Capita Meat Consumption Research Articles

Benefits of Promoting Native Chickens for Sustainable Rural Poultry Development in Indonesia

There are many benefits of promoting of native chickens for rural poultry development in Indonesia. They are commonly raised in many areas of Indonesia and play a major role in food production, providing the main source of dietary animal protein for many people. They are often called “non-breed chickens"— (“or (“buras") to differentiate them from modern commercialized chicken breeds. There are at least 34 kinds of native chickens in Indonesia. Some of the more common native chickens, namely Ayunai, Balenggek, Banten, Bangkok, Burgo, Bekisar, Cemani, Ciparage, Gaok, Kampung, Kasintu, Kedu, Pelung, Lamba, Maleo, Merawang, Nagrak, Nunukan, Nusa Penida, Olagan, Sedayu, Sentul, Sumatera, Tolaki, Tukung, Wareng, Sabu, and Semau. Some of them are used for non-food purposes. Indonesia with its population is over 258.71 million people in 2016 has an annual level of protein consumption from poultry meat of 12.97 kg/capita/year and poultry eggs exceeded 190 eggs/capita/year. They accounted for about 10% of Indonesia‘s total meat consumption compared to broiler (55%), beef (19%), pork (8%), goat (7%), and others (1%) with its per capita meat consumption from livestock is still lower compared to many countries. There are three types of husbandry systems are used to raise native chickens in Indonesia. First, the extensive traditional system, farmers usually reared them ranged between 2 to 20 birds. Second, the semi-intensive with the bird numbers typically range from the least ownership of 25 birds to hundreds. Finally, there is professionally managed intensive system. The number of chickens reared is varies from hundreds to thousands.

A review on present status, problems and prospects of quail farming in Bangladesh

The aim of this paper is to review the current status of quail production, problems and its future prospects in Bangladesh. Poultry industry is an important sub-sector of livestock production in Bangladesh that plays a crucial role in economic growth and simultaneously creates numerous employment opportunities. As a fundamental part of animal production in Bangladesh, the industry is committed to supplying nation with a cheap source of good quality nutritious animal protein in terms of meat and eggs. Approximately 25% of the protein consumed in Bangladesh originates from poultry .Despite this data, Bangladesh is still one of the lowest poultry meat consuming countries in the world. Here per capita meat consumption is only 1.2 kg per person per year and per capita egg consumption is also about 32 eggs per person per year. With increasing incomes, the demand for meat, especially the cheaper option of poultry meat, and eggs is set to rise. More importantly, quail becomes a promising poultry species in Bangladesh due to their smaller body size, hardiness against common chicken diseases, easy management, quick return over the invest, less labor cost and investment required for the farming. But still now the rearing quail is not yet popular like chicken farming due to poor marketing channel, subsistence farming, lack of specialized feed, lack of available day-old chicks, high chick mortality etc. Scientific feeding, training to the farmers about their management, creating organized marketing channel will be the probable solution for vitalizing this species in Bangladesh.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2017. 46 (2): 109-120

Changing patterns of meat consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in Australia: Will kangaroo meat make a difference?

The Australian per capita consumption of ruminant meat such as beef and lamb has declined over the last two decades. Over the same period, however, per capita consumption of non-ruminant meat such as chicken and pork has continued to increase. Furthermore, it is now observed that the human consumption of kangaroo meat is on the rise. This study investigates the implications of these changes in meat consumption patterns on Green House Gases (GHGs) emission mitigation in Australia using a Vector Auto Regression (VAR) forecasting approach. Our results suggest that the increase will continue in non-ruminant meat consumption and this will not only offset the decline in ruminant meat consumption, but will also raise the overall per capita meat consumption by approximately 1% annually. The per capita GHGs emissions will likely decrease by approximately 2.3% per annum, due to the inclusion of non-ruminant meat in Australian diets. The GHGs emissions can further be reduced if the average Australian consumer partially replaces ruminant meat with kangaroo meat.

Water Footprint Calculation on the Basis of Input–Output Analysis and a Biproportional Algorithm: A Case Study for the Yellow River Basin, China

In the Yellow River basin, China, ecosystems suffer from the overexploitation and utilization of water resources, resulting in various environmental impacts. Consideration must be given to both human and ecosystem water requirements in water resources management. A water footprint (WF) is a tool for estimating industrial, agricultural, commercial and household water requirements and for examining the impact of consumption on water resources. The study attempts to establish an approach to analyse the dynamic processes and driving forces that result in certain WFs. Using input–output tables for provinces and municipalities, we calculate water use coefficients, the total WF and the net external WF of consumption in China’s Yellow River Basin. A biproportional algorithm is employed to revise the input–output tables for analysing the temporal dynamics of the WF. The factor analysis and linear regression were used to analyse the main influencing factors of WF. Results indicate that the coefficient for water use by primary industries is highest and that coefficients for provincial water use differ significantly. Second, household consumption and residuals from capital accumulation constituted approximately half of the total WF of the Yellow River basin in 2002 and also differed significantly among provinces. Third, the ratio of the net external WF to the total WF increased, and the ratio of final consumption to the total WF declined during the period examined. Fourth, output by secondary industries correlated most strongly with the WF, followed by area under irrigation, per capita meat consumption, water consumption per 10,000-yuan increase in added value and population.

Meat and Milk Consumption 2050: the Potential for Demand‐side Solutions to Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction

SummaryThe contribution of meat consumption to global warming is discussed. The IPCC Climate Change 2014 report recognised that meat demand oriented measures could contribute to GHG mitigation, though by excluding meat market adjustments it overstated the potential. Results are presented from a partial equilibrium model of global meat and milk sectors which examines the impact of projected population and economic growth on global meat consumption for the major regions of the world to 2050. A range of market and policy scenarios linked to meat demand reduction are then analysed, especially for ruminant meats which have the highest GHG emissions intensities. These scenarios include the impact of a continuing long‐term downward trend in red meat consumption in developed economies, impacts of carbon taxes on meat demand, and reductions in GHG emissions intensities for all meats. The modelling projects a 21 per cent increase in global per capita meat consumption and a 63 per cent increase in global meat consumption and GHG emissions without any mitigation measures. Mitigation scenarios, however, only generate a maximum 22 per cent reduction in total livestock and a 26 per cent reduction in ruminant global emissions relative to the Baseline 2050 projection, still well above base period 2010 emission levels.

One Man's Meat … 2050? Ruminations on Future Meat Demand in the Context of Global Warming

AbstractThis Address considers a range of issues relating to the contribution of meat consumption and livestock production to global warming, given the need highlighted by the Committee on Climate Change (CCC) to reduce global GHG emissions by over 50% by 2050. The IPCC Climate Change 2014 report recognised that demand oriented measures may also contribute to GHG mitigation. The paper reviews a number of studies which examine demand‐led mitigation potentials, and concludes that such estimates ignore the market effects of changes in meat consumption habits or demand oriented policies. A simple partial equilibrium model of beef, poultry, pig and ovine meats is developed for the major regions of the world to explore the impact of a range of scenarios which might reduce meat consumption and GHG emissions. These include emissions taxation, long‐term trends in reduction of red meat consumption in developed economy regions, and supply side improvements in livestock emissions intensities. The paper discusses problems associated with many published demand elasticities suitable for incorporation into a market model, problems of selection from widely varying published estimates and their appropriateness for longer‐run projections. The dearth of published supply elasticity estimates is also highlighted. The modelling concludes that economic and population growth to 2050 without any mitigation measures will lead to a 21% increase in per capita meat consumption and a 63% increase in total consumption and GHG emissions by 2050. However, the mitigation projections from the scenarios explored only generate a 14% reduction in cumulative emissions from the baseline 2050 projections, insufficient to meet the CCC target.

English

Ethiopia has the largest cattle population in Africa. However, the potential of the sector has not fully utilized. Average carcass weight of cattle, per capita meat consumption and annual volume of meat produced were very low. Experience from developed countries indicates that implementing carcass quality audit would aid to identify quality problems, develop strategies and establish an educational plan to improve carcass quality. The audit has helped in benchmarking carcass quality parameters to quantify the progress of the sector at intervals of time. The purpose of this paper is to develop strategy on beef carcass quality audit and indicates the possibilities of implementing it at beef export abattoirs in Ethiopia. Key words: Beef, carcass, audit, Ethiopia.

Demographics, societal aging, and meat consumption in China

Drawn on the data collected by surveying 1 340 urban households from six cities in China, this paper estimates the impacts of demographic structure and population aging on household meat consumption, by jointly considering meat consumed at home and away from home. Based on the trajectories of population, a simple simulation on meat demand trend in China is conducted subsequently. The results suggest: 1) Meat consumed away from home averagely accounts for near 30% of household total meat consumption in terms of quantity, so that its omission likely leads to a significant underestimate of total meat consumption and misunderstanding the driving forces; 2) population aging significantly and negatively affects per capita meat consumption, suggesting that the expected meat demand in China without considering population aging will be overestimated. The findings from this study have important implications for better understanding the relative issues on China's meat consumption under the situation of population aging.

Does global meat consumption follow an environmental Kuznets curve?

In this article, we use data on meat consumption, per capita income, and other socioeconomic variables for 150 countries to determine whether data support the hypothesis that per capita meat consumption follows a Kuznets-style inverted U-curve. In other words, as nations increase their real per capita incomes, while individuals at first consume more meat, ultimately, over time and with increased income, do they moderate their consumption? Our results signal that although there is evidence of a Kuznets relationship, the income at which our data suggests a deceleration of meat is large enough that for many countries this deceleration will not be reached in the foreseeable future. In a cross-section sample of low-income countries, we find no evidence of a Kuznets relationship. In a cross-section sample of high-income countries, we do find a potential Kuznets relationship and a deceleration of meat consumption at a per capita income of US$49,848. In the full panel-data sample combining high- and low-income countries, including data on land area and urbanization, our results suggest an inflection point in meat consumption at an income of US$36,375, still quite high for any realistic impact. Thus, our results highlight that effectively decelerating the global demand for meat may require aggressive and potentially controversial policy interventions, which, while leaving individuals with less choice, would address the otherwise devastating environmental impacts of increasing meat consumption.

Meat-consumption statistics: reliability and discrepancy

Interest in meat consumption and its impact on the environment and health has grown markedly over the last few decades and this upsurge has led to greater demand for reliable data. This article aims to describe methods for producing meat-consumption statistics and discuss their limitations and strengths; to identify uncertainties in statistics and to estimate their individual impact; to outline how relevant data are produced and presented at the national (Swedish), regional (Eurostat), and international (FAOSTAT) levels; to analyze the consequences of identified discrepancies and uncertainties for estimating the environmental and health effects of meat consumption; and to suggest recommendations for improved production, presentation, and use of meat-consumption statistics. We demonstrate many inconsistencies in how meat-consumption data are produced and presented. Of special importance are assumptions on bone weight, food losses and waste, weight losses during cooking, and nonmeat ingredients. Depending on the methods employed to handle these ambiguous factors, per capita meat-consumption levels may differ by a factor of two or more. This finding illustrates that knowledge concerning limitations, uncertainties, and discrepancies in data is essential for a correct understanding, interpretation, and use of meat-consumption statistics in, for instance, dietary recommendations related to health and environmental issues.

Representative concentration pathways and mitigation scenarios for nitrous oxide

The challenges of mitigating nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are substantially different from those for carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), because nitrogen (N) is essential for food production, and over 80% of anthropogenic N2O emissions are from the agricultural sector. Here I use a model of emission factors of N2O to demonstrate the magnitude of improvements in agriculture and industrial sectors and changes in dietary habits that would be necessary to match the four representative concentration pathways (RCPs) now being considered in the fifth assessment report (AR5) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Stabilizing atmospheric N2O by 2050, consistent with the most aggressive of the RCP mitigation scenarios, would require about 50% reductions in emission factors in all sectors and about a 50% reduction in mean per capita meat consumption in the developed world. Technologies exist to achieve such improved efficiencies, but overcoming social, economic, and political impediments for their adoption and for changes in dietary habits will present large challenges.

Women's Status and World-System Position: An Exploratory Analysis

Our aim here is to strengthen the links between the world-systems perspective and research ongender inequality. Grounding our analysis in theories assessing the connections between genderrelationships and world-system processes, we empirically explore (]) the extent to whichwomen's status in nations overlaps with the world-system position of those nations and (2) theinfluence of women's status within nations on a variety of national characteristics. We find thatwomen's status has a moderately strong association with world-system position, which suggeststhat macro-comparative research may confound the respective effects on a variety of socialcharacteristics of women's status and world-system position if indicators of both factors are notincluded in analyses. We also find that, controlling for world-system position, GDP per capita,and urbanization, in nations where women have higher status (variously measured), total fertilityrates, infant mortality rates, military expenditures, and inflows of foreign direct investinent arelower, and public health care expenditures and per capita meat consumption are higher. Theseresults suggest that women's status likely has social effects that can be seen on the macro-level,and that world-systems analysts should pay more attention to theories of gender in their research.

The Pig in Irish Cuisine and Culture

The Pig in Irish Cuisine and Culture

Forecasting the dynamics of per capita meat consumption by the population of Russia under conditions of inflation

The paper describes the instruments developed by the author for imitation modeling of per capita meat and meat product consumption by the population of Russia taking into consideration the exogenously assigned trends of change in per capita cash incomes, consumer prices, and inflation rates. The results of prediction calculations for the period of 2010–2012 using the developed instruments are presented. The consequences of implementing the forecasts of the socioeconomic development of Russia until 2012 are analyzed on their basis.

At‐home meat consumption in China: an empirical study*

The remarkable economic changes occurring within China since 1978 have resulted in a striking alteration in food consumption patterns, and one marked change is the increasing consumption of meat. Given China’s large population, a small percentage change in per capita meat consumption could lead to a dramatic impact on the production and trade of agricultural products. Such changes have major implications for policy makers and food marketers. This paper concentrates on meat consumption patterns in the home in China. A censored linear approximate almost ideal demand system model was employed in the study, and major economic parameters were estimated for different meat items. Data used in this study were collected from two separate consumer surveys – one urban and one rural in 2005.

China’s Role in the 2007–2008 Global Food Price Boom and Bust Chinas Rolle beim weltweiten Anstieg und Rückgang der Lebensmittelpreise von 2007–2008 Le rôle de la Chine dans le gonflement et le dégonflement des prix alimentaires mondiaux de 2007–2008

SummaryChina’s Role in the 2007–2008 Global Food Price Boom and BustThe 2007–2008 agricultural commodity price boom was short‐lived, just like past agricultural commodity price spikes. Grain prices doubled or even tripled from 2006 to 2008, while accompanying food prices rose sharply. But prices then fell steeply in the latter part of 2008. Some international agencies argued that the high prices in 2008 were going to persist for many years, partly because of growing food import demand in China and other parts of Asia. So this article investigates China’s role in the 2007–2008 global food price boom and bust. We find that contrary to some claims, income, demand and trade growth in China cannot be blamed for the increase in global food prices in 2007–2008. In fact, in China, growth in meat consumption in the urban areas has slowed down since the 1990s and per capita urban meat consumption has been very constant since 2002. In the rural areas, per capita meat consumption has also stabilized in the last five years. China did not overreact to the 2007–2008 food price boom and one could even argue that strong government intervention in China’s grain sector was a stabilizing factor in the world grain markets over the last two years.

Attitudes of European citizens towards pig production systems

The objective of the study is to map citizen attitudes towards pig meat production systems, and to investigate whether these attitudes associate with pork and pork product consumption. A conjoint experiment was carried out with empirical data collected from 1931 individuals in four European countries with higher-than-average per capita meat consumption (Belgium, Denmark, Poland and Germany). The experiment was based on the following pig farming characteristics: herd size, housing and floor type, efforts to reduce the impact of the production system on the environment, animal feed designed for producing pork with specific fat content, and finally the preferred quality characteristics of the pork end-product. The results of the conjoint analysis were used for a subsequent cluster analysis in order to identify European citizen clusters. Respondents' socio-demographic profile, attitudes towards issues that are expected to influence the way people evaluate pig meat production systems, and consumption frequency of various pork products are used as background information to identify segment profiles. Pork appears to play a substantial role as a part of the diet for most respondents in the four countries of this study. The results of the conjoint experiment at the sample level show that people assigned most importance to animal and environmental well-being as criteria to discriminate between “good” and “bad” pig production practices, despite the fact that their attitudes towards environmental protection, animal welfare and industrial food production were only moderately strong. Moreover, the results of the cluster analysis allowed small-sized, clear-cut clusters of citizens to appear, which pay attention to specific pig farming attributes. In conclusion, attitudes towards environment and nature, animal welfare and the need for an environment-friendly food production were indeed related to citizens' specific attitudes towards pig farming at the cluster level. However, the relationship between citizenship and consumption behaviour was found to be weak. What people think in their role as citizens related to pig production did not appear to significantly influence their pork consumption choices.

The trouble with meat [meat industry

With per capita meat consumption soaring, the meat industry has become one of the main factors in climate change. The reason for this is that countries tend to consume more meat and dairy products as their average incomes rise: animal products are among the first things people spend money on once their basic needs are met. The knock-on effect of this 'nutrition transition' on globalgrain supplies in developing countries is becoming highly significant.

Towards a broader understanding of South African consumer spending on meat

This paper analyses meat consumption trends in South Africa. Despite the fact that aggregate per capita meat consumption remained relatively constant during the last 34 years, significant changes were observed in the per capita consumption among different meat categories. By applying Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and the Johansen cointegration approach to a conventional demand function, significant changes in the contributions of economic and non-economic factors towards meat demand were identified over time. From the analysis it is apparent that non-economic factors play a greater role in determining meat consumption in South Africa.

Cross-national meat and fish consumption: exploring the effects of modernization and ecological context

Production and consumption of meat and fish have serious consequences for global food security and the environment. An understanding of the factors that influence meat and fish consumption is important for developing a sustainable food production and distribution system. For a sample of 132 nations, we use ordinary-least-squares (OLS) regression to assess the effects of modernization and ecological context on per capita meat and fish consumption. We find that ecological conditions in a nation, such as resource availability and climate, influence meat and fish consumption. Additionally, indicators of modernization, particularly economic development, influence the consumption of both meat and fish. However, the effect of economic development on consumption patterns is distinctly different among geographic regions. We conclude that in order to understand national dietary patterns, researchers need to take into account not only ecological context and economic development, but also regional/cultural factors.