Cases Of Filariasis Research Articles

A case of filariasis diagnosed on gastric cytology

Cytological examination of gastric washings or brushing is a widely accepted technique used as a diagnostic aid in the detection of gastric malignancy. Occasionally, cytology may also provide valuable information concerning a variety of non-neoplastic disorders. This brief report is of the exceptional experience of finding numerous microfilariae of Loa loa type in a gastric lavage specimen. This observation led to appropriate further investigation and successful treatment.

Brugia-Like Filarial Infection Acquired in the United States *

A mature male filarial worm was found in sections of an enlarged, painful retroauricular lymph node removed from an 18-year-old resident of New Jersey. On the basis of its morphology and location in an obstructed lymph vessel, the worm was identified as probably a species of Brugia, possibly Brugia beaveri, a parasite of the raccoom. The infection in this case resembled one reported earlier from the same general area of the country, New York City. In the absence of demonstrable microfilaremia in this and other cases of zoonotic filariasis acquired in the United States, specific drug treatment after surgical removal of the worm is usually unnecessary.

Filariasis in The Sudan

Cases of bancroftian filariasis are reported from 2 areas in the east and west of The Sudan. Previously the disease has been known only in a small area in the central Sudan. The co-existence of onchocerciasis and bancroftian filariasis in eastern Sudan is described and the association of onchocerciasis and loaisis with clinical filariasis is discussed.

Cerebrospinal lesions resulting from invasion of canine heartworm larvae

In two cases of canine filariasis submitted to necropsy, a large number of worms ofDirofilaria immitis were found in the heart and pulmonary artery, although no neur-ological manifestations had been noticed during life time. Histological examinationrevealed, however, disseminated perivascular lesions resulting from the invasion ofheartworm larvae in the brain and spinal cord of them. Histopathological findings inthe central nervous system were as follows: (a) perivascular cell accumulations situatedprincipally in the Virchow-Robin space and (b) nodular cell accumulations, developedfrom the former, with tissue destruction in the neighborhood of the nodules.Chief elements forminag the cell accumulations were plasma cells and adventitial cells.Lesion (b) was probably caused by tissue desolation due to the mechanical or toxiceffect of larvae penetrating into the parenchyma and passing across the blood vessels, orby tissue reaction to toxic substances which had been produced by the degeuteration ordestruction of larvae penetrating into the parenchyma and acting as foreign bodies.Such nodular lesions may also be regarded as an evidence of the tissue reaction to thedestruction products of the nervous parenchyma. Lesion (a) was thought to be reactionto the inflow of toxic substances derived from immigrating larvae, into the lymphaticspaces, or to the exudation of toxic substances derived froxn mature parasites or toxicproducts produced by the former passing through the weakeuaed wall of blood vessels.In histopathogenesis of perivascular lesions, it should be taken into considerationthat edematous loosening in the wall of blood vessels of small diameter (weakness ofthe wall of blood vessels) is regarded as one of the favoring factors to allow the larvae totraverse blood vessels easily.As causes for weakness of the wall of the blood vessel may be considered the effectsof toxic substances and their products derived from the larva or mature parasite and themechanical effect of the larva. In addition, general nutritional di

FAKTOR SOSIODEMOGRAFI DAN PERILAKU YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN FILARIASIS DI KABUPATEN KUNINGAN

Filariasis is an infectious disease that still become public health problem in Indonesia. In 2013 there were 12,714 cases and by 2014 there were 14,932 cases in Indonesia. Kuningan is one of the districts that become filariasis endemic areas in West Java Province. The objectives of the research was to analyze the sosiodemographic and behavior factors that associated with filariasis. This research was analytic survey approach with case control study. The population of this research were all of case filariasis in Kuningan in 2017. There were 16 cases of filariasis in Kuningan so all of them were taken as sample. Sampling for control groups conducted with purposive sampling technique. The cases of these research and the controls were 48 respondents. The ratio of cases to the controls 1 : 2 (16 cases : 32 controls). Data collection was taken by observation and interview. After the collected the data, it was analyzed by univariate and bivariate analysis by using chi-square test. The result showed that 48 respondents (18 man and 30 woman) with mean 49.1 years old. Independent variabel consist of sosiodemographic (sex, level of education, level of knowledge, type of job, and income) and behavior variable (habit of going out at night, habbit of using repellent, habit of using mosquito net). Bivariate analysis showed that level of knowledge that had significant relationship with filariasis (p = 0.006 OR = 6.943). Based oh the result of this research, it suggested to Dinas Kesehatan Kuningan to improve health promotion program for community.

The fluorescent antibody test in the serological diagnosis of the causative organisms of tropical eosinophilia and filariasis.

The results of the fluorescent antibody test with sera from tropical eosinophilia and filariasis cases tested against four species of microfilariae are reported. The majority of sera from both groups showed the presence of antibody to the human parasite W. bancrofti. In the filarial group only those with clinically active disease of short duration showed a positive fluorescence reaction. Some sera of both groups reacted positively with microfilariae of the animal parasites B. ceylonensis and Setaria sp. These were species specific reactions as seen by diminished or absence of fluorescence after absorption of specific antibody.

FILARIASIS AS AN INCIDENTAL FINDING IN PREGNANCY.

THE IMPORTANCE of considering diseases, unknown or uncommon in this country, has received much attention recently owing to the increase in foreign travel and increased immigration. In particular, patients have been investigated for abnormal haemoglobins and alimentary parasites. Filariasis has received scant attention. Immigrants from Africa, India and the Far East may be infested by the nematode worms which give rise to the various forms of filariasis. At the time of leaving their native country patients may have few or no symptoms and as they move away from the insect vectors of the disease, spread in our community does not occur. Recently on routine blood examination two otherwise unsuspected cases of filariasis have come to our notice (Shaw and Pegrum, 1963).

Occult filariasis: its relatioship with tropical pulmonary eosinophilia.

Summary A review of the literature on occult filariasis and a consideration of the associated characteristic histological changes indicate that occult filariasis is caused by both human and animal filariae. It is assumed that the disease occurs only in persons who are hypersensitive to filarial antigen. There is accumulating evidence to show that many cases of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia are in fact cases of occult filariasis. It is proposed to use the term occult filariasis for those cases of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia in which a filarial infection is suspected or proved.

家畜血清蛋白に関する沢紙電気泳動学的研究

The Takata and Gros tests, related to some extent with changes in the serum proteins, were carried out on the serum of infected dogs and control. The Gros test was very sensitive and gave positive results when applied to cases exhibiting an increase in the globulin fractions and a decrease in the albumin fraction. The Takata test revealed a strongly positive reaction when applied to patients having an accumulation of ascites and showing a surprising rise in gamma-globulin, but usually gave a negative reaction when applied to carriers and non-infected dogs. Some of the patients having an accumulation of ascites showed a tendency that total cholesterol level decreased whereas others retained a high level of this substance.When treated with sodium antimony tartrate, infected dogs manifested a temporary decrease in gamma-globulin and a corresponding increase in alpha-2 globulin soon after the first dose was injected. Ninety days after injection, there was a tendency for gamma-globulin and total protein concentration to increase.Following the administration of carbon tetrachloride, alpha-2 globulin showed a temporary rise, albumin a consistent decrease, and gamma-globulin a progressive increase. In dogs which died of tetrachloroethylene poisoning, the most remarkable change of the serum protein fractions was an increase in alpha-2 globulin.Therefore, it was observed that serum protein changes in an individual case of canine filariasis indicated the reaction of the patient to the liver dysfunction. These changes appeared in a comparatively early stage of the impairment. The elucidation of these changes added something to the information on the injuriousness and effect of anthelmintic treatment on the host of parasite.

Filariasis in Turkey

An investigation involving 33 cases of filariasis in the district of Alanya (a Turkish port on the Mediterranean Sea), is reported, 15 per cent. of which showed nocturnal and diurnal periodicity. It is stated that 10 per cent. of the inhabitants of this district are affected by filariasis. On the other hand, the fact that a case of filariasis was detected in the district of Çubuk (Ankara) in a patient who had never left his native region is considered as a proof that this infection occurs elsewhere as well. Thirty out of 33 cases underwent Hetrazan treatment. In one, side-effects due to the drug were observed. Although it is impossible to be certain, I believe that filariasis has been imported into Turkey as the result of commercial relations with Egypt and Syria.

The serological diagnosis of eosinophilic lung (tropical eosinophilia) and its etiological implications.

Summary The complement fixation test using as antigen a 1% alcoholic extract of dried D. immitis powder was applied to the sera of: 228 persons with hypereosinophilia of 3,000 or more cells per cu. mm, 213 of whom were diagnosed as eosinophilic lung; 85 persons with mild eosinophilia of less than 3,000 cells per cu.mm; 119 cases of human filariasis; 33 dogs with D. immitis infection; 30 cases of severe ascariasis; 160 normal individuals. The test was positive, in the majority of instances in high titer, in 95.3% of the cases of eosinophilic lung, whereas in the various control groups, positive reactions in relatively low titers were obtained in only 5.6% to 21.2% of cases. After treatment with diethylcarbamazine, the FCFT titers gradually diminished in all the patients suffering from eosinophilic lung, becoming negative in 95.4% of those who had completed the full observation period of 30 weeks. It is felt that the FCFT can be used to differentiate eosinophilic lung from other conditions associated with an eosinophilia. The value of the test in the diagnosis of atypical cases is shown. In view of the finding of sensitivity to filarial proteins in cases of eosinophilic lung, the etiological possibility of a filarial infection, not necessarily human, is discussed.

A follow-up of 230 cases of bancroftian filariasis treated with hetrazan at the filariasis clinic at Dehiwala, Ceylon.

A follow-up of 230 cases of bancroftian filariasis treated with hetrazan at the filariasis clinic at Dehiwala, Ceylon.

Filariasis residuals in veterans with report of a case of microfilaremia.

Summary 1. A case of non-symptomatic microfilaremia due to Wuchereria bancrofti is reported approximately seven and a half years after exposure to infection. 2. The objective residuals of infection in 87 cases of filariasis in veterans consist of lymph node enlargement in all cases, especially axillary. Rarely, slight swelling of the affected limbs was demonstrable. 3. The subjective symptoms were complaints of dull pain and swelling of the affected parts after exertion, and anxiety related to the genital organs. The patients were not exercised so that it is possible that some of the complaints concerning swelling may have a foundation in fact.

Treatment of Bancroftian Filariasis with Hetrazan 1 in British Guiana

Treatment of Bancroftian Filariasis with Hetrazan 1 in British Guiana

Further Evaluation of the Skin Test for Filariasis in Man, Based on Results Obtained in British Guiana

by us in comparative tests with antigens of different dilutions. The particular features of our test as finally recommended and the conditions under which it was conducted were that: (1) a dose of 0.02 ml of a 1:100,000 dilution of Dirofilaria immitis antigen was employed; (2) a corresponding concentration of dog serum was used as a control; (3) early and doubtful cases of filariasis, and individuals who had been in endemic areas, constituted the test group; and (4) a large number of persons, most of whom were allergic to various substances, but none of whom had ever lived in an endemic area, constituted the control group. It was concluded that a dilution of 1:100,000 of D. immitis in saline, in a dose of 0.02 ml, was a suitable antigen for the diagnostic test for filariasis.

Heterophile Agglutinins and Cold Autohemagglutinins in Schistosomiasis, Filariasis, Malaria, and Leprosy

V. Summary Heterophile agglutinin and cold autohemagglutinin titers were determined in 123 cases of schistosomiasis, 104 cases of filariasis, 40 untreated cases of malaria, and 18 cases of leprosy. In schistosomiasis, 4.9% had heterophile agglutinin titers over 1:32, in filariasis 13% had titers above 1:32, and of the malaria cases 5% had titers above 1:32; in no case was the titer higher than 1:128. In the small group of blood specimens from lepers, four showed a heterophile agglutinin titer of 1:128. Of twelve quinine-treated malaria cases, nine had a titer of 1:32 or lower, and three, a titer of 1:64. Of the above group of 285 blood specimens, cold autohemagglutinins in a titer of 1:10 or higher could not be demonstrated in 279 or 97%. The few positive specimens showed no particular distribution and the highest titer noted was 1:80.

Early Filariasis Diagnosis and Clinical Findings: A Report of 268 Cases in American Troops

Summary 1. 268 cases of early filariasis are presented. 2. The infection was contracted in three Pacific islands. No patients were seen that had not been in these areas. 3. 263 (98%) of the patients had been in the endemic areas four months or longer. 4. The observed incubation period varied from eight to sixteen months when the period of observation ended, with history of attacks as early as three months. 5. The mode of onset and clinical findings are described in detail. The tendency toward recurrences, the lack of severe constitutional reactions, the characteristic lymphangitis of extremity or genitalia and the adenopathy particularly in the epitrochlear region are stressed. 6. The intradermal reaction with Dirofilaria immitis antigen was positive in 90.8% of patients and 10.5% of a comparable number of control individuals. 7. Elevation of the total number of eosinophiles in the blood was present in 64.3% of the cases. 8. It is suggested that enlargement of the epitrochlear nodes and the intradermal reaction might be used as survey methods in approximating the incidence of filarial infestation in personnel residing in endemic areas.

Filariasis of the breast: A mammographic study

1. 1. The radiographic investigation of a case of filariasis of the breast is described. 2. 2. The use of the method as a differential diagnostic measure in certain obscure cases is indicated.

A Case of Filariasis Combined with Relapsing Fever

A Case of Filariasis Combined with Relapsing Fever

Some Unusual Cases of Filariasis of the Scrotum and Groin

Some Unusual Cases of Filariasis of the Scrotum and Groin