Cash Card Research Articles

Exploring the Impact of the Cash Cards on Taiwan’s Dual-Card Crisis under the Information Asymmetry

Abstract The purpose of the article was to explore the impact of the cash cards on Taiwan’s dual-card crisis under the information asymmetry. Accordingly, the article was based on the quality analysis primarily combined with the method of the document analysis and constructed the information asymmetry model ,including the two criteria of the adverse selections and the moral hazards. The results of the article showed that the impact of the cash cards on Taiwan’s dual-card crisis was no less than that of the credit cards even if the issuing scale of the cash cards was much smaller . The findings revealed the significant management implication for the financial authorities that the cash cards shouldn’t be ignored if the dual-card crisis needed to be solved. JEL classification: G01, G21, G28. Keywords: Cash card, Information asymmetry, Adverse selections, Moral hazards, Dual-card crisis.

Monetary Incentives in Clinician Surveys: An Analysis and Systematic Review With a Focus on Establishing Best Practices.

Surveys involving health care providers continue to be characterized by low and declining response rates (RRs), and researchers have utilized various strategies to increase survey participation. An important approach is to employ monetary incentives to improve survey response. Using a systematic review and analyses of 100 randomized comparisons (published in 48 papers) between monetary incentives and a non-incentive condition, this paper seeks to advance the understanding of best practices for using monetary incentives in clinician surveys. These analyses show even small incentives (≤$2) to be effective in improving clinician response relative to non-incentive subgroups, with diminished returns associated with serial incremental increases above that amount up to amounts greater than $25, at which point there is an appreciable improvement, supporting the use of higher incentives in this population. Cash and direct cash equivalents (e.g., cash cards and checks) produced greater odds of survey participation compared to vouchers, lotteries and charitable contributions, with lotteries and charities being the least effective forms of monetary incentive. Survey mode, timing and ethical considerations are also addressed. Noting the challenges associated with surveying clinicians, researchers must make every effort to improve access to this difficult-to-reach population by implementing appropriate incentive-based strategies designed to improve participation rates.

Jurisprudential rooting of the provisions of the prepaid cash card

Jurisprudential rooting of the provisions of the prepaid cash card

Determinants of perceived inflation in Algeria: an empirical study

This study aims to assess the determinants of inflation perception in Algeria. A survey of 32 items was held online on February 2022 where respondents were questioned about their perception for the last twelve months as well as their characteristics and behaviour. Collected data has been analysed using two Probit models. The results revealed that perceived inflation is affected by socio-demographic characteristics, especially age and education degree while knowledge about inflation rate doesn’t have a direct effect on it. Psychological factors also play an important role as price decrease awareness contribute to lower perceived inflation while individuals who doesn’t usually buy goods tend to report lower perceived inflation too. Atypical results have been found for consumer behaviour effect, as a more intensive search on internet translates in higher inflation perception while the use of cash card contributes to lower it. Finally, economic condition also plays an important role, as individuals with a kind of financial distress are more likely to report higher perceived inflation. Thus, perceived inflation in Algeria highly differs from official statistical rates due to many factors specific to each individual.

MACHINE LEARNING-BASED APPROACHES FOR CREDIT CARD DEBT PREDICTION

The primary concern in the stock market and banks that offer credit cards has been a problem over time. Regardless of their capacity to pay, most card users abuse their credit cards and accrue debt from cash cards. The most significant issue facing cardholders and banks alike is this calamity. Predicting credit card customers' default payments became vital to lowering this risk. Data mining approaches, including decision tree, logistic regression, and Naïve Bayes with feature selection methods, were applied to secondary credit card debt data to identify the significant factors that impact credit card default and to enhance the prediction of credit card default. As a result, the decision tree with Gini index splitting criteria forward selection wrapper method was identified as the best model with the highest percentages of accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and area under ROC of 76.39%, 72.02%, 85.08%, and 0.891 respectively. Additionally, the significant factors that impact credit card default are gender, education level, repayment status in July 2005, repayment status in August 2005, status of repayment in September 2005, and the amount paid in June 2005 and May 2005. This study may help financial institutions assess creditworthiness and give consumers insights into their financial behaviors.

Bank Customers’ Perception Towards Debit Cards in Sholinganallur, Chennai

The term "plastic money" refers to the sturdy plastic cards that are used in daily life in place of real banknotes. One sort of innovation that allows consumers to access banking services without having to limit their use to official banking hours is the use of plastic cards. consumers can utilize these services simply by possessing the card that the bank issues. They are available in a variety of formats, including shop cards, credit cards, debit cards, and pre-paid cash cards. For the study, both primary and secondary data were employed. In Sholinganallur, Chennai, bank clients using debit cards provided the primary data. There are 300 people in the study's sample. ANOVA, factor analysis, and descriptive statistics are the instruments utilized in the analysis. According to the study's findings, 55% of clients of public sector banks in Sholinganallur and 72% of holders of plastic money at private sector banks indicated satisfaction with the type and caliber of services they received. The paper seeks to examine how Sholinganallur consumers view debit cards.

Mixed-method study on the association between inclusion to conditional cash transfer program and the multiple faces of malnutrition in children and adolescents aged 3 to 19 years: a school-based evidence from Caraga Region, the Philippines

BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the association between inclusion to Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps), a CCT program in the Philippines, and malnutrition in children and adolescents and examine the perceptions and experiences of parents and other stakeholders on how 4Ps influenced child nutrition.MethodsA concurrent mixed-method study was conducted in the Caraga Region, Philippines. Quantitative data from 5541 children and adolescents aged 3 to 19 were analyzed using multilevel mixed-effect logistic models. To allow in-depth understanding of the programmatic components that support the findings from the quantitative study, eight focused group discussions (FGDs) were concurrently conducted, cumulating 33 participants, including 4Ps parents, school coordinators/teachers, and school nurses. A constructivist grounded theory approach was used for analysis, and joint displays were employed to integrate quantitative and qualitative results.ResultsQuantitative findings revealed high rates of malnutrition, with significant rates of stunting (12.0%), wasting/thinness (9.4%), and overweight/obesity (16.4%) among children and adolescents. 4Ps beneficiaries had higher odds of stunting and overweight/obesity compared to non-4Ps beneficiaries (AOR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.08–1.91; AOR = 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01–1.45, respectively). However, no significant association was observed between inclusion to 4Ps and concurrent stunting and wasting/thinness or overweight/obesity (AOR = 1.05, 95%CI: 0.72–1.55). Geographic variations were observed, with 4Ps children in Agusan del Sur having lower odds of stunting than those in Agusan del Norte (AOR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.23–0.71). Age and gender also showed significant associations with malnutrition. The qualitative analysis provided insights into the challenges contributing to malnutrition, including child labor, sickness, long distances to school, limited access to healthy food, and larger families. Unintended consequences such as cash card mismanagement, inappropriate cash grant allocation, and falsification of school attendance were identified. However, teachers and parents demonstrated resilience by implementing adaptive approaches to enhance child nutrition.ConclusionsWhile 4Ps beneficiaries exhibit higher odds of stunting and overweight/obesity, the program’s association with malnutrition was significantly influenced by geographic variations. It is crucial for social protection programs to prioritize comprehensive support strategies that effectively counter unintended consequences and challenges faced by beneficiaries and other stakeholders and address malnutrition in children and adolescents.

Menstrual cups and cash transfer to reduce sexual and reproductive harm and school dropout in adolescent schoolgirls in western Kenya: a cluster randomised controlled trial

High rates of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) harms and interrupted schooling are global challenges for adolescent girls, requiring effective interventions. We assessed the impact of menstrual cups (MCs) or cash transfers conditioned on school attendance (CCTs), or both, on SRH and schooling outcomes in western Kenya. In this cluster-randomised Cups or Cash for Girls (CCG) trial, adolescent girls in Forms two and three at 96secondary schools in Siaya County (western Kenya) were randomised to receive either CCT, MC, combined CCT and MC, or control (1:1:1:1) for an average of 30 months. The CCT intervention comprised 1500KES (US$15 in 2016) via a cash card each school trimester. All four treatment groups received puberty and hygiene training. Assenting girls with parent or guardian consent who were post-menarche, not pregnant, area residents, not boarding, and had no disabilities precluding participation were eligible. Socio-behavioural risk factors and incidence of HIV and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) were measured annually. School retainment and adverse events were monitored throughout. The primary outcome comprised a composite of incident HIV, HSV-2 and/or all-cause school dropout by school exit examination. The primary analysis was by intention-to-treat (ITT) using generalised linear mixed models, controlling for a priori selected baseline covariates. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03051789. Between February 28, 2017 and June 30, 2021, 4137 girls (median age 17.1 [interquartile range (IQR): 16.3-18.0]) were enrolled and followed annually until completion of secondary school (median 2.5 years [IQR: 2.4-2.7]); 4106 (99.3%) contributed to the ITT analysis. No differences in the primary composite outcome between intervention and control groups were seen (MC: 18.2%, CCT: 22.1%, combined: 22.1%, control: 19.6%; adjusted risk ratio [aRR]: 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.76-1.24; 1.14, 0.90-1.45; and 1.13, 0.90-1.43, respectively). Incident HSV-2 occurred in 8.6%, 13.3%, 14.8%, and 12% of the MC, CCT, combined and control groups, respectively (MC: RR: 0.67, 0.47-0.95, p=0.027; aRR: 0.71, 0.50-1.01, p=0.057; CCT: aRR: 1.02, 0.73-1.41, p=0.92; combined aRR: 1.16, 0.85-2.58, p=0.36). Incident HIV was low (MC: 1.2%, CCT: 1.5%, combined: 1.0%, and control: 1.4%; aRR: 0.88, 0.38-2.05, p=0.77, aRR: 1.16, 0.51-2.62, p=0.72, aRR: 0.80, 0.33-1.94, p=0.62, respectively). No intervention decreased school dropout (MC: 11.2%, CCT: 12.4%, combined: 10.9%, control: 10.5%; aRR: 1.16, 0.86-1.57; 1.23, 0.91-1.65; and 1.06, 0.78-1.44, respectively). No related serious adverse events were seen. MCs, CCTs, or both, did not protect schoolgirls against a composite of deleterious harms. MCs appear protective against HSV-2. Studies of longer follow-up duration with objective measures of health impact are needed in this population. Department of Health and Social Care, the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, the Medical Research Council and Wellcome.

Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Deep Learning Approach (LSTM) Under IoT Environment

Online payment has mainly relied since 2008 on having a rechargeable cash card that remains the most popular form of payment for e-commerce transactions. Using this card is not without risks because of its sensitivity and buying online is practical and fast yet it can be a risk when we do not know the sellers or their websites well and one of these risks is fraud, which causes great financial losses where the card holder's information is stolen and used illegally without the physical presence of the card by fraudsters who impersonate trusted institutions to steal personal or financial information via a tainted link. Most of the fraud detection systems have also shown their inability to fully detect fraudulent cards every time and repeat false alarms. In this paper one of the complex techniques known as deep learning has been used especially LSTM variant of the RNN to classify credit cards. Unlike traditional classifiers this technique is distinguished by its ability to learn. Concerning the classification by LSTM a set of information about the card is taken including time and amount.

The Successful Experience on Facing Information Asymmetry?—Cash Cards in Taiwan

With the opening of the establishment of new banks in the 1990s, it led to an excessive number of domestic bankers and an excessively small scale, which caused a decline in the quality of financial assets and eventually resulted in adverse selection and moral hazard under information asymmetry in the domestic cash card market, triggering a card debt crisis and serious social problems. This article examined whether the phenomenon of information asymmetry was improved after the competent authority intervened. The results highlighted the important position of the competent authority in financial institution management and made information asymmetry improved eventually.

Choosing Between Innovative and Traditional Payment Systems: An Empirical Analysis of European Trends

The current variety of payment methods offers faster settlements and reasonable security, however payment innovations may be met with inertia or resistance. This study addresses the characteristics which may be associated with the adoption of novel payment systems and salient user trends in this respect. We investigate whether the reliance on traditional payment methods across European countries is related to socio-economic aspects, and also delve into the payment habits at the individual level. Results from an econometric model suggest that financial market development and education-related factors are negatively related to the use of traditional payment instruments. When considering consumer payment habits and awareness about novel facilities, particular differences across generations emerged. Cash and debit cards are most widely used and it seems that such choices are related to perceived convenience rather than due to aversion towards novel systems.

Pengaruh Iklan Cash Card Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Febi UIN Sumatera Utara

This research is motivated by increasingly rapid technologicaldevelopments, especially in the economic field, namely the paymentsystem. The card acts as a non-cash payment instrument and makesit easier for the public to make transactions or transfers betweenindividuals. This shows that people have switched from cashpayments to non-cash payments which will have an impact on thecurrent formula for money supply. Stability of money demand inpotential member states is imperative for the feasible commonmonetary policy. This study aims to determine the level of influenceof cash card advertising (atm card) on the interest of Islamiceconomics students at UIN North Sumatra and to determine whetheror not there is an effect of cash card advertising on the interests ofstudents of Febi UIN North Sumatra. The research method used is aquantitative method. Collecting data distributing respondentsIslamic economics S1 Stambuk 2019.. Research data collection usesthe questionnaire method with the Likert scale method and is givento 100 respondents. In this study, the data analysis techniques usedwere descriptive analysis and uji t using SPSS 15.0. The results ofthis study indicate that the effect of cash card advertising on theinterest of Islamic economics students at FEBI UIN North Sumatrais 15.49%. After passing several tests, it can be concluded that theeffect of cash card advertising is significant or there is a positiveinfluence on student interest

TRANSITIONAL EXPERIENCES OF TERTIARY EDUCATION SUBSIDY GRANTEES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

This is a qualitative research describing the transitional experiences of Tertiary Education Subsidy grantees in Eastern Visayas. The participants were fifteen (15) purposively selected key informants from different SUCs in Region VIII. Using thematic analysis, the results revealed that prior to inclusion to the Tertiary Education Subsidy Grant the participants experience financial difficulties in sustaining their school and household needs; as a TES grantee, participants indicated a positive impact of the grant to their family and personal economic capacity; participants reported the problems they encountered such as delayed release of fund and difficulty in the enrolment of new cash card; the grantees claimed that they were thankful for the said grant and expressed their gratitude to the government. KEYWORDS: TES Grantees, transitional experiences, personality adjustments, subsidy

Incentive delivery timing and follow-up survey completion in a prospective cohort study of injured children: a randomized experiment comparing prepaid and postpaid incentives

BackgroundRetaining participants over time is a frequent challenge in research studies evaluating long-term health outcomes. This study’s objective was to compare the impact of prepaid and postpaid incentives on response to a six-month follow-up survey.MethodsWe conducted an experiment to compare response between participants randomized to receive either prepaid or postpaid cash card incentives within a multisite study of children under 15 years in age who were hospitalized for a serious, severe, or critical injury. Participants were parents or guardians of enrolled children. The primary outcome was survey response. We also examined whether demographic characteristics were associated with response and if incentive timing influenced the relationship between demographic characteristics and response. We evaluated whether incentive timing was associated with the number of calls needed for contact.ResultsThe study enrolled 427 children, and parents of 420 children were included in this analysis. Follow-up survey response did not differ according to the assigned treatment arm, with the percentage of parents responding to the survey being 68.1% for the prepaid incentive and 66.7% with the postpaid incentive. Likelihood of response varied by demographics. Spanish-speaking parents and parents with lower income and lower educational attainment were less likely to respond. Parents of Hispanic/Latino children and children with Medicaid insurance were also less likely to respond. We found no relationship between the assigned incentive treatment and the demographics of respondents compared to non-respondents.ConclusionsPrepaid and postpaid incentives can obtain similar participation in longitudinal pediatric critical care outcomes research. Incentives alone do not ensure retention of all demographic subgroups. Strategies for improving representation of hard-to-reach populations are needed to address health disparities and ensure the generalizability of studies using these results.

Cash, credit card, or mobile? Examining customer payment preferences at chain restaurants in Taiwan

ABSTRACT During the COVID-19 pandemic, restaurant customers tended to avoid cash payment to prevent interpersonal contact, resulting in an increased global trend of mobile pay. Following this trend, this study aims to examine why consumers vary in their payment preferences at chain restaurants (mobile vs. traditional payments) as well as how their preferences influence their perceptions and intentions to use mobile payments. Research findings were derived from two online panel surveys with a total of 1,200 Taiwanese mobile phone users. Regression analyses and analysis of variance were used to examine the antecedents and consequences of the preferred payment methods at chain restaurants. The results showed that customers who preferred traditional payment methods (cash or credit card) perceived mobile payment as not very useful, somewhat risky, and not popular within their social groups. On the contrary, more innovative and venturous customers perceived mobile payment as very convenient, low risk, and fun to use. This research provides valuable information for chain restaurant owners to develop strategies to increase the use of their mobile apps based on customers’ preferred payment methods.

ПУТИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКВАЙРИНГА В РОССИИ

Acquiring is a relevant ban- king service as the volume of non-cash money turnover, purchases with use of cash cards, electronic money, calculations on the Internet grows at rather big rates what also development of remote technologies of trade and services, and visible convenience to the buyer and the sel- ler, and partly – restrictions which took place in the period of COVID-19 pandemic influences. At the same time, for carrying out such payments and use of such tool’s services of bank in proces- sing, transfer of payments, informing on payment of the seller are required. It also defines deve- lopment trade and Internet acquiring as relevant banking services. Article purpose – the analysis of features, trends and problems of development of acquiring in Russia at the present stage. Me- thods of a research are connected with the analysis of the theoretical and conceptual provisions connected with acquiring as essential and re- levant banking service and also the analysis of dynamics and structure of base for acquiring development (the number of cards, coverage remote service, the volume of calculations via posterminals and the Internet), tariffs of acquiring, volumes of the provided services of acquiring by banks. Results of a research allow to draw conclusions: there are problems connected with acquiring development (high tariffs, high cost of the equipment) despite rapid growth of vo- lumes. Perspective directions of development: development of QR acquiring, acquiring on the basis of corporate cards.

Towards a More Competitive Mobile Payment Industry: Standardization And Beyond

Abstract Mobile payments are becoming increasingly popular around the world. In countries like China, they appear in the form of barcode payments and are poised to replace cash and bank card payments for day-to-day consumer purchases. Against that backdrop, this paper analyzes the availability of barcode standardization as an approach to interoperability and ultimately to enhanced competition in the mobile payment industry. It uses the Chinese industry as a study case, which features a duopoly structure and shifting competitive dynamics among three definable groups of market players. This paper confirms that standardization can enhance competition and argues that, in this case, a government-mandated standardization is preferable to a voluntary one because the latter is prone to financial market failures. Along this line, this paper makes three suggestions for furthering the barcode standardization. It also advises prudence and competitive neutrality for the financial regulator and calls for more active involvements of the competition and data protection authorities.

Comparison of up-front cash cards and checks as incentives for participation in a clinician survey: a study within a trial

BackgroundEvidence is needed regarding effective incentive strategies to increase clinician survey response rates. Cash cards are increasingly used as survey incentives; they are appealing because of their convenience and because in some cases their value can be reclaimed by investigators if not used. However, their effectiveness in clinician surveys is not known. In this study within the BRCA Founder OutReach (BFOR) study, a clinical trial of population-based BRCA1/2 mutation screening, we compared the use of upfront cash cards requiring email activation versus checks as clinician survey incentives.MethodsParticipants receiving BRCA1/2 testing in the BFOR study could elect to receive their results from their primary care provider (PCP, named by the patient) or from a geneticist associated with the study. In order to understand PCPs’ knowledge, attitudes, experiences and willingness to disclose results we mailed paper surveys to the first 501 primary care providers (PCPs) in New York, Boston, Los Angeles and Philadelphia who were nominated by study participants to disclose their BRCA1/2 mutation results obtained through the study. We used alternating assignment stratified by city to assign the first 303 clinicians to receive a $50 up-front incentive as a cash card (N = 155) or check (N = 148). The cash card required PCPs to send an activation email in order to be used. We compared response rates by incentive type, adjusting for PCP characteristics and study site.ResultsIn unadjusted analyses, PCPs who received checks were more likely to respond to the survey than those who received cash cards (54.1% versus 41.9%, p = 0.046); this remained true when we adjusted for provider characteristics (OR for checks 1.61, 95% CI 1.01, 2.59). No other clinician characteristics had a statistically significant association with response rates in adjusted analyses. When we included an interaction term for incentive type and city, the favorable impact of checks on response rates was evident only in Los Angeles and Philadelphia.ConclusionsAn up-front cash card incentive requiring email activation may be less effective in eliciting clinician responses than up-front checks. However, the benefit of checks for clinician response rates may depend on clinicians’ geographic location.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03351803), November 24, 2017.

Upaya Penyelesaian Sengketa atas Gagalnya Pengisian Saldo (Top Up) yang dialami Pengguna Kartu Tap Cash Bank Negara Indonesia

Writing aims to find out the effort to resolve disputes for Tap Cash BNI card users who have failed to top up, which results in losses to consumers. The focus of the problem is how to resolve disputes between the banks as Tap Cash card issuers and consumers of electronic money users. This research begins by reviewing various laws and regulations which form the basis of legal protection for card users, for this reason, it is used normative juridical research, by reviewing the applicable laws and regulations. the author also uses the concept of the rule of law which is obliged to provide legal guarantees. In the matter of efforts to resolve disputes for consumers using the BNI Tap Cash card, the concept of legal protection also applies based on the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and Financial Services Authority Regulation Number: 1 / POJK.07 / 2013 concerning Consumer Protection of the Financial Services Sector. Analysis of legal materials used is the analysis of legal materials with a deductive method which is a research method based on general concepts to provide concrete explanations of specific legal issues, data is collected through seminars, articles, and interviews and analyzed qualitatively. Based on the results of research conducted on the problem, it was found several forms of settlement efforts provided by the BNI bank namely the resolution of disputes outside the court and the resolution of disputes through the court.

Smart Card Reader for Engineering Students [SCR - All in One

Magnetic strip cards have very low storage mainly a few bytes and in general smart cards can store hundred times more information than magnetic. With more space to store information, smart cards can have more use and may be more versatile than magnetic cards, in addition to being a student identification card it could also be used to store monetary values such as a cash card for retail and as an access card to login to computers and enter rooms. Smart cards have the benefits of storing comprehensive records with the advantages of accuracy and reliability, in other words it can he seen as a mobile database.Our implementation will be very useful to trace the students for college gate, Hostel gate, Library, Transport, Academic attendance, Academic scores, Student details, Achievements. Once college administrator will store student details, staff details and authentication details after that student will be traced and information store automatically to concern database. Then the attendance IS sent to parents via SMS. Student’s will store their attendance via biometric fingerprint reader without staff intervention.