Positional Candidate Research Articles

Justification of the approach to identifying promising managers for project management

The article deals with problems of project management in the context of a shortage of human resources at enterprises in the real sector of the economy as well as with promising areas of development to improve the efficiency of project management. The necessity of conducting work on preliminary analysis and selection of candidates is noted, with consideration to individual characteristics and expected goals. Within the framework of the tasks set for the study, the authors have shown the possibility of a three-factor evaluation of candidates to achieve results sufficient from the practical point of view in terms of choosing the most promising candidate from the available staff, and the possibility of obtaining a reasoned decision on the need to involve an external manager for the project implementation in the absence of the required competencies in the company’s staff of the. A brief overview of the methodological framework of management is given, which allows solving the problem of a reasonable approach to the recruitment for appointment to situational positions. It is shown that based on the developed approach, reasonable and strategically correct management decisions can be made. It can be used at enterprises in the real sector of the economy when making decisions on the appointment of project managers to improve the efficiency of work to achieve the goals stated in the project as well as for educational purposes to form decision-making skills and evaluate candidates for leadership positions.

Genomic regions associated with embryonic loss in primiparous Holstein cows

IntroductionReproductive efficiency in dairy cattle bred by artificial insemination (AI) or via embryo transfer (ET) is important as a means of facilitating the rate of genetic improvement by utilizing superior genetics from sires and donor dams. Fertility is especially challenging in primiparous cows as they have recently calved, are still growing, and are lactating. Fertility, measured by the conception rate from the first service (CCR1), is the number of cows that become pregnant as a result of the first AI or ET compared to all cows serviced, whereas times bred (TBRD) is the number of inseminations cows bred by AI needed to achieve a successful pregnancy.MethodsThis study aimed to identify the loci associated with and gene sets enriched for the CCR1 in primiparous cows that were bred by AI (n = 882) or were ET recipients (n = 353), and to identify the loci associated with the TBRD (n= 1,851) in primiparous cows. A genome-wide association analysis and gene set enrichment analysis were performed using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data for the CCR1 and TBRD in primiparous cows. In cows bred by AI, two loci containing five positional candidate genes were associated with the CCR1 (p < 1 × 10−5) and one gene set with 18 leading-edge genes was enriched (NES ≥3) for the CCR1.Results and discussionIn cows that were ET recipients, five loci were associated with the CCR1, but no gene sets were enriched for the CCR1. For the second phenotype, five loci with nine positional candidate genes were associated with the TBRD and two gene sets with eight leading-edge genes were enriched for the TBRD. Identifying the loci associated with or gene sets enriched for the CCR1 and TBRD provides an opportunity to better understand embryonic loss in AI-bred and ET-recipient cows and to use this information to select for higher reproductive efficiency.

Integrated Genomic Approaches to Characterize and Mitigate Heat Stress in Poultry.

With the burgeoning human population, climate change, and expansion of poultry production in hot climates, it is imperative to aid global food security by enhancing the resilience of thermally challenged poultry. As a complement to management approaches used to mitigate heat stress, we give selected examples of recent studies on heat stress in poultry using various omics technologies. An integrated analysis of positional and functional candidate genes is provided, highlighting the most prominent pathways involved in the heat stress response. We finish by discussing efficient strategies to enhance thermal tolerance of poultry by genomics approaches, advocating for preservation of biodiversity that may provide beneficial allelic variation, and identifying current and future challenges in producing climate-resilient poultry.

Identification of quantitative trait locus and positional candidate loci influencing chicken egg quality under tropical conditions.

Egg quality is a vital factor in the poultry industry. High-quality eggs not only meet consumer expectations for appearance, taste, and nutritional value but also have high marketability, profitability, and consumer satisfaction. Accordingly, we executed our research with the purpose of determining chromosomal regions and genetic markers associated with egg quality in an F2 cross-bred chicken population under tropical conditions; we determined these through a genome-wide association study and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. This population was created by cross-breeding the L2 line of Taiwan Country chickens, which is adapted to local conditions in Taiwan, with an experimental line (R-line) of Rhode Island Red layer chickens, which was developed by the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment. A 60K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array for chickens was employed to execute the analysis. Our analysis revealed 40 QTLs associated with egg quality under tropical conditions, namely 20 QTLs with genome-wide statistical significance and 20 QTLs with chromosome-wide statistical significance. Furthermore, we identified 93 SNPs exerting discernible effects on egg quality, with 10 of these effects exhibiting genome-wide significance and 83 exhibiting potential significance. The majority of the detected QTL regions and SNPs agreed with those identified as having an association with egg quality or production traits in previous studies, thus supporting the interrelationships determined between the studied characteristics. The findings of this study enhance the understanding regarding the genetic regulation governing chicken egg quality, thereby serving as a valuable reference for future functional investigations.

Mapping the locus for ocular melanosis in Cairn Terriers.

To map the disease locus for familial ocular melanosis (OM) in the Cairn Terrier. Cairn Terriers with OM and normal control dogs. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using 63 OM-affected and 31 control Cairn Terriers, followed by haplotype analysis. A significantly associated single-nucleotide polymorphism was genotyped in a larger group of OM-affected and control Cairn Terriers. The coding and splice-site regions of genes mapping within the confidence interval were sequenced. A ~9.2 Mb region of chromosome 11 was significantly associated with OM. Haplotype analysis narrowed the region to 1.49 Mb. Genotyping of a SNP within the region showed 86% of OM-affected dogs were homozygous or heterozygous for the risk allele, whereas 78% of unaffected dogs were homozygous for the nonrisk allele. Sequencing of the coding regions and splice sites of four genes (c9orf72, IFNK, the 5' end of MOB3B, and the 3' end of LINGO2) and of a microRNA (MIR876) did not detect any genetic variants unique to OM-affected dogs. OM in Cairn Terriers maps to a 1.49 Mb region of chromosome 11. This accounts for 86% of OM cases in our DNA bank. A second locus may account for the OM phenotype in the remaining 14% of cases. Sequencing of coding regions and splice sites of positional candidate genes and a microRNA did not reveal any genetic variants unique to affected dogs. Further studies are required to elucidate the DNA variant causal for OM in Cairn Terriers and to understand the disease mechanism.

The Causal Effect of Candidate Extremity on Citizens’ Preferences: Evidence from Conjoint Experiments

Abstract Previous studies demonstrate that politicians’ issue positions and rhetorical style have grown increasingly extreme. It remains unclear, however, whether extremity pays off electorally. Using two preregistered conjoint experiments conducted in the United States (N = 2,006) and Israel (N = 1,999), we investigate whether citizens reward or penalize candidates for taking extreme positions (i.e., proposing radical solutions to societal problems) and using an extreme rhetorical style (i.e., communicating in a way that signals rigidity and dogmatism). The results are consistent in showing that extremity is costly for candidates. Across countries, citizens penalize both in-party and out-party candidates for both extreme positions and an extreme rhetorical style, and the average penalty for being extreme is a 16-percentage-point decrease in candidate support. Our results are in line with scholarship demonstrating that citizens disapprove of elite extremity. They also indicate that citizens react independently to elites’ substantive policy positions and their communication style.

Identifying Personality Types of Mayors in Local Government in Bulgaria According to the Myers – Briggs Typology

In this article, we make an attempt to explore and identify the personality types of mayors in Bulgarian local government by applying the Myers-Briggs typology indicator. This article presents part of the results of a more extensive author’s survey of mayors in municipalities and districts across the country. The fieldwork was carried out in the period between June 2022 and September 2023, with responses received from 57 of the mayors. The attention will be directed towards one of the questionnaires applied in this author’s study, which included questions regarding leadership models in Bulgarian municipalities. The methods used to analyze the collected data are descriptive statistics and calculation of an arithmetic mean value. The analysis identifies personality types of Bulgarian mayors and the strengths and weaknesses for each type. The results show that the personality type ‘Executive’ is the most common one among mayors in Bulgarian municipalities. The results provide an opportunity to expand the research and include qualitative methods such as in-depth interviews, focus groups and others, with the aim of examining the specifics of the individual case and linking it to the context of the environment. In addition, in the future, the relationship between personality type, charisma, emotional intelligence and the managerial style of the mayors will be investigated, as a result of which a profile can be built, through which candidates for public positions can be selected. Further research will also look at the relationship between the personality type of the mayor, the financial and economic condition of the municipality and the attracted investments during their mandate term.

Selection of Marketing Staff Using Simple Additive Weight and VIKOR Algorithm

In today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape, decision-making processes within organizations are increasingly relying on advanced computational methods to enhance efficiency and accuracy. This is particularly relevant in human resource management, where selecting suitable candidates for key positions is critical. Traditional methods of staff recruitment often rely on subjective assessments, which may lead to biases and inconsistencies. To address these challenges, this study proposes the use of the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and VIKOR (Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) algorithms as multi-criteria decision-making tools for selecting marketing staff. The SAW method offers a straightforward approach by assigning weighted scores to various criteria. In contrast, the VIKOR method provides a ranking system that considers ideal and compromise solutions for candidate selection. Integrating these two algorithms makes the selection process more objective and data-driven, reducing the risk of human error and improving overall decision quality. This paper outlines implementing the combined SAW-VIKOR model in the marketing staff recruitment process, highlighting its potential to optimize candidate evaluation and selection. The results demonstrate that utilizing these algorithms enhances the decision-making process, leading to better alignment of selected staff with organizational goals. This approach is valuable for organizations looking to leverage technology in their recruitment strategies.

Poder sobre la micropolítica en la universidad de Esmeraldas

This case of applied anthropology results from a contextual study, from the observation of power relations within the institution, and from the attempt to understand them. After the research work, based on questionnaires and interviews, in addition to the cases attended to by the University Welfare Directorate, the systematization of abuses based on the control of gender body expression, political-economic, and discursive positions is evident. that crossed hair/hair, clothing and militancy. The ethnography within the institution itself, the “Luis Vargas Torres” Technical University of Esmeraldas – the only public university in a province with a majority black population. The student body – to a lesser extent the teaching staff – has been forced to express with their body what the university institutional micropolitics established as normative, and which was intertwined with the racism that the student body did not want to continue assuming as they communicated in their complaints in the Directorate of University Welfare. The creation of the “ALMARGEN” research group helped to generate an applied anthropology, which illuminated the possibility of debating and approving – with some concessions in the initial claims – an affirmative action regulation in which, above all, it tends to create the academic and coexistence environment, which facilitates expression through clothing, speeches, associations and/or creativity of the university community. And that explains that no control will be exercised in classrooms and/or campuses over free expression, with emphasis on hair, also free. Applied anthropology has been more than the expression of a desire, and this is manifested in the fact that women will be the main candidates for positions of responsibility.

Women as Alternates: A Study on the Mechanism of Village Official Replacement in the Context of Rural Revitalization – A Case Study of Village J in Southeastern Hubei

Abstract The trend of left-behind women serving as village officials and participating in village governance is on the rise. Research in clan-based villages in the general agricultural regions of central and western China reveals that village factional conflicts make it difficult for elderly male village officials to win in village committee elections. Additionally, the emphasis on younger village officials by local governments forces these older men out of their roles. The economic resources available through village governance are limited and fail to meet the material needs of middle-aged and young male village officials, leading to their withdrawal as well. With the departure of men, left-behind women have become significant candidates for village official positions. Because of the increasing “administratization” 行政化 of village governance, village organizations need to mobilize these women to handle the growing administrative tasks in village management. Serving as village officials allows left-behind women to both care for their children and earn a decent income, while fulfilling the local government’s requirements for village officials. Consequently, through a series of training mechanisms, an increasing number of women are becoming the principal cadres within village committees.

PSX-1 Genomic insights into reproduction traits of Nellore cattle: A meta-analysis of genomic regions

Abstract Enhancing reproductive efficiency could lead to economic benefits for Nellore producers. However, several factors limit our understanding of the main genetic factors controlling reproduction traits in Nellore cattle, including genetic differences between populations and statistical limitations. A meta-analysis can assist in pinpointing the most likely functional candidate genes, quantitative trait loci, and biological processes simultaneously associated with several traits in a group. Hence, the goal of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of genomic regions previously associated with reproduction traits in Nellore cattle, to improve our comprehension of the main genetic mechanisms regulating these traits within the breed. This study incorporated a total of 549 genomic regions sourced from 21 scientific publications, published between 2014 to 2024. The reproduction traits included in this study are scrotal circumference at various ages (365, 450, and 550 d), early pregnancy (< 31 mo of age), early puberty (defined as pregnancy at 18 mo), age at first calving, antral follicle count, calving interval, calving ease, testicular hypoplasia, stayability, heifer rebreeding, gestation length, anti-mullerian hormone concentrations, preweaning calf mortality, and post-natal mortality. All genomic regions identified in the literature were updated to the ARS-UCD1.2 genome assembly, and the Gallo R package was used to identify positional candidate genes associated with each genomic region. A total of 8,441 positional candidate genes were annotated and used in an overrepresentation analysis performed in meshr. The significant genes (adjusted P-values < 0.05) identified in the overrepresentation analysis underwent prioritization analyses using the GUILDify and ToppGene software. Subsequently, enrichment analysis of the prioritized overrepresented candidate genes was performed using the ClusterProfiler R package. The 8,441 annotated genes generated 1,757 overrepresented genes, of which 17 candidate genes were prioritized (FDR P -value ≤ 10-3). The overrepresented candidate genes that were prioritized are: SERTAD2, RFWD3, C1QTNF9B, SLFN14, CATSPERE, GFRA4, ZNF408, NOP58, ADGRG3, KIZ, REM2, FSCN3, DCAF11, ACSM4, ANKRD34B, CMKLR2-AS, and TRV-AAC1-1. The functional enrichment analysis highlighted the following genes: FSCN3 (exhibits highly specific expression in testis), CATSPERE (has a vital role in cellular processes related to reproduction and is necessary for normal fertility), ANKRD34B (associated with cytoplasm found in oocytes or early embryos), and RFWD3 (regulates the transition between phases of the mitotic cell cycle). All other prioritized genes also have roles in regulating metabolic pathways or biological processes related to reproduction, such as sperm capacitation, sperm motility, cilium or flagellum-dependent cell motility, mitotic cell cycle phase transition, and RNA endonuclease activity. The enrichment of the functional candidate genes identified highlights that these genes have an important role in the expression of reproduction traits in Nellore cattle. Candidate genes identified in this study can be used as target genes in gene expression studies, which are necessary to validate our findings.

Genome-wide association studies for growth and feed efficiency traits in American mink

The objective of this study was to identify potential genetic variants and positional candidate genes associated with growth and feed efficiency traits in American mink. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed using deregressed estimated breeding values (DEBVs) of 1037 to 1872 individuals (as pseudophenotypes), genotyped with the Affymetrix Mink 70K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. A total of 42 SNPs located on 11 different chromosomes were significantly (FDR<0.01) associated with six growth and feed efficiency traits. Furthermore, 153 genes were identified within 1-Mb windows flanking these significant SNPs. Several positional candidate genes such as TUBB, CDKN1A, SRSF3, GPRC6A, RFX6, and KPNA5 were previously associated with feed efficiency and growth traits in other livestock species. The Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG analyses revealed that these genes were involved in lipid metabolism, hormone signaling and regulation, and muscle development. To our knowledge, this is the first GWAS to identify genetic variants and biological mechanisms associated with growth and feed efficiency traits in American mink. These findings provide a biological foundation for improving these traits using genomic selection programs to select more efficient mink.

Genetic Foundations of Nellore Traits: A Gene Prioritization and Functional Analyses of Genome-Wide Association Study Results.

The main goal of this study was to pinpoint functional candidate genes associated with multiple economically important traits in Nellore cattle. After quality control, 1830 genomic regions sourced from 52 scientific peer-reviewed publications were used in this study. From these, a total of 8569 positional candidate genes were annotated for reproduction, 11,195 for carcass, 5239 for growth, and 3483 for morphological traits, and used in an over-representation analysis. The significant genes (adjusted p-values < 0.05) identified in the over-representation analysis underwent prioritization analyses, and enrichment analysis of the prioritized over-represented candidate genes was performed. The prioritized candidate genes were GFRA4, RFWD3, SERTAD2, KIZ, REM2, and ANKRD34B for reproduction; RFWD3, TMEM120A, MIEF2, FOXRED2, DUSP29, CARHSP1, OBI1, JOSD1, NOP58, and LOXL1-AS1 for the carcass; ANKRD34B and JOSD1 for growth traits; and no genes were prioritized for morphological traits. The functional analysis pinpointed the following genes: KIZ (plays a crucial role in spindle organization, which is essential in forming a robust mitotic centrosome), DUSP29 (involved in muscle cell differentiation), and JOSD1 (involved in protein deubiquitination, thereby improving growth). The enrichment of the functional candidate genes identified in this study highlights that these genes play an important role in the expression of reproduction, carcass, and growth traits in Nellore cattle.

Genome‐wide association analysis of resistance to anthracnose in the Middle American Diversity Panel of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

AbstractAnthracnose (ANTH) caused by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is a major disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The genetic basis of ANTH resistance in the Middle American Diversity Panel (MDP) is unknown. The objectives of this study were to identify (1) Middle American accessions resistant to races 7, 19, 51, 63, 167, and 1085 of C. lindemuthianum and (ii) genomic regions and positional candidate genes associated with resistance to these races. The MDP composed of 240 Middle American accessions was evaluated for resistance to races 7, 19, 51, 63, 167, and 1085. The MDP was genotyped with 211,763 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and mixed linear model analysis was conducted to identify genomic regions associated with resistance to the six races. Seven accessions were highly resistant to all six races, and these can be used as sources of resistance to improve specific market classes in the Middle American gene pool. The genomic region (385,894 bp) on chromosome Pv04 was significantly associated with resistance to race 167. Genomic regions on Pv02 (41,570,325 bp), Pv07 (24,122,343 bp), and Pv11 (51,707,917 bp) were significantly associated with resistance to race 19. Disease resistance (R) genes with the nucleotide binding‐APAF resistance protein and CED‐4 domain were identified as positional candidate genes on Pv04 and Pv11. There were no SNPs significantly associated with resistance to races 7, 51, 63, and 1085. Pyramiding the identified genomic regions on Pv04, Pv07, and Pv11 could provide durable ANTH resistance in Middle American varieties for races 19 and 167.

OS IMPACTOS DAS FAKE NEWS POTENCIALIZADO PELA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NOS RESULTADOS DE CAMPANHAS ELEITORAIS

Considering that innovation technology brings benefits, but also negative impacts on society and human relations, a bibliographic study was carried out with the objective of investigating the influence of the use of artificial intelligence algorithms to disseminate Fake News on public opinion, as well as the their decision-making in the process of choosing candidates for majority positions, which may compromise the integrity of the electoral process. A bibliographic review was carried out on the object of study, based on the systematic reading of scientific articles published and selected through the Google Scholar and SCIELO databases. Furthermore, practical cases were studied in which AI was used to propagate false information in electoral contexts and possible changes in election results, exemplifying the ethical challenges faced in the application of artificial intelligence in electoral contexts, disinformation and political communication. The analysis of the results shows that the case study of recent elections indicates that the use of fake news enhanced by artificial intelligence can induce voters to make mistakes and compromise their freedom of choice in elections, directly influencing ethics and those responsible for the election. use of technological tools in society and in human relations regarding their decision-making power and choice of candidates. Therefore, there is an urgent need for government measures, regulation of social networks and digital platforms to guarantee fairer and more transparent electoral campaigns, preserving democratic integrity.

Signatures of selection in Angus and Hanwoo beef cattle using imputed whole genome sequence data.

In this study, we detected signatures of selection in Hanwoo and Angus beef cattle using allele frequency and haplotype-based methods based on imputed whole genome sequence variants. Our dataset included 13,202 Angus animals with 10,057,633 imputed SNPs and 10,437 Hanwoo animals with 13,241,550 imputed SNPs. The dataset was subset down to 6,873,624 SNPs in common between the two populations to identify within population (runs of homozygosity, extended haplotype homozygosity) and between population signals of selection (allele fixation index, extended haplotype homozygosity). Assuming these selection signals were complementary to each other, they were combined into a decorrelated composite of multiple signals to identify regions under selection for each of the breeds. 27 genomic regions spanning 25.15Mb and harboring 360 genes were identified in Angus on chromosomes 1,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21 and 28. Similarly, in Hanwoo, 59 genes and 17 genomic regions spanning 5.21Mb on chromosomes 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 17, 20 and 24 were identified. Apart from a small region on chromosome 13, there was no major overlap of selection signals between the two breeds reflecting their largely different selection histories, environmental challenges, breeding objectives and breed characteristics. Positional candidate genes identified in selected genomic regions in Angus have been previously associated with growth, immunity, reproductive development, feed efficiency and adaptation to environment while the candidate genes identified in Hanwoo included important genes regulating meat quality, fat deposition, cholesterol metabolism, lipid synthesis, neuronal development, and olfactory reception.

Evaluating genomic inbreeding of two Chinese yak (Bos grunniens) populations

BackgroundYaks are a vital livestock in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau area for providing food products, maintaining sustainable ecosystems, and promoting cultural heritage. Because of uncontrolled mating, it is impossible to estimate inbreeding level of yak populations using the pedigree-based approaches. With the aims to accurately evaluate inbreeding level of two Chinese yak populations (Maiwa and Jiulong), we obtained genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by DNA sequencing and calculated five SNP-by-SNP estimators (\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{HOM}$$\\end{document}, \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{L\\&H}$$\\end{document}, \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{VR1}$$\\end{document}, \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{VR2}$$\\end{document}, and \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{YAN}$$\\end{document}), as well as two segment-based estimators of runs of homozygosity (ROH, \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{ROH}$$\\end{document}) and homozygous-by-descent (HBD, \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{HBD}$$\\end{document}). Functional implications were analyzed for the positional candidate genes located within the related genomic regions.ResultsA total of 151,675 and 190,955 high-quality SNPs were obtained from 71 Maiwa and 30 Jiulong yaks, respectively. Jiulong had greater genetic diversity than Maiwa in terms of allele frequency and nucleotide diversity. The two populations could be genetically distinguished by principal component analysis, with the mean differentiation index (Fst) of 0.0054. The greater genomic inbreeding levels of Maiwa yaks were consistently supported by all five SNP-by-SNP estimators. Based on simple proportion of homozygous SNPs (\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{HOM}$$\\end{document}), a lower inbreeding level was indicated by three successfully sequenced old leather samples that may represent historical Maiwa yaks about five generations ago. There were 3304 ROH detected among all samples, with mean and median length of 1.97 Mb and 1.0 Mb, respectively. A total of 94 HBD segments were found among all samples, whereas 92 of them belonged to the shortest class with the mean length of 10.9 Kb. Based on the estimates of \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{ROH}$$\\end{document} and \\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\:{F}_{HBD}$$\\end{document}, however, there was no difference in inbreeding level between Maiwa and Jiulong yaks. Within the genomic regions with the significant Fst or enriched by ROH, we found several candidate genes and pathways that have been reported to be related to diverse production traits in farm animals.ConclusionsWe successfully evaluated the genomic inbreeding level of two Chinese yak populations. Although different estimators resulted in inconsistent conclusions on their genomic inbreeding levels, our results may be helpful to implement the genetic conservation and utilization programs for the two yak populations.

Co-expression in tissue-specific gene networks links genes in cancer-susceptibility loci to known somatic driver genes

BackgroundThe genetic background of cancer remains complex and challenging to integrate. Many somatic mutations within genes are known to cause and drive cancer, while genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of cancer have revealed many germline risk factors associated with cancer. However, the overlap between known somatic driver genes and positional candidate genes from GWAS loci is surprisingly small. We hypothesised that genes from multiple independent cancer GWAS loci should show tissue-specific co-regulation patterns that converge on cancer-specific driver genes.ResultsWe studied recent well-powered GWAS of breast, prostate, colorectal and skin cancer by estimating co-expression between genes and subsequently prioritising genes that show significant co-expression with genes mapping within susceptibility loci from cancer GWAS. We observed that the prioritised genes were strongly enriched for cancer drivers defined by COSMIC, IntOGen and Dietlein et al. The enrichment of known cancer driver genes was most significant when using co-expression networks derived from non-cancer samples of the relevant tissue of origin.ConclusionWe show how genes within risk loci identified by cancer GWAS can be linked to known cancer driver genes through tissue-specific co-expression networks. This provides an important explanation for why seemingly unrelated sets of genes that harbour either germline risk factors or somatic mutations can eventually cause the same type of disease.

THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESSES. EVIDENCE FROM CORPORATE RECRUITERS

Globalization and the evolution of technology have put a lot of pressure on organizations to transform and update themselves, and there is an upward trend in organizations adapting to technology, especially the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in business. Currently, the hiring process is largely handled by recruiters who review resumes, online profiles, and other sources to find suitable candidates for open positions. As employees have limited skills, keeping up with all the necessary tasks is not an easy task and usually time-consuming for each recruiter. In Romania, AI represents an opportunity that will certainly help the country's economic development. Although Romania does not have an official plan to use this technology, its implementation in the public sector has been put on the agenda of a newly established institution: the Authority for the Digitization of Romania. This paper presents the relationship between AI and recruitment and selection processes. It also presents the view of recruiters from a multinational company in Romania, describing their different perspectives on AI adoption, future and risks associated with AI in recruitment. This paper aims to investigate how AI is implemented in the traditional recruitment process and what would be the implications of having AI in the recruitment of many candidates.

Identification of novel genetic loci and candidate genes for progressive ethanol consumption in diversity outbred mice.

Mouse behavioral genetic mapping studies can identify genomic intervals modulating complex traits under well-controlled environmental conditions and have been used to study ethanol behaviors to aid in understanding genetic risk and the neurobiology of alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, historically such studies have produced large confidence intervals, thus complicating identification of potential causal candidate genes. Diversity Outbred (DO) mice offer the ability to perform high-resolution quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping on a very genetically diverse background, thus facilitating identification of candidate genes. Here, we studied a population of 636 male DO mice with four weeks of intermittent ethanol access via a three-bottle choice procedure, producing a progressive ethanol consumption phenotype. QTL analysis identified 3 significant (Chrs 3, 4, and 12) and 13 suggestive loci for ethanol-drinking behaviors with narrow confidence intervals (1-4 Mbp for significant QTLs). Results suggested that genetic influences on initial versus progressive ethanol consumption were localized to different genomic intervals. A defined set of positional candidate genes were prioritized using haplotype analysis, identified coding polymorphisms, prefrontal cortex transcriptomics data, human GWAS data and prior rodent gene set data for ethanol or other misused substances. These candidates included Car8, the lone gene with a significant cis-eQTL within a Chr 4 QTL for week four ethanol consumption. These results represent the highest-resolution genetic mapping of ethanol consumption behaviors in mice to date, providing identification of novel loci and candidate genes for study in relation to the neurobiology of AUD.