Causes Of Students Research Articles

The analysis of students’ learning difficulties on system of linear equation in two variables topic

This study objectives was to determine student’s error profile, student’s misconception, cause of student misconception, and students learning difficulties on system of linear equation in two variables topic. The research was carried out by giving test of concept understanding on that topic. Subject of the study were junior high school students who had studied the topic. The results of the study revealed that there were the students’ error profile, six students’ misconception profiles, four causes of students’ misconceptions, and seven causes of learning difficulties. Based on the results of the students test it was found 71% of students had difficulty in determining the solution of system of linear equations in two variables algebraic form. This indicated students had difficulty in using, utilizing, and choosing a particular procedure on this topic. In addition, from the results of teacher’s interview, it was found one of the cause students’ misconception to be the inaccuracy definition of system of linear equation in two variables (SLETV). Students learning difficulties were mostly derived from student learning activities at school.

Students’ Internal Efficiency in Public Day Schools in Ngoma Sector, Huye District of Rwanda

This study aimed to estimate students’ internal efficiency in Public Day Schools implementing Nine Year Basic Education (9YBE)[1] policy in Ngoma Sector, Huye District of Rwanda. Since the Government of Rwanda embarked on the implementation of 9YBE policy, the remarkable increase has been achieved in students’ enrolments at both primary and secondary education levels. But, little is known about the extent to which the policy has improved the indicators of internal efficiency such as duration of studies, years-input per graduate, survival and wastage rate. Through a descriptive design, data on students’ enrolments and graduation at lower secondary education for the cohort 2013/14 and 2017/18 were gathered from all 2 public day schools in Ngoma Sector by use of a statistical survey questionnaire. A reconstructed cohort analysis of 1000 students for both cohorts was computed and compared. The findings provided evidence that during the school years 2013/2017 there had been an increase in indicators students’ internal efficiency. Nevertheless, dropouts and stagnation have continued to be hindrances to high school internal efficiency at this level of education. The findings suggest further investigation of the causes of students' stagnation and dropout and workable interventions that consider the context of 9YBE policy. [1] 9YBE is an acronym given to Nine-Year Basic Education. According to the Ministry of Education, it is defined as " all children to be able to get an education in nine years, this is made up of six years of primary education and three years of the general cycle of secondary education without paying school fees."

Mathematics Performance of Students in a Philippine State University

Teaching and understanding mathematics is a significant concern in any educational system. Largish efforts are made by various researchers to find out the causes of students’ performance in the subject. Despite every one of these endeavors issues still, endure. The researchers used a descriptive-correlational design to gather data through an adopted survey tool for study habits and attitudes. The study was conducted at the Cebu Technological University San Francisco Campus, Cebu, Philippines. The respondents were the 52 Education students who were enrolled in the mathematics program; they answered the survey of study habits and attitudes. The gathered data were treated using frequency, simple percentage, weighted mean, Pearson r, and t-test. It was found out that there is a significant positive high correlation between the study orientations of the students considering their academic performance in terms of their Graded Point Average (GPA) in Mathematics subjects. It was concluded that the study orientations of students differ. The researchers recommend conducting a further study on the effectiveness of the developed research-based study strategies.

Developing Mathematical Thinking among Polytechnic Students in Linear Algebra through Peer Tutoring Strategy

Thinking is unique to human beings in a way that it makes them the super power creatures of all time. One of the highlighted aspects in producing human capital of high quality is through the concept of thinking skills as it is use in describing thinking that is purposeful, reasoned, and goal directed. The students’ ability to think mathematically and use it in solving linear algebra problems is among the ultimate goal of teaching mathematics at Polytechnic level. Previous research works indicated that lack of pedagogical approach is among the causes of students' misunderstanding of the basic concepts of linear algebra, which gives them the opportunity to generate their own ideas and become effective problem solvers. This research is therefore targeted at developing students’ mathematical thinking processes in linear algebra through peer tutoring. In this study, a quasi-experimental design was adopted and the samples were purposively selected involving 73 NDII students. A self-developed Linear Algebra Test 1&2were used as the research instruments (pretest and posttest). Peer tutoring approach was found to enhance students’ mathematical thinking processes using mean, SD, and independent t-test statistics. The study suggested that students should form group discussions and practice together at the end of each subject so as to: enhance their thinking abilities and overcome challenges and issues in linear algebra.

Identification of elementary school students’ difficulties in mathematical problem-solving

One of the goals of learning mathematics is that students can solve mathematical problems in particular that can then solve problems in everyday life. In the process of solving problems, the skills that students must also possess are the ability to understand the problem, the ability to compose mathematical models of a problem and interpret the solution. In practice, however, students will encounter difficulties in resolving unavoidable problems. The purpose of this study is: 1) to explain the difficulties of students in resolving problem-solving problems; 2) to know the cause of students’ difficulties in resolving problem-solving. The research studies used are qualitative descriptive. The participants of this study are 27 students of class III B in one of the elementary schools in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta. Method of collecting data through problems solving test. Data analysis techniques through the statistical description and content analysis. The results of this study show that 1) students are not used to face problem-solving problems, so that the results of solving problems are very low, (2) students have difficulty in finding keywords from problems in questions, because they don’t know the information or keyword of the problem and tend to guess the solution without going through the completion process (3) Students have difficulty to model the problem into mathematical form (4) Students have difficulty deciding how to resolution of the problem, and 5) students have difficulty in counting operations, so that students interpret conclusions that are not appropriate to the problem. Therefore, this results of the research will lead to inform the teachers, in order to improve students’ mathematical problem solving skills.

Using Four-Tier Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test to Identify Misconception Profile of 12th Grade Students In Optical Instrument Concepts

During physics learning process, quite often students experience a misunderstanding between their initial knowledge on certain concept in physics and that was taught in class by teacher. For example, students’ initial knowledge on Optics was that a white object can emit light so that someone can see the object even though the object is in a dark room. Meanwhile, in Physics concept, an object can only be seen by eyes only when there is light that hits the surface of the object and the light is reflected back by the object in all directions, including reaching to the eyes. This misunderstanding quite often leads to misconceptions. Such misconceptions should be detected as early as possible so as not to disturb student’s understanding on the other concepts. This present study aims to analyse the misconceptions profile of 12th grade students in Senior High School 1 Cerme Gresik East Java in “Optical Instruments ” concepts using the developed four-tier multiple-choice diagnostic test. Identification on the causes of students’ misconceptions, especially that arising from theirselves was also presented. The most frequent misconception found is on the sub concepts of: 1) “Eye and Camera” caused by student’s wrong preconceptions, 2) “Lup” due to associative thinking and 3) “Microscope” due to intuitive thinking. Meanwhile, for the “ Binocular” concept, almost all students have had scientific conception, meaning that they have understood the concept well.

The Effects of Anxiety Toward Acehnese Students' English Speaking Ability

In this study, we analyzed the effects of speaking anxiety of Acehnese students in English learning classroom by looking at the causes of students’ speaking anxiety and their strategies in coping with it. The researchers used purposive sampling to select the participants of this research. Ten respondents from sophomore students of Department of the English Education at Teacher Training Faculty of Ar-Raniry State Islamic University in Aceh, Indonesia were selected by identifying their answers of Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety questionnaires developed by Horwitz et al. (1986). To have in-depth information on the subject matter, a semi-structured interview was employed. The results of this research showed that speaking anxiety caused some negative effects to Acehnese students’ speaking ability, which could be observed through the difficulties in constructing sentences and expressing the idea when they spoke in the target language. Low self-confidence, lack of competency, and being afraid of making mistakes were some of the factors considered as the major causes of speaking anxiety that could debilitate students’ classroom participation.

An Analysis of Students' Errors to Find the Result Reflection in Coordinate Plane Based On in the Newman Error Analysis Nints-Grade Students of Junior High School 2 Sampit

This study aimed to determine the types and the causes of students' errors in finding the results of reflection in the field of coordinates based on the Newman problem-solving. This research used descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The data collection techniques were written test and a structured interview with the research subjects were Nints-grade students of Junior High School 2 Sampit. Based on the results of the data analysis, there were errors made by students, namely: (1) there were no mistakes in the problem of reading stage, (2) students were not able to write down the known and asked even though students understood the questions presented in the stage of understanding the problem, (3) did not change the questions into a coordinate field in the stage of transformation problem, (4) misplaced of the result reflection and miscalculating the result of reflection on the process skill stage, (5) did not writing down the answers or conclusions in the writing answers stage.

TIRAIPADA UTTIYAI PAYANPADUTTI MAANAVARKALIN PEYARECCAM KADRALAI MEEMPADUTTUTHAL

இலக்கணத்தைப் பிழையின்றியும் புரியும்படியாகவும் மாணவர்களுக்குக் கற்பிப்பதில் ஆசிரியர்களின் பங்கு அளப்பெரியது. ஆகவே, ஆசிரியரின் கற்றல் கற்பித்தலை விளைபயன்மிக்கதாய் அமைத்துக் கொள்ளவும் இலக்கணக் கற்றலைக் குறிப்பாகப் பெயரெச்சம் கற்றலை ஆர்வமூட்டும் வகையில் கொண்டு செல்லவும் இந்த ஆய்வு மேற்கொள்ளப்பட்டது. பெயரெச்சம் கற்றலில் மாணவர்கள் எதிர்நோக்கும் சிக்கல்களுக்கான காரணங்களைக் கண்டறியும் நோக்கத்திலும் திரைப்பட உத்தியைப் பயன்படுத்தி பெயரெச்சம் கற்றலை மேம்படுத்தும் நோக்கத்திலும் இவ்வாய்வுக் கட்டுரை எழுதப்பட்டது. இவ்வாய்வுக்கான தரவுகளைத் திரட்ட பள்ளி ஆசிரியர்கள் நேர்காணல் செய்யப்பட்டனர். மேலும், பதினைந்து மாணவர்களுக்குக் கேள்வி நிரல் வழங்கப்பட்டு மாணவர்களின் சிக்கலுக்கான காரணங்கள் அடையாளம் காணப்பட்டன. மாணவர்களின் ஆளுமையை அறிய முன்னறித் தேர்வும் செய்யப்பட்டது. தொடர்ந்து, திரைபடங்களில் உள்ள வசனங்களையும் பாடல்களையும் நகைச்சுவைகளையும் பயன்படுத்திப் பெயரெச்சம் கற்றல் மேற்கொள்ளப்பட்டுப் பின்னர், பின்னறித் தேர்வு வழங்கப்பட்டு மாணவர்களின் மேம்பாடு அறிப்பட்டது. இலக்கணம் கற்றுக் கொடுக்கும் ஆசிரியர்களுக்கு இந்த ஆய்வுக் கட்டுரை பயனளிக்கும் என்று நம்பப்படுகிறது. [One of vital role of language teachers is teaching students to understand grammar accurately. Therefore, the study was undertaken to make the teachers’ learning effective and to make grammar learning particularly noun learning. The paper was written to identify the causes of students' problems in learning adjectives and to promote learning adjective using film technique. School teachers were interviewed to collect data for this study. In addition, fifteen students were given a questionnaire and the causes of the problem were identified. A pre-test were given to determine the status of the respondents. Subsequently, after the adjective learning was done using the subtitles, songs and jokes in the films, a post-test was given and the student's improvement was well seen. It is hoped that this study will be useful for teachers who teach grammar.]

Misconception Profile of Newton’s Law Concept Using Certainty of Response Index (CRI)

Misconception is an understanding that is believed to be correct but not according to the understanding of the experts. Misconceptions can occur because students build their knowledge gained from daily activities. This study aims to identify misconceptions about Newton's law concept and the causes of the misconceptions. The research type is descriptive quantitative. A total of 30 students of SMA Multazam IBS Semarang were given a true-false objective test and drew a style diagram accompanied by a certainty of response index (CRI). The cause of the misconception was obtained by interviewing 4 students. The results obtained were as many as 20.99% of students experienced misconceptions, 9.99% of students understood the concept, and 69.02% did not understand the concept of Newton's law concept. The most common misconception is that students think that heavier objects will fall faster than lighter objects. The cause of students experiencing misconceptions is the understanding they build themselves; students' carelessness in choosing answers; low reasoning ability; and forget the material that has been delivered.

Why Do the Students Do Disruptive Behavior in English Classroom? A Case Study On Senior High School Students in One of the Small Town in Indonesia

A conducive learning situation is essential in learning English. However, one problem that usually disturbs the learning situation is the appearance of disruptive behavior. Students' disruptive behavior is an inappropriate behavior conducted by students during the learning process which turns the classroom into unconducive. Exactly, there are several factors contribute to the occurrence of disruptive behavior in the English lesson, especially on senior high school students. Thus, the current study was a case study aimed to investigate several causes of students' disruptive behavior in English teaching-learning process in the classroom. The subjects of this study consisted of an English teacher and a class of twelfth-grade students in a small town in Indonesia. The data were collected using observation and interview. The result of this study showed that students' disruptive behavior in the English classroom was caused by internal factor and external factor. Feeling boredom, feeling anxiety, and seeking attention were internal factor that became the occurrence of disruptive behavior. While fatigue was the external factor that causes the emergence of students' disruptive behavior in the English teaching-learning process in the classroom. 
 
 Keywords
 Disruptive Behavior, English Classroom, Senior High School Students, Teachers’ Management

INDONESIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION ON INSTRUCTOR-INITIATED WRITING ACTIVITIES

The recent literature of writing studies suggests that there is a possibility of different perception between instructor and university students on what causes students’ writing reluctance which leads to ineffective writing teaching activities initiated by the instructor. Such ineffective teaching has, then, become the main cause of students’ disengagement in writing classes at university. This paper is aimed at exploring the perception from students’ side as the targeted individuals within the teaching process itself. In order to describe such perception, a critical literary review of previous studies from the relevant area is employed. It is argued that students’ perception on instructor-initiated writing activities are influenced by pedagogical consequences, learner’s linguistic competence, and their original perceptions of the English writing skill. This investigation has found that it is very crucial for instructors to design activities that engage students in three dimensions: cognitive, behavioural, and emotional. The study also finds that instructors' selection of teaching strategies influences students' motivation extrinsically in the form of reinforcement, or in contrast, degradation of their motivation. Finally, this study confirms it is possible for students to respond pedagogical activities differently from the expectation of the instructors.

The preliminary study on inverted problem-based learning in biology among science foundation students

<span>The emergent of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Education in Malaysia has embarked challenges in higher education system. Conventional teaching methods often cause lower learning gain, fear and bad perceptions among students. The old initiative may also be the cause of students’ demotivation, lower interest in learning a subject or even dropouts. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of an inverted classroom by using the problem-based method in Biology subject among science foundation students. Students were divided into two groups; experimental (EG) and control (CG) group. A topic in Biology had been selected, and an assessment paper was given to both groups before and after the intervention session. The EG would experience self-learning through given materials and asked to conduct a problem-based learning study case. Meanwhile, the CG would obey the conventional teaching method before given a similar study case. The result reported significant improvement in assessment marks for EG group compared to the CG group. The students’ comparison between the pre- and post-test implies that they have shown positive improvement in understanding the content of the subject tested. This finding will serve as a primary platform to improvise and enhance teaching and learning methodology in biology subject for foundation level.</span>

The Status and Contributing Factors for Students’ Dropout in Primary Schools of Pastoralist Areas of Sewena Woreda, Bale Zone, Oromia

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status and contributing factors for students’ dropout in primary schools of pastoralist areas of Sewena Woreda, Bale Zone, Oromia. Pragmatism as a philosophical assumption was employed. The mixed research method more specifically concurrent triangulation design was used. Both probability and none probability sampling techniques were employed.13 primary schools were randomly selected specifically by using lottery method. 37 (30%) primary school teachers, and 36(30%) dropout returnee students were selected by proportionated simple random sampling technique and Kebele Education Training Board (KETB) members two from each primary schools were purposively selected for the study. 13 primary school principals, ten CRC supervisors and six educational experts were chosen using availability sampling technique. Questionnaires were distributed for 102(teachers, principals, Cluster resource Center (CRC) Supervisors, educational experts and dropouts’ returee students). Interviews were also conduct with 26 purposively selected KETB members. Questionnaires, interview, and document analysis were used as data collection tools; thereby validity and reliability were used to test the quality of instruments. Both quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques were employed. Descriptive statistics like frequency distribution, percentage, mean and standard deviation; inferential statistics ANOVA were used. The research findings concluded that there were six major factors contributing for students’ dropout in the target area. These are social factors, economic factors; school related factors; student related factors; climatic factors and political factors were identified as major and significant dropout factors.The study recommended with emphasis that the government as well as educational stakeholders should design the ways of improving the lives of pastoralists in contacting with different valuable NGOs. In addition, the Government should decide the exact and specific regional boundaries so as to solve the border conflict that brought community migration and displacement being the cause of students’ dropout in both Somalia Regional State and Oromia Regional State. Keywords: Factors, Dropout, Pastoralists, Primary School, Status, DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-34-07 Publication date: December 31 st 2019

EFEKTIVITAS UNIT KEGIATAN MAHASISWA RIJAL RISET DALAM PENINGKATAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH (Studi Analisis Mahasiswa Prodi Hadits STDIIS Jember)

Extracurricular activities are student activities that include reasoning and science, interests and hobbies, efforts to improve student welfare and social service for the community. In this regard, STDI Imam Syafi'i Jember participated in developing the interests and talents and potential of students to be able to compete in the era of globalization. One of the student activity units formed was the Research Rijal Student Activity Unit. Research on this UKM is needed. The reason is because the making of scientific papers that are the product of this unit is a hard thing for students in general.This study aims to explain the cause of students lack of interest in making scientific papers, factors driving students to join Research Rijal UKM, and the contribution of these UKM in improving scientific writing. This research uses a qualitative approach with the type of case study. Data is described descriptively. The analysis used is inductive analysis. Based on its scope, this study takes one site. Data was collected from several documents, observations, and interviews with 17 informants. The main informants in this study were 13 students of the Hadith Sciences Study Program. Then supplemented with additional informants from 3 Ahwal Syakhsiyah Study Program students and P3M supervisors.This research produces several conclusions. First, that the cause of students' lack of interest in making scientific papers is because: (a) students are less interested in writing, (b) lack of ideas and ideas, and (c) the rules for writing scientific papers that are relatively complicated. Second, the factors driving the students of the Hadith Science Study Program to join Research Rijal UKM include: (a) they want to learn the methodology of writing scientific papers, (b) foster interest in reading, (c) practice critical habits of scientific papers, and (d ) develop general writing skills. Third, the contribution of UKM Rijal Research includes (a) giving special lectures to UKM members on how to make good scientific journals and (b) providing further guidance in the completion of scientific papers.

ELT formation course program and pre-service teachers’ perceptions of self-disclosure

Teacher self-disclosure, simply defined, is the intuitive understanding of private feelings, thoughts or experiences between interlocutors. It is revealing information about yourself to others. This revealing is believed crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship between teachers and students which might give cause for students’ engagement, class participation and might boost their foreign language learning. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to investigate the perception of appropriateness of teacher self-disclosure of the pre-service language teachers in Turkish context and to compare whether there is a significant difference between teachers’ beliefs who attended a pedagogical formation course program and who did not. The data was collected from 140 ELL junior students and 77 pedagogical formation course students at a Turkish university through the appropriateness of teacher self-disclosure scale. Compared to the related studies for the appropriateness of pre-service teachers’ perceptions of self-disclosure, the study presents some important similarities but also differences in terms of the topics used in the questionnaire.

COMPARISON OF THE CALCULUS 1 PERFORMANCE OF ENGINEERING STUDENTS FROM STEM AND NON-STEM SHS STRANDS

The study aimed to compare the Calculus 1 performance of engineering students from STEM and non-STEM SHS strands. A total of 486 engineering students comprise the respondents of the study. Of the 486 respondents, 466 students were from STEM SHS strand and 20 students were from non-STEM SHS strand. Data were collected using the (1) Midterm Departmental Exam (MDE), (2) Final Departmental Exam (FDE), and (3) Final Grade. The results revealed that engineering students performed poorly in Calculus 1. Moreover, a significant difference between the performance of engineering students from STEM and non-STEM SHS strands in finding derivatives was found. This showed that engineering students from STEM strand performed better in finding derivatives than the engineering students from the non-STEM strand. Similarly, a significant difference was found between the performance of engineering students from STEM and non-STEM strands in the applications of derivatives. This indicated that engineering students from STEM strand have a better performance in the applications of derivatives than the engineering students from the non-STEM strand. In regard to the Calculus 1 performance of engineering students from STEM and non-STEM strands, a significant difference was also found. The result revealed that engineering students from STEM strand outperformed the engineering students from the non-STEM strand in Calculus 1. The study recommended further investigation of the possible causes of students’ poor performance in Calculus 1 which include revisiting both the SHS and engineering curriculums.

Management of professional training

The planned modernization of the higher education system should be based on the analysis of the initial state of the system at the present time, problems encountered in recent years and suggestions from all stakeholders. The quality of education of graduates (level of competence) depends on the organization and implementation of the educational process (the contribution of the University) and the activity of students (the contribution of students). Considered the expediency of using the results of student’s surveys to adjust the educational process. Shown that the educational program can take into account the propensity of students to a particular type of activity (technologist, organizer, researcher). Determining the causes of students ’ anxiety helps to improve the educational process and relations with students. Argued that the quality of education increases with earlier adaptation of students to the educational environment of the University. It is shown how the degree of formation of volitional qualities of students affects the manifestation of such properties as responsibility, discipline, organization and diligence. The success of professional activities of graduates of educational organizations will be determined by the direction of their life goals. The assessment of life goals of students shows the need for continuous improvement of socio-cultural (educational) environment in universities. Measures for improvement of educational process and improvement of pedagogical qualification of teachers are offered.

Spelling Problems and Causes among Saudi English Language Undergraduates

Arab students who learn English as a foreign language, especially Saudi students, face different challenges during the process of learning of the four English language skills, especially writing and its component (spelling). This paper aims to investigate the preceded causes of students’ spelling errors. The main research question sought to be answered is: What are the causes of spelling errors made by the Saudi university students? The research participants were 15 students in the English Language Department at Tabuk University and 15 English language lecturers from the same department. Group structured interviews were designed for the lecturers and students. The findings reveal that there are different causes of students’ spelling errors such as the education system and university syllabus, students’ learning attitude, and the interference between English and Arabic language. This paper concludes that the spelling errors which Saudi university students commit were caused by the negative impacts of their education system and syllabus, where the syllabus ignores the importance of spelling rules and techniques, and the interference between English and Arabic language when the learners refer to their mother tongue while writing in the English language. It is hoped that the findings revealed in this study will help the policymakers in taking necessary actions in improving the learning experience of Arab learners of English. This paper calls for a reform in the English language teaching in Saudi education system so that spelling is given the required emphasis as it is the foundation of English proficiency.

Difficulties of prospective teachers in solving mathematical problem: PISA on most difficult level

Difficulties in solving mathematical problems, especially non-routine problems, are not only experienced by students but also prospective teachers. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of students’ difficulties in solving mathematical problems specially PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) on most difficult level. Seven prospective teachers of mathematics education from one of the universities in Aceh, Indonesia as respondents selected by purposive sampling. Respondents will take a part in the teaching program at school. Data obtained through a test and interviews were analysed descriptively. The findings show that the respondent has the most difficulty in presenting mathematical concepts, understanding information on the questions, and interpreting the data in the requested design. These three components are so related that it greatly influences the ability of students to solve mathematical problems, especially the word problem. Thus, the attention to these components is very important to do in learning mathematics.