Capital Market Research Articles

Effect of ESG rating disagreement on stock price informativeness: Empirical evidence from China's capital market

We assess the level of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) rating disagreement among Chinese listed companies using ESG data from eight ESG rating providers and examine the impact of ESG rating disagreement on stock price informativeness. Our results indicate a significant and positive correlation between ESG rating disagreement and stock price synchronicity. This suggests that different ESG ratings impede the integration of company-specific details into stock prices, thereby reducing the stock price's informativeness. The opacity of corporate information and agency costs can both be used to interpret this result. We also explore the transmission channels through which ESG rating disagreement affects stock price informativeness. Our findings reveal that such disagreement lowers the quality of analysts' predictions and impedes investors' access to information, affecting the informativeness of stock prices. Furthermore, we observe that ESG rating disagreement has a greater impact on stock price synchronicity for companies with high ESG ratings and those operating in highly competitive industries. Increased media coverage would mitigate the effect of ESG rating disagreement on stock price synchronicity. Overall, our findings contribute to the literature on ESG rating disagreement and demonstrate the critical role of ESG rating disagreement in the informativeness of stock prices.

Struktur Modal, Rasio Aktivitas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Harga Saham Sektor Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di Jakarta Islamic Index

Purpose: This study aims to determine the influence of capital structure, activity ratio, and firm size on the stock prices of the mining sector listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII). Methodology: The population of this study comprises mining sector companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index in 2019-2023. A purposive sampling technique was used. Results: The results of this study show that capital structure has no effect on stock prices, activity ratio has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, and company size has a negative and significant effect on stock prices. Limitations: This study used limited data for the 2019-2023 period, the results may not apply for different periods. The research sample is focused on mining sector companies; therefore, the results cannot be generalized to all companies or industries. This study does not consider macroeconomic or other factors. Contribution: This research is expected to provide a clear view of how mining sector companies can optimize stock prices in the capital market.

Does Capital Market Liberalization Increase Corporate Labor Income Share? Evidence from China

Labor income share is crucial for maintaining social stability and promoting sustainable economic development, capturing the attention of both academics and policymakers. Existing studies focus on the impact of industry transformation and corporate operation on labor income share. Based on the Shanghai–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Stock Connect policy, this study identifies the causal effect of capital market liberalization on corporate labor income share in China. The results show that capital market liberalization enhances labor income share by optimizing human capital, improving corporate governance, and promoting market competition. The results provide essential implications for advancing income distribution and optimizing the structure of China’s capital market.

Analisis pengaruh faktor fundamental terhadap harga saham perbankan

This research examines the influence of fundamental factors (ROE, NPM, and EPS) on stock prices. This research is a type of associative quantitative research category through purposive sampling in obtaining a sample of 39 companies. All banks listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2019-2022 period are the target population of the research. This study collected archival data from official IDX website. The data is analysed using multiple linear regression with the help of the SPSS 26.0 Data Processing Software Application. The results showed that ROE and NPM have no significant effect on stock prices partially. Meanwhile, EPS has a significant effect on banking stock prices. A higher increase in EPS will have a significant impact on the raising of firm value in the capital market. For investors, EPS can be a major consideration in determining investment decisions. For banking companies, it is important to pay attention and improve the company's performance, especially related to EPS which has a significant influence on the increase in stock prices.

Board diversity and stock price crash risk: exacerbate or mitigate

As China is the largest emerging capital market, stock price crash risk (SPCR) due to corporate governance failures is a frequent phenomenon. The board of directors stands as the cornerstone of corporate governance, wielding a substantial influence on the SPCR. The influence of board diversity (BD) on SPCR remains a topic rife with unanswered questions. To fill this gap, we construct a multidimensional index system to capture BD and examine its impact on the SPCR based on companies listed on the Chinese A-share market from 2010 to 2020. Our findings show that BD mitigates SPCR rather than exacerbates it. The foundational findings remain intact even after addressing issues of endogeneity and executing thorough validity tests. We further identify four mechanisms to lower SPCR through influencing board monitoring, including reducing agency costs, alleviating inefficient investments, improving information disclosure, and appointing diverse executives. Overall, our research underscores the pivotal importance of BD within the capital market and provides new insights into the mitigation mechanisms of the SPCR.

How does finance and accounting supervision affect stock price crash risk?

As an essential component of China's national supervision system, finance and accounting supervision plays an important role in regulating financial order, promoting economic development, and maintaining social stability. This study selects the special action of finance and accounting supervision as a quasi-natural experiment and conducts a difference-in-differences estimation to alleviates the problem of endogeneity. Using a sample of A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2013, this study examines the effect of finance and accounting supervision on stock price crash risk in the context of China. Our results indicate that firms subject to finance and accounting supervision are less likely to suffer a stock price crash. We explore the underlying mechanism and find that finance and accounting supervision mitigates firms' information asymmetry, thereby reducing future stock price crash risk. We also find that the negative effect of finance and accounting supervision on stock price crash risk is more pronounced for highly financialized firms, firms with larger management shareholding, and firms with poorer stockholder checks and balances. This study has significance for enriching research on the factors influencing stock price crash risk and assessing the effectiveness of finance and accounting supervision in the capital market.

Is Dhaka Stock Exchange An Efficient Capital Market? - Evidence Of Weak-Form Efficient Market Hypothesis

This paper uses Random walk hypothesis to test the efficiency of Dhaka Stock Exchange Ltd (DSE), an emerging capital market of Bangladesh. In this paper, with Runs test, Dickey-Fuller Unit root test have been processed and analyzed to observed the behavior of daily return of Dhaka Stock Exchange indices during the study period. The sample includes the daily price indices of all securities listed on the DSE general, DSI (All Share), DSE-30, and Daily indices listed with DSE. As a proxy of movement of individual stock prices, daily closing prices of 30 companies operating in the Banking sector has been analyzed. The results provide evidence that DSE does not follow the random walk model and so DSE is not efficient even in weak form. To improve this capital market, the timely disclosure and dissemination of information to the shareholders and investors on the performance of the listed companies should be given emphasized.

A Novel Multi-criteria Decision Making Approach Based on Bipolar Neutrosophic Set for Evaluating Financial Markets in Egypt

In the evolving landscape of financial markets, assessing company performance with precision and reliability is crucial for investors and analysts. This paper introduces an innovative framework for evaluating the financial performance of companies listed on the Egyptian Exchange (EGX) by integrating Bipolar Neutrosophic Sets (BNS) with Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods. The proposed framework utilizes BNS to incorporate the inherent uncertainty and imprecision of financial data, and integrates MCDM methods to provide a comprehensive assessment of multiple performance indicators. Specifically, the evaluation focuses on seven critical criteria: Stock Returns, Volatility, Liquidity, Market Capitalization, Earnings Growth, Revenue Growth, and Analyst Ratings. By utilizing Bipolar Neutrosophic Weighted Average (BNWA) operators and similarity measures, the study effectively ranks companies through a nuanced analysis of these criteria. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed approach in providing a robust and accurate financial performance evaluation framework tailored to the unique dynamics of the Egyptian market. The study demonstrates that the hybrid model not only accommodates variations in criteria weights but also offers valuable insights for investment decisions in emerging markets. The approach exhibits resilience and adaptability, providing a more informed and reliable basis for evaluating financial performance. This research contributes to the advancement of financial performance assessment methodologies by showcasing the potential of combining BNS with MCDM techniques. The research also emphasizes the framework's practical applications and suggests future research directions for refining the model and exploring its use in diverse financial contexts.

Fixing the Proprietary Cost Assumption in Discretionary Disclosure Models

ABSTRACT I present a critique of the common assumption of fixed proprietary costs in discretionary disclosure models, which are frequently used to motivate and interpret empirical analyses of voluntary disclosures in capital market settings (e.g., management guidance, segment performance, and major customers). In a fairly general model, proprietary costs that are fixed (i.e., independent of the disclosed information) are contradictory to their proprietary nature. To sustain informational independence requires either that the party (e.g., competitor) imposing proprietary costs on the disclosing firm is indifferent to the information or that the disclosing firm is indifferent to what the competitor/counterparty will do with the information. Either of these is inconsistent with a plain interpretation of proprietary disclosure costs, which arise precisely because of responses to disclosed information. I suggest that researchers should explicitly consider how the disclosed information will be used rather than derive predictions or interpret results based on information-insensitive proprietary costs. JEL Classifications: D21; G32; M41.

The Tone of Earnings Communication Conferences and Trade Credit Financing of Listed Companies

Earnings communication conferences are a key channel for information disclosure in China, providing incremental information to the capital market. Using data from Chinese A-share listed firms from 2007 to 2021, this research reveals that management's tone at earnings communication conferences significantly promotes trade credit financing. Mechanism tests suggest that management's tone facilitates trade credit financing by enhancing information transparency. Further analyses demonstrate that the effect of the management's tone on promoting trade credit financing is more pronounced in firms facing higher market competition and receiving lower analyst attention.

Moderating effects of technological innovation and information environment on market response to information disclosure reforms

Constructing an institutional environment centered around information disclosure (ID) is the direction of development for capital market reforms. This paper innovatively explores the stock market response (MR) to companies' enhanced ID due to institutional changes. Using data from Chinese companies listed on the Sci-Tech Innovation Board (STIB) from 2019 to 2023, the study employs Information Asymmetry Theory and Stakeholder Theory to analyze the relationship between ID levels and MR. The empirical analysis reveals a "U-shaped" relationship between ID level and MR. Furthermore, by introducing variables related to the information environment (IE) and technological innovation (TI), the study finds that their signaling effects vary among different audiences. High transparency in the IE and strong TI capabilities significantly mitigate the negative MR effects caused by revealing deficiencies during the enhancement of ID. This paper provides theoretical support and empirical evidence for capital market reform, improved financial regulation, enhanced credit quality of listed companies, and investor protection.

Stock price spillovers from foreign institutional investor divestment: Evidence from BlackRock's closure of the China Flexible Equity Fund

This study investigates the impact of BlackRock's September 7, 2023, announcement to close the China Flexible Equity fund on Chinese A-share listed firms held by foreign institutional investors (FIIs). Using event study methodology, we find that the cumulative abnormal return (CAR) of these firms significantly decreases around the announcement date. The decline is attributed to investor concerns about the absence of original governance structures and pessimistic sentiments driven by representativeness bias. The effect is more pronounced in firms with overseas business, weaker investor protection, and overvalued stocks. Our findings provide insights into the influence of FIIs on capital market stability amid global financial movements.

Debt maturity and the marginal value of cash holdings

This study investigates the impact of debt maturity on the marginal value of cash holdings. It posits that short-term debt acts as a crucial governance mechanism by reducing agency conflicts and aligning managerial actions with shareholder interests. Using a sample of U.S. public firms, the results indicate that firms with higher proportions of short-term debt have a greater marginal value of cash, reflecting more efficient resource allocation and reduced managerial opportunism. The necessity for frequent capital market interactions associated with short-term debt mitigates agency conflicts. Additionally, the study explores three potential mechanisms: financial constraints, managerial moral hazard, and information asymmetry.

Bedeutung und Entwicklung der Produktivität

Abstract Labour productivity is an important determinant of competitiveness. for competitiveness. It is significantly influenced by the total factor productivity. In Austria, as in most other industrialized countries, growth in labour productivity and total factor productivity has considerably in recent decades. The starting points for reviving productivity growth are the promotion of investment and research and development as well as strengthening competition and the risk capital market.

Stock market responses to economic sanctions: Evaluating the roles of national reserves and financial market access

Economic sanctions significantly influence stock market capitalization and have critical implications for the national economy. This study investigates the impact of economic sanctions on stock market capitalization, focusing on the roles of national reserves and financial market access in mitigating these effects, utilizing a sample of 87 countries from 2000 to 2021 and employing a two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) approach to analyze panel data. The findings reveal that economic sanctions, including trade and financial sanctions, significantly reduce stock market capitalization. However, this negative impact diminishes over time as markets adapt. Moreover, higher national reserves and enhanced financial market accessibility can mitigate the adverse effects of sanctions. Case studies in Russia, Iran, China, and Ukraine further validate these results. This study refines economic models, such as the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and country risk model (CRM), by including sanction intensity, national reserves, and financial market accessibility, offering valuable insights for policymakers and investors dealing with international sanctions.

Comparative Analysis of Economic Forces and Stock Market Movements: The U.S. and Indonesia

The economies of many developed and developing countries are experiencing instability, characterized by a decline in economic performance. In a macroeconomic context, global instability affects several key indicators such as production indices, exchange rates, interest rates, and inflation rates. The occurrence of shocks to macroeconomic indicators certainly increases the volatility of a country's capital markets. This quantitative research examines the correlation of shocks to each key indicator of capital market performance in Indonesia and the United States. This research uses the VECM method. The research shows that the influence of macroeconomic indicators tends to fluctuate in the short term and is stable in the long term. Where the production and inflation indices have a positive and significant effect on the IDX Composite and the DJI, this is different from interest rates, which negatively impact the IDX Composite and DJI. Meanwhile, the exchange rate indicator has no significant effect on IDX Composite or DJI. The research also found that the IDX Composite was predominantly influenced by exchange rates and inflation, while the DJI was predominantly influenced by production index indicators, inflation, and interest rates.

PENGARUH EPS ROA DAN ROE TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2017 – 2021

The capital market is like a place where people can buy and sell something called securities, namely bonds and stocks. Understanding how much a stock is worth is very important for investors who want to invest their money. The value of a stock is determined by how many people want to buy it and how many people want to sell it. The stock price shows how much the value of a company is, and if the company's performance is good, many people want to buy its shares. The purpose of the study is to see how certain things affect the share price of mining companies in Indonesia. This study looks at factors such as EPS, ROA and ROE of companies from 2017 to 2021. By studying 42 mining companies and collecting information from 39 of these companies whose data is taken from the IDX (Indonesian Stock Exchange). Uses several statistical techniques to analyze the data. The results of the study show that EPS and ROA all have a significant and positive effect on stock prices. However, ROE has a significant and negative impact on stock prices.

Relationship between return on invested capital and market value of oil and gas companies

Subject. The article addresses approaches and methods to calculate the rate of return (profitability) on invested capital of oil and gas companies based on financial statements, taking into account the stock market conditions. Objectives. The study aims at reconciliation (elimination of gaps) of market value indicators and financial indicators of oil and gas companies, using the economic value added model. Methods. We apply methods of forecasting, financial and factor analysis, and statistical methods on the basis of financial statements figures of the studied companies. Results. We analyzed the dynamics of profitability indicators and cost of invested capital for oil and gas companies in comparison with their market capitalization for 2015–2022, identified key factors influencing changes in ROIC, offered an adjusted approach to calculating the indicator, including the initial cost of invested capital. We tested the methodology and provided explanation of its practical significance, using the case of historical financial data and market capitalization of ExxonMobil. Conclusions. The study enabled to confirm the hypothesis that it is necessary to calculate the cost of fixed assets by the amount of total actual investments, net of accumulated revaluations to calculate the return on invested capital. In the numerator of the formula for this indicator, it is advisable to use profit before interest expenses, depreciation, income tax, and exploration, less investments to maintain current assets, and in the denominator – invested capital net of cash, current and non-current non-debt liabilities.

Impact of Leverage, Market Share, and Dividend Policy on Firm Value in the Technology Sector

This study investigates the effects of financial leverage, market share, and dividend policy on firm value within the global technology sector. Using data from 120 publicly listed technology companies over the period from 2010 to 2022, a multiple regression analysis is employed to examine how these independent variables influence firm value, as measured by market capitalization. The findings show that financial leverage negatively impacts firm value, as higher debt levels increase financial risk and reduce investor confidence. Market share demonstrates a strong positive effect, with companies holding larger market shares benefiting from economies of scale and competitive advantages, leading to higher valuations. Moreover, dividend policy is found to play a significant role in influencing firm value. Firms with stable and attractive dividend payouts are generally viewed more favorably by investors, which boosts market capitalization. The results suggest that while expanding market share contributes positively to firm value, excessive debt can undermine this advantage. Additionally, maintaining a consistent and attractive dividend policy can further enhance firm value by signaling financial health and stability to investors. This study provides critical insights for technology sector managers and investors, emphasizing the importance of balancing financial strategies, market positioning, and dividend distribution to maximize firm value.

Testing of Semi Strong form of Market Efficiency of Indian Capital Market with Reference to Annual Dividend Announcement

The investment decision is influenced by many factors, of which one such factor is the return. The shareholders may get the return in the form of dividends which affects the share prices. The behavior of stock prices is unpredictable as price movement for different activities will move in different ways. The stock price influence activities can be divided into economic and corporate activities. The impact of economic activities will be more or less the same on all the stock prices, while the impact of corporate action varies from one stock to the other. Dividend payment is one of the essential corporate actions that will impact the behavior of stock prices. This research highlights the impact of dividend payment one the behavior of stock prices and their abnormal returns.