A mathematical model that makes it possible to describe the Majorana properties of a system of free left-and right-handed neutral fermions belonging to the same type is constructed on the basis of transformations that include the chiral U (1) group and the Pauli SU (2) group, which mixes particle and antiparticle states. For massless particles, Pauli symmetry is exact and leads to conserved charges, a chiral and a generalized lepton one; the latter is a vector in Pauli isospace, where various directions are associated with Dirac or generalized Majorana properties. In the case of a nonzero mass, the scheme in question describes the combined Dirac-Majorana properties of particles belonging to A and B (η P 2 = −1) and C and D (η P 2 = 1) inversion classes, the condition M L = −M R being satisfied for their Majorana masses. For particles of C and D classes, the mass term in the Lagrangian and the Pauli charge can be related through the generalized-lepton-charge operator. For particles of A and B classes, these features are complementary, an alternative description of particles in terms of the lepton charge or two independent Majorana fields being possible in the Dirac case. In general, however, only representations of the latter type are realized, in which case the eigenvalues of the operator that determines the structure of the mass term in the Lagrangian serve as basic features.