Carbon Steel In Acid Solution Research Articles

Adsorption and inhibition effect of novel cationic surfactant for pipelines carbon steel in acidic solution

A new cationic surfactant was prepared and examined as an inhibitor for the corrosion of carbon steel in 1.0 M HCl solution using weight loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization measurements. The chemical structure of the prepared cationic surfactants has been proven by FTIR spectra. The inhibiting effect of the cationic surfactant as a result of the formation of the protective layer adsorbed on the carbon steel surface The adsorption of the inhibitor was discussed accordingly to the Langmuir isotherm. Polarization data indicated that the cationic surfactant is a mixed-type inhibitor.. The effect of temperature on the corrosion rate of carbon steel in1. 0 M HCl solution devoid of and containing the novel cationic surfactant was examined and thermodynamic parameters were computed. Some surface parameters were calculated and explained.

Saccocalyx satureioides as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acid solution

The inhibitory effect of the crude ethyl acetate extract of Saccocalyx satureioides was estimated on the corrosion of carbon steel (X52) in 1 M HCl solution sing weight loss measurement, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Potentiodynamic polarization curves indicated that the plants extract behaves as a mixed-type inhibitor. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the carbon steel surface was found to follow Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The free energies, enthalpies and entropies for the adsorption and dissolution process were discussed in details. The inhibiting action increases with increasing concentration of the extract. The results obtained show that the extract of the aerial parts of Saccocalyx satureioides could serve as an effective corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel (X52) in hydrochloric acid medium.

Corrosion Protection of Carbon Steel in Acidic Solution by Using Ylang-Ylang Oil as Green Inhibitor

The inhibition effect of ylang-ylang oil ( YYO ) and their adsorption on carbon steel surface in hydrochloric acid was realized at temperatures varying between 308 and 338 K by weight loss, EIS, and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The tested compound showed inhibition efficiency that is superior 87 % for a concentration equal to 1.0 g/L. Polarization measurements indicate that the examined oil act as a mixed inhibitor with predominant anodic effectiveness and the protection efficiency increases with inhibitor concentration but this effect decreased with increasing of temperature. Data obtained from EIS studies were analyzed to model inhibition process through appropriate equivalent circuit models. The adsorption of YYO on carbon steel surface obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm in acid medium and the activation were determined and discussed.

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of some anionic surfactants with phosphate group as a biodegradable corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic solution

Novel anionic surfactants with phosphate group were synthesized and characterized by using FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopic analyses. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and degree of dissociation of counter-ions were determined and discussed from conductivity measurements. The biodegradability of these surfactants was determined and discussed. Their corrosion inhibition effect on the carbon steel (CS) in 0.5M H2SO4 solution has been evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and weight loss methods. The inhibition efficiency increases with increasing the inhibitor concentration but decreases with the temperature increasing. The adsorption of inhibitors on the carbon steel surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Polarization curves show that the synthesized inhibitors are mixed-type inhibitors. Thermodynamic parameters of adsorption and kinetic were obtained from weight loss at different temperatures (25–60°C).

Adsorption and inhibitive effect of Schinus terebinthifolius extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic solution

The effect of Egyptian Schinus-terebinthifolius extract (STE) on carbon steel corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. The results show that STE is a good inhibitor in 0.5 M HCl. The adsorption of STE obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. STE acts as mixed-type but mainly cathodic inhibitor in 0.5 M HCl. The thermodynamic parameters of the corrosion process were calculated and discussed. Maximum inhibition approached 93.3% at 900 ppm STE. SEM showed the Protective film formation on steel surface in presence of STE.

β-Cyclodextrin Modified Natural Chitosan as a Green Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acid Solutions

Inhibition of carbon steel corrosion in 0.5 M hydrochloric acid solutions by β-cyclodextrin modified natural chitosan was investigated by weight loss measurement, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased with the inhibitor concentration at 298 K. The experimental results revealed that β-CD–chitosan (β-cyclodextrin modified chitosan) was a mixed inhibitor with a maximum achievable inhibition efficiency of 96.02%. Adsorption of β-CD–chitosan was found to follow the Langmuir adsorption isotherm which involved both physisorption and chemisorption. The results of SEM and EDS studies further confirmed the inhibition action of polymer.

Electrochemical and theoretical studies of adsorption and corrosion inhibition of aniline violet compound on carbon steel in acidic solution

The inhibition ability of 4-[bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methyl]-N,N-dimethylaniline (Mv10B) on carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution was studied by electrochemical techniques. Mv10B inhibited carbon steel corrosion in 1 M HCl solution significantly and the inhibition efficiency increased with Mv10B concentration. Potentiodynamic polarization results showed that Mv10B was a mixed-type inhibitor. The adsorption of Mv10B on steel surface followed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The inhibition performance of Mv10B was also evidenced by AFM images. Computational investigations of studied inhibitor are performed by using HF method with 6-31++G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p) basis sets.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Nonionic Gemini Surfactant as Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in Acidic Solution

A novel nonionic gemini surfactant was synthesized and characterized by spectroscopy analysis. Their surface properties were determined by surface tension measurement. The corrosion inhibition effect of the synthesized surfactant on carbon steel in 0.5 M sulfuric acid was studied using gravimetric, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The obtained results indicated that the synthesized inhibitor inhibited both the anodic and the cathodic reactions on the carbon steel surface, which reveals a mixed type inhibitor. It was found that increasing the inhibitor concentration increases the polarization resistance but decreases the double layer capacitance. Also, the negative value of the Gibbs energy (Δ) revealed that adsorption of the inhibitor molecules on the metal surface is spontaneous.

Aqueous extracts of mango and orange peel as green inhibitors for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution

In this paper, aqueous extracts of mango and orange peels were shown to be good corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in a 1 mol L - 1 HCl solution. The inhibition efficiency increased as the extract concentration increased over a concentration range of 200-600 mg L - 1, varying from 79 to 96% (mango) and 84 to 91% (orange) using Tafel plots and from 69 to 94% (mango) and 76 to 90% (orange) using electrochemical impedance. In the presence of 400 mg L - 1 of mango and orange peel extracts, the weight loss measurements showed an increase in the inhibition efficiency with immersion time, where the best results after 24 h of immersion were 97% and 95%, respectively. The adsorption of the extract components on the surface of the carbon steel follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. With the extraction procedure used in this work, it can be surmised that it is likely that the more polar heterosides in the extracts are responsible for the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in an acid solution.

Contribution of electrochemical dissolution during pickling of low carbon steel in acidic solutions

An electrochemical cell coupled with ICP-OES chemical analysis was used to explore the role of chemical and electrochemical reactions in pickling of low carbon steel in acidic media. Impedance spectroscopy was used to highlight scale properties. Dissolution of hematite is shown to be mainly of chemical nature, whereas the dissolution of magnetite and wüstite is both chemical and electrochemical. Initially, chemical dissolution of the scale dominated. The electrochemical reactions included oxidation of magnetite and wüstite and reduction of ferric ions formed by chemical dissolution. After the electrolyte reached the steel substrate, electrochemical dissolution of the iron was the main reaction.

Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel in Acidic Solution by Alizarin Yellow GG (AYGG)

Alizarin yellow GG (AYGG) is a natural dye used as a corrosion inhibitor. The inhibitive action of this compound against corrosion of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution (1M concentration), has been tested using the weight loss measurements and electrochemical measurements techniques. The results indicates this compound is a good inhibitor for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution, and the inhibition efficiency increased as the concentration of this compound increased. Also the results revealed as the temperature increased, efficiency and corrosion activation energies are increased. On the basis of the experimentally determined activation energy values, the addition of this compound can be considered chemisorption adsorbed.

Inhibition of corrosion and hydrogen permeation into carbon steel in solutions containing hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide

The efficiency of ethoxy higher aliphatic amines (EOAs) against carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide corrosion and hydrogen permeation into carbon steel in acid solutions has been studied. The influence of the number of ethoxy groups (2, 5 and 14), the length of the hydrocarbon radical (R = C10 – C13 and R = C17 – C20), medium acidity (0.005–0.05 M HCl), and electrode potential was investigated. Concurrently, the influence of higher aliphatic amine bottoms (emulgin) that are a mixture of primary and secondary aliphatic amines was studied. The protective efficiency of EOAs reaches 95–99.9%, hydrogen permeation decreases both at the corrosion potential and under conditions of anodic and cathodic polarization of the steel electrode. The inhibiting effect of emulgin is 96–97%.

Mechanistic model of stress corrosion cracking (scc) of carbon steel in acidic solution with the presence of H2s

In oil and gas industrial environments, H2S gas is one of the corrosive species which should be a main concern in designing infrastructure made of carbon steel. Combination between the corrosive environment and stress condition will cause degradation of carbon steel increase unpredictably due to their simultaneous effects. This paper will design a model that involves electrochemical and mechanical theories to study crack growth rate under presence of H2S gas. Combination crack and corrosion propagation of carbon steel, with different hydrogen concentration has been investigated. The results indicated that high concentration of hydrogen ions showed a higher crack propagation rate. The comparison between corrosion prediction models and corrosion model developed by researchers used to verify the model accuracy showed a good agreement.

Influence of cerium (III) ions on corrosion and hydrogen evolution of carbon steel in acid solutions

This paper intended to investigate the influence of rare earth Ce(III) ions on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel in two acid solutions (0.5 M HCl and 0.25 M H2SO4) in order to control the rate of hydrogen evolution in those systems. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were used for corrosion rate and electrochemical impedance evaluation. SEM was used to examine the sample surfaces immersed in acid solutions containing the optimal threshold Ce(III) concentration (0.1 mM). All results reveal that the corrosion resistance of carbon steel in HCl is superior to that in H2SO4 due to the higher rate of hydrogen production in the latter. A model for the corrosion process mechanism and inhibition by Ce(III) salt for carbon steel in the two tested media is proposed.

Adsorption and corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric acid medium by hexamethylenediamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid)

The inhibitive effect of the hexamethylenediamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) (HMDTMPA) on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1.0M HCl solution has been investigated by weight loss measurement, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The presence of (HMDTMPA) reduces remarkably the corrosion rate of carbon steel in acidic solution. The effect of temperature on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel was studied in the range of 298–328K. Results clearly reveal that the (HMDTMPA) behaves as a mixed type corrosion inhibitor with the highest inhibition at 4×10−3M. The adsorption of HMDTMPA on the carbon steel surface obeys to the Langmuir’s adsorption isotherm. Surface analysis via scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows a significant improvement on the surface morphology of the carbon steel plate.

N‐3‐hydroxyl‐2‐naphthoyl hydrazone derivatives as inhibitors for corrosion of carbon steel in H2SO4 acid solution

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the inhibiting properties of four N‐3‐hydroxyl‐2‐naphthoyl hydrazone derivatives in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution and to study the mechanism of their action.Design/methodology/approachThe effect of various parameters on the behavior of these inhibitors has been studied using the weight loss and polarization measurements.FindingsThe inhibiting action of the investigated compounds depends primarily on their concentration and molecular size. The compounds act as mixed type inhibitors and function via adsorption on carbon steel surface, which follows Frumkin adsorption isotherm. The addition of KI, KBr and KSCN to N‐3‐hydroxyl‐2‐naphthoyl hydrazone derivatives had a synergistic effect in enhancing the efficiency of corrosion inhibition.Originality/valueThis paper provides useful information regarding inhibition effect of N‐3‐hydroxyl‐2‐naphthoyl hydrazone derivatives and clarifies the role of the molecular structure and substituents on the inhibition efficiency of these investigated compounds on the corrosion of carbon steel in acidic solutions.

Azole derivatives as inhibitors for the corrosion of irradiated and non‐irradiated carbon steel in HNO3 solution

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of several azole derivatives on the corrosion inhibition of irradiated and non‐irradiated plain carbon steel in 0.5 M nitric acid (HNO3) solutions at 30‐60°C and to study the mechanism of their inhibitive action.Design/methodology/approach – The inhibition efficiency was evaluated by means of weight‐loss determinations and polarization techniques at different temperatures. The type of adsorption isotherm, inhibition efficiency, surface coverage and kinetic data were determined.Findings – The results showed that azole derivatives inhibit the corrosion of irradiated and non‐irradiated carbon steel in acidic solution. The inhibition efficiency increased with the inhibitor concentration and was greater in the case of irradiated carbon steel than for the non‐irradiated one. Kinetic parameters were calculated. The adsorption of inhibitors obeyed the Temkin Isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters of activation were calculated in the presence of i...

Effect of H 2S on the CO 2 corrosion of carbon steel in acidic solutions

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of low-level hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) on carbon dioxide (CO 2) corrosion of carbon steel in acidic solutions, and to investigate the mechanism of iron sulfide scale formation in CO 2/H 2S environments. Corrosion tests were conducted using 1018 carbon steel in 1 wt.% NaCl solution (25 °C) at pH of 3 and 4, and under atmospheric pressure. The test solution was saturated with flowing gases that change with increasing time from CO 2 (stage 1) to CO 2/100 ppm H 2S (stage 2) and back to CO 2 (stage 3). Corrosion rate and behavior were investigated using linear polarization resistance (LPR) technique. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic tests were performed at the end of each stage. The morphology and compositions of surface corrosion products were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the addition of 100 ppm H 2S to CO 2 induced rapid reduction in the corrosion rate at both pHs 3 and 4. This H 2S inhibition effect is attributed to the formation of thin FeS film (tarnish) on the steel surface that suppressed the anodic dissolution reaction. The study results suggested that the precipitation of iron sulfide as well as iron carbonate film is possible in the acidic solutions due to the local supersaturation in regions immediately above the steel surface, and these films provide corrosion protection in the acidic solutions.

Adsorption effect of 1-((2-hydroxynaphtalen-1-yl) (phenyl)methyl)urea on the carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid media

The adsorption effect of 1-((2-hydroxynaphtalen-1-yl)(phenyl)methyl)urea (HNPU) on corrosion behavior of carbon steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid solution was investigated using weight loss, potentiostatic polarization, and infrared spectroscopy methods. Surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results, suggest that HNPU inhibited the corrosion of carbon steel in acid solution and the inhibition efficiencies increased as the concentration of the compound in the solution was increased. The calculated inhibition efficiencies from the two investigated methods were in good agreement. Potentiostatic polarization measurements indicate that HNPU acts as a mixed-type inhibitor. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the carbon steel surface obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The values of activation energy and the thermodynamic parameters, such as adsorption equilibrium constant (Kads), adsorption free energy (ΔGads), adsorption heat (ΔHads), and adsorption entropy (ΔSads) values were calculated and discussed. The results obtained from infrared spectra, confirmed the adsorption of inhibitor on the alloy surface after immersion in acidic solution containing HNPU. The SEM analysis indicated that there are more lightly corroded and oxidative steel surface for the specimens after immersion in acidic solution containing HNPU than that in blank.

An investigation of the inhibitive capability of synthesized thiosemicarbazides on the corrosion of carbon steel in acid solutions

PurposeThis paper mainly aims to study the influence of some thiosemicarbazides, namely, 1‐hydroxyphenyl‐4‐phenyl thiosemicarbazide (HPT), 1,4‐diphenyl thiosemicarbazide (DPT), 1‐aminophenyl‐4‐phenyl thiosemicarbazide (APT) and 1‐cinnamyl‐4‐phenyl thiosemicarbazide (CPT) on the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in hydrochloric and sulphuric acid.Design/methodology/approachAll inhibition experiments were conducted on carbon steel in 1N HCl and 1N H2SO4 solution. Weight loss experiments were carried out according to the ASTM standard procedure. Polarization studies were carried out in a three‐electrode cell assembly connected to an EG&G Princeton applied research potentiostat/galvanostat (model 173).FindingsFor all the compounds a consistent trend of increase in inhibition efficiency was observed as a function of inhibitor concentration. The adsorption of all the compounds on to the carbon steel surface in the acidic solution was found to obey the Tempkin's adsorption isotherm. The values of activation energy and free energy of adsorption for all the compounds were also calculated. Polarization measurement revealed that the studied thiosemicarbazides act predominantly as mixed inhibitors in both the acid solutions, with the exception of DPT, which predominantly behaved as a cathodic inhibitor in 1N HCl.Research limitations/implicationsThese inhibitors could have application in industries, where hydrochloric and sulphuric acid solution are used to remove scale and salts from steel surfaces, such as acid cleaning of tankage and pipeline, and may render dismantling unnecessary.Originality/valueThis paper reveals that thiosemicarbazides can be successfully used for protection of carbon steel corrosion in acid solutions.