Causes Of Learning Difficulties Research Articles

ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI SISWA DI MAS MINHAJUL AMILIN

AbstractThis research goals to know the students' learning difficulties in class XI on subjects sociology seen from internal factors, external factors and the efforts of teachers to overcome the problem of learning difficulties. The approach used qualitative approach with descriptive methods. This study uses 5 informants. The results showed students' learning difficulties from internal factors of observations and interviews to students note that the students showed the causes of learning difficulties that come from within them, such as having an attitude of learning, motivation, concentrating poor. Less able to demonstrate learning achievement, lack of confidence and poor study habits. Of external factors, family and school environment, lack of supervision and attention from their parents as well as the lack of availability of supporting infrastructure in the learning process causing the child into learning difficulties. The efforts of teachers in overcoming learning difficulties already showed results. Seen from the value obtained by the students after the teacher did stage treatment can reach values minimum completeness (KKM).Keywords: Students’ Difficulties of Studying, TeacherEffort, The Causes

ASPEK-ASPEK KESULITAN PESERTA DIDIK DALAM MEMAHAMI MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI KELAS V SDN PETAPA KECAMATAN PARIGI TENGAH KABUPATEN PARIGI MAUTONG

This study aims to determine the aspects of students' learning difficulties in science subjects in class V at SDN Petapa and to find out the teacher's efforts to overcome students' difficulties in understanding science subjects in class V at SDN Petapa. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were 16 students with learning difficulties in science and class teachers. Data collection techniques using interview techniques, observation and documentation. The data analysis of this research used the Interactive Analysis Model. In obtaining the validity of the data, the researchers conducted a credibility and confirmability test. The results of this study indicate that aspects of students' difficulties in understanding science subjects consist of two aspects, namely internal aspects which include aspects of interest, motivation and self-readiness aspects of students. Next is the external aspect, namely school facilities, teachers and infrastructure. Meanwhile, the teacher's efforts in overcoming learning difficulties in science subjects are diagnosing learning difficulties with the aim of identifying the causes of learning difficulties.

Kesulitan Belajar Siswa SMP mengenai Kemampuan Koneksi Matematis pada Materi Statistika

This study is to analyze the learning difficulties of junior high school students regarding the mathematical connection ability of the statistics material, to analyze students' errors in solving questions and to find out the factors that cause students to experience learning difficulties. The research subjects were 7 students of grade IX in junior high school. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained from written tests and interviews. The results showed that students with high mathematical connection skills did not have difficulty learning concepts, principles and verbal problems, there were only encoding errors in working on questions, students with moderate mathematical connection skills had a little difficulty learning concepts and principles and made transformation errors, process skills errors. , and encoding errors; students with low mathematical connection skills have difficulty learning concepts, principles and verbal problems and make mistakes in all aspects. The causes of learning difficulties and mistakes of students when working on questions are disliking mathematics, lazy learning, teachers teaching too fast, class is not conducive, family attention, unsupportive friends.

PENGARUH PENERAPAN STRATEGI FIRING LINE TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM KELAS VII DI SMP N SUKARAYA KECAMATAN KARANG JAYA KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS

The low understanding of students can be influenced by several factors, namely internal and external factors, and one of the main causes of learning difficulties for students is external factors, such as the use of methods or learning strategies that are wrong, which can make students become bored and less interested in follow the learning process, so that it can affect the understanding of students. This study aims to determine the understanding of Islamic Religious Education by applying the firing line strategy in SMP N Sukaraya, to find out the understanding of Islamic Religious Education without applying the firing line strategy in SMP N Sukaraya and whether there is an effect of applying the firing line strategy to the understanding of Islamic Religious Education students in SMP N 6 Palembang.This research uses experimental research, with a population of 50 students from 2 classes and a sample of 25 experimental class students and 25 control class students using saturated sampling techniques.The results of this study were obtained: 1) the students' understanding of the experimental class was in the high category there were 5 students (20%), for the students' understanding of the moderate category were 13 students (52%) and the students' understanding of the PAI category in the low category were 7 people (28%). 2) understanding of control class students in the high category there are 3 students (12%), for understanding students in the medium category are 19 students (76%) and understanding of PAI students in the low category there are 3 people (12%). 3) There is an effect of the application of the firing line strategy to the understanding of Islamic Religious Education students in SMP N Sukaraya seen from the value of the t test which shows that tcount is greater than ttable namely tcount = 3.89 and ttable = 2.40 with a significant level of 1% so the results t test states that the alternative hypothesis is accepted and the null hypothesis is rejected.

Značaj uvažavanja stilova učenja u nastavnom procesu - primer Kolbovog modela iskustvenog učenja

The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of knowing and respecting the learning styles in the teaching process through the presentation of Kolb's model of experiential learning. The goal is achieved at the theoretical level, using the method of theoretical analysis and content analysis techniques, starting from the analysis of concepts and classifications of learning styles in the most common learning theories, through different ways of respecting learning styles to Kolb's model of experiential learning. Knowledge of learning styles is of multiple importance for pedagogical theory and practice: the acquired knowledge contributes to better knowledge and understanding of students, their way of learning, the quality of teacher-student interaction, but also to shedding light on the causes of learning difficulties and preventing school failure.

UPAYA MEMINIMALISASI DISKALKULIA PADA SISWA KELAS 7G DI SMP NEGRI 2 KARTASURA

This article discusses the existence of disease or dyscalculatic problems experienced by junior high school students, especially in the 7G grade. This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 2 Kartasura. The background of this research is the difficulty of students in understanding the basic concepts of mathematics. Diskalkulia is a form of learning difficulties experienced by children in learning mathematics. In fact, almost all students say that mathematics is the most difficult subject. If it's not difficult that means it's not math. Given the importance of mathematics in science and technology, it is only natural that mathematics becomes a compulsory subject that needs to be mastered and well understood by students in schools. The need for current and future mathematical applications is not only for everyday use, but especially in the world of work, and to support science.The cause of learning difficulties in mathematics is a common problem that often occurs in children in schools, with different types and different levels of difficulty. Problems experienced by students to understand the basic concepts of mathematics are influenced by several factors including internal factors of students who consider mathematics difficult, lack of student interest in learning mathematics. Whereas external factors include, the method used by the teacher in delivering material is less interesting so students feel bored when learning takes place.

Down's syndrome and COVID-19: risk or protection factor against infection? A molecular and genetic approach.

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of learning difficulties and intellectual disabilities. DS patients often present with several congenital defects and chronic diseases, including immunity disorders. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) have been seen, which appear to vary with age. At birth, patients present with combined immunodeficiency, with frequent infections that decrease with age. Furthermore, high levels of IL-4 and IL-10 with anti-inflammatory properties and low levels of IL-6 and TNF-α are described in children. The immune system is believed to play an essential role in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, and it has been associated with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an exaggerated cytokine release syndrome (CRS) that may eventually trigger a severe situation called cytokine storm. On the other hand, genetic features seem to be involved in the predisposition to illness and its severity. Overexpression of DSCR1 and ZAKI-4 inhibits the translocation of activated T lymphocyte nuclear factor (NF-AT) to the nucleus, a main step in the inflammatory responsiveness. We discuss here the possible role of immunology and genetic features of DS in the infection and prognosis in COVID-19.

Kemampuan Guru Melaksanakan Remedial Melalui Pendekatan Direktif

The purpose of this study is to examine the ability of teachers to carry out remedial learning through a directive approach because not all students have the same learning abilities and not all learning runs smoothly, and not all teachers understand and carry out the actual remedial. This study uses qualitative research with descriptive methods. Informant selection technique with purposive sampling. Data collected by interview, observation and documentation. So that the data obtained can be trusted (valid), then in this study triangulation is carried out triangulation of sources and time. The data obtained were analyzed by referring to the Miles and Huberman analysis model with steps namely data reduction, data model (data display) and drawing conclusions. The results of this study explain that in general the fostered teacher has carried out remedial learning and enrichment but has not gone through the analysis of student learning outcomes, the teacher has not made a diagnosis of the causes of learning difficulties and students' failure to answer the questions correctly. The low ability of teachers to carry out remedial learning, due to teachers not yet understanding the nature of the remedial learning. The supervision effort is through the Directive Approach. Researchers believe that through the directive approach, the ability of fostered teachers to carry out remedial learning can be improved, because researchers can clarify, explain, direct, demonstrate, and provide reinforcement in making improvements, mentoring and coaching.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB KESULITAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN AKUNTANSI

This study aimed to: (1) to find out Internal factors that influence student learning difficulties in accounting subjects (2) To find out any external factors that influence student learning difficulties in accounting subjects ;(3) To find out dominant factors influence the causes of learning difficulties in accounting subjects. This research method was quantitative research. The population in this study were all students of class XI Accounting in the odd semester of state vocational high school (SMKN) in Serang City. The validity of the questionnaire instrument was performed by item analysis used the Product Moment correlation formula and the reliability test used the Cronbach’s Alpha formula. The data analysis technique used factorial analysis Confirmatory factor analysis model. The results of this study indicated that: the biggest internal factor that causes the learning difficulties for learners was (1) a physical factor with eigenvalue of 3.735 and a variance value of 19,659% (2) the biggest external factor that caused the learning difficulties were family factors with an eigenvalue of 3.735 and a variance value of 19.6%.

Down’s Syndrome and COVID-19: Risk or Protection Factor against Infection?

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic cause of learning difficulties and intellectual disabilities. DS patients often present with several congenital defects and chronic diseases, including immunity disorders. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL) -6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) have been seen, which appear to vary with age. At birth, patients present with combined immunodeficiency, with frequent infections that decrease with age. Furthermore, high levels of IL-4 and IL-10 with anti-inflammatory properties and low levels of IL-6 and TNF-α are described in children. The immune system is believed to play or play an essential role in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, and it has been associated with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an exaggerated cytokine release syndrome (CRS) that may eventually trigger a severe situation called cytokine storm. On the other hand, genetic features seem to be involved in the predisposition to illness and its severity. Overexpression of DSCR1 and ZAKI-4 inhibits the translocation of activated T-lymphocyte nuclear factor (NF-AT) to the nucleus, a main step in the inflammatory responsiveness. We discuss here, the possible role of immunology and genetic features of DS in the infection and prognosis in COVID-19.

Dificuldades de Aprendizagem em Matemática: percepções de professores do Ensino Médio de uma escola estadual do Rio Grande do Sul

O artigo apresenta reflexões sobre dificuldades de aprendizagem em Matemática a partir de percepções de professores do Ensino Médio de uma escola estadual do Rio Grande do Sul. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa, com aproximações de um estudo de caso. A partir de um estudo bibliográfico sobre Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa, ensino da Matemática e aspectos históricos das dificuldades de aprendizagem em Matemática e de uma pesquisa de campo com cinco professores do Ensino Médio, procuram-se identificar causas das dificuldades de aprendizagem em Matemática. As dificuldades estão relacionadas a fatores intra e extra-escolares, tais como: falta de interesse dos estudantes para aprender; falta de conhecimentos básicos de conteúdos desenvolvidos no Ensino Fundamental e metodologia de ensino. Para mudar tal situação, sugere-se: reorganização curricular, valorizando a postura ativa do estudante e o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências; dinamização de estratégias de ensino; inovação de recursos didáticos; ressignificação do processo avaliativo.

Case Study: Learning Difficulties of Qualitative Research Methodology at Biology Education Postgraduate

Qualitative research methodology courses become a provision for postgraduate students to carry out research, as one of the three obligations of college. The course is a new subject and most students had never practiced it and had never been familiar with the concepts. The aims of the study is to analyzed the causes of learning difficulties and solutions carried out by students and by lecturers in qualitative research methodology courses. This study used a qualitative research approach with a case study design. Data were obtained from questionnaires and interviews with 20 postgraduate students of biology education, Universitas Negeri Malang. Data processing consists of: data reduction, data presentation, and making conclusions. The students experienced main problems in understanding the teaching materials used because it was written in English and the methods in various qualitative studies tend to be similar so causing confusion. Various solutions are carried out by students, for example: conducting discussions, compiling concept maps, and conducting qualitative research practices. Supporting lecturers have main difficulty in assessment. Lecturers take advantage of online media to facilitate assessment. The findings of this study provided alternative solutions for lecturers and students who take qualitative research methodology courses in order to minimize the constraints.

The analysis of students’ learning difficulties on system of linear equation in two variables topic

This study objectives was to determine student’s error profile, student’s misconception, cause of student misconception, and students learning difficulties on system of linear equation in two variables topic. The research was carried out by giving test of concept understanding on that topic. Subject of the study were junior high school students who had studied the topic. The results of the study revealed that there were the students’ error profile, six students’ misconception profiles, four causes of students’ misconceptions, and seven causes of learning difficulties. Based on the results of the students test it was found 71% of students had difficulty in determining the solution of system of linear equations in two variables algebraic form. This indicated students had difficulty in using, utilizing, and choosing a particular procedure on this topic. In addition, from the results of teacher’s interview, it was found one of the cause students’ misconception to be the inaccuracy definition of system of linear equation in two variables (SLETV). Students learning difficulties were mostly derived from student learning activities at school.

Kepraktisan dan Keefektifan Handout Populasi Tumbuhan Hutan Pantai Tabanio Sebagai Materi Pengayaan Mata Kuliah Ekologi Tumbuhan

One of the causes of learning difficulties in the population concept is that there are not many locally-based materials. The purpose of this study was to obtain a Handout of Plant Populations of the Tabanio Coastal Forest as a practical and effective Plant Ecology Enrichment Course. This research is a development research using Education Design Research (EDR) design through formative evaluation of the Tessmer model at the small group test stage to determine the practicality of expectations and the effectiveness of expectations from the developed Handout. The subjects of this study were 10 students of the Biology Education Study Program, FKIP University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarmasin with the object of research being plant population structures found in the coastal forest of Tabanio, Tanah Laut Regency. The results of the research show that the teaching materials in the form of handouts developed are very practical and very effective to be used as material for enriching the population concept in improving learning outcomes for the Plant Ecology course.

Protocol for a transdiagnostic study of children with problems of attention, learning and memory (CALM)

BackgroundA substantial proportion of the school-age population experience cognitive-related learning difficulties. Not all children who struggle at school receive a diagnosis, yet their problems are sufficient to warrant additional support. Understanding the causes of learning difficulties is the key to developing effective prevention and intervention strategies for struggling learners. The aim of this project is to apply a transdiagnostic approach to children with cognitive developmental difficulties related to learning to discover the underpinning mechanisms of learning problems.MethodsA cohort of 1000 children aged 5 to 18 years is being recruited. The sample consists of 800 children with problems in attention, learning and / memory, as identified by a health or educational professional, and 200 typically-developing children recruited from the same schools as those with difficulties. All children are completing assessments of cognition, including tests of phonological processing, short-term and working memory, attention, executive function and processing speed. Their parents/ carers are completing questionnaires about the child’s family history, communication skills, mental health and behaviour. Children are invited for an optional MRI brain scan and are asked to provide an optional DNA sample (saliva).Hypothesis-free data-driven methods will be used to identify the cognitive, behavioural and neural dimensions of learning difficulties. Machine-learning approaches will be used to map the multi-dimensional space of the cognitive, neural and behavioural measures to identify clusters of children with shared profiles. Finally, group comparisons will be used to test theories of development and disorder.DiscussionOur multi-systems approach to identifying the causes of learning difficulties in a heterogeneous sample of struggling learners provides a novel way to enhance our understanding of the common and complex needs of the majority of children who struggle at school. Our broad recruitment criteria targeting all children with cognitive learning problems, irrespective of diagnoses and comorbidities, are novel and make our sample unique. Our dataset will also provide a valuable resource of genetic, imaging and cognitive developmental data for the scientific community.

Astigmatism correction for distance and near vision

The clarity of the retinal image decreases as a result of non-corrected astigmatism. It contributes to the deterioration of the quality of vision and to a blurred vision. Thus, a clear vision can be achieved neither at distance nor when looking at nearby objects. Such blurry vision leads to asthenopia, headache, migraine, decreased reading speed and finally can become a cause of learning difficulties for a child or a student. In order to avoid such difficulties, there is a need to correct even a low degree of astigmatism and thus create the conditions under which the binocular system could work properly. First of all, we are talking about the correlation between accommodation, convergence and heterophoria, which should all work in cooperation. Only in conditions of emmetropia, i.e. single focus on the retina, the binocular system can work correctly, reducing symptoms and visual overload.

Working Memory Updating Training Improves Mathematics Performance in Middle School Students With Learning Difficulties.

Working memory (WM) deficit is considered the key cause of learning difficulties (LDs). Studies have shown that WM is plastic and thus can be improved through training. This positive effect is transferable to fluid intelligence and academic performance. This study investigated whether WM updating ability and academic performance in children with LDs could be improved through WM updating training and explored the effects of this training on the children’s brain activity. We used a running memory task lasting approximately 40 min per day for 28 days to train a group of 23 children with LDs (TLDs group). We also selected two control groups of 22 children with LDs (CLDs group) and 20 children without LDs (normal control [NC] group). The behavioral results of a pretest indicated that WM updating ability and academic performance in the TLDs and CLDs groups were significantly lower than those in the NC group before training. Compared with the CLDs group, the TLDs group exhibited significant performance improvement in a 2-back WM task, as well as in mathematical ability. Event-related potentials (ERPs) results suggested that the amplitudes of N160 (representative of visual recognition) and P300 (representative of updating processing, which is a valid index for updating WM) in the TLDs and CLDs groups were markedly lower than those in the NC group before training. In the TLDs group, these two components increased considerably after training, approaching levels similar to those in the NC group. The results of this study suggest that WM updating training can improve WM updating ability in children with LDs and the training effect can transfer to mathematical performance in such children. Furthermore, the participants’ brain activity levels can exhibit positive changes. This article provides experimental evidence that WM updating training could mitigate the symptoms of LDs to a certain degree.

Prevalence of Otitis Media with Effusion in Children with Hearing Loss.

Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear cleft, with or without intact tympanic membrane. Otitis media is known to be one of the most common childhood infections. Middle ear effusions have been recognized to grab increasing attention because of the problems they pose in both the diagnosis and the treatment, and because of the fear that effusion is the cause of learning difficulties, irreversible middle ear disease, or both. To study prevalence of otitis media with effusion in children with hearing loss. Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted on children with hearing loss ageing between 3 and 15years presenting to ENT OPD of GURU GOBIND SINGH MEDICAL COLLEGE FARIDKOT with complaint of hearing loss from January 2015 to June 2016. Total of 125 children were taken in study. Detailed history and complete ENT examination was done along with pure tone audiometery and impedence audiometery. Most common complaints of patient were otalgia on ototscopic examination majority of patients had congested tympanic membranes. Otitis media with effusion was most common cause of hearing loss. Majority of children diagnosed with otitis media with effusion were in age group of 6-8years of age. Patients with mild hearing loss due to otitis media with effusion, on pure tone audiometery was more as compared to moderate hearing loss. B type of tympanogram was found in majority of cases. The potential of otitis media with effusion to cause a series of sequels and complications such as tympanosclerosis, retraction pockets, adhesive otitis media and hearing or speech impairment makes the disease an important public health problem. To prevent delayed diagnosis which leads to development of this disease, parents must be informed about the preventable risk factors and symptoms for the development of otitis media with effusion.

Students’ Learning Obstacles and Alternative Solution in Counting Rules Learning Levels Senior High School

<p class="Abstract">The counting rules is a topic in mathematics senior high school. In the learning process, teachers often find students who have difficulties in learning this topic. Knowing the characteristics of students' learning difficulties and analyzing the causes is important for the teacher, as an effort in trying to reflect the learning process and as a reference in constructing alternative learning solutions which appropriate to anticipate students’ learning obstacles. This study uses qualitative methods and involves 70 students of class XII as research subjects. The data collection techniques used in this study is diagnostic test instrument about learning difficulties in counting rules, observation, and interview. The data used to know the learning difficulties experienced by students, the causes of learning difficulties, and to develop alternative learning solutions. From the results of data analysis, the results of diagnostic tests researcher found some obstacles faced by students, such as students get confused in describing the definition, students difficulties in understanding the procedure of solving multiplication rules. Based on those problems, researcher analyzed the causes of these difficulties and make hypothetical learning trajectory as an alternative solution in counting rules learning.</p>

Psychologists can help investigate a major overlooked public health concern

Foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a leading preventable cause of learning difficulties (Roozen et al., 2016). Caused by prenatal exposure to alcohol, the range of conditions within FASD are characterised by brain damage, cognitive deficits and a wide range of behavioural and social difficulties. Psychology graduates have a role to play in raising visibility of FASD, delivering evidence–based interventions and contributing to the research literature to generate knowledge about the developmental trajectories of FASD. In one project currently underway, we are investigating the impact of postnatal traumatic experiences on children with FASD – a combination which unfortunately may be widespread.