Causative Variables Research Articles

Reflections on the origin of the human pair-bond

Abstract Review of well-known explanations of the origin of the human pair-bond reveals that different causative variables have to be combined. An attempt at such a combination is presented, using the model of autocatalytic processes. Causative factors such as hunting-gathering adaptation, the evolution of the brain, sexual division of labor and demorphism seem to fit the theory of parental investment when they are combined in an autocatalytic process.

Geologic implications in the distribution of endemic goiter in Colombia, South America.

A survey of 37 communities supplied by stream water and receiving iodised salt for the last 10-20 years indicates that the presence of sedimentary rocks in the watersheds of streams more closely correlates with goiter prevalence than 12 other possible causative variables. These results support the hypothesis that sedimentary rocks rich in organic matter are the main source of water-borne goitrogens.

The Provo Experiment in Delinquency Rehabilitation

The Provo Experiment attempts to apply sociological theory to the treatment of delinquents. Delinquency is seen primarily as a group phenomenon and the task of rehabilitation as one of changing the shared delinquent characteristics. However, treatment strategy is concerned not only with causative variables but with the total social system in which treatment must operate. The treatment system attempts to provide a type of social structure which will: (1) permit delinquents to examine the role and legitimacy of authorities in the treatment system; (2) give them the opportunity to examine the ultimate utility of conventional and delinquent alternatives for them; (3) provide the opportunity to declare publicly a belief or disbelief that they can benefit from a change in values; and (4) make peer group interaction the principal rehabilitative tool because it permits peer group decision-making and grants status and recognition, not only for participation in treatment interaction, but for willingness to help others.