Capital Area Research Articles

Analysis of Roadkill on the Korean Expressways from 2004 to 2019.

Expressways in Korea are high-speed traffic roads connecting important cities. Road infrastructure continues to expand to accommodate the increase in traffic volume associated with the growth of industry and tourism. Here, data on 36,863 roadkill events that occurred on expressway routes managed by the Korea Expressway Corporation between 2004 and 2019 were analyzed. Characterizing patterns of roadkill is important for prioritizing roadkill mitigation measures. We identified consistently increasing or decreasing trends using Mann–Kendall statistics and Sen’s slope. Roadkill was most common in Gangwon Province and was concentrated between May and June and between October and December. Water deer (Hydropotes inermis) was the most common road-killed species. The trend analysis revealed a statistically significant decline in Gangwon Province and a statistically significant increase in the Capital Area and Chungnam Province. There was a significant increase in wild boar (Sus scrofa) roadkill in the first and fourth quarters. Mitigation measures are needed for regions and species showing increasing trends, including water deer in the first to third quarters, periods for which no decline in water deer roadkill was noted.

Artificial intelligence in the GPs office: a retrospective study on diagnostic accuracy

Objective Machine learning (ML) is expected to play an increasing role within primary health care (PHC) in coming years. No peer-reviewed studies exist that evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ML models compared to general practitioners (GPs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of an ML classifier on primary headache diagnoses in PHC, compare its performance to GPs, and examine the most impactful signs and symptoms when making a prediction. Design A retrospective study on diagnostic accuracy, using electronic health records from the database of the Primary Health Care Service of the Capital Area (PHCCA) in Iceland. Setting Fifteen primary health care centers of the PHCCA. Subjects All patients that consulted a physician, from 1 January 2006 to 30 April 2020, and received one of the selected diagnoses. Main outcome measures Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Matthews Correlation Coefficient, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, and Area under the ROC curve (AUROC) score for primary headache diagnoses, as well as Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) values of the ML classifier. Results The classifier outperformed the GPs on all metrics except specificity. The SHAP values indicate that the classifier uses the same signs and symptoms (features) as a physician would, when distinguishing between headache diagnoses. Conclusion In a retrospective comparison, the diagnostic accuracy of the ML classifier for primary headache diagnoses is superior to GPs. According to SHAP values, the ML classifier relies on the same signs and symptoms as a physician when making a diagnostic prediction. Keypoints Little is known about the diagnostic accuracy of machine learning (ML) in the context of primary health care, despite its considerable potential to aid in clinical work. This novel research sheds light on the diagnostic accuracy of ML in a clinical context, as well as the interpretation of its predictions. If the vast potential of ML is to be utilized in primary health care, its performance, safety, and inner workings need to be understood by clinicians.

Do Patients Residing in Provincial Areas Transport and Spend More on Cancer Treatment in Korea?

Background: With the increasing burden of cancer worldwide, a need exists to investigate patterns of healthcare utilization and costs. This study aimed to investigate whether the area of residence is associated with the likelihood of a patient receiving treatment at an institution located outside their residing region. This study also analyzed whether medical travel was related to levels of healthcare utilization and costs. Methods: This study used the 2007 to 2015 National Health Insurance (NHI) claims data. The residing area was categorized into capital area, metropolitan cities, and provincial area. Healthcare utilization was measured based on days of care and costs based on direct, covered medical costs. Chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to investigate the general characteristics of the study population. The relationship between the dependent and independent variables were analyzed using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) model. Results: Of the 64,505 participants included in this study, 19,975 (31.0%) visited medical institutions located outside their residing area. Compared to individuals residing in the capital area, those living in provincial regions (OR 2.202, 95% CI 2.068–2.344) were more likely to visit medical institutions outside their residing area. Healthcare costs were higher in individuals receiving treatment at hospitals located elsewhere (RR 1.054, 95% CI 1.017–1.093). Conclusion: Cancer patients residing in provincial areas were likely to visit institutions located outside their residing area for treatment. Medical travel was associated with higher levels of spent healthcare costs. Policies should focus on preventing possible related regional cancer disparity and promoting optimal configuration of cancer services.

온라인 여행사(OTAs) 선택속성의 확장된 기술수용모델(ETAM) 연구

The evolution of the new technologies and the internet have changed the way tourists make reservations. The purpose of this study is how online travel agency selection attributes affect the extended technology acceptance model. For the empirical test, students who are studying tourism management in capital area in 2021 were asked for the survey. The followings are the results. First, access to information and product variety advantage had a positive effect on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Also online travel agency selection attributes have a significant influence on continuous intention to use in order of product variety advantage, online reviews and access to information. Furthermore, online travel agency selection attributes have good influence on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and continuous intention to use.<BR> From the study, the implications are as follows. It is important that travel agency should focus on managing online channels such as online reviews, web pages, etc. in order to communicate with customers.

Peranan Pangeran Anang Mahidin Pada Marga Sanga Desa (1345-1374 H / 1924-1953 M) Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin

The hinterland is the designation for one part of the territory contained in Palembang, and the other part is the capital area and is considered the center of power, social, economic and cultural. Inland areas are divided into clans consisting of various villages, totaling 6 to 12. These clans have an orderly government system headed by the Depati or Pasirah and Danguan. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Prince Anang Mahidin in building the Sanga Desa clan. This research is a qualitative research. Data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. This research uses role theory. From this research, it can be concluded that in the Sanga Desa clan, heredity plays an important role in the selection of clan heads because most of the sandy people who have led the Sanga Desa clan are descendants of Prince Mangkurebin. In addition to being Pasirah Pangeran, he also acted as a government supervisor to manage people's plantations in the Coupon Age. Prince Anang Mahidin's role is also found in the socio-political field, namely in the fields of society, culture, development, education, transportation, economy and religion as well as the political field.

Land use and semen quality: A fertility center cohort study.

This study explored the association between built environment and semen parameters among men who sought fertility evaluation. We used a data of 5,886 men living in the Seoul capital area whose semen was tested at a single fertility center during 2016-2018. Distance to fresh water, the coast, major roadways, and neighborhood greenness measured by Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were evaluated. Outcome indicators were semen volume, sperm concentration, percentage of progressive motility, vitality, normal morphology, and total motile sperm count. Linear regression models were fitted to standardized values of six semen indicators. Majority of men were white-collar, clerical, and service workers. Linear associations between built environment features and semen quality indicators were not evident except for NDVI within 500 m and sperm vitality (β = 0.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.09). The 2nd quartile of distance to fresh water was associated with lower progressive motility compared to the 1st quartile (β = -0.10; 95% CI: -0.17, -0.03). Proportion of vitality was higher among men in the 2nd quartile of distance to roadways than those in the 1st quartile (0.08; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.15). Men in the 2nd quartile of NDVI had higher total motile sperm count (0.09; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.17). In the multi-exposure model, the positive association between NDVI and vitality remained (0.03; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.06). We observed potential evidence regarding the impact of built environment on male fertility, specifically a positive association between residential greenness and sperm vitality among men with a history of infertility.

Helminth Eggs Detected in Soil Samples of a Possible Toilet Structure Found at the Capital Area of Ancient Baekje Kingdom of Korea.

Although research conducted in East Asia has uncovered parasite eggs from ancient toilets or cesspits, data accumulated to date needs to be supplemented by more archaeoparasitological studies. We examined a total of 21 soil samples from a toilet-like structure at the Hwajisan site, a Baekje-period royal villa, in present-day Korea. At least 4 species of helminth eggs, i.e., Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, Clonorchis sinensis, and Trichuris sp. (or Trichuris vulpis) were detected in 3 sediment samples of the structure that was likely a toilet used by Baekje nobles. The eggs of T. trichiura were found in all 3 samples (no. 1, 4, and 5); and A. lumbricoides eggs were detected in 2 samples (no. 4 and 5). C. sinensis and T. vulpis-like eggs were found in no. 5 sample. From the findings of this study, we can suppose that the soil-transmitted helminths were prevalent in ancient Korean people, including the nobles of Baekje Kingdom during the 5th to 7th century.

Is turnover contagious? The impact of transformational leadership and collective turnover on employee turnover decisions

PurposeThis study addresses three research questions related to employee turnover: (1) does transformational leadership act as a pull-to-stay factor for employees? (2) How well does turnover intention predict actual turnover behavior? (3) Does collective turnover moderate the link between turnover intentions and turnover behaviors?Design/methodology/approachLatent moderated structural equation modeling was employed with longitudinal and multi-source data from car dealerships located in the Seoul Capital Area, South Korea.FindingsThe results indicate a negative relationship between transformational leadership and turnover intentions and a positive relationship between turnover intentions and turnover behavior. Furthermore, the results provide empirical support for turnover contagion as a mechanism triggering turnover intentions into turnover behavior in the workplace.Originality/valueThis study provides a timely and novel contribution to the areas of leadership and employee turnover due to the underexplored research area of transformational leadership, the growing body of literature that questions the fixed assumption in employee turnover studies and the increasing interest in collective turnover. Importantly, existing research has examined the concept of collective turnover from a quantity perspective, aggregating individual turnover to group levels. This study provides a more nuanced, comprehensive evaluation of the quality of turnover, by considering the impact of performance contribution aspects of turnover at the business unit level.

Gender and mobility in the car-dependent urban society of Muscat/ Oman

This article aims at analysing women’s possibilities in Muscat/Oman to participate in society by being mobile. Taking Muscat’s highly diversified population into account, we included both Omani and Indian family households in a mixedmethods approach using predominantly qualitative interviews. As a result of the urbanisation and modernisation process of the last five decades, the Capital Area of Muscat today forms a linear urban corridor that extends over roughly 80 km. The specific spatial context of a fast growing and widely dispersed urban space, as well as a well-developed road infrastructure combined with a high availability of individual cars are the reasons why individual mobility is predominantly car-based. For the analysis of Omani and Indian women’s mobility the concept of motility was chosen as theoretical framework. Considering the categories access, competence and appropriation, the concept offers a particular enlightening perspective for the case of Muscat, where the socioeconomic position as well as social norms and cultural restrictions play a decisive role in women’s mobility.

Encouraging rational antibiotic prescribing behaviour in primary care – prescribing practice among children aged 0–4 years 2016–2018: an observational study

Objective To study antibiotic prescriptions among 0- to 4-year-old children before and after implementing a quality project on prudent prescribing of antibiotics in primary healthcare in the capital region of Iceland. Design An observational, descriptive, retrospective study using quantitative methodology. Setting Primary healthcare in the Reykjavik area with a total population of approximately 220,000. Subjects A total of 6420 children 0–4 years of age presenting at the primary healthcare centres in the metropolitan area over three years from 2016 to 2018. Main outcome measures Reduction of antibiotic prescriptions and change in antibiotic profile. Data on antibiotic prescriptions for children 0–4 years of age was obtained from the medical records. Out-of-hours prescriptions were not included in the database. Results The number of prescriptions during the study period ranged from 263.6 to 289.6 prescriptions/1000 inhabitants/year. A reduction of 9% in the total number of prescriptions between 2017–2018 was observed. More than half of all prescriptions were for otitis media, followed by pneumonia and skin infections. Amoxicillin accounted for over half of all prescriptions, increasing between 2016 and 2018 by 51.3%. During this period, the prescribing of co-amoxiclav and macrolides decreased by 52.3% and 40.7%, respectively. These changes were significant in all cases, p < 0.0001. Conclusion The results show an overall decrease in antibiotic prescribing concurrent with a change in the choice of antibiotics prescribed and in line with the recommendations presented in the prescribing guidelines implemented by the Primary Healthcare of the Capital Area, and consistent with the project’s goals. Key points A substantial proportion of antibiotic prescribing can be considered inappropriate and the antibiotic prescription rate is highest in Iceland of the Nordic countries. After implementing guidance on the treatment of common infections together with feedback on antibiotic prescribing, a decrease in the total number of prescriptions accompanied by a shift in the antibiotic profile was observed.

Low Body Mass Index Levels and Idiopathic Scoliosis in Korean Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis is rapidly increasing in Korean children, but research on the disorder is limited compared to that in other countries. Accordingly, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between idiopathic scoliosis and body mass index (BMI) levels in Korean children. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled elementary school students and middle school first graders in the Capital Area in Korea. The participants underwent body composition measurements and screening for idiopathic scoliosis. Idiopathic scoliosis was defined as a Cobb angle of ≥10°. The students were classified into three groups—the severely underweight (SUW: BMI < 16 kg/m2) group, the underweight group (UW: 16 ≤ BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), and the normal weight group (NW: 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2) to compare the risk of idiopathic scoliosis across BMI levels. Results: The final cohort comprised 1375 participants. The odds ratio (OR) of idiopathic scoliosis was 0.69 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.50–0.94) and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.49–0.89) for the UW and the NW groups, respectively, with the SUW group as the reference. This shows that the risk decreased significantly by 31% and 34% in the UW and the NW groups, respectively. After controlling for age and sex, the corresponding ORs were 0.72 (95% CI: 0.52–0.98) and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.51–0.96), and the risk significantly decreased by 28% and 30% in the UW and the NW groups, respectively. Conclusions: Low body weight is closely associated with spinal deformity and idiopathic scoliosis.

Machine Learning-Based Solution Predicting Hardware Faults

Constant exploration of better performance and energy consumption has led to several hardware-based generators being used in interdependent SoC. Such generators abuse the intrinsic contrast of activities, and they also forgive inconsistencies in their outputs, such as image and optical machine learning applications. At about the same time owing to process growing and control constraints, irreversible faults are escalating, leading to incorrect outputs. Strategy to resolve this issue, which uses machine learning training tools to improve the impact of permanent fix in hardware accelerators that can withstand incorrect outputs. The suggested financial benefits do not need any accelerator details and are highly flexible with low capital areas. Furthermore, earlier work is very time intensive as it involves the introduction of fault pairs into the gate netlists to test their effect on the outputs. To solve these problems, this paper proposed to improve representation first by increasing the degree of complexity from the degree of both the gate to a stage of actions. The power to make segments and sub of the same contextual definition with specific features by establishing numerous propagation commands in the supply chain context involves. Test data demonstrate that our proposed approach is a simple and reliable way of generating different designs to secure the device.

프로야구 원정팬의 고향 지역사회 인식이 고향팀 인식에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of away fans about the hometown community on their perception of the hometown team by targeting on baseball fans that migrated to reside in the capital area. For this study, the targeted away fans were limited to KIA, HANWHA, and LOTTE fans, who are away fans that watch baseball from the capital area, and the influence caused by the hometown community awareness of the away fans on their perception about the hometown team was explored. The research findings are as follows. First, it was displayed that as the away fans residing in the capital area have a higher sense of pride about their region and lower affection towards their region, then their perception of hometown baseball team athletes appeared to be high. Second, for the perception of the away fans residing in the capital area, as they have a higher sense of pride and satisfaction about the region but lower affection towards the region, then they had a high perception about their hometown baseball team. Third, as the away fans residing in the capital area have a higher the sense of pride and satisfaction about the region while their affection towards the region is lower, their perception of the parent company of the hometown team was high. The significance of the research findings is that the positive perception of away fans that left their hometown to reside in the capital area has a positive influence on the athletes, baseball team, and even the parent company cheering for the team and it is considered that the fans continue cheering for their hometown team even while they reside in other regions due to homesickness.

The Effect of Workers&amp;apos; Emotional Lobor in Each Beauty Industry on their Quality of Work and Life

The purpose of this study is examine the impact of emotional labor of employees on work and life according to the beauty service industry and position that provides services to customers, and to establish the academic basis for improving the work environment of beauty service workers. The sample of this study was comprised of 630 questionnaires for beauty service workers currently working in the capital area, which were distributed both online and offline, and a total of 609 questionnaires were used for the final analysis data. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 21.0 program and in order to examine the impact of emotional labor per work sector on the quality of work and life, regression analysis was used. First, it was found that for emotional labor of beauty service workers according to the work field, ‘pursuit of happiness for work and life’ and ‘incongruity of work and life’ for impact on the quality of work and life. It was found that when the ‘external emotional labor’ increased for hair beauty workers, skin beauty workers, makeup workers, and nail beauty workers, it had a positive (+) relationship when the ‘pursuit for happiness in work and life’ increased. Second, for emotional labor of beauty service workers per position, ‘pursuit of happiness for work and life’ and ‘incongruity of work and life’ were found to be important variables among quality of work and life. Third, when taking a look at the relationship of emotional labor and quality of work and life according to the type of affiliation, it was found that in the case of ‘internal emotional labor’ among emotional labor, it was highest in franchise shops among the four groups. In conclusion, the present domestic beauty industry is expanding into an industry that actively responds to the various needs of customers while providing qualitative services. In particular, as the beauty industry is becoming more diverse, segmented and professional, there is a very wide range of demographical features of customers visiting beauty shops, skin care shops, and makeup and nail shops. Therefore, since the needs for services to be received are all different, the quality of services that workers must provide directly to customers must also be enhanced. Keywords: Beauty profession; Beauty service; Emotional labor; Quality of life

Setting up a division of HBP surgery at a local university hospital

Setting up a division of HBP surgery at a local university hospital

Impact of Strategic Locations on Customer Dynamics in Business Outlets: A Case by Observation Method

This paper investigated the impact of strategic location, a retailer's most expensive and long-term marketing mix choice, on customer dynamics. The researchers used two aspects of retail location to estimate consumer spending at a multinational café franchisee in the metropolitan area of Malaysian capital. A qualitative observation method has been applied to collect the data and analyzed it systematically. Several factors including proximity to customers, i.e. trip times, and closeness to other shops, i.e. agglomeration are measured. Both are key indicators of customer spending and, as a result, revenue for the business. Furthermore, across retail forms, location effects are diverse and frequently asymmetric. Rush hour times to a retailer's general outlet have a significantly larger effect on customer dynamics than they do on other outlets, according to the findings. Retailers are increasingly focusing on providing a better consumer experience. However, there has been a scarcity of comparable academic study on the subject. The researchers addressed particular factors in this study, emphasizing those that need further investigation.

Standardization of the driver certification processes of the company Bebidas Mundial S. de R.L. de C.V.

The purpose of this work is to standardize the certification processes for delivery and administrative drivers under the CESVI Standard at Betides Mondial’s, S. de R.L. de C.V. To fulfill this objective, a mixed investigation was proposed with a design of the Deming methodology "the PDCA cycle". The specific objectives were to carry out a diagnosis to the Human Capital area to know specific data of the driver training, determine the number of drivers who are certified or not and have a driver's license, design a procedure manual that allows effective control of the certification process and participate in the current awareness campaign. The result was the standardization of the certification process, the standardization manual, Excel database, the credentialing of drivers, strengthening the "Safe Fleet" campaign.

Effects of Relationship Marketing of Skincare Shop on the Customer Trust and Relationship Continuity Intention

This study researched the effects of relationship marketing of skincare shop on the customer trust and relationship continuity intention. For this, a survey was conducted from December 1 st to December 15 th 2020, targeting the women in their 20s-50s with experiences of using skincare shop in Seoul and capital area for three months or more. Total 327 questionnaires were used for the final analysis, and the results of this study are as follows. First, in the effects of relationship marketing of skincare shop on the customer trust, the subfactors of relationship marketing such as communication, customer orientation, and professionalism were the important factors on the experience and ability, honesty, discomfort, trust, benefit, position, and sincere attitude of customer trust. Second, in the effects of relationship marketing of skincare shop on the relationship continuity intention, the subfactors of relationship marketing such as communication, customer orientation, and professionalism were the important factors on the continuity, positiveness, recommendation, priority, use intention, price, and revisit of relationship continuity intention. In order to provide valuable service to customers and also to maintain relationships with customers, such results of this study could be utilized as the basic data for improving the service and establishing the differentiation strategies as managerial elements contributing to the stable operation as the service providers maintain the long-term relationships by getting equipped with professionalism and response ability through education. Keywords: Customer Trust; Relationship; Relationship Marketing; Skincare Shop

Financial Management and Knowledge of Capital Area Residents: Comparison with Non-capital Area Residents

Financial Management and Knowledge of Capital Area Residents: Comparison with Non-capital Area Residents

Mulyadi OPTIMASI NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DI ERA VUCA

The development of science and technology, at certain level evolves to an all-digital world. The environment experiences a state of VUCA, which is full of Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity, which are believed to make humans and their environment very vulnerable. Furthermore, with the world entering the era of non-conventional warfare and war by proxy, the real threat to national security does not come from armed invasions, but in the form of ideological attacks by using Non-State Actors to attack the Indonesian Center of (COG), namely the Unity of Indonesia. However, throughout 2020 there were several incidents of conflict between residents in the National Capital area, Jakarta. This study aims to optimize the unity and integrity of the nation from the perspective of a universal war strategy. The Writing using descriptive qualitative research method, using data sources from reports, printed media, and online media. The results of research on the optimization of unity and integrity from the review of the universal war strategy, Indonesia absolutely needs a universal strategy in order to maintain the Central of Gravity of Indonesian Unity and Integrity.