Campaign Materials Research Articles

When do progressive evangelicals mobilize? Intra-denominational competing identities in Chile's constitutional process

AbstractOver the last decade, and throughout the Americas, evangelicals have strongly mobilized in defense of socially conservative agendas or against so-called “gender ideology,” sparking general and academic interest. Much less is known about progressive evangelicals. Using the unique juncture presented by the constitutional process in Chile, we study the politicization of a progressive evangelical identity and ask when these religious groups mobilize. We argue that intra-denominational competition for evangelical identity has played an important role in progressive evangelical mobilization, and more specifically the wish to differentiate themselves from conservative evangelicals, introduce a distance from the political right, and show the internal diversity of the community. This process occurs in response to an initial (conservative) politicization of religion. Drawing on campaign materials, surveys, and interviews, we provide evidence for this argument highlighting that policy preferences and theological interpretations are core differences among both groups, sparking countermobilization.

PRN SABAH 2020: TINJAUAN TERHADAP SENTIMEN PEMBANGUNAN

The 16th Sabah State Assembly took place after the Sabah State Assembly was dissolved on 30 July 2020 and the polling day was set by the EC on 26 September 2020 with 73 state seats contested. Generally, the GeOPES research panel will analyze the findings of studies conducted before, during and after the 16th Sabah PRN. Undeniably, the 16th Sabah PRN has shown interesting political and electoral dynamics in Sabah to study and explore; especially from the aspect of political development, central-state relations, media and political communication, as well as primordial sentiment. In addition, electoral issues are also interesting and have been highlighted by political parties or candidates in the Sabah PRN this time such as development issues, Sabah rights issues, subsistence/poverty issues, local issues as well as national issues as capital to win the support of voters. In the context of media and elections, for example, the medium used to deliver campaign materials, express issues to voters and promote manifesto is usually through mass media (electronics and print), cyber media, talks and posters. Generally, the objective of this panel session was to analyze the political dynamics that color the Sabah PRN 2020, as well as to see the influence or sentiment on the election issues. The research methodology carried out by GeOPES is to combine qualitative and quantitative methods. The data observed and analyzed through a combination of the two (2) methods scientifically can help us to understand the nature and form of Sabah's political dynamics in a more comprehensive Malaysian political environment. Thus, the findings of the 2020 Sabah PRN study by GeOPES can either be symbiosis or antagonist, understanding the political development of Malaysia ahead of the Sarawak PRN as well as the 15th general election.

Local approaches and ineffectivity in reducing stunting in children: A case study of policy in Indonesia

Background: Stunting is a global issue. Indonesia has to cope with this stunting issue very seriously because it has the highest number among Southeast Asian countries and is included in the countries with the highest number of stunting sufferers in the world. One of the important points that requires intervention is to fulfill the nutrition of both the pregnant women and children under the age of five. Policy and implications: The central government has issued the national policy to prevent stunting in children and determined the national and regional parties in charge of the program. The government commitment is shown through the fund allocation arrangement for village development aimed to prevent and overcome stunting. Theoretically, it all seemed to be conducted according to each responsibility of the parties in charge. However, the effort is generally still bureaucratic, in a form of campaign, and has not solved the issue of fulfilling nutrition at the local level. Recommendations: Based on field experience and literature, the goal to reduce stunting significantly will be achievable if local approaches are applied. The local issue on nutrition intake can be intervened specifically by applying local approaches in understanding the community consumption behavior pattern and delivering education on nutrition. The government should abandon a too-generic approach (one-size-fits-all) which has been used so far. Conclusion: Intervention of nutrition intake through local approaches is crucial considering that stunting prevalence is still very high. As the organization for the program to prevent stunting is supported by fund allocation, in the future the government should encourage local intervention efforts through the cooperation with higher education, local non-governmental organisations, or partners that understand local context more on nutrition issues in respective regions. To observe this, stunting prevention in Indonesia should develop more local approaches in campaign material and education to local society.

Trade unions, stigma and legitimacy: A case study about academic wages in British universities

This article applies the concept of legitimacy to reinterpret collective bargaining as a war of words instead of an institutional arrangement of negotiations and power struggles between employers and trade unions. The case study investigates trade union discourse by collecting and analysing campaign materials about academic wages across British universities over 18 years. The results suggest trade unions tried to stigmatize British universities for not engaging in consultation and negotiation; acting with honesty and good faith; or being transparent and equitable. However, none of these management practices puts economic framing at the forefront, which is at odds with financialization and the essence of wages being about money and performance. This article concludes that embracing economics and reducing plurality within trade union discourse may help legitimize academic wages to match economic growth in the sector.

ЖІНКИ НА РИНКУ ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ: СТАТИСТИЧНА ОЦІНКА ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ

Gender equality, restriction of women's rights, protection from violence, financial independence of women are reflected in many programs for the development of society, territories, election and campaign materials. Labor potential is the most dynamic element in the assessment and analysis of economic development in the country. Gender differentiation is a qualitative characteristic of labor potential. The main goal of the article is to assess the labor potential of women in the economy of Ukraine. The tasks of the work are the calculation of gender parity according to a number of analytical indicators, the determination of gender characteristics inherent in the labor market of Ukraine, the study of opportunities and threats to the labor market in terms of equal opportunities for women and men. 7451.4 thousand women had the status of employed in Ukraine in 2021. They provided 42.9% of the employment rate. The employment rate of men was 56.9%. The unemployment rate for women in 2021 was 10.1%, for men – 9.5%. We observe negative trends in the reduction of employment along with the growth of the unemployment rate, which has had a greater impact on the female workforce in recent years. There are a certain number of stereotypes regarding gender professional distribution, in particular, the so-called "male and female professions" "approved" by society. There is a significant quantitative advantage of women in the following professional groups: "Legislators, senior civil servants, leaders, managers (managers)", "Professionals" and "Specialists", "Technical employees" and "Employees of trade and services". Men predominate among the workers. The dynamics of the average wage in the economy of Ukraine by gender for the period 2012–2021 is characterized by a gap in favor of men. This suggests that at the lower levels of grouping of occupations according to the classifier there is a significant advantage of men and, accordingly, a higher level of their remuneration, and requires a detailed separate social study at the level of enterprises and organizations.

English

Effectiveness and compliance to intervention measures that mitigate the spread of COVID-19 has heavily relied on awareness and willingness of the public to adhere to directives. In this study, Behaviour Change Communication (BCC) interventions in response to COVID-19 are analyzed with the aim of identifying opportunities and gaps that can inform ongoing and future efforts. The study focuses on a BCC campaign rolled out between June and October 2020 in select coastal counties of Kenya by the Ministry of Health. The aim is to establish the communication activities undertaken in the campaign as well as analyse the messaging. The study employs a qualitative approach whereby the campaign materials and related documents are subjected to content analysis. Data gathered shows that several key activities were undertaken before, during and after the campaign. Further, the campaign messaging created awareness instructed and persuaded. The analysis concludes that the dissemination of the IEC materials was largely successful. However, within the scope of this study, the impact of the campaign in improving adherence to COVID-19 protection measures and ultimately reduced positive cases cannot be ascertained.   Key words: Behaviour change communication, campaign, case study, content analysis, Covid-19 infection, ministry of health.

Mechanisms by Which Cultural-Centric Narrative Influences Interest in ADRD Research Among African American Adults.

Insufficient ethnoracial diversity is a pervasive challenge in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. The Recruitment Innovations for Diversity Enhancement (RIDE) is grounded in the premise that culturally informed narratives of research participation can inspire individuals from a given culture-sharing group to consider research enrollment. This study examines factors associated with interest in AD research among Black or African American adults following exposure to RIDE narrative campaign materials. A community-based sample of 500 Black or African American adults viewed RIDE narrative materials online and completed a survey of perceptions about research, AD risk, and likelihood of enrolling in AD research. Logistic regression examined predictors and mediators of self-reported likelihood of participating in AD research. Most (72%) participants reported interest in being contacted for AD research opportunities. After controlling for key variables, prior experience with clinical research and trust in medical researchers emerged as independent predictors of likelihood of enrolling in AD research. Perceived burden of AD research partially mediated the effects of prior research experience and trust on likelihood of enrollment. Perceived benefits of AD research also played a mediating role, accounting for over one third of the effect of trust on likelihood of enrollment. This study advances the field's understanding of how narrative may function to enhance diversity in AD research. Findings suggest that participant narratives should address experiences regarding the burdens and potential benefits of AD research participation as these factors may influence decisions leading to subsequent research enrollment.

Comprehension of HIV/AIDS messages in Lesotho

Targeted audiences do not always comprehend HIV/AIDS visual campaigns that are meant toeducate and inform, and thus such campaigns do not result in a positive change in behaviourand attitude. This is possibly ascribable to the inappropriate use of graphic imagery and othervisual elements in many such campaigns. Even though the cost of the ineffective use of graphicimages in information and awareness might be difficult to calculate – especially with regard tohealth-related problems in which lives are involved, – the effectiveness of any visual healthcommunicationmaterial in terms of meaningful learning, comprehension or retention cannevertheless be determined by means of post-testing. In this study, the comprehension of the loveLife outdoor campaign material was thus post-tested amongst 301 subjects from five high schools in both urban and rural areas. The study set outto determine the subjects’ comprehension of both the messages and the graphic imagery andevaluated the material for self-efficacy. The results indicate that suitable graphic imagery fostersmessage comprehension, that inappropriate imagery inhibits comprehension, and that realisticand appropriate imagery is preferred to abstract and representational imagery. In addition, it wasfound that familiar images are a vehicle towards improved comprehension of HIV/AIDS messages.

Parties’ group appeals across time, countries, and communication channels—examining appeals to social groups via the Parties’ Group Appeals Dataset

While policy appeals receive the bulk of scholars’ attention, recent studies show that group appeals are prevalent in parties' election campaign materials to voters over time. Yet, few studies to date focus on group appeals as a distinct concept, and little data is available to support longitudinal and cross-national examinations. Aiming to better understand group-based appeals’ role in political processes, this article introduces new and unique data using a concise definition of group appeals, contributing to this growing literature. The Parties’ Group Appeals Dataset (PGAD) provides text-as-data from manual analyses of 69 parties' names, 249 manifestos, and 2772 print campaign advertisements in Israel and the Netherlands between 1977 and 2015, offering one of the first opportunities to compare parties' group appeals over time, between countries, and across communication channels.

Have you met Angus? Development and evaluation of a social marketing intervention to improve personal flotation device use in commercial fishing

Introduction: Drowning is the leading cause of death among commercial fishermen in the United States. Approximately 30% of all commercial fishing fatalities are attributed to falls overboard. One of the simplest and most affordable ways to prevent these fatalities is for crewmembers to wear personal flotation devices (PFDs) while on deck. An examination of over 200 fatal falls overboard in the U.S. fishing industry revealed that none of the victims were wearing PFDs when they died. PFDs are not required to be worn by commercial fishermen in the United States, so this study was designed to encourage behavior change using targeted health communication and social marketing. Methods: This study developed, implemented, and evaluated a multi-media social marketing campaign featuring a fictitious, culturally-relevant spokesman designed to look, talk, and act like the target audience. The messages were crafted to address common barriers to PFD adoption and misconceptions about fleet-specific risks for fatalities from falls overboard. The campaign was evaluated over two seasons of fishing to look at message retention and intent toward action following exposure to the campaign materials. Results: Survey respondents indicated overall positive opinions about the spokesman and the messages. Results also show a reported change in behavior related to using PFDs while working on deck. Discussion: Targeted multi-media messaging can influence behavior of workers in high-risk occupations in remote locations. Safety message development should focus on occupational culture to create valid and authentic communication products for workers in high-risk industries.

Managing Solid Waste at Isabela State University Cabagan (ISUC) Campus: Current Practices and Unfolding Opportunities

Solid waste is a pressing environmental concern nowadays. Even academic institutions are not exempted on its associated problems. To this end, the practices and implementation schemes of ISUC in addressing the concerns on solid wastes were assessed. Through individual interviews, actual field observations/validations, and desk review of documents, several qualitative data were generated categorized, summarized and analyzed through content analysis. Results show that in so far as solid waste and its management is concern, the following key issues/concerns were identified: absence of an approved long-term SWM Plan; source of funding support for SWM programs; lack of manpower in implementing the SWM programs; no segregation/reduction of wastes at source; collection system needs to be revisited/changed; open burning and littering of wastes; recovery facilities need improvement; functionality of SWM equipment; and IEC campaign materials. In terms of SWM initiatives, the campus has existing institutional arrangements on dealing with solid wastes concerns. It also has various equipment and manpower to cater the needs for SWM. Source reduction and segregation-at-source are also given attention including collection system but not fully functional/operational. There are also existing recycling initiatives and marketing of recyclables/saleable materials. As to disposal, the special/hazardous wastes from laboratory and health offices are stored in the septic vault beside the campus’ Centralized Materials Recovery Facility. In addition, scientific studies were conducted vis-à-vis SWM. However, complementary activities need to be made in place which include: strengthening IEC campaigns; attendance to SWM capacity-building programs; and the adoption of a comprehensive campus-based SWM Framework

The Discrepancy Between the Grassroots Media in Malaysia and Korea

The term “citizen journalism” refers to grass-roots media. The focus of this essay is mostly on the similarities and differences between Malaysian and Korean media. A crucial component of grassroots media is the ability of individuals to express their political beliefs in a democratic online environment. This article discusses how grassroots media has made it feasible for individuals to take part in politics with the aid of contemporary internet networks and digital technologies. Because of how widely the internet is used, journalism at the grassroots level has developed into a rare method of news delivery and collection. Political parties and their social media specialists' sharing of official campaign materials is just one aspect of grassroots journalism. Additionally, it concerns the dissemination and sharing of Facebook material that users share with their friends and family.

How to be Great (Britain)? Discourses of Greatness in the United Kingdom’s Referendums on Europe

Abstract This article analyses the discursive constitution and contestation of British ‘greatness’ during the campaigns for the 1975 referendum on UK membership of the European Communities and the 2016 referendum on membership of the European Union. It finds that ideas about British greatness formed a central part of the discourse on Britain’s role in the world on both sides in each campaign, joining recent literature on Brexit challenging the view that greatness has been primarily a right-wing preoccupation. By demonstrating the existence of distinct yet overlapping discourses of greatness, the article also adds nuance to accounts of the centrality of greatness to British foreign policy identity. The article employs a discourse-theoretical approach to uncover the central discursive ‘nodal points’ and the ‘floating signifiers’ of greatness claimed by each side. Empirically, it draws on a collection of campaign materials from both referendums.

A Processual Model of CEO Activism: Activities, Frames, and Phases

Chief executive officers (CEOs) engage in activism when they take public stances on sensitive socio-political issues. In this study, we address the less-explored activities that constitute CEO activism beyond single stances as the activism is maintained over time. The data cover 6 years of campaign and media materials from a case company with several CEO-initiated activist campaigns. Our findings from an inductive analysis contribute to CEO activism theorizing in three ways. First, we extend CEO activism conceptually by identifying five underlying activities that support a public stance: anchoring motivations, modeling action, taking agency, enduring criticism, and normalizing activism. Second, we bridge individual- and organization-level analyses by depicting how a CEO involves a company in activism through activities that justify interrelated topic frame and role frame. Third, we develop a processual model that includes the pre-stance, stance-taking, and post-stance phases and explains how the underlying activities are interrelated and follow a pattern that serves to maintain CEO activism. Accordingly, CEO activism includes activities, through the pre-stance, stance-taking, and post-stance phases, whereby a CEO deliberately engages personally and through a company in public debate about sensitive socio-political issues and the role of businesses in addressing them.

Humour Against Binge Drinking During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cartoon-Based Anti-Alcohol Health Campaign Targeting Women-Who-Have-Sex-With-Women

This study focuses on the role of humour in health and well-being of women-who-have-sex-with-women (WSW) during COVID-19. This group has been shown to be vulnerable to alcohol abuse, especially as self-medication coping with social consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the potential usefulness of WSW-inclusive (i.e., depicting a female-female romantic couple) versus hetero-normative (i.e., depicting a male-female romantic couple) humorous cartoons in an anti-alcohol health campaign against excessive drinking among WSW. One-hundred-and-twenty-seven self-categorized WSW of diverse genders (woman, non-binary) and sexual orientations (e.g., lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, queer, heterosexual) participated in a 2 × 2 factorial between-participants design. Data were collected during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic in The Netherlands. Humorous cartoons explicitly referring to lockdown measures systematically varied the humour subject (punchline about excessive drinking versus staying sober) and the couple (male-female, female-female) that were depicted. Although the (very brief) health message did not influence binge drinking determinants, the humorous health campaign depicting a female-female couple was perceived as more inclusive and evoked more amusement and less anger than when the cartoons depicted a male-female couple. High WSW identifiers were less amused about the health campaign text (but not the cartoons), less likely to share campaign materials offline (but not online), and had more positive binge drinking attitudes but lower binge drinking intentions than low identifiers. Implications are discussed.

LEGAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE NEUTRALITY VIOLATION OF THE STATE CIVIL APPARATUS (ASN) IN SIMULTANEOUS REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS (CASE STUDY IN SRAGEN REGENCY)

<p><em>The State Civil Apparatus (ASN) role is crucial to carry out government affairs within the framework of achieving national goals. In carrying out these duties as a state apparatus, they must provide services to the community in a professional, honest, fair, and equitable manner in carrying out state, government, and development tasks.</em><em> ASN must be neutral from the influence of all political groups and parties and not discriminate in providing services to the community. In 2015, Sragen Regency participated in celebrating the democratic party, namely the simultaneous election of regional heads and deputy regional heads on December 9, 2015. The Panwaslu (Election Supervisory Committee) of Sragen Regency found and received reports that many ASNs were not neutral. The Panwaslu report reached KASN, and several cases were left without follow-up handling and seemed to evaporate. This study uses qualitative research methods to obtain facts regarding the problem of ASN neutrality in the Sragen Regency in the 2015 simultaneous regional elections. The unit of analysis in this research is the Panwaslu of Sragen Regency and the Education and Training Personnel Agency (BKPP) of Sragen Regency. Data collection techniques used are in-depth interviews and documentation to complete the data in this study. ASN violations occurred before the campaign period and during the campaign period. The number of ASN is not neutral by attending campaigns, other stage activities, and providing campaign materials using state facilities such as office buildings and ASN official vehicles. Of course, the involvement and alignment of ASN in the 2015 Regional Head Elections is due to the incumbent candidate. The Sragen Regency Government, namely the Sragen Regent, should give sanctions or disciplinary punishments to ASN who are not neutral in following the existing laws and regulations. The Sragen Regent should be more firm in responding to this non-neutral ASN case. Legal arrangements are needed to handle ASN Neutrality violations in the General Election and Simultaneous Regional Head Elections.</em></p>

Using Social Media to Political Campaign in Regional Head Election East Luwu Regency

This type of research is a qualitative research using a descriptive type of approach. Sources of data obtained from primary data and secondary data through observation, interviews, documentation and literature study. The informants in this study consisted of 8 people consisting of the elected Regent, the party carrying the candidate, the candidate winning team and voters based on age category who were the people of East Luwu Regency. and data analysis through data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results of this study indicate four (4) indicators in the Political Campaign Strategy in the 2020 Elected Regent Network in East Luwu Regency, namely: First, the determination of communicators, the determination of communicators as directors of campaign activities in the network based on the results of joint decisions of candidates, winning teams and supporting parties who appoint Golkar party legislators as communicators at the 2020 East Luwu election. Second, Set the target target, namely the community as voters in the 2020 Luwu Timu election which is divided into several segments such as region, age, and occupation to facilitate the communication process in building support for candidates. Third, compiling messages, information related to the vision and mission, superior programs, as well as the image of the Husler-Budiman pair which are campaign materials to be conveyed to the public as voters in the 2020 East Luwu election. the winning team established social media accounts for campaign activities. Likewise, the use of online news to improve the candidate's image and the installation of billboards and distribution of campaign brochures.

Picturing Development: Outdoor Campaign Materials during the 2019 General Election in India

The paper engages with the world of outdoor election campaign materials (posters, banners and billboards) and their ways of establishing developmental truths during India’s general election of 2019. Offering a content analysis as well as their discursive production, the paper seeks to understand how these materials commissioned by the Biju Janata Dal (BJD) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) are loaded with development metaphors even while differing from each other in the conception and delivery of development. Contrary to the commonly held belief that posters and banners are the prehistory of election campaigning, it is proposed that they are more democratic and participatory, and so a treasure trove of developmental meaning-making. Going beyond the delivery of messages through the textual and pictorial elements of visual materials, it is also proposed that their presence and abundance signify in ways not easily appreciated.

LEGAL ASPECTS OF DIRECT APPOINTMENT OF PROCUREMENT OF MATERIALS FOR THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN OF THE REGENCY OF THE REGENT AND THE DEPUTY REGENT IN MALINAU IN 2015

The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the arrangements regarding the procurement of campaign materials, when tenders generally fail to be carried out and to analyze direct appointments in the procurement of campaign materials for the election of the Regent and Deputy Regent in Malinau in 2015 has met the general principles of good governance. Elections for Regional Heads and Deputy Regional Heads which are currently being held through simultaneous regional elections in 2015 have changed the face of implementing democracy at the regional level. By directly electing regional leaders, the people are given the opportunity to determine who is the policy maker in their region, at the same time every citizen is given the right to run as a policy maker. In this study, the researcher used a juridical-normative approach by analyzing legal principles in which the researcher tried to focus on legal studies and their prevailing principles in society and then described the existing phenomena and analyzed them systematically. The results of this research show that the Malinau KPU has conducted two bidding but failed, so direct appointment was made, this action has met the principles and norms of the prevailing law.

Euroscepticism, Anti‐Nostalgic Nostalgia and the Past Perfect Post‐Brexit Future

AbstractWhile extant work on British Euroscepticism has highlighted vestiges of historical empire imaginaries in discourses opposing EU integration, the emotional dynamics of such frames remain curiously underexplored. The diluted quality of these Eurosceptic histories, with their distinctive interplay of past and future, has led some to reject their nostalgic emotional credentials altogether. This article challenges such assumptions of emotional absence through a qualitative discourse analysis of the 2016 EU referendum Vote Leave campaign's materials, and interviews with 13 former campaigners. By unpacking Vote Leave's preference for an anti‐nostalgic form of empire nostalgia, central to its vision of a past perfect post‐Brexit future, this analysis contributes primarily to literatures on British Euroscepticism and Brexit, revealing the counterintuitive nostalgic politics and persistent cultural appeal of ostensibly forward‐looking discursive stances. The analysis also has broader relevance, particularly for advocates of an ‘emotional turn’ in EU Studies and scholars investigating escalating nationalisms beyond Britain.