Capital Strategies Research Articles

Transformation of human capital strategies in the tourism industry under the influence of Economy 4.0

The digital transformation of society affects socio-economic relations in all spheres of life; however, the degree of this influence differs depending on countries and regions. Various industries and sectors of the economy are also affected by digitalization to one degree or another.In this context, the purpose of the paper is to determine the dependence of human capital in the tourism industry on the digitalization level of the economy.The following methods were used: data standardization, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, K means, and SWOT analysis.The panel sample includes indicators from 61 countries for 2018. The analysis revealed distinctive features that allowed allocating the countries into clusters. Cluster 1 (14 cases): countries with average Human Capital Index (HCI) and World Digital Competitiveness (WDC) values, depending on tourism. Cluster 2 (13 cases): countries with slightly above average HCI and WDC values that are less dependent on tourism. Cluster 3 (15 cases): countries with HCI and WDC values below average, not particularly dependent on tourism. Cluster 4 (1 case): outliers. Cluster 5 (18 cases): countries with above average HCI and WDC that are tourism dependent. The calculation results made it possible to identify the cluster principles. The use of the identified distinctive features in the SWOT analysis allows formulating the key elements of human capital strategies in the tourism sector for each group of countries.

Barriers and Mitigating Strategies of Entrepreneurial Business Growth: The Role of Entrepreneur Race and Gender

Abstract In this study, we investigate the obstacles to growth and the mitigating strategies of high-performing (over $1 million in revenues) entrepreneurial businesses, and how these differ between businesses owned by Black and White entrepreneurs and between female and male entrepreneurs. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and qualitatively analyzed using grounded theory and thematic analysis methods. Findings reveal that the lack of access to capital is faced by all groups of entrepreneurs, but that Black and female entrepreneurs additionally faced racial discrimination and gender bias obstacles to their business growth. While all entrepreneurs used social capital strategies to mitigate the barriers to growth that their businesses faced, Black and female entrepreneurs additionally employed faith and prayer as well as business engagement in governmental and corporate diversity initiatives as strategies to overcome the obstacles. Implications of the findings for the entrepreneurial business growth of racial/ethnic minority and female-owned firms are discussed.

Strategies to Improve Financial Profitability in the Banking Industry

More than 50% of business failures in the United States are because of leaders’ inability to manage working capital. This qualitative, multiple case study is grounded in the cash conversion cycle theory. The purpose is to explore the strategies bank leaders have used to improve working capital management in three banks in Kentucky to increase bank profitability and improve financial stability. Data were collected using semistructured interviews with three different banking leaders who have implemented successful working capital strategies. Using methodological triangulation and Yin’s five-step data analysis resulted: (a) risk and liquidity, (b) top-down approach, and (c) investment approach. The findings from this study include strategies for improving the use of working capital, leading to business profitability and increases in employment opportunities.

Perceived Impact of Gentrification on Health and Well-Being: Exploring Social Capital and Coping Strategies in Gentrifying Neighborhoods

Despite its positive aspects, gentrification has been criticized for displacing the longtime low-income minorities. This study examined the role of social capital and community activism through the ecosocial, politico-ecological, and structuralist lens to explore the perceived impact of gentrification on residents’ health and well-being. A key informant interview (KII = 1) and in-depth interviews (IDI = 9) were conducted between June and October; the participants were recruited from those partaking in a Neighborhood and Health survey in Austin, Texas, during summer of 2020. Several themes related to environmental stress and weak neighborhood interest emerged deductively, and other themes emerged inductively. Participants acknowledged that gentrification brings attention to the physical environment in terms of basic amenities that could improve well-being; they equally felt that displacement and increased property tax could be a source of stress to longtime residents, particularly older residents. These findings can help local governments and policymakers develop related policies and projects to better support citizens’ health and well-being, especially those facing uncertainties due to urban renewal.

12 Equipping Humans--Optimizing Performance: The Role of Technology in Human Capital

Abstract Human capital influences 100% of the production and business performance achieved in swine production. “Five years from now 35% of the of important workforce skills will have changed.” according to Digital Transformation 1. To meet the coming digital transformation in swine production, the need for innovative human capital strategies has never been greater. Boessen, Artz, and Schutlz 2 found labor is a critical issue for the industry. High performing swine farms achieve it because of their people. Swan 3 noted that “pigs do not achieve excellence; people achieve excellence through their pigs.” Agriculture has been slow to adapt soft skill strategies due to the ambiguity in the value proposition. Cost metrics of turnover, poor performance, and safety are traditionally buried within the P&L under labor with labor impacting 100% of the value chain in pig and pork production. The need to analyze the human impact has never been more crucial, and this led to the 2019 Labor intel Study by sponsors and Summit SmartFarms. Schmidt and Hunter‍ 4 found that the use of general mental ability testing improves the predictability and utility of hiring the right person. The increased validity can be as high as 20% vs. traditional means of recruitment. Assessments have proven to provide intelligence on humans for many years through the principles of industrial psychology. Platforms like Cloverleaf and the Organizational Cultural Inventory have harnessed all the attributes of digital transformation to provide human intelligence for predictive and prescriptive human optimization. Pigmanship training has accelerated the value of assessments through precision training. The next step is to integrate these platforms into an analysis tool that combines production, human resource, and assessment data to quantify the value of organizational health.1. Digital Transformation by Thomas Siebel Rosetta Books 2 National Pork Board. Employee Compensation and HR Practices in Pork Production.3 Swan, M.K. Swine Human Resources: Managing Employees. 4 Schmidt FL, Hunter JE. The validity and utility of selection methods in personnel psychology

PENGARUH STRATEGI POSITIONING DAN HUMAN CAPITAL TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN PADA PTPN VIII BUNISARI LENDRA

Service companies can invest in executing positioning and human capital strategies so that employees can have the ability to deal with potential variations in customer demand, according to the company's positioning strategy. Therefore, service companies that have a matching strategy for positioning and human capital will get a greater increase in performance. So it can be concluded that the positioning strategy and human capital have a significant effect on company performance. efforts to improve company performance are by measuring the level of the positioning strategy used by the company, namely: Customer Co-Production, namely implementing a different strategy from competing companies; Customer Contact, namely identifying customer desires by way of interaction; and Service Customization, where companies must be able to change their products according to specific consumer needs

A case for increasing exemplary followership in organizations

Purpose In today’s rapidly changing workforce environment, organizations seek ways to increase productivity to remain competitive. The central human capital strategy is to attract the best talent and increase individual and team productivity to reach its strategic goals. Human Resources (HR) Professionals are required to attract, retain, train and develop employees to exhibit critical citizenship behaviours. The purpose of this paper is to present organizational-based research on why exemplary followers are considered valuable, as well as contribute to the understanding and discourse of the important role “exemplary followers” have for organizations. Extant followership constructs will be linked to key HR processes to illustrate how organizations can select, develop and retain “exemplary followership” to safeguard organizational sustainability. Design/methodology/approach A brief overview of HR systems and processes to enhance exemplary followership in employees is presented for training and development purposes. A range of research and practitioner papers are reviewed with the aim of illustrating the importance of and the key constructs for exemplary followership and to suggest practical applications for its development within organizations’ HR processes. Findings By understanding the importance and implications of exemplary followership development, the author will suggest practical HR tools that may be adopted, whole or in part, thus improving organizational sustainability. Practical implications Providing ways for HR to increase exemplary followership through learning and growth might help to expand practical followership development programmes in organizations at all levels. Originality/value This paper has drawn on limited followership organizational performance research done in the USA and Ghana and overall research in this area. It has discussed the Followership Continuum Model as a prescriptive tool for organizations to use. All Followership research has simply provided foundational constructs to be used in the original work the author developed for increasing exemplary followership in organizations through HR processes. There is no research like this to the author’s knowledge.

Going Abroad, Friends on Board: Cross-Border Venture Capital and Syndication Strategy in China

Cross-border venture capitals (CBVCs) are increasingly prevailing in recent decades, inter alia in emerging markets like China. The venture capital (VC) firms investing outside their home countries are faced with foreignness which is broadly regarded as liability. The primary aim of this article is to contribute to our understanding how foreignness affects VC’s strategy when entering emerging markets, particularly with respect to the foreignness originated from cultural distance. The data consist of over 5,000 CBVC deals taking place in China mainland from 1988 to 2016. Our empirical study shows that, with foreignness growing, it turns from liability into advantage in the context of CBVCs. We find an inverse U-shape relationship between foreignness and syndication, with VC firm’s reputation as the moderator. Besides, foreign VC firms establish local subsidiary when faced with foreignness, which serves as alternative to syndication. The key contribution of this article is that foreignness turns from liability into advantage in emerging markets, which exerts a curvilinear impact on the entry strategy of VC firms. This study advances the knowledge of foreignness and VC strategy, and sheds new light on entrepreneurial activities in emerging markets.

Social resilience and climate change: findings from community listening sessions

BackgroundThe mental health effects of climate change include not only those directly related to the traumatic consequences of severe weather events, but also the anxiety, fear, and distress associated with slower-moving stressors, perceptions, and attempts to understand and respond appropriately to climate change and its implications. The effects of climate change on mental health and wellbeing are not isolated, they interact with other social and environmental determinants of health including race, income, and housing stability. The modern biomedical model and dominant cultural values in the USA have placed an emphasis on the individual in terms of mental health and resilience. Mainstream mental health interventions have focused on individual psychotherapy and pharmaceuticals. These approaches, while important, often ignore the social determinants of mental health that are particularly important to climate-vulnerable communities including systemic oppression, social cohesion, stable income, cultural pride, and sense of hope or spirituality. Many concepts related to social resilience do not consider equity and power. To bring in the perspectives of communities affected by inequities, the Oregon Climate and Health Program partnered with community health workers to host listening sessions with different cultural groups across the state. MethodsIn 2019, four community listening sessions were convened on the topics of climate change and social resilience: with a Latinx community (facilitated in Spanish), with African-American and African immigrant communities, with an urban Native American community, and with a white community. Each session had about 12 participants and most were identified as leaders, connectors, or community health workers in their communities. We analysed the findings with a theoretical framework used for understanding social capital: bonding, bridging, and linking. Social capital acknowledges the importance of power in social relationships and how these can bring about change in policy, systems, and environments. In choosing this framework, we acknowledge that climate resilience is not about returning to or maintaining an ideal state. Rather, it is a dynamic process of honouring and integrating diverse solutions and approaches that build on community strengths and enable transformative, equitable change. FindingsSocial inequities and political polarisation were strong themes that emerged across all community listening sessions. In the sessions, community members talked about the connection between individual mental health resilience and the broader community and climate resilience. They emphasised the importance of meeting basic needs, such as affordable housing and food security, and validated the importance of trusting relationships, cultural traditions, and diversity. Evidence shows that these kinds of community strengths lead to greater social cohesion and stronger social networks, which act as buffers against negative health impacts of climate disasters and help communities recover more quickly after a disaster. Findings helped to inform a 2021 study on how climate change affects youth depression and the development of a new pilot project with Latinx and indigenous community leaders. Recommended actions were also prioritised in Oregon's 2021 Climate Change Adaptation Framework, including the use of community-based participatory research methods, and building capacity of community-based organisations. InterpretationGovernment agencies often see themselves as distinct and separate from communities; however, they are a key part of a community's social networks. This research resulted in recommendations for how government agencies and other organisations with power can act as social capital builders, especially in communities on the front lines of climate change. Such actions include making and following through on commitments to equity, investing in community engagement and bridging skills within the workforce, and expanding climate-related programmes to include social capital strategies and measures as necessary co-benefits of any climate resilience investment. FundingUS Centers of Disease Control and Prevention Climate and Health Program.

TernAkses: Livestock investment based on crowdfunding through custodial services and millennial farms planning

Gross Domestic Products in a country becomes an important focus in measuring the level of welfare of the people. One of the sectors contributing to Indonesia’s high GDP is the agriculture sector in the livestock sub-sector. Indonesia is able to contribute from the livestock sub-sector to meet the food needs of the community at large. However, problems arise in accessing capital and sales of livestock products that make the livestock sub-sector’s contribution fluctuate each year, so that Indonesia must import livestock products to meet public demand. The development of crowdfunding-based financial technology as a breeder capital strategy through capital contributions supported by the integration of livestock partners and millennial farms planning. Through innovations based on the digitalization of financing and marketing of livestock products and supported by a positive trend of internet growth. TernAkses is an investment service innovation and sale and purchase of livestock products based marketing. Access can solve existing problems through funding programs, partnerships, training, assistance, marketing and livestock sharing. TernAkses uses websites and applications that can be accessed through a broad range of community smartphones. In its application, the synergy of related stakeholders is needed to be able to implement the concept.

Analyzing Effects of Climate Variability in the Nexus of Informal Microfinance Institutions: A Case Study of Tharaka South Subcounty, Kenya

Climate variability is variation of climate elements from the longterm mean state on all spatiotemporal scales. Climate variability affects microfinance institutions directly and indirectly through physical and transition risks. However, no studies have analyzed the effects of climate variability in relation to informal microfinance institutions. The study, therefore, aimed to analyze the effects of climate variability in relation to informal microfinance institutions. It used a descriptive study design and multi-stage sampling design. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis, descriptive analysis, and Kendall’s tau-b correlation analysis. The study found a positive trend in climate variability (τ b = 0.174, α>0.05). Local people are highly vulnerable to climate variability as confirmed by 98.7% of the respondents who observed that climate variability affects their livelihoods. This vulnerability stems from the effect of climate variability on access to capital assets and livelihood strategies. Vulnerability to climate variability has a significant negative effect on loan repayment performance, loan access and sustainability, and hence on informal microfinance performance (τ b = - 0.109**, P <0.01). Nevertheless, climate variability increases participation in informal microfinance institutions as shown by the positive relationship with the number of people who joined informal microfinance institutions (τ b = 0.239**, P <0.01) and the number formed per year (τ b = 0.137, P <0.01) from 1981 to 2018. This is because informal microfinance institutions help vulnerable households in building resilience to climate variability as observed by 80.8% of the respondents.. The characteristics of informal microfinance institutions have positive or negative relationships with vulnerability to climate variability. These relationships are and could be further leveraged upon to address effects of climate variability on informal microfinance institutions. Detailed contextual analysis of informal microfinance institutions in the nexus of climate variability is thus imperative to inform actions aimed at cushioning the groups and their members against the impacts.

Overview of Human Capital Management Policies and Practices of the Textile Industry in Tirupur and Coimbatore Districts – A Study

The commitment of Human capital of cooperative Textile units should be fixed at the maximum level. The role of industrial relation and bargaining moments in private sector textile units have been increased. The presence of the same should be ensured in order to make a good representation of the human capital on before top management and government. The job rotation and transfers of public sector employees strongly affect the work life balance of human capital. The process of transfer and job rotation should consider the personnel issues with the respect of the same. The Human capital outsourcing contract should be abolished in the study area. The Human capital Management strategies should be revised by the government, cooperative privates sector textile units to increase the Human Development Index (HDI) in the study area.

O cuidado em saúde mental centrado na pessoa: uma experiência na atenção primária à saúde

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de uma discente do curso de graduação em enfermagem quanto ao desenvolvimento de intervenções em saúde mental direcionadas a uma adolescente no âmbito da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Relato de Experiência: Trata-se de um relato de experiência desenvolvido a partir de vivências em uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família de uma capital brasileira. Os cuidados direcionaram-se a uma adolescente acompanhada pela enfermagem. Durante cinco encontros, entre atendimentos na unidade, visita domiciliária e discussão interprofissional, foram realizadas intervenções centradas nas suas demandas, utilizando o referencial da Atenção Centrada na Pessoa e modelo de atenção psicossocial. A partir disso, o cuidado foi construído de modo dialogado, resultando em melhorias na adolescente referentes à afetividade, humor e, maior empenho em interagir com a acadêmica. Considerações Finais: Analisar esse processo, como discente, permitiu uma reflexão acerca da possibilidade de atuação do enfermeiro referente aos cuidados com a saúde mental na Atenção Primária à Saúde, à luz do modelo de atenção psicossocial e Atenção Centrada na Pessoa.

Living it up at the Hotel California: Employee Mobility Barriers and Collaborativeness in Firms' Innovation

Research has long recognized the importance of collaboration for innovation, but relatively little is known about the strategic drivers of collaborative innovation in firms. We posit that robust collaboration within firms can increase the inter-firm mobility of inventors and increase spillovers of innovative knowledge to competitors by mobile inventors. Therefore, by mitigating these value capture hazards associated with collaboration, barriers to employee mobility may induce firms to increase collaborativeness in innovation. Additionally, consistent with the mechanism underlying this proposition, we hypothesize that firms whose innovation entails more complex knowledge, which is known to impede inter-firm knowledge spillovers, will increase collaboration less when employee mobility increase. We test these hypotheses by leveraging quasi-exogenous changes in two legal mobility barriers for inventors across U.S. states, and find that higher mobility barriers are associated with greater inventor collaboration (as observed in patented innovation), and this effect is weaker for firms possessing more complex knowledge. These findings deepen our understanding of the strategic tradeoffs between value creation and value capture entailed in collaborative innovation within firms, and of human capital strategies that help to manage these tradeoffs.

Collections Space: The Final Frontier (Smithsonian Institution, US)

To address storage challenges, the Smithsonian undertook a multi-year, highly collaborative, and Institution-wide planning initiative in 2010 to document, analyse, and plan for addressing current and projected collections space needs in a pragmatic, strategic and integrated manner. This case study provides an overview of the planning process, illustrates the innovative methodologies utilised in the initiative, and highlight outcomes which have made collections space an Institutional and budgetary priority—ensuring the long-term preservation and accessibility of Smithsonian collections. The immense scale of Smithsonian collections and collections spaces, the diversity of space types, and varied museum storage techniques constitute significant challenges for maintaining appropriate environments, security, fire safety, and storage equipment. The planning initiative established collaborative processes that engaged all stakeholders in solving collections space issues, conducted a comprehensive survey of existing Institutional conditions, and developed strategies applicable to other cultural institutions seeking efficient, sustainable collections space. The resulting Collections Space Framework Plan is a flexible roadmap to guide capital projects, provide renovation and new construction strategies that address unacceptable collections space conditions, allow for decompression of overcrowded collections, increase physical accessibility, anticipate future collections growth, and reduce reliance on lease space for collections storage. The Framework Plan has transformed the future of Smithsonian collections space. Existing conditions are documented in a database which is updated annually and analysed to prioritise improvements. It has already had a major impact on programming and securing funding for critical space improvements at Smithsonian museums and two off-site collections centres.

A Estrutura de Capital é Relevante para a Rentabilidade dos Bancos? Evidências Empíricas nos Maiores Bancos Brasileiros com Papéis Negociados na [B

Objetivo: Identificar evidências da relevância da estrutura de capital e das principais estratégias bancárias para a maximização de valor nos bancos.Método: Pesquisa de natureza empírico-analítica, descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa, sendo os dados longitudinais coletados da base de dados Economatica® entre o período do 1º trimestre de 2008 ao 4º trimestre de 2018. Para as análises foram realizados testes de regressão linear com dados em painel (panel data).Principais resultados: Há evidências da relevância da estrutura de capital e da influência de estratégias bancárias para a rentabilidade dos bancos mensurada com base no ROICAJUSTADO.Relevância e originalidade: A atualidade, relevância e debates críticos inevitáveis sobre o tema desperta o interesse da área acadêmica por pesquisas direcionadas à análise crítica da relevância da estrutura de capital e de estratégias operacionais para a maximização de valor.Contribuições teóricas: Oportuniza o debate acadêmico inevitável acerca da relevância da estrutura de capital e das principais estratégias bancárias para a maximização de valor nos maiores bancos de capital aberto.Contribuições sociais: Contribui para o processo decisório de gestores, investidores, analistas financeiros e órgãos reguladores do setor ao abordar a relevância da estrutura de capital para os bancos, os riscos e custos envolvidos, os principais aspectos que incentivam níveis elevados de alavancagem financeira e os fatores determinantes para a rentabilidade.

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОЦЕНКЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА РЕГИОНОВ СЕВЕРО-КАВКАЗСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА

The article discusses the main existing methodological approaches to assessing the state of human capital in the regions, and provides a critical analysis by comparing the positive and negative sides. The article substantiates that in modern realities for the assessment of regional human capital should be used available indicators recorded by the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation in all regions, which will ensure the comparability of calculations between different subjects and give a certain universality to the methods of assessing the state of human capital in the region. Justifies the author’s position of assessing the state of human capital in the region based on the socalled representative approach of interregional comparison, the undoubted advantage of which is the comparability of the assessment indicators, which excludes the influence of the area and population of the region on the calculation of specific indicators. It is shown, in addition, that this approach is based on regional statistics available and universal for all regions. In the article, based on the methodology for assessing the human capital of the region justified by the authors, an assessment of the state of the human capital of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District for 2019 is carried out, according to the results of which the corresponding conclusions are made, indicating a fairly strong differentiation of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District by individual components of human capital. In this connection, it is proposed to consider the integral index of the human capital of the region in the context of the influence of indicators of the elements of regional human capital on it in order to obtain more weighty guidelines for the development strategies of regional human capital. The methodological approach proposed in the article and the results obtained can be useful for the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District to develop development strategies and adjust existing programs for the development of human capital.

Стратегии управления человеческими ресурсами в российских корпорациях при переходе к ноономике

The future economy is the economy of knowledge, and therefore those companies that will be able to build an effective human resource man agement system and be able to make a breakthrough become leaders in their industries in Russia and the world. The article presents the analysis of the fundamental documents of the strategic development of the largest Russian corporations for the inclusion in them of sections or mention of various aspects of human resources and human capital. The analysis of the use of these concepts in the strategies of Russian corporations related to the sectors of electric power, chemistry, petrochemistry, oil and gas, metals and mining. The classification of types of use in strategies of human resources and human capital has been carried out. For corporations of various types, the assessment of generalized indicators of the efficiency of corporations was carried out, based on which conclusions were drawn about the influence of human resources and human capital in the strategy on the efficiency of the work of Russian corporations.

A flexible evolutionary model of machine learning of the most successful strategies of human capital development

As a result of research, the concept of a flexible evolutionary model is proposed, which with the help of machine learning allows obtaining the most successful strategy for the development of human capital. The proposed conceptual and methodological approach to machine learning of the process of assessing human capital of enterprises, taking into account the cognitive psychology of man and reflective attitudes in the human environment, can increase the effectiveness of decision-making in the field of human capital development management. The training involves indicators of return on investment in the individual, in the types of components of human capital, which are characterized by properties (creativity, competence, purposefulness, communication, motivation), where between their varieties there are appropriate reflective relationships. The main difficulty of this approach to the choice of alternative solutions for finding options for the use of human capital is the correct selection of indicators of significance (return) of contributions to the development of types of human capital, on the basis of which cycles occur of systemic learning. This approach can simplify the search for and developments of human capital development strategies, present alternative ways, and simplify management decisions.

The role of human resource management in the concept of sustainable enterprise development

In the article the sustainable development as the alternative concept of further transformation of the economic system in general and an enterprise in particular is considered. The concept of the sustainable development cycle of enterprise was improved by the authors; they specified the important role of human resources management in this cycle. The paper emphasizes the need to focus the human resources management not only on the operational activities’ results, but also on increasing the employees’ personal competitiveness and intensifying collaboration and mutual support to form a corporate knowledge due to developing corporate universities and E-learning systems aimed at continuous sustainable development of human resources. A significant attention in the concept of an enterprise sustainable development is paid to creation an effective human capital management strategy. This strategy should be focused on decomposition of the objectives in sustainable development, building a favourable organizational culture, developing business models that are based on effective communication with consumers, selecting the state-of-the-art forms of business organization and doing business; this is including, but not limiting, to those that have emerged in the field of social business, which allow to move towards implementation of the main objectives of sustainable development.