Casson Parameter Research Articles

The convective heat transfer analysis of the casson nanofluid jet flow under the influence of the movement of gyrotactic microorganisms

Jet flows provide an effective mode of energy transfer or mass transfer in industrial applications. When compared to traditional cooling through convection, jet flows have high heat and mass transfer coefficients. Further, the devices equipped with jet flow provides efficient use of fluid and also offers enhanced heat and mass transfer rates. Hence in this study, the jet flow of Casson nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms that stabilises the nanoparticle suspension is discussed. To control the fluid from outside external magnetic field is imposed. The model with these characteristics are useful in the appliances like coolants in automobiles, nuclear reactors, micro-manufacturing, metallurgical process etc. Such a model is created by employing PDE, which are then transformed into a system of ODE. The DTM is employed to obtain the solution to system of equations, and the results are interpreted using graphs. It is perceived that the velocity of the nanofluid flow is decreased because of the increased yield stress created by the greater values of the Casson parameter. As a result, the temperature profile is found to be increasing. Meanwhile, it is observed that for increased value of chemical reaction parameter diminishes the nanoparticle concentration. The motile density is found to decrease for increase in the Peclet number and the bioconvection Schmidt number. Further, the thermophoresis improves the temperature and concentration profile of the nanofluid.

Darcy-Forchheimer flow behavior and thermal inferences with SWCNT/MWCNT suspensions due to shrinking rotating disk*

The goal of the present investigation is to explore the flow and thermal behavior of non-Newtonian fluid with single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) suspensions over a shrunk rotating disk subject to Darcy-Forchheimer effect. The mechanisms of suction, viscous dissipation and thermal radiation have been implemented. Entropy generation analysis is carried on. Innovated Nayak-Shaw number is modeled and its profiles analysis are narrated in a lucid manner. Noble bv4c method cum shooting technique is instrumental to devise a requisite numerical solution of the developed system of the dimension-free boundary layer equations. The outcomes of the study include amplification of non-Newtonian parameter (Casson parameter) that controls the radial and azimuthal motions. Inclusion of a significant interfacial nanolayer upgrades the heat transfer rate that in turn provides better cooling for industrial needs. Addition of more nanoparticles and a medium with high porosity (Darcy-Forchheimer effect) contribute to the entropy minimization which is ubiquitous for the greater efficiency of specific thermal systems. Nayak-Shaw number due to the fluid friction irreversibility peters out and that due to porous medium irreversibility ameliorates with the strengthening of porosity parameter effectively. It is obvious that the contribution of porous medium irreversibility dominates over due to fluid friction irreversibility.

Casson nanofluid performance on MHD convective flow past a semi‐infinite inclined permeable moving plate in presence of heat and mass transfer

AbstractThis article investigates the radiation and chemical reaction effects on the free convection heat and mass transfer flow of Casson nanofluids (Cu and TiO2) over an inclined porous vertical plate embedded in a porous medium in the presence of radiation absorption and constant heat source under fluctuating boundary conditions. The plate is moved with a constant velocity of U0, and temperature and the concentration are assumed to be fluctuating with time harmonically from a constant mean at the plate. The perturbation technique is applied to solve the governing equations of the flow and pointed out the variations in velocity, temperature, and concentration with the use of graphical presentations. The impact of several parameters on local skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number is also noticed and discussed. It is concluded that the resultant velocity reduces with increasing Casson parameter and suction parameter, velocity, and temperature enhanced with increasing radiation absorption and diffusion thermo parameters. Also, it is noticed that the solutal boundary layer thickness decreases with an increase in chemical reaction parameters. It is because chemical molecular diffusivity reduces for higher values of Kr.

Suction effect on the dynamics of EMHD casson nanofluid over an induced stagnation point flow of stretchable electromagnetic plate with radiation and chemical reaction

This research examines the radiative characteristics of electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) boundary layer flow with combined thermal transport properties on a reactive stretching surface using Casson nanofluid. The momentum, temperature, and diffusion equations' governing flow equations are reduced to dimensionless forms through variable transformations. The remedies to the resulting equations are numerically generated using the MATLAB bvp4c. Validation against prior research is carried out. The impact of emerging factors on velocity, temperature, concentration patterns, drag force coefficient, Sherwood number, and Nusselt number are graphically represented and in tables. It indicates that when Prandtl number, lower variables of Suction, and Casson parameters increases with a decline in velocity distribution, the contrasting trend enhancement is perceived for modified Hartmann number. In addition, an increment in the modified Hartmann number increases the rate of energy, mass flux, and friction. Conclusively, As Lewis number, Brownian motion, and chemical reaction rise, the thickness of the concentration boundary layer decreases on the stretching Riga surface.

MHD Casson Nanofluid in Darcy-Forchheimer Porous Medium in the Presence of Heat Source and Arrhenious Activation Energy: Applications of Neural Networks

ABSTRACT The present study investigates the significance of activation energy during chemical reactions, thermal radiations and temperature gradient of 3-D steady Magnetohydrodynamic Casson nanofluid flow (MHDCNFM) in Darcy−Forchheimer medium over an oscillating disk by using an intelligent numerical-based computing solver through the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation neural network scheme (LMBNNS). The adjusted Buongiorno model is utilized to develop the system of partial differential equations (PDEs) for MHDCNFM, and further, by invoking Von Karman similarity transformation, the system of governing PDEs is turned out into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). First, a data set for the magnetohydrodynamic Casson nanofluid flow model (MHDNNFM) is generated for a range of sundry parameters for the radial velocity, tangential velocity, heat distribution and concentration profile by the variations of Casson parameter, magnetic parameter, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, Forchheimer parameter, activation energy parameter, chemical reaction parameter, stretching parameter, porosity parameter and Schmidt number through the Lobatto IIIA technique, and after this, by applying an intelligent computing algorithm through nftool training, testing and validation steps are taken into account to find out the approximate solution for various cases. The designed solver LMBNNS is used to solve the MHDCNFM through mean squared error (MSE), regression, gradient analysis and histogram studies.

Entropy generation analysis for mixed convective flow of Casson fluid in a vertical microchannel with the influence of nonlinear radiation by maintaining inconstant viscosity

AbstractThe study of entropy generation in the fluid flow has great importance in the field of engineering. The present analysis is to investigate the entropy production in Casson fluid flow in a vertically placed porous‐filled microchannel. The flow is influenced by the nonlinear radiation and exponential heat source. Viscosity is kept varying throughout the flow. The equations which govern the considered flow are nonlinear and are nondimensionalized by considering the appropriate nondimensional variables. The flow problem is tackled by converting the ordinary differential equation (ODE) by assigning the new variables. The flow problem is tackled by using the effective mechanism which involves the finite difference technique by converting the equations into a set of first‐order ODE. The results attained are discussed using the graphs. It is noted that by maintaining the lesser values for the Casson parameter and mixed convection parameter, entropy production can be reduced. The Bejan number profile has the highest magnitude for the variation of mixed convection parameter and the same is found to be less for the nonlinear radiation parameter.

Thermofluidics and entropy analysis of couple stress Casson fluid in a channel with stretching walls

The paper investigates thermo-fluidics and entropy generation for a couple stress Casson fluid flow in a porous medium channel composed of two parallel stretching walls. Both the walls maintained at different temperatures stretch linearly in their own planes. The flow set-up caused by the entrainment of the fluid by the stretching walls and temperature difference constitutes a sixth-order nonlinear boundary value problem after similarity transformation. Two different methods viz. Differential Transform Method and Runge–Kutta Fehlberg Method are exploited to treat the system analytically as well as numerically. The effects of pertinent parameters on coefficient of skin friction, Nusselt number, velocity, temperature and inherent thermodynamic irreversibility are shown by tables and graphs and discussed. It is found that the skin friction and Nusselt number increase substantially with increasing values of characteristic length and couple stress parameter and decrease with the increasing values of permeability and Casson parameter, respectively. The computations have been carried out on the MAPLE programming language.

Computational study of magneto-convective non-Newtonian nanofluid slip flow over a stretching/shrinking sheet embedded in a porous medium

A Steady flow of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic non-Newtonian fluid over a stretching/shrinking sheet in the presence of nanoparticles is exemplified theoretically and numerically. In this problem, we have considered the thermal radiation and adjust the hot fluid along with the lower surface of the wall namely convective boundary-layer slip. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this parameter was here incorporated for the first time in such field of magnetofluid dynamic characteristics of conducting bio-nanofluids embedded in a porous medium. The solution of governing dimensionless problem is executed by Legendre-based collocation method (LBCM). It is vital to remark that the account for the velocity slip in the boundary conditions increases the velocity component. Also, the liquid acts as a Newtonian fluid when the Casson parameter increases. Consequently, those parameters contribute to the cooling plate, while others have the opposite effect. Thus, by selecting the appropriate fluid model and adjusting the governing parameters, the cooling/heating mechanism can be created. These results will assist the engineers in designing applications that require high-temperature nanomaterials processing operations.

Analytical approach on the free convection of Buongiorno model nanofluid over a shrinking surface

This article focuses on the two-dimensional unsteady flow of an incompressible Casson nanofluid over a shrinking horizontal sheet under the influence of inclined magnetic field and in an advance dissipative heat due to Joule heating. The proposed Buongiorno model for the inclusion of Brownian and thermophoresis enriches the flow profiles. Casson model constituents a plastic fluid model that exhibits shear thinning characteristics and high shear viscosity. The proposed fluid model also approximates the rheological behavior of other liquids like physiological suspensions, cosmetics, syrups, etc. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) that account for effect of Buongiorno model are converted in to nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through suitable similarity variables. Further, approximate analytical technique such as Adomian Decomposition Method is beneficial to carry out the solution of the transformed governing equations and the significant nature of the contributing parameter for both the steady and unsteady case is presented via graphs. Moreover, the major contribution is; the Casson parameter along with suction/injection favors in the smooth enhancement in the velocity profiles and the fluid temperature also encouraged by the augmentation in Brownian and thermophoresis parameter.

Hall Current’s Impact on Ionized Ethylene Glycol Containing Metal Nanoparticles Flowing Through Vertical Permeable Channel

From engineering and industrial perspectives, the transportation of non-Newtonian nanofluids in a magnetic environment has become an emergent research area. Motivated by its incessant boosting applications in advanced industries and technologies, a mathematical model is proposed to address the consequences of Hall currents on an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic flow of a partially ionized ethylene glycol (EG) transporting silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) through a vertical permeable channel subject to a strong transverse magnetic field, Darcy’s resistance, and thermal radiation. Ethylene glycol (EG) is considered as the base fluid. A uniform suction or injection is imposed at the channel walls. The thermal radiation effect is embraced in the energy equation. Closed-form solutions of the leading dimensionless equations are determined. The impacts of emerging parameters upon the flow profiles are examined and physically argued via profile graphs. The wall shear stresses and the rate of heat transfer are computed numerically, and numerical data on varying thermo-physical parameters are documented in tables. After a detailed analysis, it is documented that an augmentation in Hall parameter gives rise to the profiles of velocity components and shear stresses. Enlarging Casson parameter and Darcy number both urge the magnitude of the velocity components. A graphical comparison is provided for EG and Ag-EG nanofluid. The relatively lowest temperature is noted for Ag-EG nanofluid in comparison with EG. The current model may be featured in industrial processes, food processing, intelligent lubrication technology, high-energy cooling systems, auto cooling machines, etc. This study is very prolific to the analysts to understand the dynamics and heat transfer characteristics of non-Newtonian nanofluids through a straight channel subject to a strong magnetic field.

Contributions of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on the dynamics of non-Newtonian nanofluids flow past an accelerating vertical plate

The present study is focused on the contributions of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on the dynamics of non-Newtonian nanofluids flow with nonlinear buoyancy force. A constant magnetic field is applied transversely to the flow direction. The nonlinear couples partial differential equations (PDEs) and the boundary conditions were reduced into system of ordinary differential equations by using appropriate transformation. The transformed equations were solved by utilizing spectral homotopy analysis method (SHAM) and spectral relaxation method (SRM). A higher value of Casson parameter was noticed to decrease the velocity profile. The outcome of this paper was compared with previously published works and was in good agreement.

Numerical analysis of two-layered isothermal calendering of viscoplastic and Newtonian fluids with different viscosity ratios

Co-extruded multi-layer plastic sheets and polymer structures formed by calendering process or by cold rolling are widely used in the packaging industry and thin-film transistor manufacturing. The different materials are extruded from separate extruders into the single sheet die which delivers a multi-layer sheet with uniform layer thickness at die exit. This multi-layer sheet is then stretched between counter-rotating rolls to obtain final uniform multi-layer sheet. There are many factors which can influence this process. In this article, calendering a single layer Newtonian or Non-Newtonian material has been extended to analyze a two-layer calendering process for an incompressible Viscoplastic and Newtonian fluids as upper and lower layers with different viscosity ratios. To simplify the equations of motion, the lubrication approximation theory is used. The expressions of non-dimensional pressure gradient, pressure and velocity distribution of both layers are obtained analytically by using proper no slip boundary conditions and dimensionless variables. The dimensionless detachment point is approximated by Regula-Falsi (false position) method. The important engineering factors including detachment point, calendered sheet thickness, roll separation force, power input by rolls, torque on each roll, and adiabatic temperature are all computed. In addition, how the viscosity ratios and viscoplastic casson parameter affect these factors have been investigated. Moreover all established results in literature for single layer calendering Newtonian fluids are also validated at casson parameter β tending towards infinity.

Electrically MHD Casson nanofluid flow and entropy exploration under the influence of the viscous dissipation, radiation, and higher-order chemical reaction

The current study aims at studying the viscous dissipation and chemical reaction of higher-order Casson nanofluid flow and entropy exploration along with MHD and electric field influences. The PDE guiding the model is transformed into nonlinear ODE by applying adequate similarity transformations. Further, the equations are worked out using the Keller Box method. The influence of several parameters is observed by constructing velocity, temperature, and concentration graphs using MATLAB. It is observed that entropy shows a rising tendency in the case of radiation parameter, Eckert number, decays for Casson parameter, temperature raises for radiation, Eckert parameters, and decays for Casson parameter. Velocity profiles decay for the Casson parameter. Also, local parameters skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood numbers are calculated for Casson parameter, which is a function of Hartmann, number, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, which is a function of electric field parameter.

Entropy generation on magnetohydrodynamic laminar boundary‐layer Casson CNT‐based nanofluid flow across a wedge by using the homotopy analysis method

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to scrutinize the entropy generation analysis on magnetohydrodynamic heat transfer flow from Casson single‐walled carbon nanotube on a wedge with Joule heating and viscous dissipation. Kerosene oil is considered as base fluid because of its exclusive features, advanced thermal conductivity, application, and unique behavior. Using similarity variables, the regulating equations are modified into nonlinear coupled, ordinary differential equations, which are then tackled using homotopy analysis method. Impacts of emerging parameters on entropy generation, temperature, velocity, and Bejan number distributions are discussed and shown graphically. The Nusselt number and skin‐friction coefficient values are shown in a table. The results reveal that velocity enhances due to increasing magnetic and Casson parameters. It was inspected that entropy production enhances due to increasing wedge angle and magnetic parameter and decays with Casson parameter. Also, it is examined that the Bejan number upsurges due to larger Casson and wedge angle parameters but a reverse trend can be observed with increasing values of a magnetic parameter. The present results have been endorsed by comparing with the available data in the literature, it was discovered that they are in excellent agreement.

Approximate Analytical Study of Time-Dependent MHD Casson Hybrid Nanofluid over a Stretching Sheet and Considering Thermal Radiation

The heat transfer ratio plays an important role in the production sector, and hybrid nanofluid has more heat transfer as compared to the base fluid. Two sorts of hybrid nanofluids have been used for heat enhancement applications. The present research paper is aimed at investigating an approximate analytical study of time-dependent MHD Casson hybrid nanofluid on an extending surface along with thermal radiation. The novelty of present research is that the first time-dependent Casson MHD flow of hybrid is addressed analytically in the form of a series solution along with flexible properties on an extending surface. Transforming the nonlinear partial differential equation to nonlinear ordinary differential equation, we used the defined similarity transformation. The governing nonlinear equations are solved with help of the approximate analytical method presented by Liao. The impact of different parameters like Casson parameter, unsteady parameter, magnetic field parameter, porosity parameter, Prandtl number, Eckert number, radiation parameter, and Grashof number is presumed in the form figures for velocity and temperature profile. The current research article has a good comparison with the previously published work.

A computational study on the MHD Casson fluid flow with thermal radiation and variable physical properties under the influence of Soret and Dufour effects

AbstractThis research study discusses the flow of a magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid under the influence of Soret, Dufour, and thermal radiation. Nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE) of governing equations is transformed into a dimensionless version of the modified PDEs presented in terms of dimensionless parameters. The solution of coupled PDEs is obtained by the finite difference method with a combination of the quasilinearization technique. The effects of various dimensionless parameters are shown graphically, such as buoyancy force (), concentration buoyancy force , Casson parameter (), magnetic parameter (), thermal radiation (), Darcy parameter (), Forchheimer (fr), Dufour (), Soret (Sor), Brownian motion (), thermopohersis (), and Lewis number (). Prevention of heat transfer in the industrial system is critical, the velocity behavior (), thermal variation (), and concentration profile () are more prominent in the roles of coal, gas, and solar thermal collectors.

Exploration of the Internal Energy Effect on 3D-Casson Fluid Embedded by Porous Media over A Rotating Sheet

Viscous dissipation acts as an energy source and alters the temperature distribution, and extremely shear flows impact the fluid flow structure. Thus, the current study analyses the three-dimensional rotating Casson fluid flow across a linear extending sheet in the existence of internal energy and porous medium. The controlling equations for velocity, concentration, and energy of the steady flow are provided and simplified using the similarity transformations. The three-staged collocation technique, namely Lobatto III A was implemented in conjunction with MATLAB to solve the resulting equations. The physical characteristics of the relevant quantities were explained with the support of graphs. It was noticed that the velocity component decreased with the rise in the porosity parameter. For the improved values of the Eckert number, the temperature component increased. The influence of Eckert number, Casson parameter etc. on the Skin friction, the Nusselt number and the Sherwood number were assessed.

Numerical analysis of Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model over magnetic couple stress Casson nanofluid flow by Lavenberg–Marquard backpropagated neural networks

The purpose of study is to present a new nanofluidic model and its solution that describes steady couple stress magnetic Casson nanofluid flow in the presence of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux (CMCN-CCHF) system past a shrinking plat via aesthetics stochastic computing procedure based on supervised learning Lavenberg-Marquard technique as a backpropagated neural networks (LMT-BNNs). Physical quantities involve in the fluidic system i.e., magnetic parameter, Casson parameter, couple stress parameter, thermal relaxation coefficient and Prandtl number are assessed by suitable variations, which satisfy the dynamics of presented fluid model effectively. These are exploited for the construction of dataset for LMT-BNNs through a well-known deterministic homotopy analysis method. Testing, training and validation processes of LMT-BNNs are incorporated for the analysis of the CMCN-CCHF model. Accuracy of the proposed model through the statistical approaches ensures the reliability of newly developed LMT-BNNs computational intelligence solver. The reliability, stability and preciseness of the proposed LMT-BNNs for the solution of CMCN-CCHF via variety of statistical measures such as mean square error (MSE), error histogram, performance procedures, and regression/correlation curve fitting graphs are shown. Casson fluid parameter causes to enhance the skin friction profile but the presence of magnetic parameter retards the skin friction and local Nusselt number.

Heat and mass transfer analysis of chemically reactive non-Newtonian fluid with the implementation of generalized Fourier’s and Fick’s laws over a vertical sheet

This article focuses on the 2D nonlinear mixed convective MHD Casson fluid flow influenced by the gyrotactic microorganism boundary layer and nonlinear thermal radiation across the vertical stretching sheet. The solutal and thermal energy analysis is established applying the Cattaneo–Christov theory and thermophoretic impact. The stratification boundary condition and injection/suction effects are imposed on the surface of the boundary. The developed flow model PDEs are assimilated into nonlinear ODEs using appropriative conversion. The built-in Bvp4c Matlab approach is used on the converted nonlinear equations. It is analyzed from the graph that the stronger estimation of magnetic and Casson fluid parameters declines the fluid velocity by the occurrence of resistive forces. More heat transfer in the fluid was due to a larger estimation of radiation parameter. Additionally, it is found from the numerical values of tables that the improvement occurs in the skin friction with the augmentation of buoyancy ratio and mixed convection parameter.

An impact on non-Newtonian free convective MHD Casson fluid flow past a vertical porous plate in the existence of Soret, Dufour, and chemical reaction

The objective of this research is to explore the heat and mass transfer properties of an unsteady MHD natural convective Non-Newtonian, Casson fluid flow through a permeable vertical plate in the existence of Soret, Dufour, and chemical reaction. The aspects of heat and radiation absorptions are also factored in. Applications of the present study would be useful in magnetic material processing and chemical engineering systems. Mathematically, the flow field situation is expressed in terms of partial differential equations. The transformed flow-narrating partial differential equations of momentum as well as energy and species concentration were numerically solved using the finite element technique. Non-dimensional flow parameters were used to extract the numerical outcomes of velocity, temperature, and concentration, and the outcomes are envisioned graphically. The significance of the factors determining, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and skin friction is also considered. The outcomes reveal that raising the permeability parameter causes the velocity to improve while enhancing the Casson parameter causes the velocity distribution to reduce.