for three factors of the CONS-32 scale (criterion variables: use of protections, personal risk behavior and personal physical workload) in the construction sector. Methods. Using a sample of 256 Spanish workers from this sector, we analyzed the significant correlations between the three criterion variables and a set of variables extracted from various instruments, as well as the regression models that explain most of the variance. Results. The results show that the main predictive variables that explain the three factors are those related to responsibility as a personality trait, impulsivity and safety of the work environment. Conclusions. Based on the empirical evidence found, the most explanatory factor in all cases is safety climate in the work environment.

ON THE QUESTION OF LABOR SAFETY IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MODERN HOUSES ON WATER

Problem statement. Architecture near rivers and other bodies of water reflects the artistic and stylistic features of cities. Modern surface architecture has been devided in two large groups and includes a large number of typological units. The first group is large hydraulic structures (canals, dams, locks, bridges). The second group are the buildings and structures with social and housing functions. Despite the different purposes, the objects of this group have a common structural scheme, which is represented by two components: a floating base and a superstructure [1]. Today buildings on water are very popular all over the world. The main reasons for this are overpopulation of the territory, high taxes on land and others. Such buildings are popular in Germany, the Netherlands, Great Britain, the United States of America, Venice, France, India, the Czech Republic and others. In Ukraine, the construction of buildings on water is promising and may become popular for the following reasons: rather short term of order implementation; long service life (up to 50 years); a large number of mooring places; closeness to nature; privacy of rest and others [2]. Due to the fact that the process of erecting buildings on water is quite complicated and covers several branches of production at once, consideration of the issue of ensuring safe working conditions is relevant and necessary. Also, this issue has its own specifics associated with the selection of workers and ensuring safety when working on water. Purpose of the article is an analysis of the state of safety and organization of safe working conditions during the erection of modern buildings on the water. Conclusions. 1. Fatal injury rates in the construction industry have consistently exceeded those in the mechanical engineering industry in recent years. At the same time, the indicators of fatal injuries in recent years have a tendency to increase and constancy in both industries. 2. The percentage of the main causes of occupational accidents is almost constant. The influence of the main hazardous production factors associated with the construction of buildings on water, for the most part, leads to the occurrence of accidents. 3. Drawing up recommendations for the safe implementation of consistently all stages of the construction of buildings on water is an important issue of our time, since such construction has great development prospects in our country.

A study of the causes of occupational accidents in manufacturing companies

Background: Studies have found that several individual and organizational factors influence the occurrence of accidents. Researchers have also highlighted the need for the development of new accident models. The main aim of this study was to assess the contributing causes of occupational accidents using a questionnaire. Methods: A total of 365 managers and employees participated in the current study from 9 manufacturing companies located in the northwest of Iran. A questionnaire comprising 100 accident causes was used to gather the required data for this study. Results: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) yielded 14 factors contributing to accidents, and confirmatory factor analysis found satisfactory fit indices for the EFA model. The participants reported unsafe acts as the most important factor for the occurrence of accidents. A t-test revealed that participants who received safety training experienced fewer occupational accidents than other respondents. The one-way analysis of variance showed that the companies significantly differed in the perception of accident causes. Structural equation modeling indicated that organizational-managerial factors had a larger effect on individual factors than external factors. Conclusion: The results indicate that providing safety training is necessary to control the employees' unsafe acts. Managers of the companies should pay special attention to the organizational factors affecting the occurrence of accidents. The findings of this study might help the managers to develop more targeted countermeasures for reducing occupational accidents.

Integrated methods for analysing the causal factors in Australian maritime occupational accidents

This study employs the human error assessment and reduction technique (HEART) and its error producing conditions relating to the 4M (man, machine, media, and management) method to analyse the causes of occupational accidents in Australia. It seeks to find the causes of occupational accidents, apply the HEART-4M method to occupational accidents, and redefine generic tasks (GTs) in a maritime work environment. It acquires data from the 2008-2017 Australia Transport Safety Bureau report on merchant ships and analyses 30 occupational accident data reports through HEART-4M. The results consist of the onboard working situation and its relation to a GT, error producing conditions, and human error probability calculations. The most common GT in these accidents was a simple task performed rapidly, routine tasks involving a relatively low level of skill, and complex tasks. Furthermore, most accidents occurred during the loading and unloading of cargo.

The contribution of human error related to occupational accident among traditional divers

ObjectiveThe research aims to identify human error committed by traditional divers while fishing, and to determine the relationship between human error as a cause of occupational accidents at sea. MethodA cross-sectional study with total of 186 traditional divers participated. The data was collected by questionnaires, and analyzing with chi-square test (p-value=0.05). ResultsMore than 83% of respondents had experienced occupational accident and behave human error while diving (81%). Type of human error such as rush of work, never attend safety training and does not have diving certificate, dives more than 30min, continues to work even tired, dives more than once a day, and continues to dive despite bad weather. The types of occupational accidents were slips, scratches, shipwrecks, hit by rocks, and suffered open wounds. The statistical test p value=0.000 (<0.05) and OR=44.883. ConclusionsThere is a relationship between human errors and occupational accident.

Characterization of occupational accidents occurred at the Occupational Health Referral Center of the state of Amapá between 2007 and 2016.

Introduction:Occupational accidents involving biological material have consequences that range from physical damage to public expenses. The study of this topic may help evaluate conducts and form preventive measures.Objectives:To characterize the notifications of occupational accidents involving biological material that occurred between 2007 and 2016 in the state of Amapá, Brazil.Methods:This is an observational, retrospective, and descriptive study with a data analysis that quantified occupational accidents with biological material reported between January 2007 and December 2016 and analyzed the most prevalent risk factors.Results:Data were obtained from the Occupational Health Reference Center of the state of Amapá: 938 cases of occupational accidents with biological material were reported in the studied period. The main type of exposure was percutaneous (75.8%), the most common organic material was blood (68.4%), and the main causative agent was the hollow-bore needle (58.6%). Considering the reported cases, 80.8% of 745 individuals were vaccinated against hepatitis B and 2.4% of 252 individuals had positive anti-HIV. Regarding the clinical progression of the injured workers, in 91.9% of the cases these data were unknown or not recorded, and 47.4% of the patients who provided this information were discharged with no serological conversion.Conclusions:The main causes of occupational accidents were related to the use of sharps for intravenous drug administration and the inadequate disposal of this material, highlighting the need for stronger attention when performing these procedures. The high incidence of unknown/blank data hampered the correct serological follow-up of the patients and the epidemiological characterization of the accidents.