Callback Service Research Articles

Grow Kisan: E-Agriculture App

Abstract: Web apps and services facilitate information, communication, entertainment, and leisure. Web apps have ushered in a new era. In India, information and communication technology (ICT) in agriculture is a relatively new subject aimed at increasing agricultural and rural output. It entails the development of novel ICT-based rural applications. Farmers can benefit from ICT innovation by receiving timely and accurate information and services, resulting in a more productive agricultural climate.This study offers a web-based tool for farmers that will help them with their agricultural tasks while also keeping them informed about new government programmes. “Grow Kisan” is a service that gives agriculture-related information to Indian farmers in rural areas who face financial and connectivity challenges. The concept makes use of existing government services and mobile services to deliver a solution to the current situation with the least amount of cost to the farmer. The application system provides customers with all of the information that is relevant for their own land, searches, on-line crop management, statistic profit summaries, a statistical summary of their land by cultivating a specific crop, and the FAO recommendation not to use water, but to use fertilisation to increase productivity; "Fertilization" With GPS and Web methods, the system allows effective land management, monitoring, and data supply. The device's interface is more "image-based" than "word based," whereby even analphabets will comprehend and utilise it. The initiative focuses largely on small landowners, who truly may do miracles if specific instructions are supplied for effective land management and knowledge on the crops most appropriate for their territory. Not only will the initiative offer the smallholder with a free callback service, but also some films and soundtracks to show how things are to be accomplished in the country. The most essential component is video conferencing since farmers may ask through video and demonstrate whether they have a problem with crops and soil. For example, how to apply a certain herbicide and how to seed the soil for improved production, etc. A mobile cloud service for responding to Tomato Diseases is a voice-based response technique (VBAT) that is designed for farmers to receive voice queries in their natural language utilising the keyboard for the use of mic or text inquiries. Via speech and text the user will get the appropriate responses. India's cellular subscribers are 900 million. Keywords: E-Agriculture, Crop information, E-commerce, weather prediction, Agro - assistant.

An Interventional Call-Back Service to Improve Appropriate Use of Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies.

Pharmacists play a key role in tackling antibiotic misuse through counseling and education of patients and healthcare providers. The study aim is to evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions in community pharmacy settings while implementing an interventional call-back service to assess adherence and symptom resolution among patients prescribed an antibiotic. Patients were recruited by community pharmacists who were assigned to either the call-back, structured counseling, or standard care arms. Patients in the call-back group received intensive antibiotic counseling and a phone call from the study pharmacist 3 to 5 days after antibiotic initiation. The counseling arm patients received intensive antibiotic counseling from the study pharmacist while patients in the standard care arm received routine care. Antibiotic adherence rates among the standard care (n = 25), counseling (n = 29), and call-back (n = 26) groups were 64%, 86.2%, and 88.5%, respectively (X2 = 5.862, p = 0.053). Symptom severity scores after completion of antibiotic treatment among all groups were rated as excellent. Twenty-nine percent of the outpatient antibiotic prescriptions were deemed as inappropriate. A pharmacist call-back service is a simple and inexpensive intervention which can effectively identify opportunities for improving appropriate antibiotic use, particularly with respect to adherence.

Research on capacity planning of thermal power units in deep peak regulation auxiliary service

Deep peak regulation service is an important transaction type in China’s power auxiliary service. The thermal power units’ participation in the quotation decision of deep peak regulation auxiliary service is related to their own benefits and the smooth operation of the whole deep peak regulation auxiliary service system. In order to study the influence of capacity planning of thermal power units on the transaction income and market equilibrium of market players in deep peak regulation, this paper builds static models of thermal power units participating in deep regulation transactions with complete information and incomplete information based on game theory and virtual game opponent analysis method, and gives the solution method of game equilibrium. In addition, based on the depth of the province peak shaving auxiliary services related data to do the game model of case analysis, obtained in the condition of incomplete information static equilibrium in depth peakload auxiliary services unit the best boot output range and corresponding interval unit best deep callback service decisions, in this paper, the rationality of the model and its equilibrium solution is verified, It is hoped that the research of this paper has some reference value for the capacity planning decision of thermal power units participating in depth peak regulation.

Call me, later! Patients’ experiences of Swedish healthcare call-back services and access to healthcare

Objective: Despite the wide use of telephone call-back services in Swedish healthcare, there has been little research on how it affects patients. This study explores individual experiences of a call-back service, concentrating on barriers to healthcare, and healthcare-seeking behavior.Methods: The study was conducted at Angered Hospital and Angered Primary Care Rehabilitation Center in Gothenburg, Sweden. Ten informants, 28-82 years old, who had used the call-back service participated in interviews about their experience of the call-back service. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data from the interviews.Results: Three themes were identified in the analysis: (1) features and functions of the call-back service; (2) the call-back service as a barrier to or facilitator of healthcare; and (3) adjustments to the call-back service. Most informants were content with the call-back function. Negative experiences were related to language difficulties and the length of time allowed during the phone call. Lack of available appointments and telephone access were problems reported. Informants suggested a longer time frame for calls, longer opening hours regarding telephone access, more language and voicemail options, and the possibility of speaking to a person.Conclusions: Informants in this study mostly had a positive impression of seeking healthcare using call-back services. Barriers related to language and time frame for calls could be explored in larger studies. The results from this explorative study suggests that a combination of approaches – with other options added to the call-back services - might increase equal access to health care. The use and effects of call-back services warrant further investigation.

The design and implementation of SIP-B2BUA and its applications

For the special telephone communication needs of broadcast and TV, we discuss how to implement diversiform services in VoIP systems based on Session Initiation Protocol SIP. A new method based on SIP-B2BUA is proposed and then we implement it. First, a B2BUA component is designed and implemented. The component not only can do the basic functions of a B2BUA, but also has a smart dial-plan and an API of application modules. Second, it is discussed that the B2BUA call-processing ability extends for more diversiform services by the dial-plan smartly and application modules. The diversiform service includes callback service, Auto Call Distribution ACD and other call features of IP-PBX. Finally, we draw the general way out to implement diversiform services based on the B2BUA component.

The cost–effectiveness of call-back counselling for smoking cessation

ObjectiveTo assess the cost–effectiveness of the Quitline, a call-back counselling service for smoking cessation, in the states of Queensland, Western Australia and the Northern Territory.MethodsA cost–effectiveness analysis using a deterministic...

Charity launches staff-led callback service for newly identified cases

Charity launches staff-led callback service for newly identified cases

A context management framework for context‐aware applications in mobile spaces

PurposeThe rapid proliferation of mobile context aware applications has resulted in an increased research interest towards developing specialized context data management strategies for mobile entities. The purpose of this paper is to aim to develop a new way to model mobile entities and manage their contexts accordingly.Design/methodology/approachThis paper proposes the concept of “Mobile Space” to model mobile entities and presents strategies to manage the various contexts associated therein. To handle availability related issues, two system services are designed: the “Availability Updating Service” which is an identifier based mechanism and is designed to keep track of mobile objects and handle availability related issues, and the “Application Callback Service” which is a publish/subscribe based mechanism to handle application disruptions and interruptions arising due to mobility.FindingsThe paper presents a detailed study of the proposed framework and a description of the underlying services and the components therein to validate the framework. Experimental results carried out in WiFi and 3G environments indicate that the proposed techniques can support mobile applications and minimize application disruptions with minimal overhead.Originality/valueThe proposed context management framework is generic in nature and is not designed for a specific class of applications. Any mobile context aware application can leverage on the framework and utilize the provided functionalities to manage application disruptions. Also, the decoupling of mobile application layer and the underlying context data management layer renders context data management layer transparent to the application design.

Helping smokers with depression to quit smoking: collaborative care with Quitline

To report smokers' evaluations and uptake of Quitline-doctor comanagement of smoking cessation and depression, a key component of the Victorian Quitline's tailored call-back service for smokers with a history of depression and to explore its relationship to quitting success. Prospective study followed Quitline clients disclosing doctor-diagnosed depression (n=227). Measures were taken at baseline (following initial Quitline call), posttreatment (2months) and 6months from recruitment (77% and 70% response rates, respectively). Uptake of comanagement (initiated by fax-referral to Quitline), making a quit attempt (quit for 24hours), sustained cessation (>4months at 6-month follow-up). At 2-month follow-up, 83% thought it was a good idea to involve their doctor in their quit attempt, 74% had discussed quitting with their doctor, and 43% had received comanagement. In all, 72% made a quit attempt, 37% and 33% were abstinent posttreatment and at 6months, respectively, and 20% achieved sustained cessation. Among participants who discussed quitting with their doctor, those receiving comanagement were more likely to make a quit attempt than those who did not receive comanagement (78% v 63%). Participants with comanagement also received more Quitline calls (mean 4.6v 3.1) - a predictor of sustained cessation. Exacerbation of depression between baseline and 6months was reported by 18% of participants but was not related to cessation outcome. Quitline-doctor comanagement of smoking cessation and depression is workable, is valued by smokers, and increases the probability of quit attempts. Smoking cessation did not increase the risk of exacerbation of depression.

A callback mechanism for Private Telecommunications Networks

Private Telecommunications Networks (PTNs), such as enterprise telephony and Voice over IP (VoIP), have been widely deployed. A common limitation of PTNs is that PTN users are usually not assigned with Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) E.164 numbers. A PTN user is usually identified by an extension number or a URI (universal resource identifier). When a PTN user initiates a call to a PSTN user, it is not possible to use the PTN calling party’s identifier as the caller ID; instead, an E.164 number of the PBX or VoIP gateway is used. As a result, the PSTN called party cannot use the caller ID received to call back to the PTN calling party later, if the PTN user’s extension number or URI is unknown. This paper proposes a callback table approach to solve this problem. We describe how the call-out information is stored into and retrieved from a callback table maintained in the PBXs or VoIP gateways to provide callback service. Numeric analysis has been performed to evaluate the performance of this callback solution. The numeric results indicate that the callback method provides a satisfactory solution when there is sufficient voice traffic served by a VoIP gateway.

SIP 기반의 VoIP 시스템에서의 확장된 자동 콜백 서비스의 구현

On the internet phone or PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network), the automatic callback is an useful service in the case of busy state when one user calls the other. By using this service, automatic redial is possible when the other party hangs up. However, in the basic automatic callback service, the user who wants callback should wait until the other party hangs up even in the case of emergency. Therefore in this paper, to solve this problem we have extended CPL(Call Processing Language) and, within user system we have included and linked this extended CPL processing module and dialog event package which processes SIP INVITE initiated dialog state informations. We have implemented this system for being used in SIP(Session Initiation Protocol)-based VoIP(Voice over IP) system.

On Customer Contact Centers with a Call-Back Option: Customer Decisions, Routing Rules, and System Design

Organizations worldwide use contact centers as an important channel of communication and transaction with their customers. This paper describes a contact center with two channels, one for real-time telephone service, and another for a postponed call-back service offered with a guarantee on the maximum delay until a reply is received. Customers are sensitive to both real-time and call-back delay and their behavior is captured through a probabilistic choice model. The dynamics of the system are modeled as an M/M/N multiclass system. We rigorously justify that as the number of agents increases, the system's load approaches its maximum processing capacity. Based on this observation, we perform an asymptotic analysis in the many-server, heavy traffic regime to find an asymptotically optimal routing rule, characterize the unique equilibrium regime of the system, approximate the system performance, and finally, propose a staffing rule that picks the minimum number of agents that satisfies a set of operational constraints on the performance of the system.

Implementation of a telephone callback service for ambulatory oncology patients

Introduction. A pilot project was established at the Cross Cancer Institute pharmacy to assess the feasibility of implementing a patient callback program to determine which patients would benefit from a callback and the impact a callback service would have on the workload of the pharmacy department. Program description/development/implementation/evaluation. A pharmacy student conducted the pilot project over a 14-week time period. Four categories of patients were selected for inclusion in the pilot. The student approached patients at the time of medication pick-up to receive verbal permission to be included in the callback program. A standardized callback form was utilized to record medication information and any recommendations made. Data were collected on the numbers of patients in each category with questions or concerns as this was felt to be indicative of patients who would most benefit from a callback. The total time spent making the telephone calls was recorded. Over the eight-week period, 530.5 minutes were spent making the telephone calls with the average length of call being 3.27 minutes. Discussion/conclusion. The student researcher proposed that three patient groups would benefit from receiving a callback: new patients or patients on new medications; elderly patients; and patients with specific disease-drug combinations. The project also provided an estimate of pharmacist time required to implement such a service and it was concluded that implementation could occur with minimal disruption to workflow.

On the Economics of Callback Services

This paper investigates the economic effects of callback services, an issue which has previously brought much disputes and conflicts. Whereas the existence of callback services has been attributed to a rate disparity between countries, we show that it can arise either from the inefficiency of domestic markets or from the accounting rate which is far from cost-based. Although callback service is an inefficient means of utilizing resources, its introduction may lead the international telephony markets in an efficient direction when inefficiencies exist in the market. It also helps us understand why conflicts occur among the agents with respect to the legitimacy of callback services by comparing the international telephony markets before and after the introduction of callback services.

Using call-back to demonstrate the discriminatory nature of the proportionate return rule

The paper shows that the impact of a call-back service on the financial position of the monopolists in the countries where call-back service is offered, will in many cases be positive. The explanation for this result is found by observing cost and revenue streams, and by taking note of the various elasticities and feedback effects when ever there is an increase in traffic. For carriers selling call-back minutes to service providers, it is the proportionate return rule that provides then with a major, and perhaps the main source of profit on the call-back minutes they sell. The rule provides for the transfer of incoming IDD minutes and the associated hugely profitable settlement credits, from the other competing carriers, to the carrier selling call-back minutes. In this regard, the rule is not even-handed. The higher the market share of the carrier selling call-back minutes, the less well they do under the rule, so much so that under some circumstances a carrier selling call-back minutes at an apparent profit, would actually suffer losses on those minutes.