Career Guidance Activities Research Articles

Реализация предпрофильной подготовки и профильного обучения как условие профессионального самоопределения обучающихся

The changes in the economy and social sphere raise the problem of revising approaches to the vocational self-determination of young people. Special attention should be paid to the system of general secondary education which requires significant modifications.
 The article formulates real challenges posed to the education system that affect the formation of vocational self-determination. The paper presents some benchmarks for developing career guidance aimed at schoolchildren and adults that are enshrined in federal, regional and municipal regulations.
 The author also describes some approaches to the formation of schoolchildren vocational self-determination implemented through pre-subject oriented instruction and industry-specific training in the context of cluster-network forms of interaction between the school and institutions of secondary vocational, higher and additional education, as well as with enterprises and business.
 This paper also presents the innovative project developed by Municipal Budgetary General Education Institution called "Secondary School No. 60 in Novokuznetsk" of the Kemerovo Region and describes career guidance activities within the framework of its implementation.

A broader educational and vocational outlook in compulsory education has consequences for social justice

This article explores a new approach to career education and career guidance activities within compulsory education, with a shift in focus from students’ immediate choices to supporting curiosity and an open-minded expansion of horizons. Sen’s concept of capability and approach to social justice plays a central role. A Danish project on career learning in compulsory school aimed to broaden perspectives on education and work among students in the final years (age 13–16) through experience-based learning and reflection activities. Concrete examples of ‘what can be done’ to develop a socially just practice in school-based career education and guidance are provided.

НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ПРОФОРИЕНТАЦИИ В ВОСПИТАНИИ БУДУЩИХ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛОВ

The article examines the essence of vocational guidance, substantiates the main trends in vocational guidance work in the modern world. Particular attention is paid to the use of information and communication technologies in career guidance work. The necessity of forming career management skills is shown. The aspect of involving parents in vocational guidance and career choice has been studied. The mechanisms of cooperation and coordination in career guidance activities are revealed.

PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATIONS OF SENIOR STUDENTS OF INSTITUTIONS OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION AS THE BASIS OF CONSCIOUS CHOICE OF PROFESSION

The article "Socio-professional guidelines of high school students ZSSO as a basis for conscious choice of profession" explores the peculiarities of forming the positions of optants on issues related to the choice of direction of professional self-realization. It is noted that structural social transformations require a qualitatively new approach to the organization of career guidance activities in educational institutions. When creating conditions to ensure a high level of readiness for students to choose a profession, it is necessary to take into account the attitude of the applicants themselves to this problem. Therefore, the aim was to analyze the dynamics of development of socio-professional orientations of high school students as the basis of conscious professional self-determination. The article highlights the approaches to outlining the essence of professional self-determination as a holistic process, presents its main indicators at the stage of optation and criteria for determining the degree of readiness of optants to choose a profession. The motivational basis of professional self ‒ determination as a system of incentives that motivate the individual to realize the need for professional self ‒ realization is determined. The factors under the influence of which the attitude to certain professions is formed are singled out. The article presents the results of questionnaires of high school students of Ternopil region conducted in 2011, 2014, 2017 and 2020, which allowed to analyze the dynamics of forming positions of applicants on issues related to choosing the direction of professional self-realization, in time. The most prestigious professions, from the point of view of the applicants, as well as the influence of the attitude to one or another profession on the choice of further professional path are determined. Changes in the preferences of optants through the prism of years have been studied. The list of the most desirable, from the point of view of students, directions of further professional self-realization is given, and also the professions for which demand among applicants decreases or increases with time are singled out. The motivational basis of professional self-determination is analyzed in detail, in particular, the leading motives for choosing a profession by 9th and 11th grade students are determined and changes in the formation of the motivational core of professional self-determination during the studied periods are investigated. The most important factors influencing the professional self-determination of students and the attitude of optants to defend the independence of their choice are analyzed.

ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ ОРИЕНТАЦИЯ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В ЦЕНТРЕ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

In modern socio-cultural conditions, the problem of vocational guidance is very relevant. This is especially true for institutions of additional education. The concept for the development of additional education for children considers the development of the sphere of non-formal and additional education as the basis for professional selfdetermination, orientation and motivation of adolescents and youth to participate in innovative activities in the field of high technologies and industrial production. The transition from a post-industrial economy to a digital one, the accelerating transformation of labor markets and employment structures determine the demand for new content of additional education. It should be aimed at developing demanded modern competencies, building a new system of professional and personal selfdetermination of students. The article touches upon such issues as the interpretation of the concept of "vocational guidance", the history of the formation of vocational guidance work, outlined modern approaches to the organization of vocational guidance in the institution of additional education. The educational resources of the Center for technical creativity of the city of Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region, are described, the purpose of the creation and implementation of which is the formation of softskills ("soft skills") and self-determination of students. The article also discusses such an area of activity as professional networking. The issues of work with social partners of an educational organization, implementation of a practice-oriented approach in education were touched upon. This article analyzes the results of a questionnaire survey of students of the Center for technical creativity in the city of Rybinsk, Yaroslavl region and their parents, concerning the motivation of children to engage in additional education. 450 respondents took part in the survey. Conclusions are made about the relevance and necessity of career guidance activities in the institution of additional education.

DECISION SUPPORT INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE CHOICE OF MASTER'S PROGRAMS

In the context of COVID-19, when most of the processes are transferred online, one of the tasks of digitalizing the main business processes of modern universities is the implementation of marketing strategies, in particular, for the implementation of career guidance activities, and helping future applicants - applicants for I and II (master's) levels of the higher education in the implementation of the choice of educational programs. Therefore, the need to design an information system for decision-making support for the choice of master's programs based on the results of career guidance testing is actualized. The creation and use of the system "Selection of a master's program" will contribute to an increase in the efficiency of career guidance work on the part of higher educational institutions, as well as a more conscious choice of an educational program on the part of applicants. Based on the results of the analysis of the needs of potential students (potential graduates) and other analogues, we have modelled a decision support information system for the choice of master's programs. The main business processes, types of users (applicant, methodologist, expert, analyst) and options for their interaction with the system, namely, the formation of tests, passing the test, the formation of recommendations (educational programs) and the implementation of educational analytics, have been determined. The option of realization of this system by means of Visual Studio Code and MySQL for definition of specialties and educational programs on an example of National university of bioresources and nature management (NULES) of Ukraine is offered. This web resource can be useful both for university students or prospective applicants of the University and for other users as the developed system belongs to the reference class. The directions of further research are determined, in particular, the application of data mining methods for educational analytics. The necessity of attracting specialists to create tests is defined to provide the basis for determining the educational program not only based on an analysis of future applicants’ preferences, but also the level of formation of the corresponding professional skills.

The main ways of implementing gaming technologies in the process of career guidance work for choosing the profession of an engineer

The paper considers play as a teaching method in career guidance activities of high school students and believe that play is most adequate in career guidance work, because with its help various kinds of students’ initiatives can be implemented, which is extremely important for this process. And from this position, play cannot be separated from activity and must be considered as a way of realizing it. Didactic research establishes not only the content, essence, signs, characteristics and features of certain processes, factors, phenomena, but also the conditions for their effective functioning. The main purpose of career guidance work is to form the professional orientation of students, to provide them with assistance and support in the process of self-determination when choosing. If career guidance work is carried out in the learning process, then it is of a specific nature. Its main feature is the close connection of the acquired theoretical knowledge with individual skills and possible skills that may be required in the process of professional activity, as well as with possible objects and tools of labor. For this it is necessary to simulate the possible future components of a particular profession, and all these components must be properly organized. Gaming technologies help in this issue.

Model of University's Career Guidance Activities within the Context of Lifelong Learning

In the 21st century, human capital has become the most important factor for the development of society. Human capital contributes to enhancing the position of Russia in global economy. Nowadays, education is an investment which provides the scale and quality of the economic growth, the prosperity of the country and every person in particular. Unfortunately, the formal educational potential of the Russian population is not used to its full. Therefore, the role of universities in our country is reconsidered; they are becoming the drivers of the growth in the economy and regional centers of innovations. At the same time, apart from education and science, the universities are responsible for the third social mission, a global trend with local characteristics. Having a huge intellectual potential, the University is able to influence individual regional processes. The authors consider the generation of relevant ideas for the development of continuing education as the most important and unique mission of higher education to shape the future of each child, create conditions for self-development of the individual, its career tracks that ensure continuity, identification and support of giftedness.

The possibilities of universal digital technologies for support the professional self-determination of students

The problem and the aim of the study. The problem that the study is aimed at is due to the need to change forms and methods of professional self-determination support for students in the digital society in order to prepare them for obtaining the specialization that is in demand and for the formation of the ability “to be able to learn" throughout the life. The authors purpose for the efficiency of career guidance in a digital school an approach that does not imply the development of a qualitatively new information resource, but that maximizes the spectrum of didactic capabilities of universal information technologies (spreadsheets, databases, etc.). Research methods. The analysis of fundamental scientific works on the problem of personal professionalization and the usage of information technology in planning the trajectory of career development were used to obtain theoretical generalizations. Spreadsheet processing technology is used as a universal digital technology. The study involved 109 students of the Institute of land reclamation, water management and construction named after A. N. Kostyakov and 25 undergraduates in the direction of 44.04.01 Pedagogical education (master's level) of Vyatka state University. To process the results of the pedagogical experiment, we used the analysis of arbitrary contingency tables using the Pearson χ2 (chi-square) criterion. Results. The essence of the concept of "universal digital technology" as a technology implemented with the help of modern technical means and intended for a wide range of users has been clarified. The stages of work in a software environment that supports the appropriate technology and is used in career guidance activities of a digital school are described: application of methods for diagnostics, determination of selection criteria for professions of the future, drawing up a system of tasks, etc. In the experiment the dynamics was assessed by the levels of formation of intellectual qualities, the most significant for professional self-determination of the personality, and statistically significant differences in qualitative changes, were revealed χ2obs. 2 > χ2crit.0.05 (8,9 > 5,99). In conclusion the authors generalized recommendations for educators: orientation in the proposed means; demonstration of capabilities through personal experience and for the professional tasks of specialists; monitoring a range of digital resources for career planning; comparing the needs of society with the opportunities, interests of students, etc.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОГРАММ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ПРОФИЛЯ ПО НАПРАВЛЕНИЮ ПОДГОТОВКИ ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ

Statement of the problem. The highest degree of relevance of economic education in the dynamics of the development of the “new economy” in the country requires modern approaches to the formation of a creative personality, both teachers and students who are able to understand the depth of relations among economic entities. Reference to bibliographic sources shows that the problems of teaching economic disciplines in the preparation of bachelors in pedagogical universities are practically not covered in scientific and periodical literature. The purpose of the article is to identify and systematize the problems of organizing and implementing career guidance activities and the educational process of training bachelors in the direction of 44.03.01 Pedagogical education, Economic specialty. The methodological basis of the research is represented by a combination of general scientific and special methods. As a theoretical basis, the provisions of economic theory and psychological theories are used. Research results. The authors focus on the role and importance of economic education, highlighting blocks of system-wide and specific problems in the preparation of bachelors, show the need to improve the relationship between theory and practice, increase the requirements for teaching economic disciplines through improving organization of the educational process at the secondary school level, and improving the quality of methodological components. The results of the analysis of a teaching process allow us to state that in general, the status of a teacher in the country is underestimated, there is no unity of interests between the labor market and higher education, and the practical orientation of economic education is insufficient. Conclusion. It is possible to solve the problems of implementing economic programs in pedagogical higher educational institutions at the state and local levels. It is necessary to develop a unified concept of economic education, covering the triad of preschool institutions-secondary school-university, to coordinate and use the capabilities of the administrative building.

Профессиональная ориентация обучающихся в условиях дистанционного обучения

This article analyses the system of occupational orientation of modern students, its impact on the country's economy and the labor market. The main problems of pre-university training arising during the transition of educational organizations to distance learning are revealed. The main ideas of using digital technologies in career guidance activities are justified.

РЕСУРСЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ОДАРЕННОСТИ ЛИЧНОСТИ: ПРОЕКТНЫЙ ПОДХОД

The formulation of the problem concerns topical issues of the prospects for designing work with gifted children in the educational environment of Altai Krai. The project is aimed at the formation of the institute of mentoring, at advanced training of teachers of the region to work with gifted children; at advertising activity on the resources of the pedagogical university in the field of systemic activities to develop the giftedness of individuals of different ages; the activities of the pedagogical university to support gifted children and teachers working with this contingent, parents of gifted children; career guidance activities to attract gifted applicants to the Pedagogical University.

Геймификация как инструмент профориентации школьников

Researched is the problem of new methods of vocational guidance of schoolchildren, because traditional forms lose their effectiveness and relevance. Such new method, as gamification, might ensure maximum involvement of participants in vocational guidance process, allow to “test” a particular profession in game created reality, and that will help to choose future career soundly. The purpose of this study is to justify relevance of incorporating gamification technology into career counseling activities and to develop practical recommendations on the use of live-action games to form psychological readiness of schoolchildren for professional self-determination. The use of gaming technologies and mechanic will allow the student to be immersed in created alternative reality, in what he gets the opportunity to feel like a specialist performing real labor function that gives a clear understanding of a certain professional activity. The authors substantiate the main advantages of gamification in career-oriented work, such as involvement, motivation, replayability and development of meta-subject skills (soft skills). The article offers three basic scenarios of live action games, as a career guidance activities for high school students, developed on the basis of the authorities’ specifics. The authors substantiate effectiveness of application of innovative methods in vocational guidance of schoolchildren. The scenarios proposed by the authors might be used for any professional activity, lend themselves to adaptation and modification, and not only increase effectiveness of career guidance measures due to the high degree of involvement of participants, but also develop meta-subject skills of senior classes’ schoolchildren.

SUPERVISION AS A REFERENCE POINT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' PRACTICAL SKILLS IN ORGANIZING PROFORIENTATION WORK

This article describes the experience of supervising teachers of psychological and pedagogical disciplines for students of educational psychologists, psychologists in organizing and conducting career guidance work with senior students. The issues of developmental work with an optician, vocational counseling, psychodiagnostics for choosing a profession are considered, and promising directions of vocational guidance work, difficulties and typical mistakes are considered. A detailed description of the preliminary work on the training of volunteers from among the students of the bachelor's degree programs "Psychology" and "Pedagogy and Psychology" for conducting career guidance activities with high school volunteers is given. The technology of sampling and documentary registration of permission to conduct vocational guidance work with teenage high school students is revealed. Potential possibilities of application of a number of psychodiagnostic techniques are analyzed. Recommendations for their implementation and interpretation are given. The effectiveness of the use of activating methods of vocational guidance and the expediency of their inclusion in the structure of developing training sessions are shown. The entire career guidance program is built in accordance with the content of the classification of professions according to E.A. Klimov. The article analyzes the experience and prospects for the development of practical skills of psychology students, teachers-psychologists in career guidance activities with high school students.

THE PROCESS AND STAGES OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-DETERMINATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIAL AND LABOR RELATIONS

The article discusses issues related to professional self-determination throughout
 life, as well as changing requirements for career guidance in the context of the transformation
 of social and labor relations under the influence of the factors of the fourth industrial revolution
 and the digital economy. There are presented the results of an empirical study of various social
 groups (schoolchildren, parents, teachers, students, working population). The requirements for
 professional self-determination are changing in modern conditions, and new subjects of professional self-determination are being identified. This article highlighted and described in detail
 the stages of professional self-determination (students in 7-9, 10, 11 grades, students of 1 and
 4 courses (bachelor), employed, neet-young people, pre-retirees and retirees) taking into account
 institutional and transformational transitions for each stage are given objectives, content and
 methods. There were revealed the tasks of professional self-determination at each stage.
 Each stage is characterized with detailed recommendations for participation in career-oriented
 activities of a specific orientation for building an effective trajectory of professional development. A list of measures was formed to determine the features of career guidance at different
 stages of the process of professional self-determination and their effectiveness was evaluated.
 The popularity of career guidance activities among respondents is defined and grouped and is
 presented in tabular form. The priorities of methods of professional self-determination are
 highlighted (with a breakdown into general, professional and individual orientation).

Career and Life Planning Education: Extending the Self-Concept Theory and Its Multidimensional Model to Assess Career-Related Self-Concept of Students with Diverse Abilities

Purpose: This article aims to (1) systematically examine the development of career guidance practices in Hong Kong over the past 40 years, (2) discuss developmental attention to the career-related self-concept of diverse learners, and (3) propose a multidimensional model of self-concept by integrating the career-related domains with recent advances in self-concept research pertaining to students’ in-school and post-school outcomes. Design/Approach/Methods: This article charts the developmental trend of career guidance and counseling (CGC) over more than 40 years in Hong Kong. The article also examines key findings relating to self-concept research made in the fields of education and career counseling in the past 50 years. Findings: For 50 years, Hong Kong has progressively recognized the importance of CGC. The government’s continued determination to refine its policies and practices in this domain was succinctly highlighted in the Chief Executive’s 2018 policy address. However, many challenges pertaining the professional competence of career guidance teachers and the ability of school administrators to manage the paradigm shift from informal to formal career guidance and counseling practices (CGCPs) remain. Meanwhile, the effects of these CGCPs on students’ gains of career-related abilities and interests directly and indirectly remain under-researched. Originality/Value: This article integrates research into the developmental trend of career guidance practices in secondary schools and the study of academic self-concept. The article builds upon previous self-concept research by proposing an extended self-concept model that includes the career-related domain, setting a theoretical model for further research to explore. Finally, the article demonstrates the importance of tailoring career guidance activities in secondary education to reflect the diverse career-related self-concepts held by today’s students with diverse abilities.

Концепция организации профориентационной деятельности ИСАУ и формирования ИКТ-компетенций у школьников

From year to year, the problem of the motivated choice of the direction of further education becomes more and more relevant for school graduates and their parents. The article is devoted to the concept of career guidance activities of Institute of the system analysis and management, as well as the system of additional education for schoolchildren to form the IT- competencies necessary for the successful completion of the exam in computer science and IT.

Current Problems of Modern Organization of Career Guidance for Students with Special Educational Needs at University

The article deals with the organization of career guidance for individuals with special educational needs in the Republic of Kazakhstan. This paper considers the professional orientation of young people with disabilities based on the theoretical analysis of the current state of career guidance organization. The authors pay special attention to the problem of effective career guidance activities, which largely depend on the comprehensive and consistent nature of these activities and involve all the aspects of the educational process.

Different counselors, many options: Career guidance and career plans in secondary schools

AbstractCareer guidance assists students with the school-to-work transition. Based on a survey conducted in secondary schools in Germany, we analyze career guidance activities and how these affect career plans. The take-up of career guidance depends upon the school track attended, and the school and the class setting, while personal characteristics are barely relevant. The effects of counseling depend upon the type of counseling provider. Counseling by the employment agency reduces plans for educational upgrading and increases the probability of applying for an apprenticeship, while the effects of counseling by school counselors works in the opposite direction for lower track students.

Профессиональная гибкость как условие подготовки будущих педагогов к воспитательной и профориентационной деятельности

Профессиональная гибкость как условие подготовки будущих педагогов к воспитательной и профориентационной деятельности