Carbon Electrode Array Research Articles

Electrochemical characterization of a microcellular carbon foam/epoxy composite electrode

The construction of a microcellular carbon foam/epoxy resin composite electrode is described. The large perimeter-to-area ratio (P/A) of the resulting microelectrode array is desirable and represents an improvement in P/A over that of many composites presently in use. The array is characterized by using chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry. The results are compared to those of both a glassy carbon electrode and microelectrode array theory. The responses obtained are representative of expected behavior. The capacity of the electrode was 2.1 {times} 10{sup 3} {mu}F/cm{sup 2}, 2 orders of magnitude greater than that expected for carbon.

Vitreous carbon-based composite electrode as an electro-chemical detector for liquid chromatography

The characteristics of an electrochemical detector for liquid chromatography with an array of vitreous carbon electrodes in a thin-layer channel are described. This array is fabricated by filling the pores of a reticulated vitreous carbon disk with non-conductive epoxy. The resulting flow-by electrode exhibits a flow-rate independent response due to its nonlinear mass-transport properties. For the same reason, the detector shows 3–5 improvements in signal-to-noise characteristics over commercial detectors with continuous glassy caron electrode, operated under otherwise identical conditions. Epinephrine, dopamine, acetaminophen and potassium ferrocyanide were used as test systems to give detection limits at the pg level. Repetitive injections yield peak heights with a relative standard deviation of 0.3%. The cell is easy to construct from inexpensive materials.