Carcinoma Of Salivary Gland Origin Research Articles

Metastatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Salivary Glands: Case Reports and Review of the Literature.

BACKGROUND: Adenoid cystic carcinoma is an uncommon tumor of the salivary gland. Little has been published on the chemotherapy of this neoplasm. METHODS: The literature on this disease is reviewed, and data from seven unpublished cases are presented. RESULTS: Four patients received cyclophosphamide. One responded, and another had pain relief. The literature review did not identify any single drug or combination that might be regarded as the treatment of choice. CONCLUSIONS: Systematic, multi-institutional studies are required to determine appropriate systemic treatment for metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland origin: classification, clinical-pathological correlation, treatment results and long-term follow-up in 55 patients

Over a period of 30 years, 55 patients with mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) of the salivary glands underwent surgical treatment. Reclassified TNM-stage (Hermanek et al., 1992) at the time of initial diagnosis varied (T0: 0, T1: 26, T2: 20, T3: 2, T4: 7; N0: 49, N1: 4, N2: 2; M0: 53, M1: 2). In 46% (n = 24), the history of symptoms ranged from 6 months to 2 years without any specificity of features. The therapy of choice is a radical ablative surgery of the primary tumour. The resection of the related lymphatic system has to be included in the therapeutic concept in patients suspected of having metastases of the regional lymph nodes. The prognosis is excellent in patients with a localized manifestation of the disease only. Our patients who died for reasons of tumour metastasis had all been classified as stage III or IV at the time initial diagnosis (n = 5). Distant metastases are rarely found even decades after surgical therapy (n = 1). This is why a long-term follow-up is recommended for patients with MEC of the salivary glands.

Prognostic significance of cell proliferation in mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the salivary gland: Clinicopathological study using MIB 1 antibody in paraffin sections

Mucoepidermoid carcinomas of salivary gland origin have an uncertain clinical course not directly predictable by histomorphology. The MIB 1 antibody, which detects Ki-67 antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues, was used to study cell proliferation in these tumors. An MIB 1 index was developed to express the percentage of MIB 1-positive proliferating cells, and the results were compared with histomorphological tumor grade and clinical outcome. All patients with MIB 1 indices lower than 10% in their primary tumors had a favorable clinical outcome. Most patients with MIB 1 indices higher than 10% developed a recurrent or metastasizing disease. All patients who died of their tumor or who had persistent tumor had MIB 1 indices higher than 10%. Thus, the MIB 1 index defines two virtually nonoverlapping forms of the disease, an indolent one and an aggressive one. Cell proliferation in mucoepidermoid carcinomas, assessed with the MIB 1 antibody, thus represents a significant prognostic factor for improving the accuracy of conventional histological grading.

Cell proliferation correlates with prognosis in acinic cell carcinomas of salivary gland origin. Immunohistochemical study of 30 cases using the MIB 1 antibody in formalin‐fixed paraffin sections

Immunohistochemical staining with the MIB 1 antibody was used to assess cell proliferation in 30 cases of acinic cell carcinoma of salivary glands. Until now, no prognostic factors have been available for these rare tumours. The MIB 1 monoclonal antibody recognizes the Ki-67 antigen in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. A MIB 1 index was developed as a means of expressing the percentage of MIB 1-positive tumour cell nuclei, and the tumours were scored without prior information of clinical behaviour. The staining results were then compared with the clinical outcome of the patients. All eight patients who developed tumour recurrences had MIB 1 indices higher than 5 per cent. Tumour recurrences could be predicted even in cases of bland morphology and low mitotic rate. Three patients died of their recurrent tumours, and had MIB 1 indices of 56.2, 12.7, 7.8 per cent in their primary tumours. Five of seven patients with MIB 1 indices higher than 10 per cent had unfavourable outcomes. None of the 17 patients with MIB 1 indices lower than 5 per cent developed recurrences during follow-up periods up to 30 years. The present results indicate that MIB 1 staining appears to be a significant prognostic factor in acinic cell carcinomas of salivary gland origin.

Estrogen receptor assay in polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin: An immunohistochemical study

An apparent relationship between breast cancer and salivary gland cancer has been observed, and there is one report in the literature that describes estrogen receptors in normal salivary gland and salivary gland cancers. With the use of a monoclonal antibody against estrogen receptor protein and the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase procedure, we were unable to demonstrate estrogen receptors in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of either polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma or adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin.

Stage means more than grade in adenoid cystic carcinoma

Our experience with 184 previously untreated patients who had adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin is reviewed. Retrospective staging was possible in all but nine patients who had minor salivary gland primary tumors. Sixty-three percent of patients were diagnosed as having stage I or stage II disease (stage I, 64 patients; stage II, 47 patients), whereas 43 and 21 patients had stage III and IV tumors, respectively. Grading was as follows: cribriform pattern only (grade 1, 126 patients; 68%), mixed cribriform and solid features (grade 2, 48 patients; 26%), and solid only (grade 3, 10 patients; 5%). Treatment was predominantly surgical (174 patients), and relatively few patients received adjunctive, postoperative irradiation (27 patients). Cumulative 10-year survival was 75%, 43%, and 15% for stage I, stage II, and stage III and IV patients, respectively, and cause-specific survival at 10 years was as high as 94% in patients with stage I disease. Only the clinical stage had a significant impact on survival. Neither survival, regional metastases (16 patients; 11%), nor distant dissemination (64 patients; 43%) was predictable on the basis of tumor grade alone. The prognosis in patients with early stage lesions may be better than has been appreciated.

Sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland

Sebaceous carcinoma of salivary gland origin is extremely rare and, because of its rarity, the clinicopathological characteristics and the histogenesis are not fully understood. We present a case of sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland which brings the total number of reported cases to 22. The tumor showed epithelial cell nests which were mainly composed of sebaceous cells with marked cellular atypia. In most of the nests, glandular spaces lined by ductal epithelium were present. Scattered mucous cells and flattened eosinophilic cells at the periphery of the nests were also seen. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical observations of the tumour revealed coexistence of sebaceous and glandular differentiations in some tumour cells. Tumour cells with lipid granules often participated in the formation of glandular structures or exhibited intracytoplasmic lumina, and immunohistochemical localization of lactoferrin and secretory component, the functional markers of ductal epithelium of salivary gland, was demonstrated not only in duct-forming tumour cells but also in many sebaceous tumour cells. It seems likely that sebaceous carcinoma originates from pluripotential duct cells which can differentiate into sebaceous, ductal and mucous cells.

Squamous cell carcinoma of salivary gland origin.

A 30-year retrospective analysis of 50 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the salivary glands was conducted, including 42 patients with parotid tumors and eight with submandibular lesions. Clinical staging, performed for 48 patients in whom adequate data were available, yielded the following results: Stage I, 17%, Stage II, 12%, Stage III, 71%. Surgery was the primary therapy in 45 patients (86%). The determinate "cure" rate at 5 and 10 years was 24 and 18%, respectively, for patients with parotid lesions and 20% for those with submandibular tumors. As with other malignant salivary gland tumors, advanced stage and pain as a presenting symptom were ominous findings. Locoregional recurrence was the usual site of failure in both parotid (51%) and submandibular (67%) cases. Radical surgical extirpation, preserving the facial nerve when possible, remains our treatment of choice. It is anticipated that planned postoperative radiotherapy will reduce our high locoregional recurrence rates.

Small cell carcinoma of the major salivary glands.

Small cell carcinoma is primarily a pulmonary neoplasm that rarely arises in extrapulmonic sites including salivary glands of the head and neck. Twelve cases of small cell carcinoma of salivary gland origin were retrieved from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology files. Six tumors occurred in the parotid gland and six in the submandibular gland. Tumors were classified into two categories: those with areas of histologically typical small cell carcinoma (7 cases) and those with areas of typical small cell carcinoma with foci of ductal differentiation (5 cases). Follow-up information was available in all 12 cases. Electron microscopy was done on eight tumors; only one demonstrated round electron dense intracytoplasmic neurosecretory granules. These observations further support evidence in the literature suggesting most of the small cell carcinomas of salivary gland origin are not true neuroendocrine ("oat cell") carcinomas, but actually are small cell ductal carcinomas. These tumors appear to have a better prognosis than small cell carcinoma of the lung or nonsalivary gland sites in the head and neck region, with an estimated 2- and 5-year survival of 70 and 46%, respectively.

Primary Cutaneous Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

A patient had primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma. The tumor closely resembled adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin and was composed of cribriform and tubular masses of basaloid cells. Lumina formed by neoplastic cells contained mucin and hyalin , and similar constituents were located between neoplastic cell masses and adjacent dermis. Perineural invasion was observed. A review of seven other primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinomas indicates that this neoplasm tends to affect middle-aged and older individuals, is often present for several years prior to diagnosis, has a propensity for local recurrence, but has not produced metastases in regional lymph nodes or distant sites. Therapy should employ wide surgical excision that extends well beyond the clinical confines of the neoplasm.

Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of salivary glands

Four cases of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma of salivary gland origin are presented and discussed. The mean age of these four patients was 68 years, with an age range of 51 to 78 years. Three of the patients were women, and one was a man. This article emphasizes the light microscopic, histochemical, and ultrastructural features of the neoplasm. Electron microscopic examination of glutaraldehyde-fixed fresh tissue and previously formalin-fixed tissue reveals that the characteristic clear cytoplasm of abluminal cells is caused, in part, by glycogen storage granules and the paucity of organelles but largely by an artifact of fixation.

Carcinoma of the esophagus with adenoid cystic differentiation

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus is a relatively rare lesion which characteristically exhibits a clinically aggressive behavior. In spite of this aggressive nature, it is most often referred to as a counterpart of the more common adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin, a comparatively indolent tumor. In this report, the clinical and pathologic findings in a series of six cases of esophageal adenoid cystic carcinomas are contrasted with those of typical salivary gland lesions, and also compared to similar tumors exhibiting "adenoid cystic" differentiation arising in other extrasalivary gland sites. It is concluded that the esophageal tumors, as well as certain similar lesions arising in other extrasalivary gland sites, represent a class of poorly differentiated basaloid neoplasms distinct both clinically and morphologically from the common adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin.

Lobular carcinoma of intraoral minor salivary gland origin: Report of twelve cases

In an attempt to define more accurately the tumors grouped under the heading of “adenocarcinoma of salivary gland origin,” we reviewed the cases in our registry that were classified as adenocarcinoma, carcinoma of salivary gland origin, and infiltrating epithelial salivary gland tumors. Eleven tumors that had certain unique microscopic features in common were identified. These eleven tumors and one that was reviewed in consultation make up the basis of this study. We classified these lesions as lobular carcinoma of salivary gland origin because of their remarkable microscopic resemblance to the breast tumors of the same name. These lesions appear to be of low-grade malignancy and have not recurred or metastasized in any of the eleven cases for which we have follow-up data, at times ranging from 5 to 80 months.

Association of Epstein-Barr virus with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Alaskan native patients: serum antibodies and tissue EBNA and DNA.

Biopsy specimens from Alaskan Native patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and from other patients seen on the otolaryngology service were tested for Epstein-Barr virus-specific DNA and nuclear antigen (EBNA). Serum samples from both groups were tested for various EBV-related antibodies. EBV DNA and EBNA results were in agreement in 29 of 31 tissue specimens tested by the two methods. Ten of 11 biopsies containing NPC cells were positive for EBV DNA. Two NPC patients had biopsies that showed only atypical epithelium but were also positive for EBV DNA or EBNA. The other tissue specimens were negative except for biopsies from two patients: one with a parotid gland lymphoepithelial lesion; another with undifferentiated carcinoma of salivary gland origin.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland origin

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland origin

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland origin. Classification, clinical-pathologic correlation, and results of treatment.

Sixty patients with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary gland origin were studied. The pathologic findings and the clinical course were examined separately and then correlated. The tumors are classified as either well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. The criteria used to classify the lesions are discussed, and pathologic features are illustrated. The most important factors in the prognosis are: 1. degree of histologic differentiation, and 2. presence or absence of tumor on the lines of surgical excision. Recurrences correlated with the degree of histologic differentiation. Only one of 31 patients (3%) had a recurrence when careful examination of the surgical specimen failed to demonstrate tumor on the lines of resection. In contrast, 19 of 28 patients (68%) with tumor on the surgical margin had a recurrence. The other 9 patients had no recurrence, having been given immediate subsequent treatment. Recommendations made for therapy are based on the histologic grade of the tumor and on examination of surgical lines of resection.

Carcinoma of salivary gland origin: A follow‐up survey

The LaryngoscopeVolume 70, Issue 5 p. 580-594 Article Carcinoma of salivary gland origin: A follow-up survey† Frank D. Lathrop M.D., Frank D. Lathrop M.D. Boston, Mass. Department of Otolaryngology, The Lahey Clinic.Search for more papers by this author Frank D. Lathrop M.D., Frank D. Lathrop M.D. Boston, Mass. Department of Otolaryngology, The Lahey Clinic.Search for more papers by this author First published: May 1960 https://doi.org/10.1288/00005537-196005000-00002 † Read at the meeting of the Eastern Section, American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa., Jan. 8, 1960. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume70, Issue5May 1960Pages 580-594 RelatedInformation