Catalyst For Transesterification Research Articles

Na-CaO/MgO dolomites used as heterogeneous catalysts in canola oil transesterification for biodiesel production

Mexican dolomites were doped with sodium nitrate and calcined at 900 °C to generate the corresponding CaO/MgO and Na-CaO/MgO mixed metal oxides. The resulting oxides were tested with regard to the catalytic transesterification of commercial canola oil in a batch reactor for biodiesel production. The catalysts were characterized using several spectroscopic and physicochemical techniques. Among all catalysts, Na-CaO/MgO effected the highest conversion rate, at 95.4%. The experimental catalytic parameters were processed in a nonlinear program to obtain the optimal theoretical conversion rate of 97.46%, consistent with the experimental results.

Valorization of glycerol into glycerol carbonate using the stable heterogeneous catalyst of Li/MCM-41

The present study explored the catalytic activity of the heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification of glycerol into glycerol carbonate, a versatile compound. Transesterification of glycerol was investigated with different active metals (Li, La, Ce, Mg, K) impregnated on MCM-41 (Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41) framework. Among these, lithium incorporated MCM-41 proved the better catalytic activity towards the formation of glycerol carbonate. The shortening of a long-range hexagonal array was observed with active metal incorporation due to the accumulation of non-framework Li species in the MCM-41 structure. BET study revealed that Li/MCM-41 possess type IV hysteresis loop according to IUPAC standards. The average pore diameter was increased from 25.43 Å to 62.02 Å with active metal incorporation in the MCM-41 framework. The catalytic activity of Li/MCM-41 was observed by varying different weight ratios of active metal and the calcination temperature. The results demonstrated that 5 wt% Li impregnated on MCM-41, calcined at 450 °C, appeared to have a maximum yield of glycerol carbonate. Additionally, the influence of reaction operating parameters was also investigated. The results showed that 99 ± 1.89% glycerol conversion and 93.14 ± 2.52% glycerol carbonate yield was achieved at dimethyl carbonate-to-glycerol molar ratio of 3, catalyst dosage of 4 wt% (relative to glycerol mass) and a reaction temperature of 90 °C in 3 h. The recyclability and stability of the screened catalyst was also studied under optimized conditions. The activation energy of the catalyst was determined by solving the differential equation using MATLAB ODE15s tool, and the obtained value was 53.77 ± 3.26 kJ/mol. The E-factor and PMI (Process mass intensity) values of glycerol carbonate synthesis were determined as 1.16 and 2.16, respectively, which demonstrate the less waste generation during the process.

Upgrading catalytic activity of NiO/CaO/MgO from natural limestone as catalysts for transesterification of coconut oil to biodiesel

Limestone was converted to high surface area CaO/MgO catalysts via calcination-hydration-dehydration (CHD) method for transesterification of coconut oil to biodiesel. Thermal decomposition at 900°C transformed dolomite CaMg(CO3)2 to large crystallite and low surface area CaO/MgO. CHD treatment eliminated the large CaO/MgO aggregates and increased the surface area and the activity of CaO/MgO. The addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as surfactant during CHD reduced the CaO/MgO crystallite size to ~377 nm and enhanced the surface area (39 m2/g), the pore volume (0.0322 m3/g), and the basicity of the catalysts (7.8 mmol/g). Transesterification of coconut oil showed an increase in oil conversion from 16.45 to 49.27% when CaO/MgO was produced using PEG. Optimization studies at the variation of reaction temperatures, the ratio methanol:oil, and the amount of catalysts produced the optimum biodiesel yield of 81.76%. Impregnation with 5% NiO introduced acid-base functionality for esterification FFA to FAME, further improved biodiesel yield to 90%, and reduced the FFA yield. The kinematic, density, flash point, acid numbe,r and carbon residue of biodiesel from coconut oil were determined at 1.93 mm2/s, 0.86g/cm3, 137°C, 0.27 mg KOH/g, and 0.22% respectively, and were within the ASTM D6751 standard.

Green Recycling of Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Waste as Corrosion Inhibitor for Steel in Marine Environment

Green recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) plastic waste, in this respect, PET waste was subjected to de polymerization process with tri methylene glycol (1,3-propandiol) in the presence of manganese acetate (1.0 % w/w to the total Wight of the reactants) as trans esterification catalyst, the product is Bis-(3-hydroxy-propyl)-terephthalate, BHPT, as a non-ionic surfactant was separated and characterized by FT-IR and 1HNMR and evaluated as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel alloy in artificial marine environment using chemical and electrochemical techniques. Effect of inhibitor concentrations and reaction temperature were studied. The chemical techniques used in this work are gravimetric, thermometric and atomic absorption spectroscopy(AAS), whereas the electrochemical techniques are open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization. The corrosion inhibition efficiency increases with increasing inhibitor concentrations and decreased by rising temperature. The maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency 96.5% was afforded using 300 ppm of the used inhibitor derived from plastic waste. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicate that the used system act as mixed inhibitor. The data of AAS show that the iron(iii) ions Fe+3 concentrations were decreased by increasing inhibitor concentration. All the used techniques are in good agreement to each other (±2 %) and shows that the used drug acts as green corrosion inhibitors for steel in marine environment.

Dynamic Crosslinking: An Efficient Approach to Fabricate Epoxy Vitrimer.

Epoxy vitrimers with reprocessability, recyclability, and a self-healing performance have attracted increasingly attention, but are usually fabricated through static curing procedures with a low production efficiency. Herein, we report a new approach to fabricate an epoxy vitrimer by dynamic crosslinking in a torque rheometer, using diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and sebacic acid as the epoxy resin and curing agent, respectively, in the presence of zinc acetylacetonate as the transesterification catalyst. The optimal condition for fabricating the epoxy vitrimer (EVD) was dynamic crosslinking at 180 °C for ~11 min. A control epoxy vitrimer (EVS) was prepared by static curing at 180 °C for ~11 min. The structure, properties, and stress relaxation of the EVD and EVS were comparatively investigated in detail. The EVS did not cure completely during static curing, as evidenced by the continuously increasing gel fraction when subjected to compression molding. The gel fraction of the EVD did not change with compression molding at the same condition. The physical, mechanical, and stress relaxation properties of the EVD prepared by dynamic crosslinking were comparable to those of the EVS fabricated by static curing, despite small differences in the specific property parameters. This study demonstrated that dynamic crosslinking provides a new technique to efficiently fabricate an epoxy vitrimer.

Fabrication of magnetic nanoparticles supported ionic liquid catalyst for transesterification of vegetable oil to produce biodiesel

In the present study, we have fabricated novel magnetic ionic liquid based nanocomposites using 1-butylimidazole, (3-bromopropyl)-trimethoxysilane and NiFe2O4 nanoparticles. [NiFe2O4@-BMSI]HSO4 was synthesized from [NiFe2O4@-BMSI]Br via ion-exchange process. The fabricated nanocomposites were characterized by various analytical techniques. The surface area was determined using N2 adsorption-desorption analysis and the BET surface area of [NiFe2O4@BMSI]Br and [NiFe2O4@BMSI]HSO4 was noted to be 89.21 and 87.21 m2/g, respectively. The fabricated nanocomposites were used as catalyst for the transesterification of palm oil (VO) for the production of biodiesel. The results revealed that [NiFe2O4@BMSI]HSO4 exhibited better performance in terms of biodiesel yield; a maximum i.e. 86.4% yield was obtained using [NiFe2O4@BMSI]HSO4 while in the case of NiFe2O4@BMSI]Br, about ~74.6% yield was found with 5% (w/w) catalyst loading, 353 K and to CH3OH ratio of 1:12 in 8 h. The reusability of the catalyst results revealed that the catalytic activity of the catalysts still remained about 92.7% and 88.1% with NiFe2O4@BMSI]HSO4 and NiFe2O4@BMSI]Br, respectively after six cycles which may be accredited to the handling loss during the manipulation process.

Valorization of banana pseudostem as a catalyst for transesterification process and its optimization studies

Concerns over the diminution of conventional fossil fuels have insisted on the development of alternative renewable sources such as biodiesel due to its sustainability, and minimal carbon emission characteristics. The present study discusses the production of Madhuca indica methyl esters (MIME) utilizing eco-friendly, renewable heterogeneous catalyst synthesized from the Poovan banana pseudostem (PBPS). Madhuca indica oil (MIO) used in the current study holds a high acid value of 21.7 ± 0.02 mg of KOH/g of oil. The acid-catalyzed esterification was performed followed by heterogeneous base–catalyzed transesterification process to reduce the acid value. The developed catalyst was characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. Furthermore, the transesterification parameters, i.e., catalyst loading, reaction time, and methanol to oil molar ratio, were investigated by performing seventeen predesigned experimental runs using response surface methodology (RSM) which determines the effect of the independent variables on the conversion of MIO to MIME. Numerical optimization tool revealed that the maximum conversion of 98.8% is accomplished at optimal reaction conditions of 5.9 wt% catalyst, 14.9 of methanol to oil molar ratio with the reaction time of 178.1 min. The outcome of this research supports that the indigenous catalyst developed via calcination of PBPS can be utilized as an environmentally benign and highly efficient solid catalyst for synthesis of biodiesel.

Thermally recyclable polyester-based phase change materials networks with high latent heat and network self-stability even at high temperature

The polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based solid-solid phase change materials networks (PCMNs) were synthesized via esterification reactions between pyromellitic dianhydride-derived multi-carboxyl PEG and trimethylolpropane tris(1-aziridine propionate) in the presence of transesterification catalyst, endowing PCMNs with recyclability, high latent heat and network self-stability even at high temperature in a synergistic approach. The latent heat of the PCMNs increased from 93.5 J/g to 137.3 J/g with increasing the encapsulation content from 87.9% to 93.5%. The recycling of PCMNs was realized at high temperature (140°C) under a high pressure (15 MPa) and the network self-stability of PCMNs was verified at high temperature (140°C) under a dead load due to quasi-balanced conformation. The integrated comprehensive performance of PCMNs, including phase change, mechanical and recycling properties, were necessary for the practical applications.

Optimisation of biodiesel production from dairy effluent scum using calcined egg shell as a transesterification catalyst

The production of biodiesel from dairy effluent scum using calcined egg shell as the transesterification catalyst has been explored. Eggshell powder was calcined at 900 °C for 3 h and used as catalyst. The influence of methanol-oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration and reaction temperature were studied using Response Surface Methodology employing a Central Composite Rotatable Design. An empirical model that relates the yield of biodiesel to the studied factors was obtained. The model has high statistical significance at 95% confidence interval with R2 and adjusted R2 values of 96.31% and 95.75% respectively. Results showed that among the three studied factors, the methanol-oil molar ratio had the greatest contribution to the yield of dairy effluent scum derived biodiesel followed by reaction temperature and finally, the catalyst concentration. Significant interaction effects were also present between methanol-oil ratio and catalyst, catalyst and reaction temperature and methanol-oil ratio and reaction temperature. Accordingly, the optimal variable settings were 14.355:1 methanol-oil molar ratio, 3.09% catalyst loading by weight of pre-treated dairy scum oil and 55.20°C reaction temperature; with a corresponding yield of 92.72%.

A comparative study on the catalytic performances of alkali metals-loaded KAlSiO4 for biodiesel production from sesame oil

Orthorhombic phase KAlSiO4 and the alkali metals-impregnated samples were examined as the heterogeneous catalysts for transesterification of sesame oil to biodiesel. According to the structural and compositional characterization using XRD, FT-IR and EDX techniques, the products had the aluminosilicate frameworks containing a random network of tetrahedral Al and Si units charge-balanced with alkali metal ions that could act as the strongly basic active sites. The BET, SEM, and TEM analyses, and surface basicity determination indicated that the as-made microstructures were of type II, typical of mesoporous materials which supply many sites for fully contacting of triglyceride and methanol to develop their catalytic activity. The performances of catalysts for the transesterification of sesame oil were investigated and compared under optimum conditions: carbonate loading of 50 wt%; methanol to sesame oil molar ratio, 6:1; catalyst amount of 5 wt% (relative to the weight of sesame oil); reaction temperature, 75 °C and reaction time, 3 h. The composition of FAMEs was also successfully determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) where peaks corresponded to fatty acid methyl esters of sesame oil. The results demonstrated that the catalytic activity of KAlSiO4 was remarkably increased, 21.6%–97.6%, with alkali metal impregnation method in the order of Li > K > Rb > Na > Cs. It seems that the small size of lithium ion causes its excellent interaction with KAlSiO4, more easily insertion in the framework and good dispersion on the support surface resulted in reasonably high activity in transesterification reaction.

Brazilian açaí berry seeds: an abundant waste applied in the synthesis of carbon-based acid catalysts for transesterification of low free fatty acid waste cooking oil.

Residues of açaí seeds (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) were a novel source for the synthesis of the acid heterogeneous catalyst applied in the conversion of low free fatty acid waste cooking oil (WCO) to biodiesel. Yield of activated carbon (AC) and catalyst (CAT), as well as density of SO3H groups and total acidity, was analyzed in an entirely random designed experiment using multiple linear regression, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey's post hoc test. Time, temperature, dosage of KOH, and ratio of H2SO4/AC were the predictor variables with 3 levels each, at a significance level of α = .05. A significant yield variation portion of AC was explained by the experimental factors (R2 = .891, F (3, 23) = 62.9, p < .0001), as did the yield of CAT (R2 = .960, F (3, 23) = 185.7, p < .0001), density of SO3H (R2 = .969, F (3, 23) = 242.2, p < .0001), and total acidity (R2 = .973, F (3, 23) = 280.6, p < .0001). Levels of time (p = .001) and KOH dosage (p = .006) were significant to the yield of AC, and temperature levels were not influent on density of SO3H (p = .731) or total acidity (p = .762). CAT showed a SBET of 249m2g-1, Vpore of 0.104cm3g-1, low crystallinity, high thermal stability, and a mesoporous amorphous structure. Optimized catalytic tests resulted in 89% conversion of WCO and 11cycles of reuse, better than pure H2SO4 or pure KOH (p < .0001) and also better than many biomass-derived catalysts reported in the literature.

Response surface optimization approach to predict the maximum %biodiesel yield via transesterification of esterified shea butter oil by utilizing bio-catalysts

A two-stage optimization process was explored utilizing response surface methodology (RSM). The factors affecting the process includes %FFA of shea butter oil, reaction time (50–60min), ethanol (ROH), oil mole ratio: 3:1–5:1 (w/w) for esterification and 3:1–7:1 (w/w) for transesterification, catalyst loading: 1–2% (H 2 SO4, v/v) for esterification and 1.5–2.5% based on different catalysts for transesterification. The optimal operating conditions of esterification showed minimum %FFA of 0.98 were 4:1 ROH/oil ratio, 55 ​min, and 1.5% (v/v). Calcine unripe plantain peels (CUPP) produced a maximum %yield of biodiesel of 92% at 5:1(w/w) ROH/oil ratio, 50min and 2.5 ​g while calcine watermelon pod (CWMP) showed the %yield of biodiesel of as 91 ​at 3:1 (w/w) ROH/oil ratio, 55min and 2.5 ​g. However, the p-value of <0.0001 for each of the stages indicates that the models were significant with R2 of 0.9398 for CUPP and 0.9961 for CWMP respectively. Hence, utilizing CWMP catalyst is more accurate in terms of prediction and quality of biodiesel produced.

Alkaline synthesis of fatty acids iso-propyl esters

Fatty acid alkyl esters are widely used products. Most of them are used as renewable transport fuel named “biodiesel”. Production of fatty acid iso-propyl esters mainly based on acid process, but using of alkaline catalysts may give good yields also. Alkaline catalysts have some advantageous such as low corrosivity and higher reaction rate. In current work the effectivity of potassium hydroxide and treated potassium hydroxide solution as catalyst for transesterification was compared. It was shown that using of KOH solution in iso-propyl alcohol after special treatment gives almost twice higher yields (95-96 %) from refined sunflower oil triglycerides than over KOH under the same conditions. Yield of fatty acids iso-propyl esters from wasted frying oil stabilized after 1-1.5 hours of reaction over both catalysts. Using 1.8 and 2.0 % treated catalyst at 90 °C leads to yield of about 86-88 % at 9:1 alcohol-to-oil ratio. Reaction temperature has significant impact on a yield wich decreases with temperature reduce in the range from 30 to 90 °C. During reaction proceeding the alkali saponification and thus loss the catalytic activity, which displayed in stopping the yield rising. The lower yield of esters from wasted oil comparing to the refined oil may be caused by presence of heavy polymerized triglycerides components formed during frying. Such components cannot be fully converted into monoalkylesters and gives also the oligomerized esters, which is not visible in standard gas chromatographic analysis of biodiesel. Indirect confirmation of the presence of such compounds in wasted frying oil sample is the sufficiently larger mass of the cube residue in vacuum distillation. For refined oil amount of such residue was only 5.4 %, while for wasted oil it was three time higher (14.9 %). In case of wasted frying oil as raw stuff, even after full conversion and effective self-separation conventional purification methods (like water washing or dry washing with adsorbents) may not provide the necessary purity of resulted biodiesel due to the presence of heavy oligomeric admixtures. In such cases vacuum distillation should be included as necessary final purification stage.

Response surface optimization for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil utilizing eggshells as heterogeneous catalyst

This research paper deals with the transesterification of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production utilizing eggshells as the heterogeneous catalyst. Eggshells which are often discarded as waste finds application as a catalyst in biodiesel transesterification paving a way for effective waste management. Transesterification parameters were optimized using Central Composite design employing Response Surface Methodology. Design Expert software 12.0.8 was used for the optimization studies of time, temperature, oil: alcohol ratio and catalyst amount on biodiesel yield. The maximum biodiesel yield was obtained at 120 min, 50 °C, 1:6 oil: alcohol ratio and 5 g of eggshells. R2, adjusted R2 and predicted R2 values are 0.9826, 0.9963 and 0.9307 respectively which shows that experimental values are in good agreement with software predicted values having negligible lack of fit. The results were further validated at optimized conditions. Engine testing was done for the as synthesized biodiesel in a four stroke Internal Combustion engine which proved the efficiency of the produced biodiesel.

Waste Fish Scale Derived Ferromagnetic Heterogeneous Biocatalyst (Α-Fe2O3-Β-Ca3(PO4)2) for Efficient Transesterification of Waste Silkworm Pupal Lipids into Biodiesel

This paper reports an eco-friendly, cost-effective facile route to prepare bio-derived heterogeneous magnetic biocatalysts from the waste fish scale via thermal treatment and used for efficient transesterification to produce biodiesel. The hydroxyapatite of fish scales was impregnated with the varied concentrations (10–30 wt. %) of Fe2+ precursor (FeCl2.4H2O) through the wet impregnation method and transformed into α-Fe2O3-β-TCP via calcination at 700–1000 °C. The transformation of hydroxyapatite to β-Ca3(PO4)2 impregnated with α-Fe2O3 confirmed through XRD and Raman analysis. The FTIR spectra of the prepared sample α-Fe2O3-β-TCP support its structural and chemical composition. The SEM images confirm the presence of α-Fe2O3 in the waste fish scales derived catalysts. The magnetic studies revealed the soft ferromagnetic behavior for the optimized catalysts Fe-FSC-30 with saturation magnetization 0.59 emu/g at 300 K. The magnetic fish scale catalysts was used for the transesterification of silkworm pupa lipids. The FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy recognized the conversion of silkworm pupa lipids into biodiesel. The transesterification efficiency of heterogeneous magnetic biocatalysts is estimated to be ~90 % via 1H-NMR. The GC-MS identified the presence of the main constituents of SPL-biodiesel. The study demonstrated waste fish scale-derived low-cost magnetic catalysts for efficient transesterification of lipids for biodiesel production.

The use of MgO/SiO2 as catalyst for transesterification of rubber seed oil with different alcohols

In principle, biodiesel production relies on the transesterification reaction of fatty acids contained in vegetable oil or waste rich in fatty acids with short-chain alcohols with the help of a catalyst. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about the most suitable alcohol for the transesterification of rubber seed oil into biodiesel. In this study, the transesterification of rubber seed oil was carried out with three different types of short-chain alcohols, namely methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol. Each alcohol was used with a ratio of 3:1 to oil and transesterification was carried out in the presence of MgO/SiO2 catalyst with an amount of 10% (by weight of catalyst/volume oil) at 70 °C for 6 h. Transesterification products were analyzed using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to confirm the conversion of fatty acids in the oil into esters. The results showed that the reactivity of alcohols is in the order of methanol > ethanol > 2-propanol with the percentages of conversion of oil to products are 90.1, 73.3, and 63.2%, respectively. These results indicate that methanol is the most suitable alcohol for transesterification of rubber seed oil.

About the transformation of low T m into high T m poly(l-lactide)s by annealing under the influence of transesterification catalysts.

Cyclic polylactides were prepared in bulk at 170 °C, crystallized at 120 °C and then annealed at temperatures between 130 and 170 °C with variation of catalyst, catalyst concentration and annealing time. The transformation of the initially formed low melting (LTm) crystallites, having melting temperatures (Tm) < 180 °C into high melting (HTm) crystallites having Tm values > 189 °C was monitored by means of DSC measurements and characterized in selected cases by SAXS measurements. It was confirmed that the formation of HTm crystallites involves a significant growth of the thickness of the lamellar crystallites along with smoothing of their surface. Annealing at 170 °C for 1 d or longer causes thermal degradation with lowering of the molecular weights, a gradual transition of cyclic into linear chains and a moderate decrease of lamellar thickness. An unexpected result revealed by MALDI TOF mass spectrometry is a partial reorganization of the molecular weight distribution driven by a gain of crystallization enthalpy.

Locally controlling dynamic exchange reactions in 3D printed thiol-acrylate vitrimers using dual-wavelength digital light processing

A photolatent transesterification catalyst is applied to locally switch on and control topological rearrangements in 3D printable thiol-acrylate vitrimers.

Synthesis of the SrO–CaO–Al2O3 trimetallic oxide catalyst for transesterification to produce biodiesel

Calcium oxide is one of the most promising heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production. However, an inherent drawback of CaO is the leaching of active species into the reaction solution with the degraded reusability. To strengthen the stability, different supports are composited with the SrO–CaO oxide through the hydrothermal method and mass ratio of SrO to CaO are optimized to get the best outcome of the catalyst. Meanwhile, various characterization methods, including TG, XRD, SEM-EDX, CO2-TPD, XPS, ATR-FTIR and ICP-AES, are used to explore the physicochemical properties of catalysts. The 0.4-SrO-CaO-Al2O3 catalyst shows the best catalytic capability in transesterification of palm oil with methanol to produce biodiesel, where the FAME yield of 98.16% is achieved with the molar ratio of methanol to oil of 18:1 and catalyst concentration of 7.5 wt% at 65 °C for 3 h. Besides, ascribed to the greatly reduced leaching out of the active species, this catalyst presents the satisfying reusability and the FAME yield is slightly decreased to 92.61% for the fifth reused cycle. Therefore, this modification method for SrO–CaO–Al2O3 is feasible for enhancing the catalytic stability in transesterification.

Heterogeneous Catalysts Using Strontium Oxide Agglomerates Depositing upon Titanium Plate for Enhancing Biodiesel Production

Strontium oxide (SrO) is an effective catalyst for transesterification. SrO powder that is firmly deposited onto a light titanium plate (TiO2_P), denoted as SrO/TiO2_P, can be reinforced by forming strontium titanate (SrTiO3) at the interface. Exposed SrO agglomerates can promote subsequent continuous transesterification process. In this work, conversion efficiency and production of biodiesel from olive oil on SrO/TiO2_P is investigated. The as-designed SrO/TiO2_P was followed by dip-coating and heat treatment. The physical properties of SrO/TiO2_P were verified through ASTM D3359; the chemical structures before and after transesterification, were respectively identified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. A focused microwave heating system was utilized for transesterification. In the optimized sample SrO/TiO2_P (x) (x = 0.5 M), SrO firmly bonds with TiO2_P and forms the SrTiO3 structure. With the support of TiO2_P, the tested oil with SrO agglomerates subsequently reacts with SrO under microwave heating. The biodiesel conversion rate reaches 87.7% after a reaction time of 4 min, while the biodiesel product has an average of 39.37 MJ/kg of combustion heat and less than 1 vol% of water content. The as-designed SrO/TiO2_P (0.5) thus has great potential for biodiesel production and is promising with high stability in particular for a continuous fluid flow system.