Cathode Ray Tube Monitor Research Articles

Patterned edge-illuminated display for clinical examination of visual evoked potentials using simultaneous magnetic resonance imaging

PurposeCommonly used technologies for visual pattern stimulation cannot operate in a magnetic resonance imaging room because they can interfere with the operation of the scanner and are vulnerable to its electromagnetic and magnetic fields. The aim of this single-center prospective observational study was to introduce a novel, structurally uncomplicated, easy-to-maintain, patterned edge-illuminated display (PEID) device for visual pattern-reversal stimulation, compare it with a commonly used cathode ray tube screen, and verify the equivalence of quantitative assays. Materials and methodsThe left and right eyes of 36 healthy participants with undilated pupils were examined on a commercial visual evoked potential (VEP) apparatus and on the PEID device, where pattern-reversal transient VEPs were elicited by checkerboard stimuli with large (0.89°; 0.86°–0.92°) and small (0.21°; 0.20°–0.23°) checks. ResultsThe PEID device demonstrated the required reliability and dynamic characteristics, as well as precise time-locking required for a VEP diagnosis. The results of Deming's correlation analysis showed that both the commercial cathode ray tube monitor and the PEID device produced identical VEP results within the context of experimental uncertainty. The standard deviation of Deming's regression may indicate the uncertainty of the VEPs measured in clinical practice. The Bland-Altman analysis of the mean showed no significant difference in the amplitude and peak time of VEPs measured on the PEID device compared to that of the commercial cathode ray tube monitor. ConclusionsThe presented PEID device meets all the required standards and can be easily installed in various types of commercial magnetic resonance imaging scanners.

Comparison of CRT and LCD monitors for objective estimation of visual acuity using the sweep VEP

PurposeTo investigate the applicability of liquid crystal displays (LCD) as suitable replacement for cathode ray tube monitors (CRT) as stimulator for the sweep VEP for estimating visual acuity.MethodsIn a first experiment, sweep VEPs were recorded in 13 healthy volunteers with best-corrected visual acuity with an LCD and a CRT monitor, respectively. Time-to-peak after stimulus and peak-to-trough amplitudes as well as the visual acuity, estimated using a second-order polynomial and the modified Ricker model, were compared between both monitor types. In a second experiment, sweep VEPs were recorded in six healthy volunteers with two levels of stimulus contrast using artificially reduced visual acuities as well as best-corrected with the same monitors as in the first experiment and additionally, a modern LCD gaming monitor with a response time of 1 ms. Time-to-peak after stimulus and peak-to-trough amplitudes were compared between the different combinations of monitors and contrasts. Finally, visual acuities estimated using the modified Ricker model were compared to subjective visual acuities determined using the Freiburg Visual Acuity and Contrast Test (FrACT).ResultsIn the first experiment, the time-to-peak after stimulus presentation was statistically significantly delayed for LCD displays (mean difference [confidence interval]: 60.0 [54.0, 65.9] ms; t(516) = 19.7096, p < 0.0001). Likewise, peak-to-trough amplitudes were statistically significantly smaller for the LCD stimulator, however, not clinically relevant (mean difference [confidence interval]: − 0.89 [– 1.59, − 0.20] µV; t(516) = − 2.5351, p = 0.0115). No statistically significant effect of the monitor type on the estimated visual acuity was found for neither method, second-order polynomial, nor the modified Ricker model. In the second experiment, statistically significant delays of the time-to-peak after stimulus onset were found for all combinations of monitor and contrast compared to the CRT monitor. A statistically significant, but not clinically relevant, difference of the peak-to-trough amplitudes was only found between the CRT monitor and the LCD gaming monitor (mean difference [confidence interval]: 2.6 [1.2, 4.0] µV; t(814) = 4.66, p < 0.0001). Visual acuities estimated from LCD stimulation significantly underestimated the subjective visual acuity up to 0.2 logMAR using the conversion formula of the first experiment. No statistically significant difference was found when using conversion formulas adjusted for each combination of monitor and contrast.ConclusionsBased on the results of this study, LCD monitors may substitute CRT monitors for presenting the stimuli for the sweep VEP to objectively estimate visual acuity. Nevertheless, it is advisable to perform a calibration and to collect normative data of healthy volunteers using best-corrected and artificially reduced visual acuity for establishing a conversion formula between sweep VEP outcome and the subjective visual acuity before replacing a CRT with an LCD stimulator.

Urgency of technology and equipment upgrades in e-waste dismantling base: Pollution identification and emission reduction

Recycling of electronic waste (e-waste) and inevitable pollution under current technology have always been a concern of people. Generation and release of pollutants in the recycling process of e-waste are closely related to processing technology and equipment. In this paper, the pollution characteristics of different functional areas and critical processing units in formal e-waste dismantling base have been studied systematically and comprehensively. The results showed that the overall pollutants concentration in crushing workshop and cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor disposing workshop are much higher than other functional areas. Screen-cone glass separation for CRT monitor was the processing unit with the greatest exposure risk and the hazard index (HI) of Pb was 4.60. Pollutant emission factor of the main processing units was calculated and the waste printed circuit board (WPCB) crushing was the most polluted unit. Appropriate improvements in technology and equipment can effectively reduce the generation and release of pollutants. Some reasonable prospects about intelligent equipment and special technologies were proposed for e-waste disposal. All the results provided theoretical and data support for pollution control and technology upgrade of the formal e-waste dismantling base.

The 60th Anniversary of TFTs and the Evolution of High‐Resolution Displays

The 60th Anniversary of TFTs and the Evolution of High‐Resolution Displays

Hybrid deep emperor penguin classifier algorithm‐based image quality assessment for visualisation application in HDR environments

One of the main open challenges in visualisation applications such as cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor, liquid-crystal display (LCD), and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display is the robustness for high dynamic range (HDR) environs. This is due to the imperfections in the sensor and the incapability to track interest points successfully because of the brightness constancy in visualisation applications. To address this problem, different tone mapping operators are required for visualising HDR images on standard displays. However, these standard displays have different dynamic ranges. Thus, there is a need for a new model to find the best quality tone mapped image for specific kinds of visualisation applications. The authors propose a hybrid deep emperor penguin classifier to accurately classify the tone mapped images for different visualisation applications. Here, a selective deep neural network is trained to predict the quality of a tone-mapped image. Based on this quality, a decision is made as to the suitability of the image for CRT monitor, LCD display or OLED display. Also, they evaluate the proposed model on the TMIQD database and the simulation results prove that the proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art image quality assessment methods.

Visual Color Difference between Colored-Yarn Mixed Woven Fabrics and Their Instrumentally Measured Colors: the Effects of Individual Yarn Colors and Texture

The study investigated the differences between perceived and instrumentally measured colors of woven fabrics in which different colored yarns are woven together such that they are perceived as solid colors. Cyan, magenta, and yellow yarns were woven together to produce 63 fabrics in a wide range of colors, the values of which were measured spectrophotometrically. The measured colors were generated as solid color images on a calibrated cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor. Then the fabrics were scanned and their scanned images were displayed beside their corresponding solid color images on the CRT monitor to evaluate the visual color difference between them. The results showed that the individual yarn colors and their interlacement on the fabric surface influenced the overall color appearance. Although the woven and solid colors in each pair had identical CIELAB color values, the perceived color difference was as large as 5.68 ΔE*ab,10 on average. Fabrics composed of various colors of yarn were found to have larger visual color differences from their measured colors than those composed of single colors of yarn. The visual color difference varied according to texture, but texture strength, which has been widely reported as a strong parametric factor in visual color difference evaluation, was not shown to have had a consistent effect. This study also examined how the overall color attributes, including the lightness, chroma, and hue, of fabrics affected the visual color difference and developed a predictive model of those effects.

Failure Analysis of an Ambulance Cathode Ray Tube Monitor Bracket

An aluminum alloy ambulance monitor bracket that fractured in-service was analyzed to determine the mode, mechanisms, and causes of its failure. After visual inspection, cause-and-effect analysis was conducted to identify all the possible factors that may have contributed to failure. The bracket arm was investigated using macro- and micro-fractography, chemical analysis, optical microscopy, and hardness testing to assess the failure characteristics and material properties. Finally, simulations were conducted with SolidWorks® to evaluate the component loading and stress distributions that led to fracture. The failure of the bracket was attributed to long-term, low stress amplitude, unidirectional dynamic bending high-cycle fatigue of the bracket arm, applied by the monitor weight in conjunction with vehicular vibrations while driving. Failure was most likely caused by: (1) the unsatisfactory surface condition of the arm produced by thermal cutting, including large inclusions, jagged edges, and a heat-affected zone; (2) the poorly designed component geometry, which promoted a stress concentration at the point of failure; and (3) the inadequate material strength, given the component geometry and applied cyclic stress requirements. Several options for improved component reliability were recommended.

The color appearance shifts of woven fabrics induced by the optical blending of colored yarns

This study investigated the effect of individual yarn colors and their blending on the color appearance of woven fabrics by comparing them with solid colors. Woven fabrics often obtain their colors through blends of different colored yarns. When the blends are seen from far enough away, the individual yarn colors are optically mixed in our eyes and perceived as a new solid color that is not actually present. To examine this optical color mixing effect, red, yellow, green, and blue yarns were woven together to produce 36 fabrics in a wide range of colors, the values of which were measured spectrophotometrically. The spectrophotometric values were generated as solid color images on a calibrated cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor. Then the fabrics were scanned and the scanned images were displayed beside their corresponding solid color images on the CRT monitor to assess their differences in lightness, colorfulness, and hue. The results showed that, although the fabrics and their corresponding solid colors had identical CIELAB color values, they appeared significantly different in terms of all lightness, colorfulness, and hue. It was found that the lightness differences of fabrics from solid colors vary with the overall L*, C*, and h° of the fabrics, the colorfulness differences vary with the L*, C*, and h°, and the number of yarn colors in the fabrics and the hue differences vary with the h°. Based on these effects, color appearance models to predict the perceived lightness, colorfulness, and hue of woven fabrics were developed.

Ease of hand rotation during active exploration of views of a 3-D object modulates view generalization.

Active exploration of views of 3-D objects by manually controlling a device, such as a trackball, facilitates subsequent object recognition, suggesting that motor simulation contributes to object recognition. Further, biomechanical constraints, such as range of hand rotation, can affect mental rotation. Thus, the ease with which an object can be rotated by hand may modulate the facilitative effect active exploration through manual control has on object recognition. In our experiment, participants performed two sessions of a view-matching task, with a learning task administered between the two. In the learning task, one group of participants (active group) viewed and explored a novel 3-D object using their hand to rotate a handle attached to a cathode-ray tube monitor. The other group (passive group) observed on the monitor a replay of the movements of the 3-D object as manipulated by an active-group participant. Active-group participants were interviewed to determine the direction they found easiest to rotate their hand. The view-generalization performances were compared between the pre and post sessions. Although we observed a facilitative effect on the view-matching process in both groups, the active group exhibited view-dependent facilitation. The view-generalization range of the active group in the post-session was asymmetric in terms of the rotation direction. Most intriguingly, for most participants, this asymmetric change corresponded to the direction that afforded the easiest hand rotation (ulnar deviation). These findings suggest that the object-recognition process can be affected by ease of hand rotation, which is based on the biomechanical constraints of the wrist joint.

S109. Difference of visual evoked potential study with different types of monitors

Introduction Pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) study was traditionally done with cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor, however CRT monitors has been rapidly replaced with liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor. So, we wanted to test that LCD monitor can be used for pattern reversal VEPs with short response time instead of CRT monitor. Methods In 8 normal subjects with 16 eyes, VEPs were done with CRT and response time 1 ms LCD, 5 ms LCD monitors. Latencies of P100 waves and amplitudes of N75-P100 were compared for 3 different monitor groups. Results Mean latencies of P100 waves were 111.8 ± 6.0 ms for CRT group, 115.8 ± 5.9 ms for 1 ms LCD group and 118.5 ± 6.2 ms for 5 ms LCD group and there was significant difference between latencies of CRT and 5 ms groups (p Conclusion Latency of P100 wave with LCD monitor with 5 ms response time which is popular in use is longer than that with CRT monitor and LCD monitor with 1 ms response time also showed tendency of delay. These results suggest that the ready-made reference latency value with CRT monitor should not be applied to the reference range with LCD monitor even though short response time.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE EXTENDED PRODUCTION RESPONSIBILITY IMPLEMENTATION IN VIETNAM: A STUDY ON ELECTRONIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

The electronic waste is now raised in Vietnam as emerging issue, not only by its impact on the environment and public health, but also the chance to utilize the natural resources. In order to sustainable management of major urban-mine sources, including e-waste, an Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) system is proposed under the Decision 16/QĐ-TTg dated 22, May, 2015, to extend the responsibility of producers to the end-of-life product. In this study, the Material Flow Analysis and Policy assessment tool are applied to assess the impact of the EPR system, in case of large home appliances and to find the obstacles on the implementation of the system. Among the experimental appliances, air conditioner has the highest rate of valuable materials and also the highest rate of recyclable materials, then follows the refrigerator, washing machine and desktop computer. On the opposite, Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) monitor has the highest rate of hazardous compounds, where washing machine has no hazardous matter. Three scenarios were developed and assessed based on the obtained benefit–cost from dismantled material and hazardous waste. It is shown that the role of intermediate stakeholders, the infrastructure for e-waste treatment and monetary distribution flows under the pressure of legislation are the main factors that caused failure in the application of the EPR system in Vietnam.

Mediated Nostalgia: touching the past in Reply 1994

ABSTRACT‘Mediated Nostalgia: Touching the Past in Reply 1994’ argues that the aesthetic and thematic treatment of television technology in the nostalgic 2013 South Korean television drama Reply 1994 puts viewers productively in ‘touch’ with the past. The high definition aesthetics of the 2013 series and the low definition image of 1990s television and other domestic media featured in Reply 1994 produce viewing modes that oscillate between closeness and distance. While watching, the viewer enters a sensory dialogue with the medium of television in its dual guise as a cathode ray tube monitor and flat screen. The sensory interaction with memories of the recent past that materialize in her present disturbs the linearity of cosmological time with the time of mediated phenomenological experience. This nostalgic dialogue is not a trivial consumption of meaningless images but a powerful interaction with the past which produces a new version of history about politics and about media. By putting analogue and digital television images in dialogue, Reply 1994 gestures toward a new narrative of the media archaeology of convergence culture and a new mode of understanding contemporary South Korean history.

Life Cycle Assessment of CRT, LCD and LED Monitors

The increasing consumption patterns in emerging economies like India and China with half the world population has increased the environmental concerns. E-waste in these countries is rapidly increasing and monitor is one of the major contributors to it. The paper aims at assessing the life cycle environmental impact of Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and Light Emitting Diode (LED) monitors. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of three widely used monitors has been performed based on the international standards of ISO 14040 series. The LCA was constructed using Umberto software version 5.6 and expressed with both CML (Centrum voor Milieuwetenschappen) 2001, mid-point assessment method and Impact 2002+, end point assessment method. This study is expected to guide policy makers in government to improve e-waste management strategies and also it will create awareness among the user. The monitor manufacturers may leverage the study to improve the environmental impact of these products. Sensitivity analysis for the use phase has been performed to confirm the robustness of results.

Identification of the Reichardt elementary motion detector model.

The classical Hassenstein-Reichardt mathematical elementary motion detector (EMD) model is treated analytically. The EMD is stimulated with drifting sinusoidal gratings, which are often used in motion vision research, thus enabling direct comparison with neural responses from motion-sensitive neurones in the fly brain. When sinusoidal gratings are displayed on a cathode ray tube monitor, they are modulated by the refresh rate of the monitor. This generates a pulsatile signature of the visual stimulus, which is also seen in the neural response. Such pulsatile signals make a Laguerre domain identification method for estimating the parameters of a single EMD suitable, allowing estimation of both finite and infinite-dimensional dynamics. To model the response of motion-sensitive neurones with large receptive fields, a pool of spatially distributed EMDs is considered, with the weights of the contributing EMDs fitted to the neural data by a sparse estimation method. Such an EMD-array is more reliably estimated by stimulating with multiple sinusoidal gratings, since these provide higher spatial excitation than a single sinusoidal grating. Consequently, a way of designing the visual stimuli for a certain order of spatial resolution is suggested.

The association between dark adaptation and macular pigment optical density in healthy subjects

To investigate whether macular pigment optical density (MPOD) is related to dark adaptation in healthy subjects. Dark adaptation was measured after a minimum 30 % pigment bleach in 33 subjects (aged 15-68), using a white 1° stimulus presented 11° below fixation on a cathode ray tube monitor. The luminance range of the monitor was extended using neutral density filters. A heterochromatic flicker photometry based instrument (MPS 9000) was used to measure MPOD. The average MPOD for the whole group was 0.37 ± 0.21 optical density units. Subjects with lighter irides had on average 40 % lower MPOD compared to those with darker irides (0.3 ± 0.20 vs 0.5 ± 0.19). Group mean MPOD was weakly associated with second (r = 0.32, p = 0.07) and third rod-mediated recovery rates (r = 0.31, p = 0.08) and with the rod threshold (r = -0.24, p = 0.18) 30 min after the onset of bleach. MPOD was unrelated to cone time constant (r = -0.02, p = 0.91), cone threshold (r = -0.01, p = 0.96), rod-cone break (r = 0.13, p = 0.45) or the rod-rod break (r = 0.11, p = 0.52). The second rod-mediated recovery rate (S2) for the lower 10th percentile of MPOD (n = 4) was 0.18 log cd.m(-2).min(-1) and 0.24 log cd.m(-2).min(-1) for the upper 10th percentile (n = 4). The two groups were significantly different (t = -2.67, p = 0.037). We report a statistically significant difference between subjects falling in the 10th percentile extremes of MPOD and rod-mediated but not cone-mediated sensitivity recovery. Further investigation into the relationship between MPOD and rod function is warranted, particularly extending the work to encompass those with low MPOD and poor night vision.

Assessment of age changes and repeatability for computer-based rod dark adaptation

PurposeTo characterize the rate of rod-mediated sensitivity decline with age using a PC-driven cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor. To provide data regarding the repeatability of the technique.MethodsDark adaptation was monitored for 30 min following a minimum 30 % pigment bleach, using a white 1° stimulus (modulated at 1 Hz), presented 11° below fixation on a CRT monitor. Thirty-three subjects with no ocular pathology and normal fundus photographs were divided into two groups: older (≥45, n = 16) and younger (<45, n = 17).ResultsRod recovery was assessed using component S2 of dark adaptation. S2 was significantly slower in the older (0.19 ± 0.03 log cd.m−2.min−1) compared with the younger group (0.23 ± 0.03 log cd.m−2.min−1, t = −4.05, p < 0.0003), despite no difference in visual acuity and fundus appearance. Faster rates of S2 recovery were correlated with lower threshold at 30 min (T30) (r = −0.49). Correlation coefficients between first and second measurements for S2 and T30 were 0.49 (p < 0.009) and 0.84 (p < 0.0001) respectively. The coefficient of repeatability was 0.07 log cd.m−2.min−1 for S2 and 0.35 log cd.m−2 for T30. The coefficients of variation for S2 and T30 were 15 % and 10 % respectively.ConclusionsDark adaptation is slowed in normal ageing. CRT-based dark adaptometry is easily implemented and highly repeatable. The technique described in this article would be useful for documenting visual changes in future clinical trials assessing retinal health in the older eye with and without ocular pathology.

Dynamic characteristics of operator’s “visual channel” with using cathode-ray tube monitor

Dynamic characteristics of operator’s “visual channel” with using cathode-ray tube monitor

Low luminance visual acuity in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy

BackgroundThe aim was to determine the low luminance visual acuity in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy.MethodsSeven eyes of seven patients with central serous chorioretinopathy and six eyes of six age matched normal volunteers were examined. Low luminance visual acuity charts were created by an Apple Power Mac G5 computer and displayed on a cathode ray tube monitor (SONY GDM F500). The background luminance was set at six different levels from 78.20 cd/m2 to 0.37 cd/m2. The visual acuities of the eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy at each of the six luminance levels were compared to those from their fellow eyes and to normal eyes.ResultsThe mean visual acuities varied from 0.13, 0.23, 0.29, 0.42, 0.62 to 0.70 logMAR units as luminance varied from high to low. At the lowest luminance (0.37 cd/m2), five of the seven eyes could not read any character. The mean visual acuities of the fellow eyes at the same luminance levels were 0.03, 0.06, 0.11, 0.20, 0.27 and 0.45 logMAR units and those of the normal volunteers were 0, 0.03, 0.08, 0.14, 0.23 and 0.38 logMAR units, respectively. The visual acuities of the eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy were significantly poorer than those of the normal eyes at all luminance levels except 0.37 cd/m2 (p<05 for all).ConclusionsAlthough the eyes from all three groups had 0 logMAR units visual acuity under standard testing condition, the visual acuity of the eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy were significantly worse at low luminance levels. The low luminance visual acuity may provide information on the visual disturbances reported by central serous chorioretinopathy patients with 0 logMAR units visual acuity.

Evaluating Barten image metric for predicting character recognition in people with low vision

Electronic devices with small visual displays (SVDs) are often inaccessible to the millions of Americans with vision loss. The Barten square root integral (SQRI) is an image quality metric that has been shown to predict whether people with normal vision can see images on a cathode ray tube monitor. The present proof-of-concept study begins to explore whether the same metric could predict the ability of users with low vision to see images on SVDs. In a sample population of 33 adults with low vision, the Barten SQRI was the best predictor of the ability to recognize low-contrast single digits on a screen (r(2) = 0.80, p < 0.01), followed by the Pelli-Robson Contrast Sensitivity Chart (r(2) = 0.69, p < 0.01). Visual acuity was not significantly predictive of the ability to read low-contrast characters on a display. Further work will explore whether the Barten SQRI remains predictive of the ability of people with low vision to use actual devices that have SVDs.

Laguerre domain estimation of the Elementary Motion Detector based on the fly visual system

Event Abstract Back to Event Laguerre domain estimation of the Elementary Motion Detector based on the fly visual system Egi Hidayat1, Jozi Huotari2, Alexander Medvedev1 and Karin Nordström2* 1 Uppsala University, Department of Information Technology, Sweden 2 Uppsala University, Neuroscience, Sweden Biological visual systems are generally believed to compute local motion via so called elementary motion detectors (EMDs). The EMD computes local motion by using a non-linear correlation of the luminance change from two neighboring photoreceptors after delaying the input from one. By subtracting the output from a mirror symmetric unit, direction opponency is achieved. A similar underlying computational structure is found in a range of animals, including flies, wallabies, and humans. In the fly optic ganglia, lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs) spatially pool the output from many EMDs. The physiology of insect LPTCs, and their behavioral output, closely matches the predictions of the EMD. Importantly, however, whereas the EMD model can explain many biological observations, its neural components still remain elusive. The evidence is thus indirect. In fly motion vision research cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors are commonly used. These provide relatively high refresh rates, up to 200 Hz. Even if this is too fast for our own visual system to detect, the flicker rate is within the detection range of the fly visual system. Since the pulsatile CRT monitor refresh rate is within the fly coding range, it is coded by their photoreceptors and LPTCs. In effect, this flickering stimulus provides a unique opportunity for investigating the influence of high temporal frequencies on the underlying EMD input. We here use a CRT monitor with a refresh rate of 160 Hz on which we sinusoidally modulate a full-screen stimulus that is known to drive LPTCs strongly. We record the intracellular response of single fly photoreceptors and of LPTCs to sinusoidal gratings with different temporal and spatial frequencies. A single-tone sinusoidal grating does not provide sufficient excitation for accurate parameter estimation of a single EMD, but by adding the extra 160 Hz signal provided by the CRT refresh rate, parameter estimation from individual pulses of the neural response is possible. Note, however, that the measured signal comprises the output of several EMDs. The pulse-modulated nature of the visual stimuli due to the refresh rate of the monitor lends itself to Laguerre domain system identification. The relationship between Laguerre spectra of the input and output signals of a single EMD model has been derived and serves as a basis of its parameter estimation, see Fig 1. Further, a sparse optimization method is used to evaluate the weights and shifts of multiple EMDs contributing to a layer of EMDs that describes the measured data from LPTCs (Fig. 2). Figure 1 Figure 2 Keywords: Laguerre domain estimation, elementary motion detection (EMD), Lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs), fly vision, motion vision Conference: Neuroinformatics 2013, Stockholm, Sweden, 27 Aug - 29 Aug, 2013. Presentation Type: Poster Topic: Electrophysiology Citation: Hidayat E, Huotari J, Medvedev A and Nordström K (2013). Laguerre domain estimation of the Elementary Motion Detector based on the fly visual system. Front. Neuroinform. Conference Abstract: Neuroinformatics 2013. doi: 10.3389/conf.fninf.2013.09.00048 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 29 Apr 2013; Published Online: 11 Jul 2013. * Correspondence: Dr. Karin Nordström, Uppsala University, Neuroscience, Uppsala, 75124, Sweden, Karin.Nordstrom@neuro.uu.se Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Egi Hidayat Jozi Huotari Alexander Medvedev Karin Nordström Google Egi Hidayat Jozi Huotari Alexander Medvedev Karin Nordström Google Scholar Egi Hidayat Jozi Huotari Alexander Medvedev Karin Nordström PubMed Egi Hidayat Jozi Huotari Alexander Medvedev Karin Nordström Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.