Case Study Of Wuhan City Research Articles

A Novel Impervious Surface Extraction Method Based on Automatically Generating Training Samples From Multisource Remote Sensing Products: A Case Study of Wuhan City, China

Impervious surfaces caused by rapid urbanization affect the environment and increase the disaster risk. Currently, most studies have extracted impervious surfaces by manual participation for training samples with medium-and-high spatial resolution remote sensing images. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method for improving the efficiency of training sample acquisition and the accuracy of impervious surface extraction. In this paper, a novel impervious surface extraction method is proposed based on automatically generating training samples from multisource remote sensing products. First, the preliminary sample area was constructed through the overlay analysis of the classification consistency area of three remote sensing products and homogeneous area detection based on Sentinel-2 images. Second, four spectral indices and digital surface model (DSM) elevation data were used for sample selection, and the pixels were further purified by variance purification calculation. Finally, by sample migration and random forest model training, impervious surfaces were extracted for other years with limited data. Wuhan city in China was selected as the study area due to a large number of interior objects for impervious surfaces. Sentinel-2 images from 2018 to 2020, three 30 m-resolution products, and DSM data in 2018 were used. The proposed method's extraction accuracies of impervious surfaces for Wuhan in 2018, 2019, and 2020 are 94.02%, 94.45%, and 93.87%, respectively. Additionally, with the resolution improved up to 10 m, the method is more conducive to distinguishing the boundary between impervious surfaces and pervious surfaces.

Analysis and Evaluation of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on Prevention and Control of COVID-19: A Case Study of Wuhan City

As the threat of COVID-19 increases, many countries have carried out various non-pharmaceutical interventions. Although many studies have evaluated the impact of these interventions, there is a lack of mapping between model parameters and actual geographic areas. In this study, a non-pharmaceutical intervention model of COVID-19 based on a discrete grid is proposed from the perspective of geography. This model can provide more direct and effective information for the formulation of prevention and control policies. First, a multi-level grid was introduced to divide the geographical space, and the properties of the grid boundary were used to describe the quarantine status and intensity in these different spaces; this was also combined with the model of hospital isolation and self-protection. Then, a process for the spatiotemporal evolution of the early COVID-19 spread is proposed that integrated the characteristics of residents’ daily activities. Finally, the effect of the interventions was quantitatively analyzed by the dynamic transmission model of COVID-19. The results showed that quarantining is the most effective intervention, especially for infectious diseases with a high infectivity. The introduction of a quarantine could effectively reduce the number of infected humans, advance the peak of the maximum infected number of people, and shorten the duration of the pandemic. However, quarantines only function properly when employed at sufficient intensity; hospital isolation and self-protection measures can effectively slow the spread of COVID-19, thus providing more time for the relevant departments to prepare, but an outbreak will occur again when the hospital reaches full capacity. Moreover, medical resources should be concentrated in places where there is the most urgent need under a strict quarantine measure.

Monitoring, analyzing and predicting urban surface subsidence: A case study of Wuhan City, China

Wuhan, one of China's megacities with rapid development, is facing serious surface subsidence. In this study, we combined MT-InSAR, geo-detector, and LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) to achieve the monitoring, analysis, and prediction of surface subsidence in the main urban districts of Wuhan. The effectiveness of MT-InSAR in monitoring surface subsidence was validated against leveling results. During the monitoring period, the maximum subsidence velocity and uplift velocity were −53.3 mm/year and 18.0 mm/year, respectively. We identified six subsidence regions and explored their deformation characteristics. Further, we analyzed the relationship between the surface subsidence and influencing factors using the geo-detector in a quantitative manner. Our study revealed that the distance to soft soils had the greatest explanatory power on the subsidence. However, we also confirmed that subsidence was affected via coupling effects from multiple factors, suggesting a complex reinforcing relationship among influencing factors. The interaction between the distance to soft soils and the distance to karst collapse prone areas had the largest joint explanatory power on subsidence. Further, we constructed a data-driven LSTM model to predict and analyze the subsidence. The results showed that the LSTM model achieved great performance and presented strong universality, suggesting that it can be used for subsidence prediction in large geographic areas.

Emergency Preparedness within the Hotel Industry: A Case Study of Wuhan City, China

The hospitality industry is one of the most vulnerable to emergency events and can be highly affected by various hazards. Within the hospitality industry, hotels are faced with multi-crises and disasters. Emergency preparedness is one of the most efficient ways to deal with emergencies and increase the resilience of the businesses, especially in high-risk areas. This research aims to identify the main risks that may threaten hotels and investigate the state of emergency preparedness of “five-star” hotels in Wuhan city, China, by conducting interviews among general manager and sending questionnaires to safety and security managers in the hotel sectors. Findings show that Wuhan’s hotels are exposed to a wide range of risks, and all of the respondent five-star hotels have plans or frameworks prepared for crises and disasters. Results indicate that there is an overall high level of preparedness for crises and disasters in five-star hotels in Wuhan, China. Findings also reveal that many of the challenges facing hoteliers are connected to emergency communication and tourist-oriented disaster preparedness planning. On the basis of the results, implications are discussed. It is hoped that this paper will shed light on emergency preparedness for hotel industry.

Influencing factors of housing price differentiation based on the spatial quantile model: A case study of Wuhan City

Influencing factors of housing price differentiation based on the spatial quantile model: A case study of Wuhan City

Identification and Mechanisms of Regional Urban Shrinkage: A Case Study of Wuhan City in the Heart of Rapidly Growing China

Abstract Urban shrinkage has been witnessed often throughout the history of Western cities and occurs concurrently with population loss, economic decline, neighborhood decay, and other profound cha...

Designing a spatial pattern to rebalance the orientation of development and protection in Wuhan

Patterns of spatial development and protection form a basic category of geoscience, and redesigning them is a popular subject of research in regional sustainable development that is important for ecological civilization construction. The authors here report a case study of Wuhan city using the circuit theory model and minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model to rebalance its spatial protection and development. The results show the following: (1) Using the density of the gross domestic product (GDP), density of population, rate of urbanization, and access to transportation as evaluation indicators, seven core areas of development in Wuhan were identified, accounting for 59% of the total number of streets, that exhibited a “circular-satellite” spatial structure. (2) According to the importance of ecosystem services, ecological sensitivity, land use type, and slope of the terrain, the resistance surface of spatial development in Wuhan had a stereoscopic spatial form of an “inverted pyramid,” with high surroundings and a low center. The area of low resistance accounted for 6.64% of the total area of Wuhan. (3) Based on coupling analysis using the MCR and spatial morphological characteristics of current, nine axes of spatial development with a total area of 427.27 km2 and eight key strategic points with a total area of 40.02 km2 were identified. Streets that were prioritized for development accounted for 9.63% of Wuhan’s total area. (4) By combining the characterization of the development axis with the structure of the three-level core area, we extracted the structure of spatial development of “one heart, two wings, and three belts” in Wuhan. The research framework and empirical results can provide scientific guidance for the urban spatial layout, the development of regional linkages, and ecological environmental protection in China.

The Effect of Urban-Suburban Interaction on Urbanization and Suburban Ecological Security: A Case Study of Suburban Wuhan, Central China

In developing countries like China, urbanization is still occurring at a rapid pace. During urbanization, the urban land expands drastically, which makes suburbs the most affected area facing urban expansion. The land transition has proven to threaten the function and security of ecosystems, and therefore the topics of suburban land transition and ecological security have raised much attention. However, the urban-suburban interaction, which is one of the basic characteristics of suburbs, has been insufficiently considered. The urban-suburban interaction is developed based on the flows of people, materials, and information between urban and suburban areas, and it essentially reveals the relationship between human activities and land-use optimization. To fill the research gap, this study adopts a case study of Wuhan city, and first quantifies the urban-suburban interactions from a symbiotic perspective, and investigates rural residents and public buses to verify the estimated interactions. The results show that there is obvious heterogeneity in urban-suburban interactions in different suburban towns. Correlation analysis and geographic weight regression are then applied to demonstrate the relationship between the urban-suburban interaction and urbanization in the suburbs. Additionally, urbanization potential in the suburbs is estimated. Then, a suburban ecological security assessment is conducted by a “pressure-status-response” (PSR) model, and the urbanization potential that is estimated based on urban-suburban interaction is integrated as a “pressure” indicator. The comparison between the suburban ecological security assessment results based on considering and not considering urban-suburban interaction demonstrates the importance of considering urban-suburban interaction. This study contributes to the understanding of the complicated relationships of urban-suburban socio-economic, spatial, and ecological environments, and offers suggestions for suburban planning and ecological protection.

Effects of transit-oriented development (TOD) on housing prices: A case study in Wuhan, China

Rail transit is becoming significant to urban growth and sustainability in China since China is investing more than 2 trillion yuan in urban rail transit during the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016–2020). Transit-oriented development (TOD) emphasizes using built-environment factors such as mixed-use, density, and walkability, to maximize the benefits of improving transit accessibility. Although studies illustrate how transit-oriented built-environments amplify the rail transit impact on housing prices within the American context, little attention has been paid to Chinese cities. Using a case study of Wuhan City in China, this study shows that a higher transit proximity premium of housing prices is more likely to occur in the place with more mixed land uses. Policy implications on TOD planning and land value capture near transit station areas are derived.

Impact of urban development on the risk of flooding: A case study of Wuhan City, China

Impact of urban development on the risk of flooding: A case study of Wuhan City, China

Spatial change and correlations of desakota regions in a metropolitan area using NPP/VIIRS nighttime light data: A case study of Wuhan City

Spatial change and correlations of desakota regions in a metropolitan area using NPP/VIIRS nighttime light data: A case study of Wuhan City

Evaluating Water Resource Assets Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model: A Case Study of Wuhan City, China

With the rapid development of China’s economy, the demand for water resources continues to sharply increase, which has gradually contributed to serious environmental problems. The Chinese government has proposed establishing a natural resource balance sheet, which is expected to solve this problem by assessing the value of water resources. The main purpose of this study was to assess the value of water resources in Wuhan from 2013 to 2017. Based on a fuzzy mathematical evaluation model, 15 indicators were chosen considering the three main aspects of resources, society, and the environment to construct a water resource evaluation indicator system. In addition, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight methods were combined to determine the index weight. Based on this, we calculated the value of water resources in Wuhan from 2013 to 2017. The results demonstrated that the values of water resources in Wuhan from 2013 to 2017 were US$2.910 billion, US$5.006 billion, US$9.223 billion, US$14.167 billion, and US$7.189 billion, respectively. Therefore, this paper provides a scientific foundation for the rational establishment of water prices, the assessment of local natural resource assets, and the preparation of natural resource balance sheets.

Application of Set Pair Analysis in a Comprehensive Evaluation of Water Resource Assets: A Case Study of Wuhan City, China

With the rapid development of the social economy, China is suffering from severe water scarcity due to improper management. Evaluation of water resource value is a crucial issue for innovative management in regional water resources. In this paper, in consideration of the complexity and uncertainty of water resources, 15 indicators were selected to establish the assessment system for its value in Wuhan City from the following three aspects, namely the environment, resources, and society. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Entropy Weight Method were combined to calculate the comprehensive weight. An improved set pair analysis (SPA) model was applied to evaluate water resource assets in the period of 2013–2017. For the sake of the dependability of these results, the James Pollution Loss model was utilized to compute loss of water resource value caused by the decline of water quality in the water pollution environment. The results show that the amount of water resource through physical quantitative accounting in Wuhan City fluctuates greatly. The initial change is relatively stable, then surges in 2015 and 2016, but slumps in 2017. The total water resource assets for Wuhan City from 2013 to 2017 are 14.221, 14.833, 28.375, 75.558, and 21.315 billion RMB, respectively. Therefore, water resource value accounting plays an indispensable role in the environmental protection and sustainable development of water, as well as provides a support for comprehensive calculation and management of various valuable natural resources.

Impact of environmental characteristics in urban green spaces on outdoor thermal environment: A case study of Wuhan City, China

The design of urban spaces could greatly influence the ability of green spaces to improve the thermal environment. Wuhan in the hot-summer and cold-winter zone situated in the central and lower rea...

Analysis of the Driving Forces of Urban Expansion Based on a Modified Logistic Regression Model: A Case Study of Wuhan City, Central China

Urban development policies and planning schemes are essential drivers of urban expansion in the contemporary world. However, they are usually investigated by qualitative analysis and it is difficult to use them in spatial analysis models. Within the advancement of technology regarding the geostatistical dataset, this study uses a field strength model to quantify policy-oriented factors and designs a modified logistic regression model to analyze the main drivers of urban expansion by selecting natural environment, socioeconomic development, and especially policy-oriented variables. Wuhan City in central China is taken as an example: the modified model is applied and compared with the classical model, and the driving mechanism of urban expansion in Wuhan from 2006 to 2013 is determined through spatial analysis. The results show that the urban system planning in combination with various anthropologic and environmental factors can be comprehensively quantified and described by the urban field strength. The methodological innovation of the classical logistic regression model is tested by statistical and spatial analysis methods, and the results verify that the modified regression model can be used more accurately to investigate the driving mechanism of urban expansion in the past and simulate the spatial pattern of urban evolution in the future.

Complex Spatial Morphology of Urban Housing Price Based on Digital Elevation Model: A Case Study of Wuhan City, China

In a city, housing price varies with location. Thus, housing price plays an important role in detecting the spatial pattern of the city. Spatial interpolation methods have been widely used for simulating and predicting urban housing prices. In this paper, the Ordinary Kriging interpolation method is used for producing the digital elevation model (DEM) of urban housing prices. Based on the three-dimensional DEM of urban housing price, this paper develops a novel approach for geo–visual analytics of urban housing prices. To investigate and visualize the spatial morphology of housing price, we design the Water-flooding, Section-cutting and Belt-floating methods, and implement these methods with the 3D-analyst module in GIS environment. Then, we take Wuhan City as a case, apply this approach to analyze the complex spatial morphologic characteristics of the DEM for housing price and visualize the results from the multidimensional perspectives. The results show that the Water-flooding method effectively supports the investigation of the top areas of surface changes; Section-cutting method performs well in examining the profile or cross-section of the urban housing surface; and Belt-floating method is helpful for detecting the spatial variance of the urban housing surface through the routes of specific lines. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach works better than traditional methods in describing the complex spatial morphology of urban housing prices, and has an advantage in visualizing the analysis results.

Evaluating spatial service and layout efficiency of municipal Wi-Fi facilities for SmartCity planning: A case study of Wuhan city, China

This paper explores an approach to evaluating spatial service and layout efficiency of municipal Wi-Fi facilities for cyber infrastructure planning in the construction of a smart city. Based on the equilibrium principle that Wi-Fi services supply should meet the spatial demand for recreation, urgency, and security, two evaluation models were built. In the first model, the spatial service efficiency of Wi-Fi facilities is measured by a mean ratio of three types of demand spaces covered by Wi-Fi service. In the other model, spatial layout efficiency of each Wi-Fi facility is calculated by a demand load indicator - the sum of the three types of demand space's ratios of served quantity to the average quantity it should carry, and then assessed by relationship with its adjacent facilities. Corresponding statistical methods and analysis processes were also designed using the function modules found in ArcGIS software. The approach was applied to Wuhan city in 2016. After overlaying influence areas of 688 Wi-Fi facilities with demand spaces of 137 access points for recreation, 1200.99 km roads for urgency, 121.54 km2 regions for security, the results show that there exists a spatial disequilibrium between supply and demand of Wi-Fi service in Wuhan due to lack of comprehensive planning. Specifically, there are 67 points, 700.76 km roads, and 42.59 km2 regions of demand spaces covered by Wi-Fi service, with service efficiencies of 48.91%, 58.35%, and 35.04% respectively and an overall spatial service efficiency of 47.43%. Among all the Wi-Fi facilities, there are 481 carrying saturated demand, 3 straying from the centre of demand space, and 204 redundant. The overall spatial layout efficiency of Wi-Fi facilities is 43.01%. The conclusion is that the dense and massive redundant Wi-Fi facilities should be optimized, especially in the centre areas along the confluence of Yangtze and Han rivers and new Wi-Fi facilities supplemented in other ill-equipped areas. Since many metropolitan cities experience the same problem, this novel approach will find wide application in the future and offer improved evaluation strategies for researchers and policymakers.

Selection of important ecological source patches base on Green Infrastructure theory: A case study of Wuhan city

Selecting urban ecological patches is of great significance for constructing urban green infrastructure network, protecting urban biodiversity and ecological environment. With the support of GIS technology, a criterion for selecting sources of patches was developed according to existing planning. Then ecological source patches of terrestrial organism, aquatic and amphibious organism were selected in Wuhan city. To increase the connectivity of the ecological patches and achieve greater ecological protection benefits, the green infrastructure networks in Wuhan city were constructed with the minimum path analysis method. Finally, the characteristics of ecological source patches were analyzed with landscape metrics, and ecological protection importance degree of ecological source patches were evaluated comprehensively. The results showed that there were 23 important ecological source patches in Wuhan city, among which Sushan Temple Forest Patch, Lu Lake and Shangshe Lake Wetland Patch were the most important in all kinds of patches for ecological protection. This study can provide a scientific basis for the preservation of urban ecological space, the delineation of natural conservation areas and the protection of biological diversity.

Modeling urban growth boundary based on the evaluation of the extension potential: A case study of Wuhan city in China

The urban growth boundary (UGB) concept is useful in the field of urban planning, but models that can simulate the change in UGBs remain limited to date. In this paper, we propose a model known as UBEM that can simulate the future UGB. UBEM combines historical trajectories of UGB development and its extension potential in each azimuth to predict the future UGB for one city. UBEM consists of two parts: 1) the radiation method (RM) is used to describe the incremental length between the urban boundaries. In RM, urban centroids are used as the origin points to generate a set of radial lines from each azimuth, and we calculate the total and annual urban boundary length increments for each azimuth. 2) the extension pressure of the urban boundary is evaluated for different azimuths based on the potential value, which is generated by selecting a set of variables that are related to urban growth potential. Multiple time series maps were used to calibrate the model to reduce the randomness in future modeling. We compare the calibrated modeling result with those generated by the uncalibrated UBEM and a separate null model, applying two goodness of fit metrics to evaluate model accuracy: percent area match (PAM) quantity and PAM location were used to demonstrate that the calibrated UBEM performed better than the uncalibrated UBEM and null model when modeling the change in the urban boundary. Wuhan City in central China is used as a case study to test the viability of UBEM and predict the future UGB in 2020. The predication result offers helpful guidelines for Wuhan's future urban planning and UGB design.

Integrating Spatial and Attribute Characteristics of Extended Voronoi Diagrams in Spatial Patterning Research: A Case Study of Wuhan City in China

Rapid urbanization has caused numerous problems, and the urban spatial structure has been a hot topic in sustainable development management. Urban spatial structure is affected by a series of factors. Thus, the research model should synthetically consider the spatial and non-spatial relationship of every element. Here, we propose an extended Voronoi diagram for exploring the urban land spatial pattern. In essence, we first used a principal component analysis method to construct attribute evaluation indicators and obtained the attribute distance for each indicator. Second, we integrated spatial and attribute distances to extend the comparison distance for Voronoi diagrams, and then, we constructed the Voronoi aggregative homogeneous map of the study area. Finally, we make a spatial autocorrelation analysis by using GeoDA and SPSS software. Results show that: (1) the residential land cover aggregation is not significant, but spatial diffusion is obvious; (2) the commercial land cover aggregation is considerable; and (3) the spatial agglomeration degree of the industrial land cover is increased and mainly located in urban fringes. According to the neo-Marxist theory, we briefly analyzed the driving forces for shaping the urban spatial structure. To summarize, our approach yields important insights into the urban spatial structure characterized by attribute similarity with geospatial proximity, which contributes to a better understanding of the urban growth mechanism. In addition, it explicitly identifies ongoing urban transformations, potentially supporting the planning for sustainable urban land use and protection.