Cadastral System Research Articles

Towards the European harmonisation of a Soil Cadastre inventory as a tool for environmental, social, economic, legal and taxation purposes

The cadastral systems existing in EU Member States satisfy private and public needs but there is no common regulation describing the purposes, minimum requirements and functions of the Cadastre in each State. In order to satisfy the need for harmonisation of Cadastres at the EU level, the Spanish Government's Official Performance Programme of the Spanish Presidency of the EU Council supported, in the first semester of 2002, the initiative proposed by the Spanish General Directorate for the Cadastre to hold the "First Congress on Cadastre in the European Union" (15-17 May 2002). The main objective of this conference was to study the role of the Cadastre at EU level and the methods for the integration of national models. For this purpose the Spanish General Directorate also presented two specific initiatives : 1) the project for a "Declaration on Cadastre in the European Union"; 2) the formation of a Cadastre Permanent Committee. A unique Cadastre at EU level would allow that the CAP (Community Agricultural Policy) is implemented by considering the best practices of the land owners. Moreover, the basic taxation principles and coordination of property taxation are shown in this paper. In the long term, the free movement of people, goods and capital will induce that the EU harmonises or at least coordinates property regimes, Land Registry and Cadastre in the Member States. Cadastres enable to change the land from an object of utilisation into capital and thus economic growth (that is a prerequisite for investments in estate enhancement and/or environmental protection). This is an essential part of LIS (Land Information System) and GIS (Geographic Information System) systems, that provide information crucial to decision making. The new soil cadastral certificate, besides land use and capability, should also take into account the sustainability. The Ground Cadastre should be developed into a multipurpose Soil Cadastre, i.e. an inventory for environmental, social, economic, legal and taxation purposes.

지적제도 분석 모형을 이용한 우리나라와 독일 · 프랑스 지적제도 비교분석

해외 선진국들은 기술 발달과 더불어 지적제도를 개편해 오고 있다. 우리나라도 2012년 시작된 지적재조사 사업은 종이 지적도를 디지털화하여 국토의 가치를 높이고, 공간정보산업의 토대를 닦는 사업을 진행하고 있다. 국민의 재산과 관련된 지적재조사 사업의 성공적인 달성을 위해 해외사례를 비교 · 분석하는 등 국내 발전 방향을 제시하는 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 독일, 프랑스 국가의 지적제도를 체계적으로 비교 · 분석하여 우리나라 지적제도 모형에 적용, 개선방안을 제시하여 우리나라 지적재조사 사업 수행뿐만 아니라 향후 우리나라 지적제도, 행정 및 관리 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.

Real estate cadastral system and cadastral tax system – legal and organisational conditions

Proposals to introduce a cadastral tax ("municipal tax") into the Polish tax system have a long history. The solutions that are currently proposed in the literature have a political subtext and do not contain any substantive proposals for normative solutions, contrary to the model of the proposed draft laws package in the mid-nineties. Poland is a unitary state and it does not seem that there will be a need for a radical change of the state system. Local government units in Poland have a constitutionally guaranteed and protected wide scope of independence This study presents and critically evaluates these contemporary proposals, at the same time points out the precondition for the change of the real estate tax regime – the need to finish the construction of the real estate cadastre system – the Integrated Real Estate Information System, which allows for the appraising of real estates and basing their value on it, and not only for tax purposes. Indeed, this system is a necessary but difficult prerequisite for the continuation of future real estate taxation reforms and would also serve the needs of many other public authorities by enabling communication between the existing public registers (including the CEIDG and the KRS). The introduction of a cadastral tax alone, the tax basis for which would be an updated and credible real estate value, also requires a number of new economic, sociological, functional as well as social and political studies to be carried out beforehand on the tax matters, in particular when taking into account the increase in the tax burdens and the relevant legal analyses of the proposed models of system solutions.

AUTOMATION OF DATA PROCESSING IN THE UNIFIED SYSTEM OF CADASTRAL REGISTRATION OF REAL ESTATE

On the basis of the analysis of world achievements, the state of the cadastre and real estate, recommendations on the further development of the cadastre system in Ukraine are given. For the first time, a unified real estate cadastre registration System was proposed, which records the establishment and termination of immovable property rights, their restrictions and encumbrances, and contains the data necessary to fulfill the cadastre tasks in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation. The scientific bases of cadastral real estate registration have been worked out, the purpose, principles of creation, composition of information, procedure of keeping, requirements and means of realization of cadastral registration of real estate have been determined. The cadastral classification of real estate was developed, including the classification of lands, structures and other land improvements by quantitative and qualitative characteristics, rights, their encumbrances and restrictions, as well as by value. In order to automate the processing of geospatial information on real estate, an appropriate system of codification of cadastral information was developed. The cadastral classification of real estate contains: identification block, title block and codifier of real estate groups. The identification block includes: the characteristics by which the cadastral classification of the real estate is made, the block of names - the full names of the groups, and the codifier of the real estate groups - the list of cadastral codes.

A structured framework for 3D cadastral data validation − a case study for Victoria, Australia

There are a wide variety of cadastral objects, ranging from simple 2D entities such as a land parcel, to complex 3D objects such as multistory/multi-owned buildings. The complex infrastructures development happening above and below the ground complicates the processes required for defining rights, restrictions and responsibilities in 3D (3D RRRs). Even in the current, predominantly, 3D analogue cadastral system which relies on 2D drawings and representations, defining 3D RRRs is still a complicated task. With the widespread use of 3D geospatial information technologies, it is increasingly becoming easy to realise and interpret a 3D digital cadastre system. As part of the process of transition from the 2D representation of cadastre towards a 3D digital cadastre, not only will 2D representations be replaced with 3D models, but the examination workflow and its principles also need to be able to manage 3D models. Developing principles and validation rules is a critical requirement to guarantee that the diverse cadastral data is trustable and contains enough detail to define the spatial and legal extents of ownership. This paper proposes a structured framework to define validation rules for 3D cadastral models. The paper’s methodology utilises a case study approach where a plan examination process in Victoria, Australia has been analysed to investigate the principles of examining cadastral plans, and further expanded on for validating 3D digital plans. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications of the proposed 3D validation rules and proposes future research within the topic of 3D cadastral data validation.

Powierzchniowe a wartościowe opodatkowanie nieruchomości na przykładzie Polski i Niemiec

Celem artykułu była ocena powierzchniowego i wartościowego opodatkowania nieruchomości na przykładzie Polski i Niemiec. W analizie odwołaliśmy się do teoretycznych koncepcji zawartych w literaturze oraz do innych badań, a także uwzględniliśmy takie kryteria, jak makroekonomiczna efektywność (znaczenie fiskalne), kwestie sprawiedliwości i neutralności oraz elementy techniczne. Zauważyliśmy większą istotność fiskalną opodatkowania nieruchomości w systemie katastralnym. Niemniej przeprowadzona przez nas analiza nie daje jednoznacznej odpowiedzi na pytanie, który system opodatkowania jest lepszy. Każdy z nich ma swoje zarówno mocne, jak i słabsze strony. Wybór zależy od czynników społecznych i decyzji politycznych, które mogą – ale nie muszą – być pochodną potrzeb finansowych jednostek samorządu terytorialnego.

Examining the Land Use Act of 1978 and Its Effects on Tenure Security in Nigeria: A Case Study of Ekiti State, Nigeria

The Land Use Act of 1978 (LUA) has failed to achieve some of its objectives. The rural poor and the vulnerable are those most affected. The failure is ascribed to problems inherent in the Act and poor implementation. This paper discusses the effect of the LUA on the customary ownership of land and its effect on the tenure security of the rural poor. Using a conceptual framework for guiding cadastral systems development, the critical areas of the LUA as pertains to tenure security are analysed for the degree of their success, sustainability, and significance. The framework looks at the underlying theory, the drivers of change, the change process, and the land administration system. A mixed methodology approach was adopted for the study, using a single case study. Three groups of respondents contributed to the study: land professionals, civil servants and students. The study found that securing title to land is difficult, compensation provisions need to be reviewed, formal land registration is not in the interest of the poor, land is not available at an affordable rate, land speculators are still active in Nigerian land markets, the composition of the two committees is inadequate, and the refusal to grant certificates to people below the age of 21 is age biased. It further revealed that the power granted to the governor is enormous and unnecessary. The findings showed that the LUA is both effective in some areas and dysfunctional in others. This is because of the age of the Act and the lack of a pro-poor policy focus. Based on these findings recommendations were made, including that a new policy be enacted that includes pro-poor policies and customary laws. The LUA is found to be useful in urban areas, but not in solving land-related problems in rural areas. This study provides an understanding of the legal holding of land in Nigeria.

Necessity of 3D Cadaster and Possible Cases

The paper describes the current state of cadaster and land registration in Bulgaria. The objects of cadaster are clarified. The necessity of information about rights, restriction and responsibilities increases in complex spatial situations. After a brief review of cadastral and land registration legislation, the possibility of future development of a 3D presentation of the cadastral objects is presented, taking into account the current state of the cadastral system in Bulgaria. The prerequisites, the possibilities and the means for application of 3D cadaster in Bulgaria are clarified and the challenges to its realization. Problems concerning the design of an efficient system for land administration, possible technologies and standards for realization of 3D cadaster are described. The possible data sets, in accordance with ISO 19152, which should be present in the realization of 3D cadaster in Bulgaria are analyzed. In addition to the data from the digital model of the cadaster, specialized data is also needed. Some of the specialized objects require a three-dimensional representation, which is a prerequisite for 3D cadaster development. Many of the various specialized objects impose restrictions on land immovables, even though the presence of the object itself is not required. Schematically are described the necessary steps to go through to unify data and achieve interoperability.

LAND CADASTRE DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE: ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED

Cadastral information is a key component for many land use functions and a core to the effective land markets, land use and sustainable development. These applications require up-to-date, reliable and complete data. This paper focuses on one aspect of land cadastre – identification of the objects of the cadastre. The characteristics and development of the existing cadastral system are discussed. We follow an empirical approach and propose an overview how and in what form the objects of state land cadastre are identified and registered in Ukraine. The paper analyses the problems associated with the plurality of the land cadastre objects. It is proposed to remove the registration numbers of the state land cadastre objects and new cadastral numbers of the land parcel from the legislation and return the legalization of the old cadastral number of the land parcel. The paper also underlines the necessity to consider the land parcel as a single object of the state land cadastre. Finally, it is proposed that the cadastral number of restrictions in the use of the land parcel will be an immense advantage in land registration and in visualisation the restrictions on the public cadastral map of Ukraine.

INVESTIGATING FOR 3D TURKEY CADASTRE WITH INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

Abstract. Nowadays, a very active research area is the 3D cadastre concept. In relation, 3D Cadastre is an essential component used in a land management system which is to manage and represent layered rights digitally, restrictions, responsibilities (legal models), buildings, public services and corresponding physical models (above or below the floor surface in 3D). The 3D Cadastre has a lot of capable of collecting, storing, organising, querying, analysing and visualising very intricate details within specific standards for all over the worlds. Besides, now in Turkey, 3D cadastre is to be designing and developing with academic studies. The cadastral concept was developed for the 3D Cadastral in the early 2000s from studies related to the world countries. The first workshop was held in 2001; the second workshop was held in 2011 and 2012 in the third. Temporarily, many theoretical and practical developments have emerged in these workshops. However, no 3D cadastre is currently being performed anywhere in the world (Oosterom et al., 2011). There are several reasons why successful implementation of 3D cadastre is legal, institutional and technical. These reasons can be listed as the necessary legal documents, missing data models, lack of technology and data format deficiencies. The 3D cadastre scope should be defined as ideal in legal and institutional systems for all of the cadastral systems. While waiting for these formalities, the development of a data model for 3D cadastre is a useful method to clarify the scope of 3D cadastre. A 3D cadastral data model is the most important for the introduction of standards (INSPIRE, OGC, LADM) and a common language within the user communities of the Land Administration. In this context, some countries (Netherlands, Australia) have developed cadastral data models (ePlan, Legal Property Object Model, LADM, 3D Cadastral Data Model) to improve their cadastral systems. Although cadastral data models differ between countries, 2D is based on the basic building block of a land parcel. The existing cadastral data models were developed based on the definition of a 2D land parcel for many countries. Besides land tenure recording system with related 2D cadastral systems also. In line with the developed models, Netherlands, Australia, Croatia and Israel improved their existing cadastral systems and carried out studies in the scope of 3D cadastre. In Turkey, the 3D cadastre scope is still working for an academic site. In this study, the first section comprises of the investigation for 3D cadastral systems. Turkey studies and cadastral systems will be discussed in section 2. The scope and principles of 3D cadastre are discussed for Turkey with section 3. Moreover, the obstacles to the implementation of 3D cadastre and international standards developed within the scope of 3D cadastre are discussed and also data models developed for Turkey cadastral system with related international standards (Land Administration Domain Model, INSPIRE and ISO) in section 4. Also, finally, discussion and results were assessed in this paper.

THE INTEGRATION OF 3D SPATIAL AND NON – SPATIAL COMPONENT FOR STRATA MANAGEMENT

Abstract. Nowadays, due to rapid development and large populations especially in urban areas has caused indoor spaces of buildings becomes bigger and more complex. In most developing countries, the needs of advance cadastre systems and land administration are vital due to rapid development and large population area especially in the city centre such as Kuala Lumpur. More populations have caused more limited space, which explains the need to build a more vertical building. Due to this, an efficient strata management are required for managing the strata title. A study of country-based profile on cadastre domain standard has been conceptualized for land administration in Malaysia that allows integration of 2D and 3D representation of spatial units with supports of both formal and informal Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities (RRR). Since this research used Malaysia cadastre management as a case study, the proposed model for the Malaysian land administration country profile was embedded in the integration model. Meanwhile, a new working item proposal for LADM Edition II has been introduced on the idea of encoding further integration of land administration with an existing standard such as IndoorGML. Hence, this paper proposes a conceptual model on the integration between both legal space (indoor) and legal object using LADM Edition II and IndoorGML standards for strata purposes. Three objectives had been recognized to achieve the aim of the study. Firstly, to identify the integration of spatial components and non-spatial components for strata management. The second is to develop a conceptual data model for strata with the integration of LADM Edition II and IndoorGML and lastly, is to develop a prototype to validate the proposed conceptual data model. Thus, the development of the conceptual model may provide insights or ideas for future work and land administration on strata purposes.

EVALUATING IMAGERY-DERIVED BATHYMETRY OF SEABED TOPOGRAPHY TO SUPPORT MARINE CADASTRE

Abstract. The Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia has introduced marine cadastre system to register the rights, other valid interests therein and ownership of spatially determined parcels in the context of the marine environment yet the implementation of the system is still at the rudimentary stage. One of the big issues here is gathering land-to-seabed data to create a seamless topographic base map to support its marine cadastre project. Seabed bathymetric mapping in coastal zone is one of the major components to support marine cadastre. In the past, accurate bathymetric measurements can be a very laborious task in hydrographic surveying. Traditional vessel-based acoustic soundings require a lot of time, operation cost and others. Today, human’s ingenuity to yield bathymetric depths from multispectral images as an alternative source to chart the seabed topography has brought in new revolution to hydrography. The paper is initiated for evaluating water depth determination by using imagery-derived bathymetry technique and check its correlation with in-situ bathymetry depths. In the course of experiment, it demonstrates a good correlation between the imagery-derived bathymetric depths and the in-situ bathymetric depths, and majority of the derived depths have passed the minimum requirement of the IHO S-44 survey standard. The result also shows that these empirical models deliver promising outcome which can be use over the turbid environment setting. Hence, imagery-derived bathymetry approach can be an efficient and repeatable way to derive the seabed topography over a huge segment of coastal region. This study also suggests that imagery-derived bathymetry approach can be recognised as an aid in seabed topographic mapping to support marine cadastre initiative.

MOBILE INDOOR LASER SCANNING FOR 3D STRATA REGISTRATION PURPOSES BASED ON INDOORGML

Abstract. In Malaysia, the current 2D cadastre system is regularly updated by the National Mapping Agency (NMA) and Land Offices (LO). However, this 2D information may not be able to serve complex situations. The 3D strata acquisition and 3D modelling are important for strata title to manage the Right, Restriction and Responsibility (RRRs). This means there is a need for the system to be extended into 3D cadastre environment. One of the data acquisition techniques such as LiDAR from Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) could be utilised to solve the problem. This research also discusses the 3D geospatial objects generated from the captured point-clouds, modelled in SketchUp and transformed into IndoorGML. In this study, Web application is developed as a platform for generating an integrated XML-IndoorGML schema. Thus, this research contributes on 3D strata modelling especially for the development of 3D strata registration in Malaysia.

A Preliminary Study on The Formation of Land Legislation and Cadastre System in Sarawak, Malaysia

Recent decades have witnessed a perceptible impact of land policy and cadastre on the urbanisation around the globe. Land legislation and cadastre system are the tools and mechanisms in order to achieve the objectives of land policy in delivering sustainable development. According to the Federal Constitution of Malaysia, article 74 empowers the State Legislative Assemblies to enact laws for the matters under the state list while land matters are one of the subjects under the list. Land matters in Sarawak are governed by Sarawak state government, resulting in different land legislation and cadastre system as compared to Peninsular Malaysia. Therefore, this paper aims to give an overview on the land legislation and cadastre system in Sarawak. The chronological evolutions of land legislation from the past to present are discussed. The cadastre system in Sarawak is also presented. On top of that, this paper attempts to review the literature concerning the subject matter of land legislation and cadastre from various countries, which in turn provides valuable lessons for Sarawak. A total of eight recent publications were chosen for review. Each of the publications is analysed based on the title, subject matter, research question, methodology, results and lessons for Sarawak. Towards the end of this paper, the key lessons from the review are presented.

3D BIM-enabled spatial query for retrieving property boundaries: a case study in Victoria, Australia

ABSTRACTIn the cadastral system of Victoria, the legal extent of properties is defined by a wide range of property boundaries referencing physical objects. These boundary types are typically represented in 2D plans. However, to address the challenges of 2D plans in complex buildings, there has been a growing trend towards the adoption of 3D models. These 3D models have been mainly used for visualization purposes, with no spatial query developed for identifying property boundaries in 3D models. Among 3D models, the Building Information Modelling (BIM) environment provides the potential capabilities for modelling property boundaries. In this paper, a spatial query approach predicated on topological relationships between a legal space and physical objects is developed to identify four types of property boundaries. A BIM model based on a case study in Victoria is used for implementation of the developed approach and the retrieved boundaries related to several properties with different levels of structural complexities are represented. In addition, various challenges during this process such as the impact of different design methods, and issues related to balconies and doors are discussed. The importance of this study is highlighted by a common scenario related to querying property boundaries.

THE DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT OF LAW CERTAINTY ON THE BUILDING CADASTRAL TOWARD THE RIGHTS OF OWNERSHIP ON THE STRATA TITLE RIGHTS BASED ON PROPERTY LAW IN INDONESIA

C adastral is a system of registration of rights to the property of both movable and immovable belonging to the Property Law, including the system of registration of land rights. In the Indonesian Customary Law System, there is separate ownership of land and buildings or houses, which are caused by different ownership of the legal subject of the owner and the legal subject of the owner of the house or building. As the customary legal system is not written, then the practice of separate ownership is not explicitly registered which indicates and provides the base of ownership to the land builder. In Minangkabau custom, there is heritage land called as Ulayat , which is controlled by tribes and administered by tribal administrators, each tribal family member can build a house on tribal land that is ulayat . Likewise, in North Sumatra known as the Sultan's Grant Land derived from the Sultan's Grant can be built a house or building separately of its ownership. The building of the house or building is not registered, but it is legally recognized. This customary law practice shows the recognition of building objects on land not the owner of the building. In the practice of apartment ownership, it is recognized that a housing unit is a separate object either vertically or horizontally with the foundation of the Flats Act which is de facto separate from the land, since the land is a joint or land owned together, but the registration of ownership of the unit the flats are incorporated in a certificate of ownership rights of the apartment units, this is because the apartment regime in the registration system is subject to the land law regime which raises many problems in society. This study aims to build the concept of legal vacuum in the form of the development of building cadastral system as an alternative solution to create legal certainty on the ownership of buildings, especially in buildings Flats due to time constraints rights to the Right to Build Building which is a common land. The research method used is the normative juridical method by looking deeper into the legal postulates against the establishment of a property registration regime on buildings that are an integral part of the flats in which there is a right to unit units of flats, shared parts, shared objects, and land together.

Pre-pottery Neolithic age spatial planning: The typo-morphology of the first urbanisation with reference to three Akarçay Tepe plaques

Abstract. Every civilisation, based on its socioeconomic relations, designs its land regime by using a cadastral system, plans the ways in which its land will be used, and present these through maps or spatial plans. Akarçay Tepe Lined and Marked Limestone Plaques, the use reasons of which are unknown by the archaeology discipline, were originally found during excavations and are on exhibition in Şanlıurfa Museum in Turkey. The plaques have been dated back to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Age.This paper aims to present what Plaques from Akarçay Tepe actually refer to and the methodology of determination. It originates from a research study which was commenced in 2017 on the basis of the propositions that these Plaques are in fact, maps and spatial plans showing the land regime and topography at the time they were made. Spatial dimensions of three Akarçay Tepe plaques with reference to technical features are examined on the foundation of the urban planning discipline. The objective here is to make it possible to adjust the findings of an archaeological excavation and to make a contribution as a proposed alternative method for the evaluation of these findings.The three plaques for which research permission was granted were not related to the cadastral arrangements of Akarçay Tepe, but provide indications of the patterns of other settlements: Birecik, Yeşilözen, and Nizip. The plaques are spatial plans drawn to 1 : 1000 scale displayed in the form of a 3-D model map. The plaques show the settlement topography, land regime, land use decisions, boundaries of control and settlement and agricultural support systems. Plaques, besides agricultural land pattern display the first typo-morphology of urbanisation of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic Age.

Cadastral development in Norway: the need for improvement

Cadastral systems provide important information for the public and private sectors. To understand the functions and impacts of a cadastral system one needs to understand its development. The Norwegian cadastral system has its origins in the 1600s and is defined as a German-style cadastral system. In the early 1800s, an economic survey was initiated in the kingdom of Denmark-Norway to modernise the tax cadastres. After the defeat in the Napoleonic wars, Norway entered into a union with Sweden in 1814 and the survey was stopped. Consequently, cadastral mapping would not be introduced in Norway until 1960, and at that time photogrammetric methods with poor quality control were used. Land subdivisions were undertaken by laymen until 1980. The paper describes cadastral development in Norway, challenges that have arisen and how they can be addressed. Measures to improve the system are proposed.

FORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF MARKET LAND RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

The article deals with issues of land use, and in the broad sense of land resources, which requires purposeful management. The principles of land use formation are set out, which should be the basis for the formation of a land management system in the context of the transformation of land relations and the creation of a market system of land use. The factors that have an impact on the regional land management system are shown. It is noted that the collection, registration and updating of land information is associated with significant costs, the availability of proper land cadastre systems and land registration have advantages, some of which can not be given a realistic assessment in monetary terms. In the structure of the land fund of the region there are significant areas that occupy soils with unsatisfactory properties.The study found that changes in the land fund of the country identified by the draft National Program for Land Use and Protection presuppose the need to improve the structure of land and the implementation of a complex of measures for the protection of land, reproduction of soil fertility. In particular, reducing the level of agricultural development of the territory and reducing the plow through the removal of degraded, low productive and technogenically contaminated lands from intensive agricultural use and their transfer to natural lands.It is determined that the Vinnytsia region has the largest share of Ukrainian chernozem, but erosion danger is assessed as a strong and catastrophic water and wind erosion, the most serious factor in reducing the productivity of land and degradation of agro-landscapes, threatening the very existence of the soil. The work points out the bonus point of agricultural land in the Vinnytsia region, the nomenclature of soils of the region and the structure of the land fund of the region where the large areas occupy soils with unsatisfactory properties are given.

Prototype of the 3D Cadastral System Based on a NoSQL Database and a JavaScript Visualization Application

3D cadastral systems are more complex than traditional cadastral systems and they require more complex technical solutions and innovative use of developing technologies. Regarding data integrity and data consistency, 3D cadastral data should be maintained by a Database Management System (DBMS). Furthermore, there are still challenges regarding visualization of 3D cadastral data. A prototype of the 3D cadastral system based on a NoSQL database and a JavaScript application for 3D visualization is designed and tested in order to investigate the possibilities of using new technical solutions. It is assumed that this approach, with further development, could be a good basis for the development of a modern 3D cadastral system. MongoDB database is used for storing data and Cesium JavaScript library is used for 3D visualization. The system uses an LADM (Land Administration Domain Model) based data model. Additionally, script languages, libraries, application programming interfaces (APIs), software and data formats are used for the system development. The case study is based on the real cadastral data. The underground object and building units located below and above the ground level are used to test the proposed data model and the system’s functionality. The proposed system needs further development in order to provide full support to a modern 3D cadastral system. However, it allows maintenance of 3D cadastral data and basic 3D visualization with the interactive approach.