Demand For Cars Research Articles

Boosting interfacial kinetics in extremely fast rechargeable Li-ion batteries with linear carbonate-based, LiPF6-concentrated electrolyte

Amidst the surging demand for battery-powered automobiles, it is crucial to tackle the safety risks of Li plating triggered by high cell polarization to achieve extremely fast charging (XFC) of Li-ion batteries. This study explores the impact of Li+ desolvation and solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) chemistry on cell polarizations by utilizing linear carbonate (LC)-based, LiPF6-concentrated electrolytes (LPCEs). In the LC family, dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is thermodynamically preferred to facilitate desolvation kinetics, thereby lowering the charge-transfer barrier at the graphite anode. For effective graphite passivation and faster Li+ diffusion crossing the SEI, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) can help build up a thin and fluorinated SEI and reinforce the XFC cycling stability of graphite||NMC622 full cells (3.0 mAh cm−2; N/P ratio = 1.1), exhibiting 94.3% capacity retention over 500 cycles under a 10-min charging condition. The excellent XFC performance is practically validated using a 1.2-Ah pouch cell, demonstrating three times higher capacity retention over 200 cycles while suppressing Li plating-triggered cell swelling compared to conventional electrolytes. Unraveling the cell polarization governed by electrolyte chemistry provides valuable insights regarding future electrolyte designs for improving the XFC capabilities of Li-ion batteries.

Multi-Lidar System Localization and Mapping with Online Calibration

Currently, the demand for automobiles is increasing, and daily travel is increasingly reliant on cars. However, accompanying this trend are escalating traffic safety issues. Surveys indicate that most traffic accidents stem from driver errors, both intentional and unintentional. Consequently, within the framework of vehicular intelligence, intelligent driving uses computer software to assist drivers, thereby reducing the likelihood of road safety incidents and traffic accidents. Lidar, an essential facet of perception technology, plays an important role in vehicle intelligent driving. In real-world driving scenarios, the detection range of a single laser radar is limited. Multiple laser radars can improve the detection range and point density, effectively mitigating state estimation degradation in unstructured environments. This, in turn, enhances the precision and accuracy of synchronous positioning and mapping. Nonetheless, the relationship governing pose transformation between multiple lidars is intricate. Over extended periods, perturbations arising from vibrations, temperature fluctuations, or collisions can compromise the initially converged external parameters. In view of these concerns, this paper introduces a system capable of concurrent multi-lidar positioning and mapping, as well as real-time online external parameter calibration. The method first preprocesses the original measurement data, extracts linear and planar features, and rectifies motion distortion. Subsequently, leveraging degradation factors, the convergence of the multi-lidar external parameters is detected in real time. When deterioration in external parameters is identified, the local map of the main laser radar and the feature point cloud of the auxiliary laser radar are associated to realize online calibration. This is succeeded by frame-to-frame matching according to the converged external parameters, culminating in laser odometer computation. Introducing ground constraints and loop closure detection constraints in the back-end optimization effectuates global estimated pose rectification. Concurrently, the feature point cloud is aligned with the global map, and map update is completed. Finally, experimental validation is conducted on data acquired from Chang’an University to substantiate the system’s online calibration and positioning mapping accuracy, robustness, and real-time performance.

Selected Problems of the Automotive Industry—Material and Economic Risk

This article is a synthetic, brief review of the literature, reports and references on the transformation of the automotive industry into zero-emission cars, in particular electric cars. It analyzes the technological and economic aspects of changes in the automotive industry regarding the transformation to zero-emission cars. Despite great de-emission parameters, the production of electric cars does not have a zero carbon footprint. The acquisition of critical elements, their production and the production of other components and materials needed for their construction have an environmental impact. The supply chains of materials for the construction of batteries for electric cars are characterized by significant risks related to, among others, a lack of diversification and limited flexibility. The dominant supplier of rare elements for batteries is China. The article analyzes the impact of prices on the demand for electric cars and compares them to internal combustion cars. Research shows that most electric cars are sold in China, the USA and Europe (about 95% of the supply). The costs of cars are of great importance, which, given the current reduction in the purchasing power of consumers, make the forecasts of the dynamic growth of electromobility very cautious, and even stagnation in the purchase of electric cars is expected in the second half of 2023.

Vehicle ownership rates: The role of lifecycle, period, and cohort effects

Researchers and policymakers often attempt to forecast trends in automobile ownership. But to understand recent changes in demand for cars, researchers must account for behaviors specific to different generations, while simultaneously controlling for the influence of lifecycle and historical effects. To overcome the analytical challenges of cross-sectional data in Age-Period-Cohort (APC) analysis, we apply three different approaches largely used by biostatisticians to isolate how cohort effects influence the likelihood that a U.S. adult lives in a zero-vehicle household.Our analyses draw on data from the U.S. Census Public Use Microdata Samples (PUMS) from 1970 to 2019. To test for cohort effects, we use constraint-based binary logistic regression, a nonlinear parametric approach to log-linear models, and median polish analysis. We find that people born from 1935 to 1944 experienced the strongest negative cohort effect of all groups, and thus were least likely to live in zero-vehicle households (after accounting for age and period effects). Compared to this cohort, persons born before 1924 and after 1955 saw higher likelihoods of living in zero-vehicle households, all else equal.The peak cohort effect of people born in the 1930s to 1940s may please those interested in reducing automobile use. But because automobiles offer access benefits, more recent cohorts may experience transportation challenges. Negative effects may be especially salient for Millennials, a group faring worse economically than previous generations. Further, recent changes in the transportation landscape – including the growth of services like carshare and ride-hail and behavioral changes emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic – complicate efforts to forecast demand for automobiles.

Role of Rental Car Market in India: An Empirical Analysis

India's rental-car industry has grown to be an essential part of the nation's transportation infrastructure. The demand for rental automobiles has significantly increased in recent years as a result of growing urbanization, shifting consumer preferences, and rising disposable incomes. The function of the Indian rental-car market and its effects on various stakeholders are examined in this abstract. First off, the market for rental cars offers a practical and adaptable form of transportation, meeting the demands of both domestic and foreign tourists. It provides a large selection of vehicles, from affordable cars to high-end automobiles, guaranteeing solutions for any need and price range. Second, renting a car has emerged as a practical substitute for owning one, especially in crowded cities where parking is scarce and traffic is heavy. The growth of ride-hailing services and the shared economy have further exacerbated this trend, making rental automobiles a desirable choice for transient mobility needs. Thirdly, the rental automobile sector has given many people work opportunities, including drivers, customer service representatives, and maintenance employees. It has also aided in the expansion of related sectors including auto service and repair, petrol stations and insurance companies. But there are still issues to be solved, like the need for better infrastructure, legal frameworks, and assuring client happiness and safety. Overall, the Indian rental automobile industry is essential for offering practical and adaptable modes of transportation, boosting the nation's economy, and improving both business and leisure travellers' overall travel experiences.

Demand forecasting of online car‐hailing by exhaustively capturing the temporal dependency with TCN and Attention approaches

AbstractWith the development of the car‐hailing industry, it has become an indispensable way of travel in our lives. Accurate prediction of online car‐hailing demand can provide the basis for real‐time vehicle dispatch and dynamic pricing for online car‐hailing companies. Most previous studies on online car‐hailing demand forecasting have only considered the temporal and spatial factors separately, while the effects of time series and spatial series on online car‐hailing demand have not been considered. In this paper, the temporal, spatial, and weather features of online car‐hailing are analyzed and they are used as input features of the model. In addition, an attention mechanism is added to the model in order to select a small amount of key feature data from a large amount of feature data and give more weight to the key data, and an attention mechanism‐based TCN (Temporal Convolutional Network) prediction model (TCN+Attention) was developed to better highlight the key features that affect the prediction of online car demand and improve the prediction accuracy of online car demand. Finally, taking the data of Ningbo City as an example, the data is divided into 10 min, 15 min, and 30 min time intervals for prediction, and it is combined with other models and with other prediction models (SVR, LightGBM, Random Forest, Stacking Integrated Learning, LSTM, LSTM+ Attention, and TCN) results in comparative analysis. Experiments show that the TCN+Attention model of online car‐hailing demand prediction has higher accuracy compared with other models.

Business Roundup

BUSINESS Business Roundup ShareShare onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InRedditEmail C&EN, 2023, 101 (16), p 11May 22, 2023Cite this:C&EN 101, 16, 11AbstractTrinseo has started a pilot plant at its site in Terneuzen, the Netherlands, that will test a new recycling process that uses solvents to extract polycarbonate from other materials. The resulting resins can be used in automotive parts, cell phone cases, and printer enclosures. DSM-Firmenich , the recently merged company comprising specialty chemical firm DSM and flavor and fragrance maker Firmenich, will end its dual-CEO system inherited from DSM. Former DSM co-CEO Dimitri de Vreeze will continue to lead the new company, while Geraldine Matchett—former DSM co-CEO and current joint head of DSM-Firmenich—will depart Sept. 1. BASF is retooling facilities in Jiangsu and Guangdong, China, to add production of binders for battery anodes in response to growing demand for electric cars. The binders are based on modified styrene-butadiene rubber. Arkema plans to acquire Polytec PT, a company that produces adhesives that absorb heat produced when lithium-ion batteries are being usedView: PDF | Full Text HTML

Energy Sufficiency in the Passenger Transport of Lithuania

This paper aims to understand the significance of energy sufficiency (ES) in passenger transport for the long-term resolution of energy, climate, and sustainable development issues in Lithuania. It computes related indicators, by fixing the passenger-kilometres (pkm) travelled by various modes of transportation and applying a scenario analysis with the MESSAGE model. The findings indicated that the country’s final energy consumption (FEC) in transportation could be reduced by 21.8% by 2050 due to slowing growth rate of distances travelled by passenger car but increasing use of public transport and bicycles. This would result in a decrease in the growth rate of primary energy consumption (PEC) by half (to 0.3% a year), an increase in the use of renewable energy sources (RES) to 67.2% in the PEC structure, savings of oil products by 6.4 TWh, and savings of new electricity generation capacity by 550 MW. Furthermore, 20 MtCO2eq. in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions could be realised between 2021 and 2050. To take advantage of the potential of ES, the policy measures of passenger car demand containment and a shift to non-motorised and less polluting modes of transportation should be implemented. Furthermore, priority should be given to policy measures that encourage use of public transportation.

Анализ состояния и перспективы развития пассажирского железнодорожного транспорта для перевозки маломобильных групп населения

Purpose: To ensure the accessibility for population groups with reduced mobility of facilities and services in the sphere of railway transport that will provide for their mobility as well as the possibility to access various objects and services (medical, educational, cultural, etc.) Methods: Analysis and evaluation of the requirements of legislative, regulatory and industrial technical documents to provide reduced mobility population groups with equal with other citizens rights on Russian Federation Constitution. Review and analysis of international practices and different use cases of passenger rail cars to transport reduced mobility population groups. Joint study of the subject by JSC "Russian Railways" with scientific organizations of All-Russian Scientific Institute of Railway Transport and Institute of Hygiene on Railway Transport as well as with All-Russian Society of Disabled People. Results: Based on the results of technical and economical studies, decision was made to place specialized compartment for wheelchair users in a staff car. For this purpose, specialized area from unbraked end of a staff car has been organized which includes adapted compartment, adapted toilet, wide corridor and entrance zone equipped with stationary lift for boarding/detrainment of wheelchair users. Minimally necessary list of equipment to tool up adapted compartment and toilet is grounded. All these proposals were included into Technical Task on a new staff car with a body from stainless steel. Analysis of demand for staff cars with specialized area for wheelchair user transportation and annual traffic volume over the last period have been carried out. Based on the analysis of reduced mobility passenger turnover and the assessment of European railways practices, it is recommended to pursue works on increase the seating capacity in staff cars for passengers of pointed category. Practical importance: Based on the conducted research, the necessity to increase the seating capacity for wheelchair users with accompanying persons has been shown. It has been demonstrated that this issue can be solved using staff cars with stainless steel bodies. Even greater prospect for increasing seating capacity for wheelchair users opens up for new cars (Class "2023") which are being developed in accordance with “T” overall dimensions (car width increase from 3100 to 3400 mm) and lengthwise arrangement of sleeping places in compartment.

Innovating knowledge and information for a firm-level automobile demand forecast system: A machine learning perspective

Accurate demand forecasting is important for automotive manufacturing and sales planning because it allows firms to minimize costs and improve their effectiveness. Based on the limitations of existing literature, this paper seeks to establish a novel machine learning-assisted hybrid-input automobile demand forecast model by focusing on the research gaps in input data, methodology, and the scope of demand forecast. To achieve the research aim, the firm-level forecasting performance of the machine learning algorithms based on the hybrid micro-/firm-level (endogenous) and macro-level (exogenous) factors were analyzed to present the optimal approach. The study collected and used monthly vehicle sales and related firm-level data from South Korea from 2011 to 2020. Linear regression, neural network, random forest, stochastic gradient descent, and ensemble learning were used to build the models and verify significant input features using the RReliefF algorithm. The paper presents significant theoretical and managerial contributions that advance the methodological frameworks in the auto demand forecasting literature based on the ML-assisted hybrid-input model, highlighting less well-known endogenous factors that affect company precision to enhance businesses' practical operations.

Exploring Public Perceptions and Disposal Procedures in the Development of a Comprehensive End-of-Life Vehicle Regulation in Malaysia: A Pilot Study

The growing global demand for new cars has resulted in a rise in end-of-life vehicles (ELV), both with usable and non-usable parts. Malaysia faces a particularly pressing issue of abandoned vehicles (AVs), as the country currently lacks comprehensive legislation for managing ELV. On the other hand, countries such as the US, Japan, Belgium, Korea, and China have well-established ELV management policies. In light of this, a pilot study assessed the public’s perception and attitudes towards ELV issues and regulations in Malaysia. The study gathered participants’ views on surrender, deregistration, disposal costs, incentives, recycling, and ELV regulations. The questionnaire used in the study was based on the findings from a previous report. The data were analysed using SPSS version 27, based on 40 interviews with diverse participants. The results of the study revealed three primary themes: “AV and its ELV”, “ELV disposal procedures”, and “ELV regulation and conflict resolution”, with 14 sub-themes. The study adopts a regulatory approach towards ELV and AVs and highlights the importance of an effective voluntary surrender system in Malaysia as a step towards comprehensive ELV regulation. The findings of this pilot study provide valuable insights into the Malaysian public’s views on ELV and can inform the development of more effective and comprehensive ELV legislation.

Economic sanctions as the reasons for the destabilization of the automotive market in Russia

Within the framework of this article, the features of the development of the Russian automotive market in the conditions of sanctions pressure from a number of states are analyzed. According to the author, the automotive industry is important in the context of the development of the real sector of the economy. In this regard, it is largely subject to state regulation. Thus, the main role of the state is to determine the extent to which foreign companies enter the domestic market, including the construction of manufacturing enterprises and the creation of various types of support for domestic companies. The automotive industry has undergone particular changes over the past year due to the imposition of sanctions after the start of the NWO. A large number of companies also either completely left the market or suspended their activities, which led to an increase in prices for cars remaining with dealers, because new cars are not supplied and dealers, due to low supply, cannot meet demand. However, despite this fact, it is impossible to say that the sanctions had only a negative impact on the automotive industry. For example, the author notes that in 2022 there was an increase in demand for cars from Chinese manufacturers such as Chery, Geely, Haval, which, in turn, has a positive effect on trade relations between Russia and China. In addition, the article provides statistical data on the dynamics of prices for the most popular cars in Russia, as well as for BMW models after February 24th. The final part of the article is devoted to the conclusions formulated by the author regarding the impact of sanctions on the prospects for the Russian automotive market.

A thermal comfort evaluation on vehicular environments based on local human body thermal sensations

With the rapid development of the automobile industry and increasing demand for automobiles, consumers also have more and more car requirements. They do not only consider energy, safety and price but also expect a good indoor environment and improved thermal comfort. In order to construct and apply a thermal comfort evaluation method suitable for Chinese consumers, a relationship between the equivalent space temperature and the thermal sensation was obtained by collecting characteristic thermal sensation data of the human body in different environments. An evaluation method based on whole-body and local thermal comfort sensation characteristics for adult Chinese males and females was designed, At the same time, the study found that women's tolerance for thermal sensation is lower and the thermal comfort zone is relatively smaller. In order to explore the accuracy of the evaluation method and a typical non-uniform vehicular environment was selected to verify the findings. The local and whole-body equivalent space temperature of the co-driver seat in the vehicle was tested with a warm dummy, through which whole-body and local thermal sensation values were predicted. The local and whole-body thermal sensation was tested with subjects' subjective experience under the same conditions. The predicted thermal sensation obtained through the equivalent space temperature was compared to the subjective experience results, and the correlation reached up to 0.911, while significance (two-tailed) only reached 0.002, it was possible to predict the thermal sensation vote within an accuracy level of 0.3 point, further proving the accuracy of the whole-body and local thermal comfort evaluation method for adult Chinese male thermal sensation characteristics as proposed in this paper. The results obtained in this study can be used to predict environmental thermal comfort.

Factors influencing Consumer’s Driving Behavior of Most Preferred Luxury Car Brand in Bangkok Thailand

The luxury car market in Thailand is expected to keep expanding with double-digit growth this year (2022), despite the impact of lockdown measures implemented to contain the spread of COVID-19. Demand for cars and the purchasing power of prospective buyers remain strong in these segments, making Thailand a target market for upper-end car manufacturers. Revenue in the Luxury Cars market segment is projected to reach US$201m in 2022. The purpose of this research is to study factors influencing consumer’s driving behavior of his/her most preferred luxury car brand in Bangkok, Thailand. These factors include six independent first-order variables: Social Status (SS), Social Pressure (SP), Brand Personality (BP), Brand Image (BI), Brand Trust (BT), and Product (PD); three second-order latent variables: Product (PD), Brand (BRN) and Social (SOC) and one dependent variable: Car Usage Behavior (CU). 400 sample were collected using electronic questionnaire through social media. We used second-order Structural Equation Models (SEM) for data analysis. The result shows For data analysis, we employed second-order Structural Equation Models (SEM). The result shows that the RMSEA for this model is.049 (.05), which strongly implies a "near fit," and the Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) value is.968 (>. 90), indicating that the model fits well according to the descriptive measures of fit. CFI and TLI, which are incremental fit indices that compare the fit of our hypothesized model to that of a baseline model (i.e., the model with the worst fit), both have values more than.90 (CFI =.979, TLI =.900), indicating an acceptable fit. More importantly the second-order latent factors included in the model i.e. Product (PD) and Social (SOC) seem to have significant effects on influencing consumer’s driving behavior of his/her most preferred luxury car brand in Bangkok, Thailand due to their p-values are all both less than .05.

Composition of Automated Vehicle Groups with Control Barrier and Lyapunov Functions Using Slope Information

In recent years, the rapid increase in the demand for automobiles has caused serious traffic congestion, with the two major contributing factors being highway tunnels and sag sections. In sag sections, the velocity of the front vehicle is reduced because of its inability to recognize the uphill slope, and this reduction in velocity is amplified and propagated to the following vehicles, resulting in traffic congestion. In this study, control barrier functions (CBFs) and control Lyapunov functions (CLFs) are utilized in adaptive cruise control systems to account for multiple constraints in nonlinear systems. When using CBFs and CLFs as constraint in sag sections, we proposes a method to resolve vehicle group instability with congestion resolution in consideration by using the slope information for control conditions to make CBFs and CLFs usable in a multitude of situations.

АНАЛИЗ ПЕРСПЕКТИВ ПЛАНИРОВАНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭЛЕКТРОМОБИЛЬНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА И ЗАРЯДНОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ В РЕГИОНАХ РФ: ЧТО ПЕРВИЧНО?

The electric car market in Russia has grown significantly over the previous three years despite lagging behind other countries and the creation of a network of charging stations in our country acts as both a constraint and a driver for the development of demand for electric cars. Taking into account that the charging station infrastructure tied to the active construction of smart homes is insufficient in Russia, and spatial solutions are possible with a link to the life support infrastructure of economically developed cities and megacities, the regional version of this task in cooperation with federal institutions will act as the main factor in the development of both infrastructure and market. Or market and infrastructure? The solutions will be interdisciplinary in nature related to both technical and technological capabilities and the results of territorial and spatial planning.

Industrial Recycling Process of Batteries for EVs

The growing number of decarbonization standards in the transportation sector has resulted in an increase in demand for electric cars. Renewable energy sources have the ability to bring the fossil fuel age to an end. Electrochemical storage devices, particularly lithium-ion batteries, are critical for this transition’s success. This is owing to a combination of favorable characteristics such as high energy density and minimal self-discharge. Given the environmental degradation caused by hazardous wastes and the scarcity of some resources, recycling used lithium-ion batteries has significant economic and practical importance. Many efforts have been undertaken in recent years to recover cathode materials (such as high-value metals like cobalt, nickel, and lithium). Regrettably, the regeneration of lower-value-added anode materials (mostly graphite) has received little attention. However, given the widespread use of carbon-based materials and the higher concentration of lithium in the anode than in the environment, anode recycling has gotten a lot of attention. As a result, this article provides the most recent research progress in the recovery of graphite anode materials from spent lithium ion batteries, analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of various recovery routes such as direct physical recovery, heat treatment recovery, hydrometallurgy recovery, heat treatment-hydrometallurgy recovery, extraction, and electrochemical methods from the perspectives of energy, environment, and economy; additionally, the reuse of recycled anode mats is discussed. Finally, the problems and future possibilities of anode recycling are discussed. To enable the green recycling of wasted lithium ion batteries, a low energy-consuming and ecologically friendly solution should be investigated.

Performance, emissions, and combustion in turbocharged diesel engines: The effect of rapeseed oil biodiesel-diesel blends

The need for sustainable alternative fuels is becoming increasingly urgent because to the rapidly expanding demand for automobiles and the growing concerns over the fossil fuel diminution. This research looks into how biodiesel, specifically blends made from rapeseed oil (RSO), can fill this new need. The RSO is created through transesterification, which yields a biodiesel with characteristics that meet ASTM requirements. In a 5.1 kW, single-cylinder, turbocharged Diesel engine (Turbo-DE), the performance, emissions, and combustion (P-E-C) characteristics of several RSO-diesel blends (B20, B40, B60, and B80) are examined and contrasted with those of pure diesel. According to the findings, brake thermal efficiency slightly decreases as biodiesel proportion in the blend rises. The environmental advantages of these blends are offset by a sizable decrease in smoke, CO, and hydrocarbon emissions. On the other hand, greater biodiesel ratios result in higher emissions of NOx and CO2. The thermal efficiencies of the brakes for diesel, B20, B40, B60, and B80 blends were found to be 29.3%, 28.6%, 27.9%, 27.2%, and 26.9%, respectively, in the detailed results. While smoke emissions decreased from 55% (diesel) to 40% (B80), NOx emissions ranged from 1556 ppm (diesel) to 1718 ppm (B80). The B20 blend?s combustion characteristics closely resemble those of diesel, with maximum cylinder pressures and ignition delay of 78 bar, 73 bar, 20%, and 18%, respectively, for diesel and B20. These results offer a good starting point for additional investigation into sustainable alternative fuels by shedding light on the prospective performance and ecological impact of biodiesel-diesel mixes.

Current Status of Research on Methanol as an Alternative Fuel to Conventional Fuels

With the rapid development of China's economy and society, the domestic demand for automobiles is growing explosively. At the same time, the dependence of China's crude oil on foreign countries exceeds 65%. This is a great hidden danger to the sustainable development of China's economy and energy security. Automobile consumes a large amount of petroleum resources, and automobile exhaust is one of the main factors causing environmental pollution. In view of the dual pressure of energy saving and emission reduction, methanol has been favored by many researchers for its many advantages (such as cleanliness, environmental protection, renewable and high accessibility). In this paper, the resource extensibility of methanol, the physicochemical properties of methanol, the application characteristics of methanol in internal combustion engine and the comparison of the combustion performance of methanol with traditional fuels are summarized and analyzed.

Огляд європейських тенденцій розвитку електротранспорту та його взаємодії з енергетичним сектором

An overview of the trends in the development of electric transport in European countries is presented, including the state and tax policy of supporting electric transport owners, the dynamics of the growth of the European fleet of electric vehicles, the development of charging infrastructure and the main principles of the interaction between electric vehicles and power system. The experience of countries that have successfully developed electric transport was reviewed, and it was found that the demand for electric cars mostly depends on the price of electric cars for the end user, infrastructure development and government incentive programs. The review also showed that, in practice, the wide spread of electric vehicles should occur simultaneously with the development of the corresponding infrastructure, as well as the development of systems for their interaction with the energy system and compliance with global environmental standards. The growing number of electric vehicles certainly requires special attention from network and power system operators, because the appearance of charging stations of various manufactures and capacities, installed in residential areas, private and apartment buildings, can lead to the number of problems, the emergence of which is associated with electromagnetic compatibility, overloading of electric cables and distribution transformers, safety of operation, that as a result can negatively affect the reliability and quality of power supply. There is also the potential risk that with a certain number of EVs, there will not be enough existing generation capacity and capacity of the electricity grid to charge EV batteries. The analysis of the principles of interaction between electric vehicles and power system in Europe showed that they are based on the concept of Smart Grid - smart or intelligent power supply networks, by means of which the electric vehicle charging system can be managed by the energy supplying company in order to solve a number of energy system tasks: increasing the efficiency of network infrastructure using, peak load shift and the development of smart grid infrastructure. Keywords: electric vehicle, electric charging station, charging infrastructure, power system, environmental requirements, the Smart Grid concept