Need For Care Services Research Articles

Elderly Discrimination, Willingness to Provide Care to the Elderly and View on Aging of Students in Some Departments in the Field of Health.

Increase in the older people population brings the need for care services to develop into the forefront. In this study, it was aimed to determine the attitudes of young people studying final year in fields related to health sciences about ageism and their willingness to care for older people individuals and to define the relationship between them and the effective factors. The study was conducted in a mix style in May 2022. The study was completed with 342 students. Data were collected using the Qualitative Questionnaire, the Willingness to Care for Older People Scale, and the Ageism Attitude Scale. Of the students 73.7% did not want to give older people care. The total Willingness to Give Older people Care Scale score was 35.08±6.39 and the total Ageism Attitude Scale score was 82.53±10.07. The willingness to care for the elderly is significantly higher among students living in villages/towns. According to the total score of elderly discrimination, women, those who have never met with the elderly, and those who want to work with the elderly have more positive attitudes. A weak significant correlation was determined between the Willingness to Give Older people Care Scale and Ageism Attitude Scale in a negative direction. In the qualitative dimension, the themes of "fear of being dependent", "inadequacy", "with family" and "showing no respect" were respectively obtained. The students had a moderate level of ageism and willingness to give care. Students are afraid of aging, perceive old age negatively and think that they are not respected by society.

The correlation between the need for continuing care services, influencing factors, and social support and discharge readiness among discharged patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in China: A cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo understand the relationship between the need for continuing care services and influencing factors, social support, readiness for discharge among discharged pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 170 patients from a database of discharged patients with PTB from September 2023 to January 2024. A demographic and disease characteristics questionnaire, continuing care services basic modality questionnaire, continuing care services need questionnaire, the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) were used for this investigation. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the associated factors. ResultsThe mean total score for the need for continuing care services among patients with PTB discharged from the hospital was (121.61 ± 22.98). The dimension with the highest score was health education guidance need. Compared to the the original hospital medical personnel, the primary source of care information after discharge was the local medical institutions was statistically significant and negatively correlated with continuing care service need (P = 0.005). Social support was positively associated with need for continuing care services (P = 0.042). ConclusionDischarged PTB patients had a high degree of continuing care service need. Factors influencing the need for continuing care services are the primary source of care information after discharge was the local medical institutions, the social support. Medical staff need to provide targeted continuing care services based on relevant influencing factors to meet the discharge needs of patients.

Current situation and factors influencing elderly care in community day care centers: a cross-sectional study.

The latest census data show that people over 60 years of age account for about 18.7% of the total population in China, and the aging of the population has become an irreversible trend in the 21st century. This study aimed to investigate the current status and factors influencing the care of the elderly in community day care centers in order to lay the foundation for the development of better services in community day care centers. This study was a cross-sectional survey using convenience sampling in Nanjing, China. The survey instrument was the Day care and Elderly Care Service Needs Questionnaire, which included the Ability of Daily Living Assessment (ADL), the Xiao Shuiyuan Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and the Day care Elderly Care Service Needs Survey Form, and a general information survey. A total of 450 elderly people in day care centers were surveyed. The elderly had different levels of demand for day care services, especially regarding daily care. Correlation analyses indicated that age (r = 0.619), education level (r = 0.616), source of income (r = 0.582), caregiver (r = 0.557), satisfaction with care service (r = 0.603), and degree of ADL (r = 0.629) were correlated with the need for elderly day care services (all p < 0.05). The factors influencing the demand for day care services encompassed age, education level, income source, caregiver, satisfaction with service, and ADL (all p < 0.05). Elderly care services in community day care centers are mainly based on daily and spiritual comfort, and the needs of the elderly are influenced by many factors. Timely nursing care policies and measures that target these factors are needed to improve elderly care.

AI-Powered Solutions to Support Informal Caregivers in Their Decision-Making: A Systematic Review of the Literature &lt;sup&gt;&lt;a class="tippyShow" data-tippy-arrow="true" data-tippy-content="This article is an extended version of the conference paper: Milella F, Russo DD, Bandini S, How artificial intelligence can support informal caregivers in their caring duties to elderly? a systematic review of the literature. In: AIXAS2023 Italian Workshop on Artificial Intelligence

Due to aging demographics, prolonged life expectancy, and chronic diseases, European societies' increasing need for care services has led to a shift towards informal care supplied by family members, friends, or neighbors. However, the progressive decrease in the caregiver-to-patient ratio will result in a significant augmentation in incorporating intelligent aid within general care. This study aimed to build upon the authors' previous systematic literature review on technologies for informal caregivers. Specifically, it focused on analyzing AI-based solutions to understand the advantages and challenges of using AI in decision-making support for informal caregivers in elderly care. Three databases (Scopus, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Libraries) were searched. The search yielded 1002 articles, with 24 that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Within the scope of this study, we will exclusively concentrate on a subset of 11 papers on AI technologies. The study reveals that AI-based solutions have great potential for real-time analysis advancement, explainable AI enhancement, and meta-information semantic refinement. While digital assistants can personalize information for caregivers, security and privacy are key concerns. The rise of more integrated and complicated solutions reveals that these technologies suit aging monitoring and informal care coordination in emergencies or deviations from usual activities. Informal caregiver decision assistance can be improved in this scenario.

Factors Related to Feelings of Loneliness and Attitudes Toward Ageing in Retired Older Adults

Introduction: Feelings of loneliness and attitudes toward ageing in the elderly are associated with physical and psychological problems and increase the need for care services. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to feelings of loneliness and attitudes toward ageing in the elderly referred to centers covered by the country's pension fund Methods and materials: This cross-sectional study was performed on 235 elderly people covered by the Rasht State Pension Fund who were selected by proportionate stratified sampling. Data were collected using a demographic information checklist, Social and Emotional. Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA-S) and Aging Attitude Questionnaire (AAQ). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multiple linear regression model. Results:The majority of samples (52.3%) were in the age range of 60 to 64 years. 53.6% of them were male and 93.2% were married. 51.1% had high school diploma. The mean scores of loneliness and attitudes toward ageing were 6.0 ±27.7and 7.3± 81.1 respectively. loneliness score was different based on education (P = 0.004), monthly income (P = 0.017) and interacting with others (P = 0.035) and attitudes towards was statistically significant different based on age (P = 0.002), post-retirement employment (P = 0.044), living status (P = 0.005), use of psychiatric drugs (P = 0.008) and interacting with others (P = 0.043) . Also, after adjusting the effects of individual-social variables using multiple linear regression, the attitude toward ageing was considered as a predictor of loneliness (B=-0.22, CI95% ;-0.33 to -0.11, P=0.001). Conclusion: Attitudes toward ageing are one of the predictors of loneliness in the elderly. Therefore, by modifying some demographic factors and designing interventions and educational programs, it is possible to change the attitude towards ageing and reduce the feeling of loneliness in the elderly.

Care management needs of family caregivers at different stages of dementia

AbstractBackgroundIn Taiwan, more than 90% of persons with dementia who live at home are cared for by family caregivers. According to previous researches, family caregivers of dementia have a higher level of burden than almost all other diseases of old age. In addition, due to the different courses of dementia in each stage, coupled with the complexity of its problems, persons with different stages of dementia have different care demands. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the care management needs of family caregivers caring for persons with dementia at different stages.MethodA cross‐sectional study was conducted. Of the 250 family caregivers of persons with dementia were included. The Care Management Needs Scale (CMNS) was used to measure the care management needs of family caregivers, which is divided into six dimensions of needs (care service, psychological support, immediate information, anticipated information, referral and tracking of long‐term care resources, and individual case management service). The severity of dementia was determined by a neurologist using the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale.ResultFrom very mild dementia to severe dementia, the dimension with the highest needs at each stage are individual case management service, immediate information, referral and tracking of long‐term care resources, and care service, respectively. The overall needs, care service and psychological support in moderate dementia are significantly higher than very mild dementia. According to the needs of each item, the three highest needs are related to the dimension of immediate information and individual case management service in very mild dementia and mild dementia; in the case of moderate to severe dementia, care service began to appear in the three highest needs.ConclusionThe study concluded that different stages of dementia have different care management needs. When moderate dementia (CDR = 2.0), the need for care services will begin to increase. The findings suggest that care management should be provided for different stages of dementia. This study’s results provide a knowledge base for designing dementia stage‐specific care management in clinical practice and developing community‐based, long‐term care systems for family caregivers of persons with dementia.

Newborn screening for sickle cell disease in Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo: an update

ABSTRACTBackgroundNeonatal screening is the first action necessary to identify children with sickle cell disease (SCD) and thus ensure their care. Using rapid tests to give an immediate result to families is a new resilient approach of great interest. These two aspects are essential for establishing an adequate health policy for this disease. This study was undertaken in Kisangani to update the current incidence of neonatal SCD.MethodsHeel prick blood samples of 1432 babies born from different racial groups of parents living in Kisangani were collected at birth and screened using a point of care test, i.e. the HemoTypeSCTM.ResultsThe incidence at birth was 2.2% (n = 31; 95% CI: [1.5%−3.1%]) for HbSS homozygosity and 21% (n = 303; 95% CI: [19%−23%]) for HbAS heterozygosity. Compared to a previous study in 2010; the incidence at the birth of the HbSS form has doubled, while that of the heterozygous form HbAS remained almost unchanged. The inter-ethnic incidence of HbSS among the five top-represented ethnic groups was significant (<0.001).ConclusionThe prevalence of homozygote form has doubled compared to the 0.96% reported in 2010. Setting up a neonatal screening program and an awareness unit is necessary to assess the need for care services correctly.

A Tailored Discharge Program Improves Frailty and Mood in Patients Undergoing Usual Rehabilitative Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To investigate whether a tailored intersectoral discharge program (TIDP) impacts on multidimensional frailty, rehospitalization days, and patient-related outcome measures in older in-patients undergoing acute care and usual rehabilitative care. Randomized controlled trial of TIDP vs usual rehabilitative care with a 6-month follow-up, 2019-2020, and historical control with a 6-month follow-up, 2016-2019. Geriatric co-managed internal medicine ward of a metropolitan university hospital. One hundred-twelve multimorbid patients older than age 60years were consecutively assessed for eligibility and inclusion (age ≥60years, multimorbidity, admitted for treatment of acute disease, at least 2 geriatric syndromes requiring usual rehabilitative care, and able to consent) and signed informed consent, with 110 recruited and randomized to either TIDP or usual rehabilitative care. At discharge, 104 patients were alive in the intention-to-treat group, the 6-month follow-up was completed for 91 patients. A historical control group of 468 patients was included for comparison. TIDP as intervention included contact with treating general practitioner to discuss the further treatment plan, a structured medical and lifestyle counseling to patients and caregivers at admission as well as a discharge program with internist, geriatrician, and general practitioner in shared decision making with patients. Fifty-four patients underwent TIDP, 53 patients underwent usual rehabilitative care only. Rehospitalization days at follow-up as primary endpoint; multidimensional frailty and prognosis (Multidimensional Prognostic Index, Geriatric Depression Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, quality of life, falls, mortality, home care service need, and need of long-term care at 1-, 3- and 6-month follow-up as secondary endpoints. TIDP (median age 76.0years, 56% female) showed significantly improved Multidimensional Prognostic Index scores at discharge compared with usual rehabilitative care (median age 78.5years, 58% female) (0.43 vs 0.49, P= .011). Compared with usual rehabilitative care, TIDP improved self-confidence (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale 13.9 vs 12.4, P= .009) and mood (Geriatric Depression Scale 4 vs 5, P= .027) at follow-up. Compared with historical control (median age 77.0years, 39 % female), usual rehabilitative care patients showed significantly lower rehospitalization rates (53% vs 70%, P= .002) and lower mortality rates (13% vs 32%, P < .001). A feasible TIDP improves frailty and mood in advanced age. In older patients undergoing potentially disabling acute treatments, usual rehabilitative care significantly reduces rehospitalization rates. Therefore, implementing geriatric treatment in general is useful to improve outcomes in older in-patients and a tailored discharge program can further increase the benefit for this frail population.

The Effect of the Elderly’s Need for Care Services on Community-Integrated Care and the Mediating Effect of Governance

The Effect of the Elderly’s Need for Care Services on Community-Integrated Care and the Mediating Effect of Governance

Comparative Analysis of Factors Affecting Quality of Community-Based Care Services in Korea.

Aging societies have an increased need for care services. To solve the problem of care, we suggest community care, through which medical services are provided that meet individual needs. Korea provides care services in advance of the community care project and implements quality control to improve the quality of these social services. Therefore, this study aims to compare and analyze the factors affecting user satisfaction in care services in both 2013 and 2016. We analyzed secondary data from 2013 and 2016 collected by the Social Security Information Service. These data include standardized metrics for the quality of care. Based on the evaluation indexes for care service in 2013 and 2016, we used commonly used indexes for analysis. Specifically, non-profit organizations were influenced by sales, accounting management, lifetime tenure rate, etc., while for-profit organizations were affected by number of users, contract termination, etc. In addition, on-site evaluation had a negative effect on the change rate of user satisfaction. Therefore, in order to increase satisfaction with care services, evaluation indexes by service type should be diversified and differentiated. In addition, field evaluations related to user satisfaction should be performed in order to provide care services appropriate for local characteristics.

Caregiving and Care Receiving Experiences Among Older Chinese Immigrants and Their Home Health Aide.

There is limited information about how racial and cultural similarities or differences between patient and caregiver may affect quality care. The purpose of this study was to explore caregiving and receiving experiences among older Chinese immigrants and their home health aides by using in-depth interviews in culturally concordant dyads in a community setting. A purposive sample of 10 dyads of older Chinese immigrants and their home health aides were recruited using a snowball sampling method (N = 20). All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded for qualitative content analysis. The majority of older adults were female (n = 8) and their average age was 76.8 years. The following themes emerged: companionship and rapport, reconciling the need for care services with the expectations of family, the value of matched gender, language, and ethnic foodculture, assisting with daily routines, and experiencing caregiving burden due to a dual role. This study elucidated the dynamics between care recipients and their caregivers with shared cultural backgrounds.

‘100 metres to the liquor store and 300 meters to the cemetery’ – individual, social, environmental and organisational facilitators and barriers to thriving in Swedish sheltered housing models

AbstractIn Sweden, sheltered housing is a housing model that provides accessible apartments with elevated social possibilities for older people. The environment within sheltered housing is expected to support resident health and reduce the need for care services. A previous study has shown that with increasing levels of depressive mood and decreasing levels of self-rated health and functional status, those residing in sheltered housing report higher levels of thriving compared to those ageing in place. Therefore, the aim of this study was to illuminate aspects of sheltered housing that are facilitators and/or barriers to thriving. Seven semi-structured group interviews in five different sheltered housing accommodations in Sweden were conducted between April 2019 and January 2020 (N = 38). The results, analysed using qualitative content analysis and presented in a model developed by Grol and Wensing, illuminate the four main categories of facilitators and barriers to thriving: individual factors, social context, environmental factors and organisational context. The results of this study show that the factors that influence experiences of thriving in sheltered housing are multifaceted and interconnected. Although the supportive environment provided in sheltered housing seems to contribute to thriving, the limited consideration towards the shifting health of residents is a barrier to thriving. The results of this study may assist in implementing tailored interventions to help support thriving on various levels.

Health Status and Health Care Service Needs in Older Adults Living with Family and Alone : A Comparative Study

Health Status and Health Care Service Needs in Older Adults Living with Family and Alone : A Comparative Study

Factors Influencing Long-Term Care Service Needs among the Elderly Based on the Latest Anderson Model: A Case Study from the Middle and Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River.

The rapid growth of population aging makes providing adequate long-term care (LTC) services for the elderly a serious social dilemma in China. Thus, it is necessary to carry out a theoretical discussion on the LTC service needs of the elderly and find out their influencing factors. With four regions of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the sample case, this study aims to explore the factors that affect LTC service needs of the elderly in the frame of the latest Anderson Model, which added psychosocial factors to predisposing characteristics, enabling factors, and need factors in the old version. Some interesting results have been found, for example, self-image evaluation is composed of several factors such as general physical health, attitude towards life, or psychosocial states. Finally, sub-analyses—namely, by age, by gender, and by educational level—were carried out since the choice of different long-term care service patterns is related to different age/gender/education groups.

Diagnosis of macrosocial risks of drug use in Mexican municipalities

Introduction. Factors associated with drug use are defined in terms of their proximity to the phenomenon and can be classified as individual, microsocial, and macrosocial. Macrosocial factors include variables of a geographic, economic, demographic, and social nature, which can be compiled from population censuses and surveys. Objective. To determine the levels of risk for drug use in municipalities in Mexico based on macro-social indicators. Method. Retrospective cross-sectional study, based on the analysis of population data, weighted by the Delphi method. Results. Sixty-four municipalities with a high or very high risk of drug use were identified. Factors such as the volume of drug seizures, prevalence of student use, alcohol supply, and inequality among the population were weighted as the factors with greatest risk for drug use. Discussion and conclusion. These data serve as a benchmark for guiding the efficient, rational administration of resources assigned for dealing with the problem of addictions, since they make it possible to identify localities with a greater need for care services.

Patterns of Post-Traumatic Health Care Service Need and Access among Bisexual and Non-Monosexual Women in the U.S

ABSTRACTUsing data from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (Walters et al., 2013), this study theoretically tests reasons for non-monosexual women’s (N = 492) disparate rates of post-intimate partner violence health care needs: a lifecourse, an intersectional perspective, and a minority stress. Applying standardized sample weights and adjusting standard errors for both clustering and stratification to complete a series of chi-square tests and binomial logistic regression models, this study finds that none of these theoretical perspectives significantly explains bisexual and non-monosexual women’s health care seeking needs or access barriers. However, two new key findings emerge: 1) an overwhelming majority of women who need post-victimization medical services receive them, regardless of sexual behavior or sexual orientation (despite previous research that indicates LGBT people face unique barriers to care); and 2) injury severity is the main source of non-monosexual women reporting their need for post-victimization medical care (perhaps making it impossible to not go to the doctor).

硅油填充术出院患者远程护理服务需求及遵医行为调查分析

硅油填充术出院患者远程护理服务需求及遵医行为调查分析

‘When the saints go marching in’: constructions of senior volunteering in Norwegian government white papers, and in Norwegian senior volunteers’ and health-care professionals’ stories

ABSTRACTThis study explores policy makers’, health-care professionals’ and senior volunteers’ perceptions of senior volunteers. Two Norwegian government white papers regarding older adult care and welfare services, which were published over a period of 19 years, were selected for close examination. Furthermore, focus group interviews with a purposeful sample of five senior volunteers and 15 health-care professionals were conducted. The study explores the discursive formations of senior volunteers in the government white papers and how they are negotiated in the senior volunteers’ and the health-care professionals’ narratives. Two dominant discourses were presented in the white papers: a prevention discourse (in which volunteering was presented primarily as a means to prevent volunteers’ loneliness and need for care services) and a sustainability discourse (in which the volunteers were presented as instrumental in future sustainable care services). Both discourses echo a common overarching discourse about a capacity crisis due to the ageing population. The senior volunteers were positioned as partners and active agents in both their own narratives and the health-care professionals’ narratives. Their position as independent and as spokespersons for the less empowered were evident only in the senior volunteers’ own narratives. Only the health-care professionals referenced the prevention discourse and capacity issues. The senior volunteers presented themselves as competent, efficient political actors, and they resisted both the prevention and sustainability discourses. In the senior volunteers’ narratives, social and political participation were interrelated. The study demonstrates that new discursive landscapes must be created to capture the diversity among senior volunteers and their efforts. While senior volunteers must be meaningfully involved in decision making, planning and design, their positions as independent and active agents must also be ensured. Authentic partnerships between senior volunteers and public care services involve a balance between involvement and independence.

The challenges of primary health care nurse leaders in the wake of New Health Care Reform in Norway.

BackgroundThe local municipality, whose management style is largely inspired by the New Public Management (NPM) model, has administrative responsibilities for primary health care in Norway. Those responsible for health care at the local level often find themselves torn between their professional responsibilities and the municipality’s market-oriented funding system. The introduction of the new health care reform process known as the Coordination Reform in January 2012 prioritises primary health care while simultaneously promoting a more collaborative and multidisciplinary approach to health care. Nurse leaders experience constant cross-pressure in their roles as members of the municipal executive team, the execution of their professional and administrative duties, and the overall political aims of the new reform. The aim of this article is to illuminate some of the major challenges facing nurse leaders in charge of nursing homes and to draw attention to their professional concerns about the quality of nursing care with the introduction of the new reform and its implementation under NPM-inspired municipal executive leadership.MethodThis study employs a qualitative design. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 nurse leaders in 10 municipalities, with a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach used for data analysis and interpretation.ResultFindings highlighted the increasingly complex challenges facing nurse leaders operating in the context of the municipality’s hierarchical NPM management structure, while they are required to exercise collaborative professional interactions as per the guidelines of the new Coordination Reform. The interview findings were interpreted out of three sub-themes 1) importance of support for the nurse leader, 2) concerns about overall service quality, and 3) increased tasks unrelated to nursing leadership.ConclusionThe priorities of municipal senior management and the focus of the municipality’s care service need clarification in the light of this reform. The voices of those at the frontlines of the caring services need to be heard as the restructuring of the caring services may have implications both for funding allocation and for the quality of patient care.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12912-016-0187-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Socio-economic deficits and informal domestic childcare services in Romania: the policy drivers of the commodification of care from a micro-level perspective

This article makes the argument that while the commodification of early years childcare services in the Romanian context is shaped by similar drivers as elsewhere in Europe, the overwhelmingly informal character of this commodification is first and foremost policy-induced. In particular, the configuration of family policy provisions and the care gaps created by the absence of quality childcare alternatives especially during the first three years are mainly responsible for the expansion of undeclared home-based early years childcare services. By reflecting on the particular configuration of macro-level social and economic deficits that have shaped demand for and supply of early years childcare over the last ten years in conjunction with family policy provisions, the paper empirically engages with the ways in which these deficits play out at the household level, generating a need for informally provided bespoke early years childcare. Relying on in-depth interview material with urban and rural dual-income couples, collected in 2010 and 2015, the article captures the crucial importance of family policy instruments in shaping the nature of specific configurations of need for care services, to be provided first and foremost informally.