Kyiv Research Articles

UNDERSTANDING THE NEW WAR IN THE MODERN AGE: AN ASSESSMENT ON THE RUSSIA – UKRAINE WAR

The phenomenon of war or conflict has existed since the existence of mankind. War can have various reasons such as religious, political and economic. However, with the effect of globalization after the Cold War, even if the conflicts continued throughout the world, the wars between the great states decreased to a large extent. In this context, Russia's intervention in Ukraine is a rather surprising development. Ukraine has always been an important state for Russia due to its historical and cultural ties, especially the establishment of the first Russian state near Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. Even after the collapse of the USSR, Russia continued to make hidden interventions in Ukraine, which it saw as its backyard. However, starting a conventional war between the two states seemed to be a rather risky and unexpected option. But as it is seen, Russia took this risk and started a military intervention in Ukraine. The course of the intervention, the damages suffered by Russia, show that a conventional war is not very effective for the states in today's conditions. The aim of the study is to examine the beginning of Russia's intervention and the first two months of the process. The other aim of the study is to explain not only this crisis, but also the phenomenon of war and the changing elements of war today.

The Role of Social Investment in Human Capital Development

The role of social investments in the development of human capital in Ukraine has been studied. The social and economic reality of the category of human capital, its main warehouses, the significance of human capital for the economy, as well as the problems of its development in Ukraine are examined. The main problems of state-owned investment policy in direct investment of human capital are highlighted. Ways have been identified that can become a victorious power for the implementation of state policy to promote social investment in human capital. The role of social investments in the formation of human capital is analyzed. The main elements of human capital have been seen. The names of the benefits of investing in human capital for the practitioner, the pioneer of that power. The dotality of social investment in human capital and its significance for the development of welfare has been outlined.

“Bykivnia is Extremely Important in the Search for Our Identity”: A Martyrological Landscape of Remembrance and the Problems with the Victimhood Narrative

Abstract In 1989, after few decades of Soviet disinformation, a fourth investigation by the state commission finally recognized Bykivnia, located on the outskirt of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine, as being a burial place for victims of the Soviet regime. Later in 1994, the Historical and Cultural Reserve “Bykivnians’ky Graves” was launched at the site, marking the initial point of the state remembrance of victims of Soviet political repressions and consequently indicating the importance of the victimhood narrative when portraying the Soviet past. This article examines the historical recognition of Bykivnia and the development of a martyrological landscape on the site in context with the establishment of state legislative actions and commemorative policies regarding victims of Soviet political repressions. The case study of Bykivnia should provide a basic understanding of domestic and international contradictions when creating a victimhood narrative and will question approaches taken for adapting this narrative in building a national identity.

Розробка плану евакуації міста Києва восени 1915 р.

The aim of the work, learning on the basis of the available archive documents is to analyze the key aspects of Kyiv city evacuation plan, developed in autumn 1915, to deter- mine the problems and prospects of its implementation. The research methodology is based on the principle of historicism, systematics and comprehensiveness, problem-chronological and diachronic methods. The scientifi c novelty of the publication lies in the fi rst systematic analy- ses of Kyiv city evacuation plan based of archival documents of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv. Conclusions. Aft er the successful off ensive of the German and Austro-Hungarian troops in spring of 1915, the Russian authorities had to resort to evacuation measures. Th e threat of occupation loomed over Kyiv, which was a large behind enemy lines city at the beginning of the First World War. In autumn 1915, the authorities developed the detailed plan for the population and property evacuation which included a set of measures to mobilize existing and attract additional resources. The evacuation measures were complicated by a large number of wounded in local hospitals, thousands of refugees and front-line regions internally displaced persons who settled in the city and its surroundings, increasing traffi c disorder on the railways. Th e developed measures included fi nding out the number of people and property to be mobilized, calculating the transport resources, determining the main evacuation routes and further placement of the population, state institutions, equipment of strategically important en- terprises and educational institutions in a new place.

ПРОБЛЕМА БІДНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ЗБРОЙНОГО КОНФЛІКТУ: ПРИКЛАД УКРАЇНИ

The article examines the problem of poverty in Ukraine under the conditions of the Russian invasion. By the invasion of Russia, the author understands the large-scale war that has covered the entire territory of Ukraine since February 2022, since hostilities on the territory of Ukraine have been ongoing since 2014. The problem of poverty is especially relevant today, because in the conditions of armed conflicts, impoverishment affects the absolute majority of people. In the case of Ukraine, even people who, according to their social and economic characteristics, were confidently in the middle class, became poor. The article emphasizes that at the time of the beginning of the invasion, the Ukrainian economy did not have the necessary «strength margin». The standard of living in Ukraine throughout the period of independence has remained relatively low, which is proven by statistical data. So, Ukrainians had rather small amounts of savings, which adversely affected their lives after the beginning of the Russian invasion. A number of consequences of the armed conflict were identified, which directly or indirectly affected the level of poverty. Thus, the destruction of housing, by definition, determines the transition of a person to the category of citizens who are in a state of poverty. Given the number of people whose homes have been destroyed or significantly damaged, quick recovery is impossible given Ukrainian realities. The destruction of industrial facilities, road infrastructure, shopping areas, etc. is significant. Accordingly, citizens were left without work and the means of livelihood. A significant reduction in the territory controlled by Ukraine led to the loss of a significant part of the coastline and the complete loss of access to the Sea of Azov. It is emphasized that Russia gained control over a significant part of Ukraine’s natural resources. Special attention is paid in this article to Russia’s appropriation and smuggling of grain from Ukraine. Loss of life, health of citizens, mass evacuation and mobilization negatively affected the economic situation, which is discussed in detail in the work. The claim is made that evacuated citizens pay taxes, buy goods and services in host countries, supporting the economies of other countries. It has been proven that a decline in the level of education can have a long-term impact on economic development and the level of poverty. Peculiarities of the impact of the Russian invasion on the development of human capital in Ukraine have been studied. The thesis is expressed that the state and business bear an obligation to observe social responsibility. Special attention is paid to the impact of the war on the energy infrastructure. It has been demonstrated that Russia’s targeted attacks on the Ukrainian electricity industry are significantly harming the country’s economy. The list of consequences of Russia’s armed aggression against Ukraine given in the article is not complete. Moreover, a complete list with an exhaustive classification cannot be created by definition, because a significant number of facts have not yet become known. In addition, some effects will manifest only after a certain time. But it is already possible to state the need to involve the entire civilized world in order to restore the economy of Ukraine. The article uses the achievements of economic, political, sociological, psychological and other sciences, taking into account the interdisciplinary synthesis and pluralism of approaches. Modern trends in the interpretation of the consequences of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine are analyzed.

HUMAN CAPITAL AS A FACTOR OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

The article considers the essential content of the "human capital" category. The role of human capital in the formation of the global knowledge economy of Ukraine is determined, the state of human capital in Ukraine is analyzed according to the human capital index, recommendations are given regarding the improvement of the level of formation and use of human capital and its components as a factor in the innovative development of the national economy.

Preserving Human Capital in Ukraine in times of War

"The key resource and driving force of the economy at this stage of society’s development is a person and his or her labor force, which is defined by modern economists as human capital. Given the current war, there is a significant risk of losing and deteriorating the expertise of specialists who have been trained in Ukraine. The article aims to identify the prerequisites, factors, and peculiarities of the situation concerning the preservation of human capital in Ukraine in the context of Russia’s military aggression. In the course of the research, analytical and bibliographic method was employed to study the scientific literature on the formation, change, and preservation of human capital in the country. Induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis of information, system-structural, comparative, logical, and linguistic methods, abstraction, and idealization were applied to study and process data. Moreover, the authors conducted an online survey using a questionnaire to identify the most important issues related to changes in the quality and quantity of human capital in the state during the war. Following the results of the study, the main theoretical aspects of the problem of the formation and preservation of human capital were identified. Moreover, the opinion of demographic scientists and specialists of state and local authorities working with migrants and internally displaced persons on key aspects of this issue was studied."

Pavlinsky Geliy Veniaminovich (1935–2023)

Pavlinsky Geliy Veniaminovich (1935–2023)

Surveillance of the Polish Diplomat Jan Karszo-Siedlewski by Soviet Counterintelligence, 1932–1937

Abstract The history of communist crimes in the USSR has been well elucidated. Nonetheless, a still under-investigated group of archival materials are files of the Soviet counterintelligence. One of its tasks was the surveillance of the foreign diplomats and consular representatives operating on the territory of the USRR. Even after the fall of the USSR and the opening of the archives, access to the materials of the communist special services was and is very difficult. The situation changed not very long ago. Open access to materials of the former GPU/NKVD/KGB was possible in Ukraine. In the Branch State Archive of the Security Service of Ukraine in Kyiv is a file continuing materials from the surveillance by the Soviet counterintelligence of the Polish diplomat Jan Karszo-Siedlewski, who was among others the head of the Polish consulates general in Kharkiv and Kyiv in 1932–1937. In this way, material that had been entirely inaccessible for researchers will be discussed in the present article.

THE CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE NATIONAL NATURAL PARKS OF EASTERN POLISSYA

The article analyzes the main recreational resources (objects of the natural and historical and cultural environment) of the national natural parks in Eastern Poliss: Desnyansko-Starogutsky, Mezinsky, Dniprovsky-Desnyansky and Zalіss. Near the boundaries of the parks there are wide typical and unique landscapes of the Chernigiv Polis and Novgorod-Siverskiy Polis. Among the historical and cultural recreational resources, important architectural objects deserve respect: the Paleolithic site of the first people (Mezinsky NPP), the remnants of the settlement of Milogradivska culture dated VII-I Art. BC (NPP "Zalіssya"); architectural objects: churches of the ХІІІ- ХІХ centuries and others.
 On the territory of the National Park, ecological paths, routes (automobile, bicycle, hiking) are designated, which give the opportunity to get to know the nature. It has been established that the most important types of tourism in NNP EasternPolissya are recreational and educational (for the method), cycling, automobile, pedestrian, water (for the transfer method). To assess the possibilities of organizing a weekend day, an assessment of 100-kilometer accessibility behind the main highways to the territory of NPP Eastern Polissya for the additional Google Earth Pro service was made. It has been established that the 100-kilometer accessibility zone of NPP "Zalissya" and RLP "Mіzhrichinsky" (designed by NPP "Dniprovsko-Desnyansk Mіzhrichchya") consume millions of places - the capital of Ukraine - Kiev. This promotes the recreational privatility of these NPPs. Further direct can be the development of recreational and health tourism, weekend tours, expansion of the transfer of services, which can be applied by national natural parks.

The memoir image of Kharkiv in the 1920s and 1930s in Ukrainian memoir literature of the twentieth century

The article is devoted to the study of the memoir image of Kharkiv in the twenties and thirties of the last century in Ukrainian memoir literature. Kharkiv is a large city in the north-east of Ukraine, which in 1923 became the capital of Ukraine, absorbing the best of what was then in Ukraine, and a major industrial, economic, scientific, cultural, and educational centre. The city is actively developing. New architectural landmarks in the style of constructivism are appearing. The city, on the one hand, had a powerful state apparatus that controlled all spheres of the country's life, and on the other hand, it had an active development of free intellectual and cultural life. The city of that time quickly received its own memoir biography, and its appearance and specifics of inner life became the subject of numerous memoir reflections. In particular, the memoirs, autobiographies, autobiographical novels, and novels of Dmytro Bahalii, Ostap Vyshnia, Mykhailo Hrushevskii, Dokiia Humenna, Volodymyr Gzhytskii, Mike Johansen, Volodymyr Kulish, Vasyl Mynko, Valerian Polishchuk, Yurii Smolych, Vasyl Sokil, Volodymyr Sosiura, and Yurii Shevelev are the subject of this study. Some of the autobiographers (such as Mike Johansen and Yurii Shevelev) were native Kharkiv residents, while others (such as Volodymyr Gzhytskyi, Dokiia Humenna, Vasyl Mynko, Yurii Smolych, Vasyl Sokil, and Volodymyr Sosiura) came to Kharkiv when it became the capital of Ukraine, so the memoir portrait of the city is written both in its evolution and from the standpoint of first perception and understanding/misunderstanding. The memoir literary maps the city, paying much attention to its literary and artistic loci, often mentioned are the quarter with the conventional name Literary Fair, the Blakytnyi House, the Peasant House, the Berezil Theatre, and the Slovo House. Since 1931, the city's life has changed dramatically, with mass arrests and high-profile court cases, such as the SVU trial in the Kharkiv Opera House. In 1934, the capital of Ukraine was moved to Kyiv, and Kharkiv continues to develop as a powerful industrial, scientific, and intellectual centre.

Формування боргового капіталу підприємствами в Україні

The article is aimed at studying the bank lending and bond issuance as a means of attracting debt capital in Ukraine. The mechanisms of attracting capital through banks and the debt capital market are considered; the main advantages and disadvantages of their use are outlined; the key criteria for choosing a source of financing and forming debt capital are determined. The volumes of attraction of bank loans by economic enterprises and volumes of issuance of corporate bonds by enterprises for the last five years are estimated. The purpose of the article is to study the use of bank loans and bond issuance by enterprises in the current realities with the definition of their disadvantages and advantages. On the basis of the research, it was found that the economic and social situation in the country affected the attraction of debt capital by enterprises. It is determined that the volume of attracting bank loans remained at the level of previous years, while the bond issuance decreased to critically low values. An analysis of statistical data from the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine and the National Bank of Ukraine revealed an increase in the share of non-performing loans in 2022, which is one of many negative trends in the debt capital market in Ukraine and a consequence of the ongoing large-scale invasion by the russian federation, which has begun on February 24, 2022. The results of the carried out study may be useful for: clarifying the role of bank lending and bond issuance as sources of attracting long-term debt capital; characterizing the situation in the domestic financial market; identification of ways to increase the efficiency of the process of attracting debt capital by domestic enterprises. The article specifies that enterprises will now prefer bank lending to meet their borrowing needs, as this source is more affordable and guarantees the receipt of capital in the required volumes, while the issuance of corporate bonds remains a promising alternative.

ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ДИПЛОМАТИЧНОЇ МІСІЇ УНР У ЛАТВІЇ У 1920–1921 РОКІВ

Background. Ukraine and Latvia are not close neighbours and do not share a border, but despite their geographical distance, the two countries have much in common. We have strong and mutually beneficial political, military, economic and cultural ties. Today's friendly relations between our countries have a deep historical foundation, laid more than a hundred years ago, when, after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Ukraine and Latvia embarked on the path of independent development. The activities of the Diplomatic Mission of the Ukrainian People's Republic, which operated in Riga in 1920-1921, were of great importance for the establishment of Ukrainian-Latvian relations. Unfortunately, historiography lacks special works on this issue, so this article relies on a wide source base - previously unknown documents of the Diplomatic Mission and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the UPR, which are now stored in the Central State Archive of the Supreme Authorities of Ukraine in Kyiv. They reveal the peculiarities of the activities of the UPR Diplomatic Mission in Latvia in 1920-1921. The choice of sources determined the thematic focus of the article, which reflects the Ukrainian view of the work of the diplomatic mission in Riga. Methods. The methodological basis of the study is based on the basic ideas of the epistemology of the historical process and the principle of historicism, which together allowed it to investigate the process of formation and activity of the Ukrainian diplomatic mission in Latvia in the relevant historical context of the 20s of the twentieth century. Results. During the short period of its activity, the Diplomatic Mission of the Ukrainian People's Republic managed to achieve impressive success in extremely difficult conditions. Its main achievements were the diplomatic recognition of Ukraine's independence by Latvia and the full participation of the Ukrainian delegation in the Fourth Conference of the Baltic States, held in the suburbs of Riga in August-September 1920. Conclusions. However, the defeat of the Ukrainian troops at the front in late November 1920 crossed out the positive expectations and actually put an end to the great geopolitical project.

ПРИНЦИПИ ГЕОПРОСТОРОВОЇ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ ТУРИСТИЧНОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА МІСТА КИЄВА

Purpose. Consider the principles as methodological aspects of the geospatial organization of the tourist environment of the city of Kiev, which includes the specifics of tourism activities in the capital city, factors of formation and methodological features of the formation of the tourist environment. Methodology. Analytical, historical, graphical and systematic methods of scientific research are used. Approbation. The main conceptual issues of the geospatial organization of the tourist environment in the capital city were studied by domestic scientists (M. Boyko, Yu. Zabaldina, A. Mazaraki, S. Melnichenko, I. Smirnov, T. Tkachenko and others) and found their place in the previous works of the author of this article . Scientific novelty. The relationship between tourism service providers and their consumers is dictated by the presence of modern approaches and methods of forming the tourism environment. Today, theoretical, methodological and practical studies of the process of tourism development in the capital city are debatable, given the fact that theoretical structures have not yet been clearly formed in the scientific literature that would make it possible to formulate the main components of relationships in the tourism environment. In this article, the author proposes to consider the theoretical aspects of the geospatial organization of the tourist environment in the capital city, which has a developed social, economic, political and infrastructural system, which makes it possible to consider it as a model of the geospatial organization of tourism. Practical significance. The article raises debatable issues related to the realities of modern life of people within the framework of innovative approaches to the activities of the tourism sector in Ukraine, with its problems, challenges and practical solutions. The materials of the publication can be used during the educational process in higher educational institutions that train specialists for the Ukrainian tourism industry, the practical activities of tour operators and agencies, in the process of work of departments and professional institutions involved in the tourism system of providing services or the processes of studying issues of introducing innovative technologies in the tourism sector of Ukraine.

Слідча справа історика Олексія Маркевича і репресивні заходи проти розгортання українського національного руху в Одесі на зламі ХІХ–ХХ ст.

The purpose of the article is presentаеd in detail the facts from the life of the Odesa historian and public fi gure of the 19th century Oleksii Markevych, through the coverage of the circumstances of the scientist’s life. In particular, the events related to the criminal prosecution for the attempt to smuggle illegal literature show how such repressive measures hampered the development of the Ukrainian movement in Odesa. This research is based on sources are stored in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv. The research methodology: the synchronous method was used, which made it possible to compare episodes of biographical history with the contexts of the formation and development of the Ukrainian movement; thanks to the comparative method, it was shown how the defeat of the Ukrainian movement in the 1870s negatively aff ected the socio-political processes in Odessa in the 1890s, and the circumstances in which scientists had to work are compared – between the liberalization of public life in the Habsburg Empire, where the free publication of books including literature in the Ukrainian language was allowed, and the strengthening of the repressive actions in the Russian Empire, where such literature was considered prohibited. Scientifi c novelty: the documents stored in the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Kyiv about the prosecution of O. Markevych for attempting to transport literature prohibited by the censorship authorities have signifi cant scientifi c value. In the investigative and pre-trial materials of the case, there is a lot of biographical data, both collected during the proceedings by gendarmerie offi cials, and given personally by the scientist during the testimony. Documents contain important information from diff erent periods of the O. Markevych life and give an opportunity to see the social and political background in which he lived. The analysis of documents stored in the funds of the Gendarmerie Department of Odesa and the Prosecutor of the Odesa Judicial Chamber also shows the cultural life of Odesa and the social life of university circles of that time, through the prism of the historian biography. Correspondence with M. Hrushevsky is an important evidence of connections not only between the scientists themselves, but also between various centres of the Ukrainian movement. Conclusions: the information presented in the article complements our knowledge about the social and scientifi c activities of O. Markevych as a prominent representative of the Odesa community in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The information presented in the article is of great importance for the study of the history of Odessa University and the scientists who worked there. In a broader context, the article shows the state of development of the Ukrainian movement in Odesa at the end of the 19th century, the role and place of this center for formulating the political tasks of the movement, and through the personal connections of Professor O. Markevich – the connection with representatives of the Ukrainian movement in Chernihiv, Kyiv and Galicia.

PRACTICE OF WATER USE IN CITIES

The development of many cities has historically been linked to water. Coastal areas are one of the most attractive areas in cities, villages, and settlements: promenades, beaches, and fishing give people rest, the joy of communicating with nature, and energize them. Every year, the recreational load on coastal areas in urban and suburban areas is increasing, land is being cleared for summer cottages in coastal protection strips, and pollution by municipal and industrial runoff is increasing due to a decrease in the level of water treatment. The consequences of these negative processes are the degradation of coastal areas, pollution of water areas, and the death of river ecosystems. The state of the Dnipro ecosystem, like many rivers and their coastal areas, requires effective solutions to improve the natural state, revitalization, and reduce anthropogenic pressure to a minimum, which will trigger self-recovery mechanisms of the river ecological system. 
 The purpose of this publication is to draw attention to the importance of revitalization of water areas and coastal areas in urbanized cities. The article examines the practice of water use in cities. Special attention is paid to the water objects of Kyiv, the state of the Dnipro River in the capital of Ukraine. Conclusions are made regarding the necessity of revitalization of river ecosystems in an urbanized environment.
 Dnipro has always been an important drinking resource for Kyiv. The coast of the Dnieper River along Podil — the Podil embankment — is a place that performed different functions in different periods of development. This has resulted in a strong contrast in land uses, common practices, users, architecture and a wide range of issues and challenges. Determination and prioritization of these challenges depend on the vision of further development of the territory. Today, the Dnipro Embankment is an active public space in Kyiv.
 The regeneration project of the Podil embankment — the area stretching from Postova Square to the Gavani industrial zone along the Dnipro River — was initiated by a team of "Agents of Change" specialists in the spring of 2019 with the vision of "Available, active and clean embankment.
 The process of revitalization of coastal areas, which have degraded due to the burden of industrial enterprises, warehouses, and landfills, is gaining momentum. Successful embankment revitalization projects have common features:
 
 Return of the river to its natural state, restoration of flora and fauna.
 Filling the embankment with new people-oriented functions.
 
 In order to provide citizens with access to water, variability in walking routes and ways of spending leisure time, it is necessary to combine separate spaces into a continuous barrier-free environment and provide it with comfortable access from the city. The territory of the Dnipro embankment needs further profile studies to successfully overcome the challenges. The most important of them should be the study of the Dnipro ecosystem, because the issue of sustainable water purification is the most complex and complex.

HUMAN CAPITAL RECOVERY IN UKRAINE IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD USING THE ADVANTAGES OF DIGITALIZATION

The article presents the authors’ original classification of the factors that influence the creation and development of human capital. The suggested classification combines the factors of internal and external human capital environment into pairs and identifies global vectors that guide their development. The analysis results are used as the basis for the systematization of gains and losses of Ukraine’s human capital that allows the authors to determine the potential opportunities and threats for its recovery. The systems approach is employed to identify the factors of human capital formation, development and preservation using the results of SWOT-analysis. Consequently, the authors develop a conceptual framework for building a strategy of the post-war recovery of human capital in Ukraine taking into account the advantages of digitalization. The authors identify three major dimensions within which they propose to implement the main strategic directions of human capital recovery in Ukraine during the post-war period and specify the features of each strategic direction in the context of suggested dimensions.

HUMAN CAPITAL RECOVERY IN UKRAINE IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD USING THE ADVANTAGES OF DIGITALIZATION

The article presents the authors’ original classification of the factors that influence the creation and development of human capital. The suggested classification combines the factors of internal and external human capital environment into pairs and identifies global vectors that guide their development. The analysis results are used as the basis for the systematization of gains and losses of Ukraine’s human capital that allows the authors to determine the potential opportunities and threats for its recovery. The systems approach is employed to identify the factors of human capital formation, development and preservation using the results of SWOT-analysis. Consequently, the authors develop a conceptual framework for building a strategy of the post-war recovery of human capital in Ukraine taking into account the advantages of digitalization. The authors identify three major dimensions within which they propose to implement the main strategic directions of human capital recovery in Ukraine during the post-war period and specify the features of each strategic direction in the context of suggested dimensions.

GEOGRAPHY OF SCIENCE AND CULTURE OF UKRAINE (UkrSSR) AS ASSESSED BY PROF. MYRON KORDUBA

Professor Myron Korduba’s (1876 – 1947) creative contribution into geography of science and culture of Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic (UkrSSR) from the day of its formation and until the 1930s is disclosed. Development and allocation of scientific establishments of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, as well as the same of the republican archives, museums and libraries was highlighted through Prof. M. Korduba’s eye. Preconditions and details of accelerated growth of Ukrainian scientific movement at the beginning of post-revolution time in Ukrainian SSR are cleared up, as well as territorial specificities for the same are presented, namely, the availability of scientific Ukrainian associations outside the borders of Russia; a significant number of outstanding Ukrainian scientists in the Tsarist Russia itself; participation of representatives of different- ethnicity authors living on the territory of Ukraine in Ukrainian-language publications Three stages in brief history of Ukrainian Academy of Sciences are outlined and characterized as follows: 1918-1923 – the stage of formation; 1923-the last quarter of 1930 – full-scale development; and, the end of 1930 – the period of persecution and repressions of the members of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences; consolidation of “communist” science on the basis of Marxist-Leninist methodology. 
 The activity of three departments within the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences is highlighted, namely, I. Historic-Philosophic; II. Physic-Mathematic; and, III. Social-Economic. Each of these had its own sections and boards to prepare a series or even several series of publications. Among the most distinctive collections of expressly geographical content, Myron Korduba outlined the “Historic-Geographic Series (1927; 4 volumes edited by the Board for Compilation of Geographical Dictionary of Ukraine); “Materials of the Seminar for the Study of National Economy of Ukraine” (from 1926), “Writings of Demographic Institute” (from 1924), “Transactions of Social-Economic Department of Ukrainian Academy of Sciences” (from 1923, 6 volumes), “Collection of Works by Social-Economic Department of Ukrainian Academy of Sciences” (from 1925, 35 issues).
 An essential portion of attention was given by Prof. Myron Korduba to institutes, associations and establishments affiliated and closely connected with the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. Among these, there was National Library of Ukraine in Kyiv, Institute for Ukrainian Scientific Language, Kyiv and Odesa Boards for Regional Studies.
 The scientist had assessed the activity of 52 self-employed scientific departments, institutes and associations close to Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. The most important of them, to Prof. Myron Korsuba’s opinion, was the group of institutes for public education that published their “Writings”, i.e., Volyns’kyy in Zhytomyr, those in Dnipropetrovs’k, Kamyanets’-Podil’skyy, Kyiv, Luhansk, Nizhyn, Odesa, Poltava, Kharkiv, and Kherson.
 Of great importance and interest is the scientist’s information on archiving in Ukrainian SSR as of the beginning of the 1930s. Prof. Korduba distinguished between three classes of archives in the republic, namely, 1. Central; 2. Land (oblast); and 3. District (rayon) archives, and presented the map of territorial disposition of the same in the Soviet republic.
 Specificities of territorial organization of 95 republican museums are disclosed, where 19 were national-level museums, 54 – regional and district, 6 were associated with the Academy of Sciences and the Commissariat for Public Education, and 15 – with the other establishments.
 Myron Korduba brought special thoroughness to assessment of heritage available in 28 libraries of Ukrainian SSR. In particular, the scientist scrupulously characterized territorial differences in librarian funds and the number of visitors, while his analysis of bibliographic editions and of bibliographical science of is a unique study of the achievements of the Ukrainian Soviet republic.
 Prof. Myron Korduba’s assessment of the development of science and culture in the Ukrainian SSR is presented with a breakdown into every rayon of the republic and bears an expressly geographic aspect. 
 Key words: Professor Myron Korduba, geography of science and culture of UkrSSR, “Minerva-Zeitschrift”.

Place of injuries of elbow joint in the structure of primary permanent disability among Ukrainian population

Despite the rapid development of orthopedics consequences of elbow injuries have a significant proportion of unsatisfactory treatment results until now. Owing to comprehend the sources of disability doctors could determine drawbacks of treatment and regulate rehabilitation program for patients with elbow injuries better. The purpose of the study was to investigate the structure of primary permanent disability due to elbow injuries among the Ukrainian population. The study was made on annual reports of Regional centers of medical and social expertise and the Center of medical and social expertise of the city of Kiev for 2018. During the reporting period a disability group due to upper extremity injuries was established totally for 1 211 patients in age over 18 years, among them 195 people had consequences of elbow traumas. That caused an intensive prevalence rate of 6.22 cases per 1 million of adults. Male patients (70.8%) and patients in working age (94.9%) prevailed among people with disability. 10.8% of patients were determined as people with disability without a revision period after the primary examination on medical and social expertise commission. The causes of primary permanent disability were domestic injuries (90.8%), occupational injuries (5.0%), injures during military service and battle injuries (2.1%) and disability since the childhood (2.1%). Structure according to disability groups showed the next distribution: 90.3% – the 3rd group, 9.2% – the 2nd group and 0.5% – the 1st group. Consequences of elbow injuries which led to primary permanent disability were caused by bone fractures (61.5%), elbow contractures and elbow ankyloses (19.0%), injuries of an ulnar nerve (8.7%), traumatic amputation at the elbow level (6.2%), forearm dislocations (3.1%), open wounds of elbow (1.0%), elbow ligaments ruptures (0.5%). Patients registered as disabled with a revision period during the first examination on commission had sufficient rehabilitation potential for restoration of elbow joint function and one of the upper limb in total.