Cadaveric Dissection Research Articles

The anatomical description of the pericruciate fat pad (PCFP) – a brief report of cadaveric dissection

Introduction. Fat pads of the human knee joint are relatively well-known structures except for the pericruciate fat pad (PCFP). Aim. The study aimed to describe (1) the anatomy of the pericruciate fat pad (PCFP) and (2) its relation to the middle genicular artery (MGA). Materials and methods. Four male cadaveric lower limbs were dissected. PCFP was excised, and its horizontal and vertical lengths and volume were measured. The presence of MGA was assessed, and its internal diameter was registered. Results. PCFP was located in the intercondylar fossa. Its superior, inferior, medial&lateral and posterior borders were the intercondylar roof, tibial plateau, femoral condyles, and posterior knee capsule, respectively. The anterior part of the PCFP enveloped the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). PCFP had a homogenous appearance of adipose tissue with small lobules. It was connected to the PCL with a fibrous process. The mean horizontal&vertical length and volume were 56.85±3.4 mm (range 52.1-60.2 mm), 42.8±5.8 mm (range 34.2-46.1 mm) and 43.75±4.79 ml (range 40-50 ml), respectively. The MGA penetrated the PCFP in all four examined limbs; its mean diameter was 1.18±0.33 mm (range 0.8-1.55 mm). Conclusions. PCFP is a relatively large structure, with MGA present within all examined cases. Care must be taken when performing surgeries involving the posterior intra-articular part of the knee because the PCFP may present an underestimated potential for oedema and bleeding.

THIRD HEAD OF BICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE AND ITS CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: A CASE STUDY

The Biceps brachii muscle belongs to the flexor group of muscles in the arm. As Biceps brachii is double headed muscle. It is one of the known variable muscles of the human body in terms of number and morphology. The third head of the biceps brachii muscle was identified bilaterally in an 84-year-old male cadaver during routine human cadaveric dissection for the purpose of education and learning of medical undergraduates in Department of Rachana Sharir, National Institute of Ayurveda, deemed to be university, Jaipur. Normally the Biceps brachii muscle has two heads i.e. Long and short head. In present cadaveric study third head of bicep brachii muscle has been identified while doing routine dissection for undergraduate scholars. The fleshy proximal attachment on lower 1/3 of anterior surface of shaft of humerus has been identified. It has been origin ate along with the superior part of the Brachialis and inserted into the bicipital aponeurosis, and deep to the long and short heads of the Biceps. This third head is supplied by a branch of the musculocutaneous nerve. The third head of biceps brachii may be an incidental finding at autopsy or during routine anatomical dissections. Unless symptomatic, the third head of biceps brachii may not be detected in clinical studies. Variant of biceps brachii may confuse a surgeon who performs procedures on the arm and may lead to iatrogenic injuries. The surgeons and traumatologists have to keep such muscular variations in mind. So, the knowledge of the existence of its variation is important for anesthetists and surgeons.

An Assessment of Student's Perception of Learning Anatomy and Virtual Tools among Bangladeshi Medical Undergraduates

Introduction: The rapid advancement of virtual tools in medical education has led to a debate on the most effective methods for teaching anatomy to medical students. This study aimed to assess the perceptions of first-year medical students in Bangladesh regarding traditional cadaveric and modern virtual methods in anatomy education. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted among 110 first-year medical students from two medical colleges in Dhaka, Bangladesh. A pre-tested, open-ended questionnaire was administered to collect data on demographic characteristics, student preferences in anatomy learning, and their level of agreement on the use of traditional and virtual methods. Non-parametric statistical tests were performed to evaluate score differences between teaching methods. Result: The study revealed a strong preference for a blended approach, integrating both cadaveric and virtual methods. Cadaveric methods were predominantly favored for tasks requiring a deep understanding of anatomical structures (76.36%), while virtual methods were preferred for understanding the anatomical basis of functional consequences (60.91%). A significant number of students strongly agreed that cadaveric dissection is vital in anatomy learning (29.09%). Conclusion: The study suggests that both traditional cadaveric and modern virtual methods have unique strengths and weaknesses in anatomy education. A blended approach, integrating both methods, could offer the most comprehensive learning experience for students. The findings have implications for curriculum designers, educators, and policymakers in medical education.

Absence of musculocutaneous nerve associated with the presence of an accessory head of the biceps brachii muscle: report of a bilateral case and its clinical implications

The anatomical variants of the biceps brachii muscle (BBM) are frequent, mostly unilaterally than bilaterally, and are associated with supernumerary muscle bellies, the total absence of the muscle or one of its heads, and variations in the points of origin and insertion. In the same way, the variants of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) can include alterations in its course, number of branches, or anatomical relations, whereas its absence is considered an atypical variation. The aim of this work was to report the absence of musculocutaneous nerve associated with the presence of one accessory head of the biceps brachii muscle. Dissection of a female cadaver, fixed in 10% buffered formaldehyde, which did not present previous surgeries in the studied area was performed. Variations were noted in both upper limbs related to accessory muscle bellies and change in innervation. Anatomical relations of muscles and nerves were determined by following proximal to distal ends, relation, vascularization, and innervation pattern. The absence of MCN associated with the presence of one accessory head of the BBM were found bilaterally. These anatomical variations are atypical. Clinically, these variations can produce compressive symptoms that could generate confusing diagnostics and conduce to unnecessary procedures on the arm, inducing iatrogenic actions.

Learner Preference on the Teaching Modalities in Musculoskeletal Anatomy in the New Normal: A Cross-sectional Study Comparing Dissection Educational Videos and Self-directed Manual to Proctor-assisted Cadaver Dissection.

The COVID-19 pandemic affected all medical education because of the suspension of face-to-face learning and stringent protocols. Various methods of teaching were introduced to augment anatomical learning. As we enter the transition period and loosening of protocols for face-to-face learning, we want to know if these modes of teaching are still preferred and suitable or the traditional proctor-assisted dissection is preferable among first year medical students. This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited first-year medical students currently enrolled at the University of the Philippines College of Medicine during the Department of Anatomy Learning Enhancement Program (LEAP) from June 13-17, 2022. One station caters to musculoskeletal anatomy. The musculoskeletal station is further divided into four mini stations: a prosected lower extremity cadaver with labels of must know anatomic structures for the proctor-assisted cadaver dissection; a prosected lower extremity with a self-directed manual for the students to follow; a large screen television for the dissection educational videos focusing on the shoulder girdle; and lastly, skeletons for osteology. Thirty minutes were allotted per sub-station in the musculoskeletal station of LEAP. After completing the station, the students were provided with evaluation forms and a 30-item survey to determine the preferred teaching modality in musculoskeletal anatomy. A total of 145 students out of the 178 students participated and answered the survey and evaluation form. Ninety-nine percent of the students rated the proctor-assisted dissection station great and excellent (13% and 86%, respectively) and that 86% of the students preferred proctor-assisted dissection among the teaching modalities. Additionally, 89% (46% strongly disagreed and 43% disagreed) and 83% (55% strongly disagreed and 28% disagreed) of the students disagreed that they prefer self-directed module or dissection educational videos over traditional dissection, respectively. Most of the students also agreed that the inability of face-to-face dissection will affect their medical education (35% agreed and 64% strongly agreed) and majority of them thinks that cadaver dissection is vital in their medical education and towards becoming a doctor (14% agreed, 86% strongly agreed). With the plethora of teaching modalities introduced during the pandemic, medical students still preferred the traditional proctor-assisted dissection. However, they see the value of the other teaching modalities as an added armamentarium in enhancing anatomical knowledge.

Perceptions on the Use of Dissection Videos in Learning Gastrointestinal Anatomy among Medical Students.

Lockdowns due to COVID-19 pandemic led to a shift to online learning in the University of the Philippines-College of Medicine. The study of gross anatomy is difficult in itself but was compounded by the lack of cadaveric dissection. To bridge this learning gap, medical students had a limited face-to-face activity with cadaveric prosection. As a supplement, dissection videos on gastrointestinal anatomy were viewed prior to the activity. This study aimed to determine the perceptions and experiences of students on the use of dissection videos. We described the perceptions of students on the dissection videos based on their evaluation form responses after rotating in the OS 206 course module on gastrointestinal anatomy. A 5-item evaluation form was rated using a 4-point Likert scale. Categorical variables were described by frequency and percentages using Microsoft Excel. A large majority (97% to 99%) strongly agreed that the videos were easy to access and had good audio-video quality. Around 68%-70% strongly agreed that the videos enhanced their understanding and made their learning experience pleasant and enjoyable. Around 70% would recommend the videos to fellow students. Only a few (<3%) had negative perceptions on the videos. Dissection videos on gastrointestinal anatomy prior to cadaveric prosection laboratory sessions were perceived by medical students as accessible, good quality, and helpful aids in the study of gross anatomy.

Combined endoscopic endonasal and transcranial approach for internal carotid artery aneurysms: usefulness and safety of endonasal proximal control.

It is necessary to secure both the proximal and distal sides of the parent artery to prevent premature rupture when clipping cerebral aneurysms. Herein, we describe four cases in which the proximal internal carotid artery (ICA), affected by a paraclinoid aneurysm, was secured using an endoscopic endonasal approach. We used various tools, including a surgical video, cadaver dissection picture, artist's illustration, and intraoperative photographs, to elucidate the process. No patient experienced postoperative complications at our institution. Compared to the cervical or cavernous ICA, the ICA adjacent to the clivus (paraclival ICA) can be anatomically safely and easily exposed using an endoscopic endonasal approach because there is no need to consider cerebrospinal fluid leakage or hemorrhage from the cavernous sinus. Securing the proximal side of the parent artery using an endoscopic endonasal approach may be a viable method for clipping selected ICA aneurysms, such as paraclinoid aneurysms especially for upward or outward aneurysms of the C2 portion.

Anterior Petrosectomy With Intertentorial Approach.

The extradural anterior petrosal approach (EAPA) can present a challenge because it deals with critical structures in a narrow, confined corridor. It is associated with several potential approach-related risks including temporal lobe and venous injuries. Tentorial peeling has the potential to largely eliminate these risks during the approach and may offer more options for tailoring the dural opening to the anatomic region that one wants to expose. Anatomic dissections of five adult injected non-formalin-fixed cadaveric heads were performed. Anterior petrosectomy with intertentorial approach (APIA) through a tentorial peeling was completed. Step-by-step documentation of the cadaveric dissections and diagrammatic representations are presented along with an illustrative case. Tentorial peeling separates the tentorium into a temporal tentorial leaf and posterior fossa tentorial leaf, adding a fourth dural layer to the three classic ones described during a standard EAPA. This opens out the intertentorial space and offers more options for tailoring the dural incisions specific to the pathology being treated. This represents a unique possibility to address brainstem or skull base pathology along the mid- and upper clivus with the ability to keep the entire temporal lobe and basal temporal veins covered by the temporal tentorial leaf. The APIA was successfully used for the resection of a large clival chordoma in the illustrative case. APIA is an interesting modification to the classic EAPA to reduce the approach-related morbidity. The risk reduction achieved is by eliminating the exposure of the temporal lobe while maintaining the excellent access to the petroclival region. It also provides several options to tailor the durotomies based on the localization of the lesion.

Variant origins of the middle colic artery from the coeliac trunk and its branches.

The middle colic artery usually arises from the superior mesenteric artery, but in rare cases it may arise from the coeliac trunk or its branches. The aim of this study was to investigate variant origins of the middle colic artery on computed tomography and anatomical dissection. Variant middle colic arteries were identified on computed tomography as part of an ongoing study investigating anatomical variations of vessels of the upper abdomen. Three-dimensional reconstructions were made to demonstrate the variant findings. Cadaveric dissections were performed as part of a routine dissection course. We report five cases of rare variant origins of the middle colic artery arising from the coeliac axis. Among these sites of origin were the coeliac trunk, the gastrosplenic trunk, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery. Four cases were identified on multi-detector computed tomography and one in a cadaver. In all cases, the vessels passed posterior to the body of the pancreas before entering the transverse mesocolon. Knowledge of middle colic artery variations is important to prevent inadvertent injury in digestive surgery, especially in the hepatopancreatic area. Variant origins of the middle colic artery are rare, and their knowledge is crucial to prevent unnecessary iatrogenic injury during abdominal surgery.

Students&amp;rsquo; perception on cadaveric dissection in learning gross anatomy for clinical application: Development of a tool using DELPHI technique

Anatomy remains key for learning other disciplines in medicine and forms the basis for good clinical practice. Gross Anatomy is an integral part of anatomy curriculum which is taught through different teaching methodologies including cadaveric dissection. This method has many advantages as well as limitations. Since the attendance for gross anatomy practical is compulsory for the students for medical institutions such as that of University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka, the actual perception of students towards dissection is not known. In addition, perception of students towards application of learnt gross anatomy in the clinical setting is important in designing / reviewing the anatomy curriculum. Thus, the main objective of this study was to develop a tool to measure the students’ perception on cadaveric dissection in learning gross anatomy for clinical application.A two round - DELPHI survey was chosen to develop a tool by establishing consensus among experts. Extensive literature survey was carried out to obtain relevant input to prepare the draft of the research tool. The participated experts were professors in anatomy, surgery, English language and medical education. A six – point Likert scale tool was finalized subsequent to two rounds of DELPHI technique, and its subsequent application among thirty recent graduates. Anonymity was maintained throughout the whole process.

Bilateral absence of musculocutaneous nerve in a cadaveric specimen

Knowledge of the normal course and distribution of the nerves of the brachial plexus in the axilla and arm, and of its possible variations, is essential for the proper management of upper limb nerve injuries, which is a relatively common occurrence in the clinical setup. Bilateral absence of the musculocutaneous nerve was observed during routine dissection of a female cadaver. The muscles of the flexor compartment of the arm were supplied by the median nerve bilaterally.The present case report should elucidate this variation and should aid in applying this knowledge in the clinical setup.

Anatomical variations of gonadal Veins in Sri Lankan cadavers: A case series

Objective: Gonadal veins carry venous blood from gonads. The right gonadal vein (RGV) drains into inferior vena cava (IVC) directly while left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein (LRV). However, numerous anatomical variations of gonadal veins which accounts for pathological conditions such as varicocele and pelvic congestion syndrome have been reported. In this study we report such variations observed during a routine cadaver dissection for the first-year dental undergraduates.Methods and material: Dissection was carried out in ten cadavers by the investigators following observation of the variations.Results: Three cadavers out of ten were observed to have variations of the gonadal veins in relation to the number and site of drainage. There were right gonadal veins draining to right renal vein as well as double gonadal veins were observed.Conclusion: A clear understanding of these variations is important for clinicians and radiologists in recognizing and avoiding complications in interventional procedures in the retroperitoneal region. Therefore, we recommend carrying out further studies using a larger sample of Sri Lankan population.

Venous anatomy of the superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap: A cadaveric and clinical study

Reconstructive surgeons frequently face challenges with free tissue transfer when transplanted flaps are thicker than intended. This is especially pronounced in lower limb cases, where the soft tissue below the knee is thin. The supra-fascial superficial circumflex iliac perforator (SCIP) flap overcomes this problem, but venous congestion remains a concern. We aim to examine the venous anatomy of the SCIP flap through cadaveric dissections and clinical data analyses to enhance the understanding of the venous anatomy and reduce venous congestion in future procedures. Eight cadaveric groins underwent venous dye injection and dissection to identify the superficial circumflex iliac vein (SCIV) and venae comitantes (VC) vascular networks. The venous anatomy was studied for dominant drainage. From April 2015 to December 2019, we conducted 102 SCIP flap reconstructions, mainly using the superficial circumflex iliac artery's superficial branch. Clinical data were analyzed and correlated with cadaveric dissections. SCIP flaps were categorized into three groups: dual drainage (VC and SCIV) in group I, SCIV-only in group II, and VC-only in group III. Correlations between clinical cases and cadaveric dissections revealed the SCIV as an independent drainage system with oscillating links to the VC. The SCIV is approximately twice the diameter of the VC, and the area of each vascular network suggests codominance. No significant difference in flap loss or venous congestion rates was noted when SCIV was the sole drainage, compared with VC or dual drainage. The SCIP flap with one artery and SCIV anastomosis, exhibits low venous congestion rates. Surgeons should consider SCIV for safe SCIP flap reconstruction.

A rare variation in the origin of the lingual artery: thyro-linguo-laryngeal trunk.

The anatomy of the external carotid artery and its variations are of ground significance in head and neck surgery. During a dissection of a male cadaver, an undescribed common trunk between superior thyroid, superior laryngeal, and lingual arteries was found. The variations of the anterior cervical branches of the external carotid artery and their clinical implications are discussed. The described unusual branching pattern of the external carotid artery must always be considered in invasive or non-invasive procedures because it may lead to unexpected complications.

A RARE ANATOMICAL VARIATION OF BILATERAL BICIPITAL ORIGIN OF PLANTARIS MUSCLE: A CASE REPORT

The posterior calf group, plantaris muscle has a small fusiform muscle belly and a long slender tendon sandwiched between the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. The case was reported during routine dissection at National institute of Ayurveda Deemed university, Jaipur. The subject was 31year-old male cadaver of north Indian origin. The Bilateral Bicipital origin of Plantaris Muscle was observed during the cadaveric dissection of the popliteal region. Two distinct PMS (Plantaris Muscles) were present, the SPM (superior Plantaris Muscle) and IPM (Inferior Plantaris Muscle). While the SPM originates from the lower lateral supracondylar ridge and the knee capsule, the IPM originates from the femoral condyle and SPM tendon splitting in to one part at the distal belly. The lateral side of the IPM tendon travels between GM (Gastrocnemius Muscle) and SM (Soleus Muscle) and ends at the calcaneal tendon. SPM and the medial side of the IPM tendon run along with the IPM tendon and insert at the fascia at the inner surface of proximal 1/3of the medial head of GM. The present case report introduces a new variation of the PM that should be taken into consideration.

A cadaveric case study of the fibulo calcaneus internus muscle as a rare accessory muscle of calf region

The fibulocalcaneus (peroneocalcaneus) Internus (FCI) muscle which is also called as Peroneo calcaneus Internus (PCI) muscle (of MacAlister) is a rare variation of calf muscle with a low prevalence of &amp;#60;1%-3% in cadaveric dissection and imaging studies. The FCI arises from the posterior-medial aspect of the distal 1/3 of the fibula, descends posterior and lateral to the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle. It than traverses the tarsal tunnel inferior to the sustentaculum tali of the Calcaneus, and get inserted into the plantar surface of the calcaneus. However, controversy exists concerning the exact location of the insertion site of FCI muscle. Recently the insertion of the FCI muscle has been described as distal to the coronoid fossa, a small depression between the anterior tuberosity and the anterior apex of the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus. However, chronological descriptions described the FCI as inserting into either the sustentaculum tali itself or a small tubercle on the medical surface of the calcaneus distal to the sustentaculum tali. During routine dissection for under graduate students, about 56-year old Indian male, a Fibulocalcaneus (peroneocalcaneus) Internus (FCI) muscle was identified, which originated from the posterior medial surface of distal third of the fibula and tendon merges with 2 slip of flexor digitorum longus and get inserted on base of distal phalanx of second toe. Knowledge of the FCI muscle is important due its involvement with various ankle pathologies, including predisposing individuals to tarsal tunnel syndrome, FHL tenosynovitis, and posterior ankle impingement and pain. The FCI muscle is one of the least common muscular variants associated with the ankle joint, and it has been implicated in posterior ankle pain and impingement. This muscle is often confused with the flexor digitorum accessorius longus (FDAL) muscle. Additionally, this study describes ways to differentiate between the FCI and FDAL muscles in the lower leg. Radiologists and clinicians should be aware of this anomalous muscle when considering various diagnoses, interpreting radiographs, and pursuing surgical involvement to reduce symptoms of posterior ankle region.

Urethral Injury in Rectal Cancer Surgery: A Comprehensive Study Using Cadaveric Dissection, Imaging Analyses, and Clinical Series.

Male urethral injury during rectal cancer surgery is rare but significant. Scant information is available about the distances between the rectourethral space and neighboring structures. The aim of this study is to describe the anatomical relations of the male urethra. This three-pronged study included cadaveric dissection, retrospective MRI analysis, and clinical cases. Measurements included the R-Mu distance (shortest distance between the rectum and the membranous urethra), R-Am distance (distance from the anterior rectal wall to anal margin nearest to the membranous urethra), and the anal canal-rectum axis angle. The clinical study analyzed the incidence of urethral injury and associated factors among 244 consecutive men from January 2016 to January 2023. The overall incidence of urethral injury in our series was low (0.73%), but in men with tumors < 10 cm from the anal margin, it was 4% in abdominoperineal resection and 3.2% in TaTME. On preoperative MRI, the median R-Mu distance was 1 cm (IQR, range, 0.2-2.3), the median R-Am distance was 4.3 cm (range, 2-7.3), and the median anorectal angle was 128° (range, 87-160). In the cadaveric study (nine adult male pelvises), the mean R-Mu distance was 1.18 cm (range 0.8-2), and the mean R-Am distance was 2.64 cm (range 2.1-3). Avoiding urethral injury is crucial. The critical point for injury lies 2-7.3 cm from the anal margin, with a 0.2-2.3 cm distance between the rectum and the membranous urethra. Collaborating with anatomists and radiologists improves surgeons' anatomy knowledge.

Quadruple Arterial Blood Supply to the Liver: A Rare Variation

Introduction: Vascular variations in the liver are significant to surgeons in liver transplantations, radiological procedures, laparoscopy and penetrating abdominal injuries. These variations are important in liver transplantation procedure, in addition to being an ideal opportunity for surgical anatomy study, their detailed identification is crucial to the success of the procedure.&#x0D; Case Report: During a routine cadaveric dissection of the abdomen for medical students at the department of Anatomy Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto Nigeria. A male adult cadaver with unknown identity and cause of death, was found to have four arterial branches to the liver, one each from the left gastric artery and common hepatic artery, a branch from the gastro-duodenal artery and the hepatic artery.&#x0D; Conclusion: Detailed knowledge of the variations of hepatic arterial anatomy is of utmost importance to surgeons who perform surgeries in this area, particularly in liver transplantation, since their identification and proper management are critical to the success of the procedure.

Sensitivity analyses of probabilistic and deterministic DTI tractography methodologies for studying armmuscle architecture.

To determine the sensitivity profiles of probabilistic and deterministic DTI tractography methods in estimating geometric properties in arm muscle anatomy. Spin-echo diffusion-weighted MR images were acquired in the dominant arm of 10 participants. Both deterministic and probabilistic tractography were performed in two different muscle architectures of the parallel-structured biceps brachii (and the pennate-structured flexor carpi ulnaris. Muscle fascicle geometry estimates and number of fascicles were evaluated with respect to tractography turning angle, polynomial fitting order, and SNR. The DTI tractography estimated fascicle lengths were compared with measurements obtained from conventional cadaveric dissection and ultrasound modalities. The probabilistic method generally estimated fascicle lengths closer to ranges reported by conventional methods than the deterministic method, most evident in the biceps brachii (p > 0.05), consisting of longer, arc-like fascicles. For both methods, a wide turning angle (50º-90°) generated fascicle lengths that were in close agreement with conventional methods, most evident in the flexor carpi ulnaris (p > 0.05), consisting of shorter, feather-like fascicles. The probabilistic approach produced at least two times more fascicles than the deterministic approach. For both approaches, second-order fitting yielded about double the complete tracts as third-order fitting. In both muscles, as SNR decreased, deterministic tractography produced less fascicles but consistent geometry (p > 0.05), whereas probabilistic tractography produced a consistent number but altered geometry of fascicles (p < 0.001). Findings from this study provide best practice recommendations for implementing DTI tractography in skeletal muscle and will inform future in vivo studies of healthy and pathological muscle structure.

Determinants of cadaver acquisition at Human Anatomy Learning Institutions in Kenya

Background: Human anatomy instruction in Kenya is based on dissection of cadavers during practical sessions. Institutions get these cadavers using procedures available to them. However, the processes used are not standardized, and several problems are likely to develop during the cadaver acquisition process. Several factors appear to have an impact on the source, availability, and cadaver collection techniques. Some of the issues affecting cadaver acquisition may not be sufficiently addressed by current anatomy practice guidelines. This study evaluated the determinants of cadaver acquisition at human anatomy learning institutions in Kenya.&#x0D; Methodology: Anatomists and anatomy laboratory personnel handling cadavers in Kenya were interviewed for the study. A cross-sectional study design was used, as well as a purposive sampling strategy. The self-administered surveys were completed by 68 study participants. The data was tallied, loaded into SPSS version 26 for analysis, then plotted into graphs and tables for interpretation.&#x0D; Results: Cadavers were mostly acquired from unclaimed bodies (100%). In most situations (80.9%), anatomy laboratory technicians oversee cadaver collection. A cadaver acquisition delay of more than two weeks was reported by 80.88% of respondents. According to 44.12% of respondents, the biggest reason for cadaver collecting delays was the need for financial compensation. Most cadavers (98.5%) are obtained through lobbying at the source. According to 92.6% of responders, defaced or damaged cadavers are mostly rejected. According to 94.2% of respondents, the Kenya Anatomy Act has no instructions on how to obtain cadavers.&#x0D; Conclusion: The efficiency of cadaver acquisition is affected by several factors that affect both the procedure and the people in charge of procuring the cadavers. Institutions in Kenya lack a comprehensive cadaver acquisition policy that describes the procedure and personnel in charge of procuring cadavers. There is no specified documented protocol or guideline for cadaver acquisition in the Kenya anatomy act.