Cases Of Chronic Superficial Gastritis Research Articles

Role of P53, SOX2, and SOX9 in chronic gastritis, precancerous gastric lesions, and gastric carcinoma in relation to Helicobacter pylori: an immunohistochemical study

Background Helicobacter pylori has been known as the strongest risk factor in developing gastric carcinoma (GC) through a cascade of epithelial changes that lead to precancerous lesions, which predispose to GC. Aim This study was designed to investigate the expression of P53, SOX2, and SOX9 in H. pylori chronic gastritis, precancerous gastric lesions, and GC. Patients and methods A total of 57 cases of chronic gastritis were selected [37 cases of chronic superficial gastritis without intestinal metaplasia (IM) and 20 cases showed IM], 18 cases of dysplasia, and 30 cases of GC, besides six normal gastric endoscopic biopsies. Giemsa stains were used to detect H. pylori colonies. Immunohistochemical technique was applied to detect P53, SOX2, and SOX9 expression and correlate them with clinicopathological finding. Results Both P53 and SOX9 expressions were statistically increased from normal gastric mucosa through chronic superficial gastritis, IM, dysplastic cases, and GC. In contrast, SOX2 expression was observed in 9.5% of GC, compared with 83.3% of normal mucosa. Among H. pylori-infected cases, P53 expression was found in 53.8% of chronic superficial gastritis, 81.2% of metaplasia, 88.8% of dysplasia, and 80% of GC cases (P 0.05). SOX9 was significantly positively correlated with depth of invasion, grade of the tumor, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis of GC (P 0.05). SOX2 was significantly inversely correlated with the grade of the tumor, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. A positive significant was found between P53 and SOX9 in chronic superficial gastritis, IM, dysplasia, and carcinoma cases in relation to H. pylori infection. Conclusion It was elucidated that H. pylori infection can strength and contribute in SOX9 and P53 mutation, considering H. pylori a risk factor for gastric carcinogenesis. It was concluded that SOX2 is able to repress SOX9 and/or P53 expression, which might be one of the molecular mechanisms involved to maintain normal gastric differentiation. SOX9 overexpression and SOX2 suppression that occur in H. pylori infection could lead to IM.

围大寒火龙灸对慢性浅表性胃炎23例原始观察

围大寒火龙灸对慢性浅表性胃炎23例原始观察

Analysis of the clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Objective To investigate the clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD). Methods The clinical data of 62 cases of GERD patients with esomeprazole therapy(GERD group) in the Central Hospital of Chaoyang from February 2012 to December 2015 was analyzed, and 65 cases of chronic superficial gastritis were served as control group.The Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) score of two groups were observed.The relationship between RDQ score, HAMD score and HAMA score in patients with GERD was analyzed, and the influence factors of the treatment efficacy were analyzed by Logistic. Results HAMD score, HAMA score of GERD group were (19.8 ±7.9) points, (15.9 ±5.6) points, and of control group were (7.9± 1.2) points, (6.7 ±1.0) points, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05 ). HAMD, HAMA and RDQ scores were positively correlated of GERD group(correlation coefficients were 0.401, 0.382, P<0.05). Two months after treatment with esomeprazole, there were 34 cases with markedly effective, 10 cases with effective, 18 cases with invalid, and the remission rate was 71%(44/62). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that non erosive peptic esophagitis(NERD)(OR=2.483, 95%CI: 1.247-4.944, P<0.05) and female(OR=2.421, 95% CI: 1.259-4.657, P<0.01) were the independent predictor of esomeprazole in the treatment. Conclusion GERD patients are accompanied by depression and anxiety and other psychological symptoms, the clinical symptoms of some patients with PPI treatment still cannot be alleviated.NERD subtype, female and depression anxiety are the main factors affecting the treatment effect. Key words: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; Non erosive gastro esophagitis; Reflux esophagitis; Esomeprazole; Logistic regression analysis

Efficacy observation on 124 elderly cases of chronic superficial gastritis treated by teprenone

Objective To study the efficacy of Teprenone in treatment of chronic superficial gastritis in the elderly.Methods 124 elderly patients with chronic superficial gastritis from 2010 to 2012 in our hospital,were selected as research object.They were divided into two groups according helicobacter pylori infection.All patients underwent gastroscopy,using the Teprenone capsule (50 mg,3 times/d) to treat them.The entire treatment needed eight weeks.Results After the treatment,63 of the Hp+ group' s patients improved their symptoms such as nausea,belching,heartburn and acid reflux,the success rate was 92.6％; 50 of the Hp-group' s patients improved their symptoms,the success rate was 89.3％.The result of the gastroscopy,Hp+ group had 37 patients improved (54.4％);Hp-group had 27 patients improved (48.2％).The results showed no statistical significant difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion Teprenone is able to protect the gastric mucosa,it can cure the chronic superficial gastritis in the elderly.But it' s not acid-fast,and can' t kill the helicobacter pylori,if the patients' Hp is positive,it needs other medication for anti-infection. Key words: Teprenone; Elderly; Chronic superficial gastritis

The relationship between the expression of bFGF in gastric cancer and precancerous lesions

Objective To explore the relationship of bFGF in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.Methods The expression of bFGF was determined by immunohistochemical method in 130 gastric specimens including 30 cases of chronic superficial gastritis,30 cases of intestinal metaplasia,30 cases of dysplasia and 40 cases of gastric carcinomas.Results In control group with chronic superficial gastritis,precancerous group,and gastric carcinoma group,the expression level of bFGF had a increasing tendency(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of bFGF was up-regulated in the carcinogenesis of gastric carcinoma. Key words: Stomach neoplasms; Fibroblast growth factor-2

-4,CA19-9 in gastric juice in diagnosis of gastriccarcinoma

：Objective To explore thepossibility of united test of CA72-4, CA19-9 in gastric juice in diagnosis of gastriccarcinoma.Methods The gastric juices were respectively obtained by liquid collector madeby ourselves through gastreecope in study group(30 cases of gastric cancer) and controlgroups(32 cases of gastratrophia,30 cases of gastric ulcer,and 30 cases of chronicsuperficial gastritis).The gastric juice content of CA72-4, CA19-9 were determinedsynchronously with ES-300 auto-enzymoimmuno-analyzer.Results The gastric juice contents ofCA72-4,CA19-9 were (83.54±143.70) U/ml and (47.05±29.64) U/ml, and the positive rateswere 76.66% and 43.33% in study group,respectively,and all higher than those of controlgroups(P <0.01 ).The level of CA72-4 was high in two of 32 patients withgastratrophia,and one was diagnosed as gastric carcinoma after nine monthsfollow-up.Conclusion The combined detection of CA72-4 and CA19-9 provide main evidence forthe diagnosis of gastric cancer and diagnostric significance of advanced gastric cancer.

Expression and significance of caudal type transcription factor-2 in gastric mucosa at different stages of gastric carcinogenesis

To investigate the expression and significance of caudal type transcription factor-2 (Cdx2) in gastric mucosa at different stages of carcinogenesis. By using ABC immunohistochemistry, the expression of Cdx2 was detected in the biopsy specimens of 104 cases of chronic superficial gastritis, 98 cases of chronic atrophic gastritis, 112 cases of intestinal metaplasia, 106 cases of dysplasia and 97 cases of intestinal-type gastric carcinoma. Cdx2 was expressed in the specimens of intestinal metaplasia with an expression rate of 86.6% (97/112), significantly higher than those in dysplasia (58.5%, 62/106) and intestinal-type gastric carcinoma (56.9%, 53/93) (both P < 0.01), while was not expressed in the specimens of chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis. No significant difference was found between the expression rate of Cdx2 was between the specimens of dysplasia and those of intestinal-type gastric carcinoma (P > 0.05). Cdx2 may be a novel marker of intestinal metaplasia and may play an important role in the carcinogenesis of the intestinal-type gastric carcinoma.

Expression of trefoil factors 1 and 2 in precancerous condition and gastric cancer

To study the expression of trefoil factor 1 (TFF1) and TFF2 in precancerous condition and gastric cancer and to explore the relationship between TFFs and tumorigenesis, precancerous condition and gastric cancer. The expression of TFF1 and TFF2 was immunohistochemically analyzed in paraffin-embedded samples from 140 patients including 35 cases of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), 35 cases of gastric ulcer (GU), 35 cases of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and 35 cases of gastric cancer (GC). TFF1 and TFF2 were located in cytoplasm of gastric mucous cells. In CSG, GU, CAG and GC, the level of TFF1 expression had a decreased tendency (P < 0.05). The expression of TFF2 was higher in GU than in CSG, but the difference was not significant. The expression of TFF2 also had a decreased tendency in GU, CAG, and GC (P < 0.05). The reduced expression of TFF1 and TFF2 in precancerous conditions and gastric cancer may be associated with the proliferation and malignant transformation of gastric mucosa. More investigations are needed to explore the mechanism of TFFs and the relationship between TFFs and gastric cancer.

Diagnosis of Gastric Inflammation and Malignancy in Endoscopic Biopsies Based on Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is an effective tool for investigation of chemical changes at the molecular level. We previously demonstrated that FT-IR spectroscopy can reliably distinguish multiple types of carcinoma from healthy tissue. Because various stomach diseases are common, it is important to explore a noninvasive and rapid method to detect malignancy and gastritis in endoscopic biopsies. Our aim was to classify endoscopic biopsies into healthy, gastritis, and malignancy through the use of FT-IR spectroscopy. A total of 103 endoscopic samples, including 19 cases of cancer, 35 cases of chronic atrophic gastritis, 29 cases of chronic superficial gastritis, and 20 healthy tissue samples, were obtained at the First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China. A modified attenuated total reflectance accessory was linked to a WQD-500 FT-IR spectrometer for biopsy measurement. The spectral characteristics for different types of tissues were correlated with the corresponding pathology results. The gastric biopsies were classified by FT-IR spectroscopy and a discriminant analysis method. There were significant differences in the FT-IR spectra of four types of gastric biopsies. The discriminant analysis results demonstrated that the sensitivity of FT-IR detection for healthy, superficial gastritis, atrophic gastritis, and gastric cancer was 90%, 90%, 66%, 74%, respectively, which could help satisfy clinical diagnostic requirements. FT-IR spectroscopy can distinguish disease processes in gastric endoscopic biopsies.

Roles of Helicobacter pylori infection and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in gastric carcinogenesis.

Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is over expressed in gastrointestinal neoplasm. Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is causally linked to gastric cancer. However, the expression of COX-2 in various stages of H pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis pathway has not been elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify the role of H pylori induced COX-2 expression during carcinogenesis in the stomach. Gastric biopsies from 138 subjects (30 cases of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), 28 cases of gastric glandular atrophy (GA), 45 cases of gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia (IM), 12 cases of moderate gastric epithelial dysplasia and 23 cases of gastric cancer) were enrolled. H pylori infection was assessed by a rapid urease test and histological examination (modified Giemsa staining). The expression of COX-1 and COX-2 in human gastric mucosa was detected by immunohistochemical staining. H pylori infection rate was 64.3% in GA and 69.5% in gastric cancer, which was significantly higher than that (36.7%) in CSG (P<0.05). The positive expression rates of COX-2 were 10.0%, 35.7%, 37.8%, 41.7% and 69.5% in CSG, GA, IM, dysplasia and gastric cancer, respectively. From CSG to GA, IM, dysplasia and finally to gastric cancer, expression of COX-2 showed an ascending tendency, whereas COX-1 expression did not change significantly in the gastric mucosa. The level of COX-2 expression in IM and dysplasia was significantly higher in H pylori-positive than in H pylori-negative subjects (P<0.01). COX-2 expression induced by H pylori infection is a relatively early event during carcinogenesis in the stomach.

Expression of TFF2 and Helicobacter pylori infection in carcinogenesis of gastric mucosa.

To investigate the expression of TFF2 and Helicobacter pylori infection in carcinogenesis of gastric mucosa. The expression of TFF2 was immunohistochemically analyzed in paraffin-embedded samples from 119 patients with endoscopic biopsy and subtotal gastrectomy specimens of gastric mucosal lesions, including 16 cases of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), 20 chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), 35 intestinal metaplasia (IM), 23 gastric epithelial dysplasia (GED) and 25 gastric carcinoma (CA), and Helicobacter pylori infection was detected by Warthin-Starry staining. 1: TFF2 was located in the cytoplasm of gastric mucous neck cell. The expression of TFF2 was 100 %, 100 %, 0, 56.5 % and 0 in CSGs, CAGs, IMs, GEDs and CAs, respectively. 2: The value of TFF2 positive cell density in CSG with Helicobacter pylori infection was higher than that without Helicobacter pylori infection. (52.89+/-7.27 vs 46.49+/-13.04, P>0.05); But the value of TFF2 positive cell density in CAG and GED with Helicobacter pylori infection was significantly lower than that without Helicobacter pylori infection (18.17+/-4.09 vs 37.93+/-13.80, P<0.01 and 14.44+/-9.32 vs 24.84+/-10.22, P<0.05). Increase of TFF2 expression in CSG is perhaps associated with the protective mechanism after gastric mucosal injury. Decrease of TFF2 expression in CAG possibly attributes to the decrease in the number of gastric gland cell expressing TFF2. Re-expression of TFF2 in gastric epithelial dysplasia implies that TFF2 possibly contributes to the initiation of gastric carcinoma. The effect of Helicobacter pylori on the expression of TFF2 depends on the status of gastric mucosa.

The expression of hTERT mRNA and cellular immunity in gastric cancer and precancerosis.

To observe the expression of Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in gastric carcinomas and precancerosis lesions, to evaluate the immune state of such patients, and to then study the clinical significance of hTERT and immune state for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer. In situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of hTERT mRNA in 116 endoscopic of gastric mucosa. Analyzed tissue samples were as follows: 30 cases of chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), 44 of precancerosis lesions (including 27 of chronic atrophic gastritis, 8 of adenomatous polyp and 9 of gastric ulcer) and 42 of gastric cancer (GC). In addition, the T lymphocyte subsets (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), CD4(+)/CD8(+)) and natural killer cells (NK) in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometric analysis (FCM) in 30 cases of CSG, 27 of precancerosis (chronic atrophic gastritis, CAG), and 42 of GC. The data were compared with those of normal control (NC). The detected positive rate of hTERT varied as follows: 86 % (36/42) in GC, 36 % (16/44) in precancerosis lesions and 0 % (0/30) in CSG. The expression of hTERT mRNA was not associated with patient gender, tumor location, macroscopic type, lymph node metastasis, or degree of differentiation. It was found that the CD3(+), CD4(+) of the CSG group were lower than that of NC (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the T lymphocyte subsets (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio) and NK cells of CAG were remarkably lower than that of NC and CSG groups (P<0.05-0.01). Values of T cells and NK cells of the GC group were significantly abnormal when compared with the CAG group (P<0.05-0.01). Furthermore, with tumor progression, the function of T cells was weakened gradually. The expression of telomerase may be a crucial step in gastric carcinogenesis and increased hTERT mRNA may serve as a novel marker for diagnosis of GC. The immune state of patients with GC and precancerosis was somewhat depressed, which indicates the importance of cellular immunological assays in cancer patients.

Tumor suppressor gene p16 and Rb expression in gastric cardia precancerous lesions from subjects at a high incidence area in northern China.

To further understand the molecular basis for gastric cardia carcinogenesis and to provide etiological clues. Endoscopic mucosa biopsy and histopathological examinations were made on 37 subjects from a high incidence area for both esophageal and gastric cardia carcinomas in northern China. All the biopsy samples were fixed in 850 ml. (-1)L alcohol and embedded in paraffin. Each block contained one piece of tissue and was serially section at 5 microm. Immunohistochemistry (ABC) was carried out on these gastric cardia samples to determine the alterations of p16 and Rb. Based on the histopathlogical examination there were 11 cases of chronic superficial gastritis, 12 cases of chronic atrophic gastritis and 14 cases of dysplasia. The immunostaining demonstrated different levels of unclear immunostaining of p16 and Rb in normal gastric cardia tissue and the tissues with different severity of lesions. With the lesions progressing, the positive immunostaining rates for p16 protein had a decreasing tendency. In contrast, the positive immunostaining rate for Rb protein had an increasing tendency. There was a significant negative relationship between the two parameters. Changes of p16 was CSG 11(100%), CAG 7(58%), DYS 4(29%) and changes of Rb was CSG 2(18%), CAG 8(67%) and DYS 12(86%), (P<0.05). The alterations of p16 and Rb protein may play a role in the early stages of gastric cardia carcinogenesis.

271. INCREASED EXPRESSION OF HUMAN β-DEFENSINS (hBD) 1 AND 2 INH.PYLORI-POSITIVE AND -NEGATIVE GASTRITIS

Introduction: H.pylori is the causative agent of most cases of chronic superficial gastritis in humans and a risk factor for the development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Our...

Agar gel electrophoresis of proteolytic enzymes in gastric juice of patients with chronic gastritis.

Agar gel electrophoresis with proteolytic digestion of albumin substrate and subsequent Chromoscan analysis of the agar slide, were used to study the proteolytic enzymes of gastric juice in 28 patients with atrophic gastritis with or without intestinal metaplasia, 7 patients with chronic superficial gastritis and 6 with a normal gastric mucosa. Five proteolytic enzyme spots, designated I through V in order of decreasing anodic mobility, were found in gastric juice from normal controls. Of these spots, Spot II (pepsin) was largest; Spot III (presumably gastricsin) was next in prominence, followed by Spot I (prepepsin, presumably degradation product or products of pepsin). Spot IV, of slow anodic mobility (pepsinogen), was rather small and sometimes absent, and Spot V was seen only rarely and in traces. In 12 of 14 cases of atrophic gastritis without intestinal metaplasia, Spots II and III were diminished in area and well demarcated. Spot IV was often large and Spot I was most often absent. Twelve cases of atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia and 2 cases of gastric atrophy showed either: a) absence of all five spots (5 cases, including 3 of pernicious anemia) or b) a marked reduction of area and good demarcation of Spots II and III with absence or reduction of Spot I (8 cases); in 1 case, Spots I, II, and III were absent. In 4 cases of atrophic gastritis with or without intestinal metaplasia (of which 3 were associated with gastric cancer) a distinct Spot V was seen. In 6 of the 7 cases of chronic superficial gastritis, a normal pattern was seen; in 1 case the pattern resembled that seen in atrophic gastritis without metaplasia. We believe this method of analyzing proteolytic enzymes in gastric juice is of interest for evaluating chronic gastritis.