Capital Repair Research Articles

Energy-efficient construction materials in capital repair of apartment buildings (on the example of Rostov-on-Don)

This paper assesses the need to improve the energy efficiency of multi-apartment residential buildings in Rostov-on-Don, built in the period of industrial house building for the use of energy-efficient building materials. The paper analyses the existing housing stock, identifies the series of apartment buildings, determines the dynamics of construction by year, and the structural schemes of each series. Also, the heat transfer resistance of the building envelopes of all building series was calculated and high-performance insulation materials were selected according to the green materials assessment criteria.

EFFICIENCY OF TERRITORY USE IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF A 5-STOREY BUILDING TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CURRENT REGULATORY AND LEGAL TOWN PLANNING REQUIREMENTS

EFFICIENCY OF TERRITORY USE IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF A 5-STOREY BUILDING TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CURRENT REGULATORY AND LEGAL TOWN PLANNING REQUIREMENTS

FEATURES OF THE COMPOSITION OF ENGINEERING AND GEODESIC SURVEYS IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION

The peculiarities of the composition and content of engineering and geodetic surveys for the development of projects for capital repair, reconstruction and new construction of highways are considered. Engineering and geodetic surveys are a separate type of geodetic work, the purpose of which is to obtain complete and reliable topographical and geodetic materials and information about the situation and relief of the area in the area of performance of works. The success of the development of project solutions and their subsequent implementation in the construction of highways directly depends on the completeness of the composition and content and quality of the engineering and geodetic surveys. Therefore, it is appropriate to determine the features of the composition and content of engineering and geodetic surveys for the construction, reconstruction and capital repair of highways. Currently, the composition and content of engineering and geodetic surveys in road construction is dynamically developing, as new technologies of geodetic works, modern geodetic devices and automated methods of processing geodetic results are introduced. Therefore, it is expedient to determine the composition and content of engineering and geodetic surveys during the construction, reconstruction and overhaul of highways and artificial structures, taking into account the main provisions of current regulatory documents and modern scientific and technical literature. Engineering and geodetic surveys of highways and artificial structures are included as separate types of work: – creation of reference geodetic networks; – monitoring and measurement of deformations and displacement of buildings and structures; – geodetic supervision of dangerous natural phenomena, monitoring of their development; – drawing up and updating engineering and topographic plans of scales 1:5000 – 1:200; – drawing up and updating engineering and topographic plans of ground, underground and above-ground engineering communications and structures; – compilation of a digital terrain model; – obtaining a «cloud of points» as a result of scanning the terrain; – tracing linear objects; – agreement on the characteristics and correctness of drawing engineering communications on engineering and topographic plans; – engineering and hydrographic works; The technology for performing the listed works must be carried out in strict compliance with the requirements of DSTU 9154:2021 «Guidance on performance of geodesic works in road building», which came into force on September 1, 2022. The considered features of the composition and content of geodetic works in road construction are partially reflected in DSTU 9154:2021 «Instructions for performing geodetic works in road construction». Keywords: road, surveying, geodetic measurements, road construction.

Building the Muslim religious structures in the Tobolsk Province in the late 18th — early 20th century

Analyzed herein is the state politics in the area of building the Muslim religious structures in the Tobolsk Province at the end of the 18th — beginning of the 20th century. The source basis of the work was represented by the statutory and regulatory acts, clerical correspondence retrieved from the state archives, and pictorial materi-als. In this work, historical-comparative analysis, methods of historicism, induction and deduction were employed. During the period in question, more than a hundred of Muslim religious objects were functioning in the Tobolsk Province. The regulation of their building started in the second third of the 20th century. Three parties were partici-pating in the process of obtaining a permit for the erection of mosques: gubernia (province), okrug (county), and volost (district) administration-police bodies and officials; the high clerical body of the Muslims of the European Russia and Siberia — Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly; and the religious community — ummah. The interac-tion between them on the matter of building a mosque could take several years. The decision on the erection of Muslim religious objects was taken by the state authorities. Often, in the case of a discrepancy in the number of believers in the ummah (no less than 200 men), the regional authorities permitted erection of mosques. They softened their stance on this matter. In the Tobolsk Province, at the end of the 18th — beginning of the 20th cen-turу, the mosques were predominantly wooden. There were only few Muslim religious structures in the region built of brick. Mosques in the Province were erected at the expense of members of the ummah and donations of bene-factors. We suggest that the makority of the religious structures were built not as ‘template’ projects, but as the projects specially designed and approved by public officials. One of the features of their exterior was position of the minaret on the roof of the mosque. Also noteworthy are the dimensions of the prayer hall. It was relatively small, with two to five windows on each side. That depended on the needs of the ummahs. On average, the ser-vice life of the wooden mosques was 50–60 years. Subsequently, due to the lower durability of timber as a build-ing material, the Muslim religious objects required capital repair or erection of a new structure.

Seismic repair and retrofit prioritization framework

The 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence caused significant damage to the Canterbury District Health Board (CDHB) building stock. The extent of damage, post-earthquake changes to the seismic code, new legislation around earthquake-prone buildings, and ongoing changes to clinical service requirements created a challenging decision-making environment for capital works repair and retrofit. In this article, we present a framework designed to assess the seismic resilience of buildings from a holistic perspective and to determine appropriate levels of seismic retrofit. The framework design ensures that decisions are driven by building criticality in the context of a healthcare system. It helps users to balance life safety risk and the demands of delivering critical clinical services day to day: resulting in safe facilities that provide effective health services under a range of future conditions. Pilot application of the framework enabled the reprioritization of significant capital toward buildings that provide the most life safety and health service resilience benefits in the long term. The process and resulting framework from this project is applicable to a wider range of building owners navigating seismic retrofit decision-making and the emerging movement toward functional recovery–based building regulation.

MODERN PROGRAMS FOR PROCESSING DATA OF GEODESIC DIMENSIONS

Modern software used for processing field geodetic surveys was studied. Every year, geodetic production faces new tasks that require a quick and correct solution. The modern level of automation of geodetic work is characterized by the widespread distribution of electronic total stations and satellite receivers, digital aerial photography complexes, field portable computers, as well as multifunctional software packages. This requires the use of new technologies and an automated information processing system, which includes the availability of a software complex for processing field measurement materials, means of automated data entry and graphical information, programs for processing graphics and automated drawing, devices for outputting graphic and textual information. The software for processing the received data of geodetic measurements should be such that the most complex tasks are performed, and at the same time it is easy to use. The development of software tools for processing geodetic measurements will help to reduce the time for camera data processing. The article evaluates the software in terms of the possibility of their practical implementation in the field of geodesy, as well as in terms of accessibility, comprehensibility and the presence of additional functions. An analysis of the functionality of the most widespread in Ukraine modern software complexes for processing the results of ground surveying, such as: CADdy, FieldWorks, Topograd, Topocad, and CREDO, designed for processing the results of geodetic measurements and designing the construction, reconstruction, repair of highways and transport interchanges, was carried out. including public roads, city streets and roads of all technical categories. Based on the analysis of the functionality of modern software complexes designed to process the results of geodetic measurements and the design, reconstruction and capital repair of highways, appropriate conclusions were formed.

The Need for Legal Consolidation of Mechanisms for the Return to the Regional Operator of Funds Borrowed to Pay for Complete Repairs of an Apartment Building

The paper analyzes possible negative consequences of the use by a regional operator to pay for complete repairs of the apartment buildings of funds paid by the owners of the premises of other houses. The right of a regional operator to use such funds on a refundable basis is established by federal law and is actively applied in most regions of the Russian Federation. However, in practice, it is not always possible to return the funds borrowed in this way, which is a serious problem for the regional operator, undermining its financial stability. In addition. this requires the development of mechanisms to guarantee such a refund. The current requirements for regional capital repair programs, in conjunction with the established responsibilities of the regional operator, force the regional operator to ensure that major repairs are carried out even in those houses where repair is inappropriate. The subsequent exclusion of these houses from capital repair programs creates problems affecting the financial stability of the regional operator.

Analysis of the Theory and Practice of Tariff Formation for Capital Repairs of Apartment Buildings in the Russian Federation

Since 2014, the Russian Federation has established an obligation for the population to pay monthly fees for capital repairs in apartment buildings. However, these funds are not used to repair structural frames and internal networks of buildings, they are only enough to ensure a smooth functioning of residential buildings. In the case when it is required to guarantee the safety of living and maintain the proper level of quality of residential premises in accordance with various standards, it is necessary to carry out major repairs, which involve more significant costs. The aim of the study is to analyze the regulatory framework and study the experience of Irkutsk region in the formation of the minimum amount of contribution for capital repairs. The analysis has led to the conclusion that the amount of this contribution in Russia in 2014 was set at a lower level than it was justified and proposed by scientists and practitioners. Many regional authorities, including authorities of the Irkutsk region, do not adjust the minimum amount of contribution to the capital repair fund in order to avoid increasing social tension. In fact, the authorities have to set the minimum fee in accordance with the income of the inhabitants of the region, and when setting the tariff for capital repair, they have to take into account the current economic situation in the country rather than the real costs of construction work. The findings suggest that, in the absence of financial support from the consolidated budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the capital repair funds' own resources, which are formed only on the basis of the established «socially affordable» minimum contribution rate, will not be sufficient to fully implement the regional capital repair programme.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРОЦЕССА ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫХ И МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ УСЛУГ НА БАЗЕ ЭЛЕКТРОННОЙ ПЛАТФОРМЫ

The article examines the practical experience of providing state and municipal services in a digital format, which is especially important against the background of the post-pandemic trend to minimize direct contacts and the overall development of information technologies. As an example, a pilot project of the Moscow region is considered, which consists in creating an application for managing multi-apartment residential buildings. The application is developed on the basis of the electronic platform of Gosuslugi.ru, it allows owners not only to receive comprehensive information about the state of the house and the work of the management company, but also to hold general meetings of homeowners with automatic generation of a protocol. Such meetings greatly simplify the procedure for making various decisions, including on entering federal, regional or municipal programs or receiving funds from the federal capital repair fund. The adaptation of the application took place in November 2021 in the urban district of Khimki. During the experiment, the shortcomings of the program were identified, and new forms of informing residents and their operational interaction with the administration and management companies were worked out. As a result of the study, it was revealed that digital services in the housing sector are among the most in demand and need further development.

An assessment of structural measures for risk reduction of hydrometeorological disasters in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka has a high incidence of natural hazards with hydrometeorological hazards being the most prevalent. Despite the fact that structural measures such as flood walls and embankments play a vital role in disaster mitigation, it is observed that there is a gap in the development of effective, sustainable, and state of the art structural measures in Sri Lanka. This paper, in this context, aims to assess the nature of existing structural measures in the country in order to highlight what improvements are needed, and the costs and benefits of the necessary improvements. This is achieved through a comprehensive literature review followed by the analysis of twelve semi-structured interviews conducted with experts in the subject of structural measures for disaster mitigation. The findings reveal that Sri Lanka has sufficient types of structural measures in relation to floods, landslides, and coastline erosion compared to other developing countries. However, age and outdated technology are critical issues that hinder the expected performance of the measures. Moreover, it is observed that sufficient structural measures for mitigating the risk of drought related disasters are not in place in Sri Lanka compared to measures for other hydrometeorological hazards. The key benefits of improving structural measures in the country are identified as land development, economic growth, and increased stability of cities, and the main costs and challenges are high initial capital cost, high maintenance and repair cost, and the negligible residual value of structural measures. The findings of this study will lead to gaining a comprehensive understanding of gaps and weaknesses in structural measures in Sri Lanka and will influence policymakers and other respective practitioners in disaster mitigation to effectively enhance the existing portfolio of such measures.

Financing Reparative Climate Infrastructures: Capital Switching, Repair, and Decommodification

AbstractDespite geographical critiques of the financialisation of climate governance, the realities of deteriorating environmental conditions, entrenched market logics, and the concentration of capital in the hands of financiers demand new strategies to contend with climate finance. We envision routes to better futures by surveying “financialised” responses to climate catastrophe that might be harnessed towards more reparative and decommodified ends. We combine ideas of “repair” and “capital switching” to evaluate financial tools for “reparative climate infrastructures” in five cases centred on energy, land, and water in the United States, Australia, Indonesia, and Brazil. Through these cases, we identify three key themes—governance, scale, and the state—that illuminate the socioecological, material, and political dimensions of reparative capital switching. The cases are each hopeful and cautionary. Together they offer a window into the contested terrain of climate finance in the present and highlight the need for critical attention to its strategic possibilities.

Classification of the housing stock for the implementation of standard programs of energy-efficient capital repairs (case study of Arkhangelsk)

The purpose of the study is to analyze the energy efficiency class of the housing stock for the implementation of comprehensive energy-efficient capital repairs on houses of different construction series. Research objectives: - assessment of the feasibility of using the software product "ECR Assistant" to assess the energy efficiency class of the housing stock; - analysis of resource consumption and assessment of energy efficiency class depending on climatic factors; - assessment of the energy efficiency class of multi-apartment houses of the same series. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that the estimated energy efficiency class of a building varies depending on the average annual outdoor air temperatures. The main characteristics of buildings belonging to the same building series are not enough to classify objects in order to form programs for energy-efficient capital repairs. For qualitative organizational and technological design of restoration measures in the form of a capital repair, it is necessary to develop a fundamentally sound approach to the classification of the housing stock using modern methods for processing large amounts of data collected on the basis of continuous monitoring.

Саморегулируемые организации в системе контроля и государственного надзора за процессом строительства

The article analyzes the legal status of self-regulatory organizations (SRO) in the sphere of engineering surveys, architectural and construction design, construction, reconstruction, capital repair, and demolition of capital construction objects. The author describes the order of their creation and activities, examines the place and role of the National Association of self-regulatory organizations in the system of control over all stages of construction, and summarizes the process of forming the regulatory and legal framework. The author pays particular attention to the issues of compensation paid by the self-regulatory organization for the harm caused by its members, as well as the problem of creating and functioning of compensation funds. One of the most significant areas of SRO activity is the work aimed at increasing the effectiveness of applying responsibility measures to members of the organization. These include the level and efficiency of control over fulfillment by its members of their obligations under contracts and strengthening of supervision over the SRO activities both legally and practically. Currently, legislation of the Russian Federation regulates the legal status and main activities of SROs. The author notes that the main obstacles lie in applying these norms in practice. The article aims to draw attention to these complications through the comprehensive analysis of the legal norms, the bylaws, and the order of their entry into force.

Specifics of Construction and Installation Works during Capital Repairs and Reconstruction of Administrative Buildings

Specifics of Construction and Installation Works during Capital Repairs and Reconstruction of Administrative Buildings

Programme of construction of schools in the Russian Federation: necessity, the first results and prospects

The article contains the results of the situation analysis in the sphere of education in the Russian Federation. The analysis showed that even the largest cities suffer the shortage of places at schools, need of construction of new schools, capital and annual repair of available school buildings. Heavy expenses which will be required for these purposes make up too heavy burden for budgets of all the levels. The problem resolution can become from the use of the mechanism of public-and-private partnership which is already used for the creation of the social infrastructure and can also promote the construction and repair of schools in the country.

The Actions to Implement Projects on Energy Efficient Capital Repairs

The Actions to Implement Projects on Energy Efficient Capital Repairs

On the Issue of Criteria for the Purpose of Capital Repairs of the Railway Track

The article deals with issues related to the repair of the railway track. The types of modern railway track repairs and the criteria for their assignment are given. Inconsistencies in the current regulatory and technical documents that affect the frequency of repairs have been identified. The disadvantages of the existing criteria for the assignment of certain types of track repairs are indicated. Some sections of the track with an ambiguous interpretation of the criteria for assigning repairs are analyzed. The conclusions are that the compliance of one of the criteria for the assignment of overall repair of a railway track with critical indicators cannot be the only reason for the assignment of the repair, since this requires a comprehensive assessment of the state of the track.

Justification for using resourcesaving banding technology in renovative production

The article substantiates the expediency of applying the basics of resource saving in the development of innovative technologies for strengthening serial parts and restoring worn ones. At the same time, the main task is the rational use of available material resources in the conditions of a decline in production, when it becomes profitable to restore metal-intensive parts worn out to a critical level. In capital repair of machines, the main problems are associated with the energy intensity of the process and a significant number of rejected parts that cannot be restored. Currently, most of the worn-out metal-intensive cast iron and steel body parts that have exhausted the resource are subjected to energy-intensive melting. For the reuse of metal-consuming parts in operation, a technology has been proposed for multilayer banding of a worn surface, in which steel tape is used instead of traditional banding rings. Winding the tape occurs under an interference in several layers. In this case, a multilayer bandage with interturn stresses is formed, which is not inferior in strength to a whole banding ring. The use of a steel “bandage” for the “treatment” of parts reduces the metal consumption for its manufacture by 2.5 times in comparison with the well-known one-piece ring made of round steel. As an example, the article substantiates the possibility of carrying out the banding process in relation to the restoration and strengthening of the seat under the bearing of the housing part. A multilayer bandage can also be used in the recovery of metal-intensive rolling rolls written off in scrap used on broadband cold rolling mills.

House stock forecasting based on population growth. A case of Nur-Sultan City, Kazakhstan

Since the beginning of 2020, the "Nurly Zher" housing and communal development program for 2020-2025 came into force in Kazakhstan. Within the framework of this program there are tasks of capital repair and renovation of the housing stock. The passportization of the housing stock was adopted as one of the measures to solve this problem. At the same time there are some discrepancies in the statistical data between the Committee of Statistics of the Ministry of National Economy of the RK and Local Executive Authorities with a simultaneous increase in the volume of housing construction. This article examines the volume of residential buildings commissioned in Nur-Sultan depending on changes in the population of the city. It is assumed that as the number of people in the city will increase the volume of housing stock. To understand the volume of housing in Nur-Sultan in the period of the program "Nurly Zher" in the article gives a forecast increase in commissioned housing by 62% by 2025, compared with the value at the end of 2020. Based on the data obtained it is concluded that for a more effective solution to the problem of capital repair and renovation of housing stock an alternative approach or tool is needed.

Single-Use versus Reusable Endoscopes for Percutaneous Biliary Endoscopy with Lithotripsy: Technical Metrics, Clinical Outcomes, and Cost Comparison

PurposeTo compare procedure and fluoroscopy time, technical and clinical success, and costs between single-use and reusable endoscopes in patients undergoing percutaneous biliary endoscopy (PBE) with lithotripsy. Material and MethodsThirty-four patients (67 procedures) were retrospectively included in the study. The patients were treated with PBE for gallstone removal from October 24, 2014, to February 12, 2020, using reusable (28 procedures) or single-use (39 procedures) endoscopes. The procedure time, fluoroscopy time, technical success rate (accessing the biliary system and locating the gallstone), clinical success rate (at least partial gallstone removal), complication rate, and cost of use were compared between the procedures. ResultsThe mean (± standard deviation) procedure time was not significantly different between single-use (136 minutes ± 45) and reusable endoscopes (136 minutes ± 51) (P = .47). The mean fluoroscopy time was significantly shorter for single-use endoscopes (11 minutes ± 8.4) than for reusable endoscopes (18 minutes ± 12) (P = .01). When comparing single-use versus reusable endoscopes, the technical success (95% [n = 37] vs 93% [n = 26]) and the clinical success (90% [n = 35] vs 75% [n = 21]) rates were not significantly different (both, P > .05). Only 1 complication was noted in the reusable endoscope group (P = .42). The cost per case was lower for single-use ($1,500) than for reusable ($3,987) endoscope procedures, primarily due to differences in capital costs and repair costs. ConclusionsSingle-use endoscopes offer the potential for lower patient radiation exposure and lower cost per case, which may reduce the financial barriers to offering PBE in interventional radiology practices. The clinical and technical success rates did not differ by endoscope type.