Business Development Research Articles

How Gained Experience Influences Perceived Levers and Barriers of Reuse Practices: Learning from North Americans

This study delves into how the perception of levers and barriers for building element reuse evolves over time as individuals and practices gain experience on this topic. Three periods of business development are compared: the genesis of practice; the current situation; and future projection. The results are drawn from semi-structured interviews with 35 stakeholders from industry, academia, and government in North America. They were invited to address questions about scales, means of demand generation and adaptation, tools and capacities, and stakeholder knowledge and skills. Questions to explore neutral aspects of their practice as well as levers or barriers were also asked. A post-interview analysis identified 14 factors that influence the overall perception of challenges. It also emphasized their interconnectedness over time, allowing for a more nuanced understanding than previous synchronic studies and prioritizing challenges for different stakeholder types. Unusualness, processes, and communication emerge as time-persistent challenges intricately linked with regulatory dynamics. This study also reaffirms challenges such as costs, community dynamics, and the imperative for a societal shift. This insight assists newcomers in anticipating challenges and selecting their paths while also shedding light on current barriers and informing future projections, guiding policymakers on necessary improvements.

Strategy on China in the Foreign Policy of Germany: Correlation of Values and Interests

The article addresses the preparation and context of Germany’s China Strategy. It aims to analyse a complicated process of reaching consensus in regard to China via intraparty debates in German coalition government. The authors examine China’s leadership and official reaction to the statements by German government, to the UN documents and visits and contacts of German officials with their counterparts in Taiwan and Hongkong. German government and Bundestag documents as well as those of the Federal Foreign Office were used as primary sources. The Chinese Communist Party documents, the Chinese leaders’ and foreign policy officials’ statements and speeches, the UN reports were also analysed. The authors highlight close and complicated interconnectedness between different economies in the world. All international actors are required to reach a compromise between national interests (including protection of sovereignty and security) and pragmatic goals of business development and the state of livelihoods. Consideration of counterpart’s interests, security issues and unacceptability of escalation are the conditions for achieving mutual understanding between two countries.

WANITA PENGUSAHA CERDAS BERSOSIAL MEDIA MENGEMBANGKAN UMKM FASHION

Along with the excellent development of Indonesia's fashion industry, business competition is currently heating up. Concurrently, micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are expanding at a rapid pace, particularly in Surabaya. In order to thrive in today's cutthroat business environment, it is crucial to devise strategies for business development. One of the fashion-related businesses in Surabaya that sells hijab items is Cuties Hijab. Cuties Hijab product sales continue to be highly unpredictable and have even been known to fall as the company has progressed. The company's stagnating position and low product sales are the consequence of multiple challenges, including insufficient human resources and weak product promotion. This situation provides context for why this study is important; its goal is to analyze internal and external issues affecting Cuties Hijab in order to formulate an appropriate strategy for the company's future growth. Qualitative descriptive research is employed. Primary data comes from in-depth interviews, while secondary data comes from a variety of sources like books, records, and the internet. The IFE Matrix, QSPM, IE, SWOT, and IFE are the analytical tools that are utilized. According to the findings from the strategy analysis conducted at the decision-making stage, the market penetration strategy is the best course of action for Cutis Hijab.

Exploring Digital Fluency Skills Among the Business Organizations’ Workforce as A Competitive Advantage Tool: Quest for Sustainability

In advancing the sustainability agenda, it is imperative for business organizations to equip their workforce with digital fluency skills in today’s digital landscape. The objectives of this paper are: (1) to review the digital fluency skills among the companies’ workforce in terms of implementation and challenges; and (2) to explore the role of digital fluency skills as a competitive advantage tool in realizing Sustainable Development Goals using the Resource-based View Theory. This paper highlights several challenges relating to digital fluency skills among personnel in business organizations, including lack of ecosystem, readiness, and awareness. This is among the first papers that conceptualize the digital fluency skills of the workforce as an intangible resource. This paper also proposes a hierarchical model of the digital fluency skills of the workforce to the business, national, and sustainable development goals.

The Role of Regional Government in the Empowerment of Communities through Village-Owned Enterprises in North Lombok Regency

The existence of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in North Lombok Regency has not been optimal in empowering the community to support economic welfare. This is due to various challenges faced in the implementation of empowerment by regional govermet throught the P2KBPMD (Population Control, Family Planning, Community Empowerment, and Village) Office. This study aims to identify the role of the P2KBPMD Office in economic empowerment through BUMDes, as well as the challenges encountered during the empowerment process. The research employs a qualitative approach, with data collection carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that the P2KBPMD Office empowers BUMDes through four main approaches: Human Resources Development (human resource development through management training and financial reporting), institutional development (institutional strengthening and evaluation meetings), business development (commodity selection, feasibility studies, and entrepreneurship development based on local advantages), environmental development (environmental development, which has not been implemented due to budget constraints), as well as Technology and Information Development. The challenges in empowering BUMDes include budget limitations and a lack of human resources, which hinder the optimal implementation of programs. The P2KBPMD Office is expected to seek additional funding sources from the central and provincial governments, or through cooperation with private sectors, and to conduct further studies on other factors such as village budgets, inter-village cooperation, institutional development, and other relevant variables.

Study on the Impact of Corporate Training on the Employees Willingness to Leave

Human resources are know for their fluidity nature. The phenomenon of excessive departure rates within enterprises brings numerous adverse consequences. It is indeed a significant issue that poses a disturbance to the long-term development of businesses. In addition, organizational identity plays a crucial role as it can enhance the sense of affiliation and loyalty that employees hold towards the organization, thereby making them more willing to stay. Organizational culture, being a soft force of the enterprise, is capable of creating an excellent working environment. It enhances employees' identification and sense of belonging to the organization, boosts their job satisfaction, and have an important impact on reducing the tendency to leave. Moreover, the theory of organizational integration can improve employees' sense of belonging and loyalty to the organization, ultimately making them more inclined to remain within it.

PENGEMBANGAN USAHA MANDIRI MASYARAKAT DESA SRIMAHI KECAMATAN TAMBUN UTARA DENGAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI CAMPURAN BETON PAVING BLOCK DAN BATAK

The Community Service Program (PKM) aims to utilize rice husk waste as a mixture in making bricks and paving blocks. Rice husk waste produced from the rice milling process often causes environmental problems. Therefore, through education and training to Zaracon Group Raja Block, through processing rice husk waste into products that have economic value and are environmentally friendly. The methods used include the fabrication of tools, rice husk burning, laboratory testing, socialization, training, and the production of paving blocks using rice husk ash. The results of this program show that paving blocks made using a mixture of rice husk ash have good strength and durability. In addition, this program is also able to improve the skills, insights, and knowledge of the community in processing rice husk waste, so that it can open in business development production of paving block and brick concrete. Keywords: Rice husks, bricks concrete, paving blocks, waste management, community empowerment.

Mudharabah Linked Waqf: Inovasi Model Pembiayaan Berkelanjutan untuk UMKM

This study aims to formulate an innovative financing model and sustainable business assistance through the mudharabah linked waqf scheme. The method used is descriptive qualitative in the form of reviewing scientific journals, books, official news, reports and related regulations which are analyzed by content analysis. Mudharabah linked waqf is an innovation and integration of financing to Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) where the composition of the source of funds comes from commercial funds and cash waqf funds managed by Koperasi Syirkah Berkah Bersama (KSBB) through a collaboration with Indonesian Muslim Entrepreneurs Community (KPMI) chapter Surabaya. Funds will be channeled to low-risk MSME projects recommended by KPMI Surabaya with duration of fewer than six months. The surplus of cash waqf will be distributed to social, education, economy and da’wah activites in the form of sustainable business development and fiqh muamalah assistance by KPMI Surabaya and the rest distributed as an incentive to reduce murabahah margins for startups. Risk mitigation is carried out through collateral requirements, guarantor, incentive-compatible contract applications to determine cash flows and related parties in the project, as well as post-project financial audits. This model has implications for strengthening the roles of KSBB and KPMI Surabaya in encouraging literacy, inclusion, and innovation in deepening sustainable Islamic financial products, in order to strengthen the economy of ummah in the real sector. Keywords: MSMEs, KSBB, KPMI Surabaya, Mudharabah Linked Waqf, Sustainability

Potential for Cattle Business Development in the Buffer Zone of Mount Leuser National Park, Bahorok District, Indonesia

Local communities in Bahorok District are highly dependent on the agricultural and livestock sectors as their main livelihoods. The environment and abundant natural resources cause a profitable for the community to raise livestock.This study aims to to examine potential development of cattle farming (financial and economic aspects) in the buffer zone of Gunung Leuser National Park, Bahorok District.The type of data used in this study is primary data obtained through observation and interviews and secondary data through literature and the North Sumatra Central Statistics Agency. Determination of the sample by Purposive Sampling with 100 cattle breeders. Data analysis was carried out by calculating income, financial analysis of Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit-Cost (B/C), Payback Period (PP), and economic analysis. The results of this study indicate that the average income of cattle breeders in the Buffer Zone of Gunung Leuser National Park, Bahorok District is IDR 24,551,421 for semi-intensive and IDR 8,235,155 for extensive per year. The income of breeders can cover production costs so that income is positive or profitable. The cattle farming business shows that by using an interest rate of 8%, the NPV is obtained >0 or has a positive value, the Gross B/C value is obtained 1.97 and the Net B/C value is 1.25, meaning BCR>1 means a positive value, the PP value is 3.1 and 4.2 years, and the economic analysis shows that the cattle farming business has an important role in the economy in Bahorok District

Virtual relational capital for business development: a case study

Purpose The study aims to investigate virtual relational capital (VRC) to evaluate to what extent virtual relations (VR), obtained by using new technologies, support the development of firms, also considering the increasing sustainability’s needs. The study addresses the literature gap on VRC dynamics through an empirical analysis. Design/methodology/approach The investigation focuses on a single case study in the lighting industry, deepening the case of a small Italian company. The case is analyzed through the lens of the CAOS framework model by Paoloni, nurtured through direct semi-structured interviews with the entrepreneur and some managers and consultants, and data collected via web scraping. Findings VRC, obtained by the use of new technological tools, contributes to developing and fostering the innovation ecosystem in which companies need to create new skills and synergic alliances with other stakeholders. Moreover, VR can improve commercial and sales performance, stakeholder engagement and sustainability, including alignment with the circular economy and waste management principles. VRC can support smaller companies with more limited resources to connect to a broader range of actors, raising their voices with policymakers and other relevant international institutions. Originality/value The study contributes to the theoretical understanding of VRC, especially in an era in which new technologies play a fundamental role for both businesses and people. It also provides practical insights into how companies, especially smaller ones, can maximize their sustainable impact by strategically adopting virtual interactions with meaningful stakeholders like customers, key executive partners, industrial associations and policymakers.

Analysis of the Profitability of Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd. under the DuPont analysis

The pharmaceutical industry is closely related to human life, which not only determines life and health, but also affects people's quality of life. With the acceleration of population aging and the growth of medical demand, the pharmaceutical industry has developed rapidly, but the competition in the pharmaceutical industry has also become increasingly fierce. In this context, improving profitability has become the key to the sustainable survival and development of pharmaceutical industry enterprises. In order to discover the deficiency of enterprise management and promote the rapid development of enterprise, enterprise managers must study a set of evaluation system which can accurately, comprehensively and scientifically reflect the current situation of company activities and management. This study takes Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd. as the object of study, and tests the profitability of the company by using the improved Du Pont analysis system. The report points out the current problems facing the company's profitability and proposes corresponding measures. This paper is divided into four parts: Summarizing the research background and significance of this topic, introducing research ideas and research methods, is the theme of the first part. The introduction of the improved DuPont analysis system and the theoretical framework for this study are the main topics of Part II, and the related concepts and theoretical foundations of the study are discussed. The third part introduces the basic situation and profitability of Yunnan Baiyao, establishes a preliminary understanding of it, and then analyzes the profitability of Yunnan Baiyao by using the improved Du Pont analysis method. The fourth part looks for the possible problems of its profitability through the process of analysis: one is the increase of cost pressure; the other is the lack of growth of main business; the third is the decline of accounts receivable turnover rate. The company can consider the following measures: first, improve production efficiency and control labor cost; second, focus on the research and development of main business and innovative drugs, strengthen brand differentiation; third, strengthen accounts receivable management and optimize sales strategy.

Peer-to-peer lending: Exploring borrowers’ motivations and expectations

ABSTRACT This article explores the motivations, expectations, and satisfaction of small businesses using peer-to-peer lending platforms in five different European countries. We address a gap in the recent literature, which examines platforms and investments through the lens of risk management but often neglects the perspective of entrepreneurs. Our findings indicate that borrowers are primarily motivated by the need for immediate and flexible financial solutions and by the desire to diversify their funding sources and reduce reliance on traditional banking channels. Notably, our research reveals a significant lack of awareness among borrowers regarding the specific financial instruments they use to raise debt. Although we explore variations across countries and firm characteristics, our results do not show any significant differences. Future research could further investigate these issues, with a particular emphasis on the financial literacy of entrepreneurs, which policymakers suggest is crucial for fostering the orderly and sustainable financial development of small businesses.

Decision‐making and coordination of a three‐tier fresh agricultural product supply chain considering dynamic freshness‐keeping effort

AbstractThe freshness‐keeping of agricultural products is an essential issue that affects business development, food safety, and human health. Due to the structural characteristics of the supply chain, keeping the freshness of agricultural products involves different entities and multiple links, which is a long‐term strategic issue requiring significant investment. Given the perishability of agricultural products, the aging of preservation facilities, or the decline of technology, it is critical to consider the multitier freshness‐keeping strategy from a dynamic perspective. Therefore, this paper studies dynamic freshness‐keeping and coordination of a multitier agricultural product supply chain. We first construct a differential equation considering the three‐tier freshness‐keeping efforts. Then, we compare the optimal freshness‐keeping efforts, retail price, and system profit between the decentralized and centralized decision‐making models. Finally, two contracts based on cost‐sharing and secondary transfer payment are designed to coordinate the decentralized decision‐making model. Results show that (i) as the decision sequence moves backward, freshness‐keeping effort decreases at each tier for the same freshness‐keeping efficiency; (ii) adopting the centralized decision‐making model offers several advantages, including well‐balanced freshness‐keeping efforts across multiple tiers, a lower retail price, and higher system profit; and (iii) under a specified payment range, the “freshness‐keeping cost‐sharing‐two‐part fee” contract motivates entities to increase freshness‐keeping efforts and realizes individual and system‐wide profit improvements.

Is there a link between access to broadband and health outcomes?

AbstractThere is significant evidence of the positive effects of broadband expansion on various economic outcomes, including property values and business development, with a growing literature aimed at understanding the effect on health outcomes. We contribute to this later literature exploring the effect of broadband access on underexplored health using U.S. county data. After accounting for spatial dependency within the data we find that broadband availability positively affects health outcomes: as broadband access increase, we see declines in the share of the population with fair or poor health and the number of both physically and mentally unhealthy days. The investment of broadband availability not only impacts the overall economy but also community quality of life as measured by health outcomes.

A new approach to determining the development directions for crop insurance organizations: experience from Lithuania

The appropriate organization of the crop insurance process is an essential task for all participants in the insurance system, and the system development is one of the main arguments for its existence. The main problem is that crop insurance companies do not have any instrument for determining the most suitable direction for development as an obligatory strategic solution. This article aims to provide the methodology suitable for insurance companies as participants in the crop insurance system to determine the most appropriate direction for development under the present conditions. In this article, we provide the substantiated multicriteria methodology for determining the most suitable direction for developing the activity performed by insurance companies. Insurance companies' possible business development directions are justified, and appropriate evaluation criteria are specified. The suggested methodology is based on applying the multicriteria assessment method, TOPSIS. This original method proved to be the most suitable one for management solutions. This quantitative methodology was tested under natural conditions, using the example of Lithuania, and the suitability of its application was proved entirely. The suggested methodology can also help crop insurance companies find the best direction for future development.

Entrepreneurship in Indian Higher Education: Preparing Students for a Start-up Economy

Entrepreneurship has emerged as a critical driver of economic growth and innovation, particularly in India, which boasts one of the world's most dynamic start-up ecosystems. Indian higher education institutions are increasingly tasked with fostering entrepreneurial mindsets and skills to equip students for success in a start-up-driven economy. This shift aligns with national priorities, including initiatives like Startup India and Atmanirbhar Bharat, aimed at promoting self-reliance and job creation. Despite the potential, Indian higher education faces challenges in embedding entrepreneurship as a core component of curricula. Traditional pedagogical models often emphasize rote learning, leaving limited room for the experiential and interdisciplinary approaches necessary for entrepreneurial education. However, a growing number of universities and colleges are now incorporating innovation hubs, start-up incubators, and entrepreneurship-focused courses. These initiatives aim to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application, providing students with hands-on experience in problem-solving, risk-taking, and business development. The role of government and private stakeholders is pivotal in this transformation. Partnerships with industries, mentorship programs, and access to venture capital are critical enablers for fostering a vibrant start-up culture within academic settings. Furthermore, integrating entrepreneurial education with digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence and blockchain, prepares students to navigate emerging economic landscapes effectively. As India continues to prioritize start-up-led growth, the entrepreneurial orientation of its higher education system will play a decisive role in producing future-ready graduates. By embedding entrepreneurship into their core missions, educational institutions can nurture a generation of innovators capable of addressing societal challenges and contributing to economic resilience. The convergence of education, innovation, and policy support will be instrumental in sustaining India’s position as a global start-up hub.

Study on the Impact of Diversified Service Strategy: Case of Haidilao

In today's competitive market environment, it has become a trend for enterprises to seek diversified development. The diversification strategy aims to have a positive impact by expanding business areas and services to reduce corporate risks and improve market competitiveness. This paper takes Haidilao as an example to study the effect of the implementation of diversified service strategy from 2017 to 2023. Besides, the research shows that diversified service strategy has improved the financial performance of Haidilao enterprises. However, through comprehensive analysis by SWOT method, it can be seen that the implementation of diversification strategy is not smooth sailing, and many enterprises are faced with various challenges in the practice process, such as increased management difficulty, dispersed resources, and difficult to guarantee service quality. The study provides relevant theoretical reference and decision-making information for the catering industry. Through the implementation of diversified service strategy, Haidilao has achieved results in improving financial performance and market competitiveness, but it also faces problems such as cost increase, core business may be neglected, and service quality is difficult to control uniformly. Therefore, the optimization scheme of optimize staff allocation, strengthen staff training)and optimize resource allocation is proposed in this paper. This successful experience has important guiding significance and reference value for the whole catering industry in the aspects of business development, brand building, customer management and strategic planning.

PENDAMPINGAN PENGUATAN MANAJEMEN USAHA TERNAK AYAM BROILER PADA KELOMPOK TERNAK DI KELURAHAN KASTELA KECAMATAN PULAU TERNATE

ABSTRACTBroiler chicken cultivation is a potential business and is widely carried out by the community. A group of broiler chicken breeders with the name Makmur Jaya group located in Kastela Village, Ternate City, North Maluku, was formed because of the desire to work together for one goal, namely improving the welfare of its members. However, in the course of business development by the broiler chicken farming group, there were several problems, including a lack of knowledge and skills in raising chickens; livestock management has not been managed well; partner businesses are still traditional; and still use simple equipment in raising chickens. This activity was attended by members of the Makmur Jaya broiler chicken farming group and students of the Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Khairun University. Methods for implementing activities include socialization and FGD, training and mentoring. The aim of this activity is to provide knowledge to the public regarding good feed management in household-scale broiler chicken cultivation. Participants were very enthusiastic about the discussion, especially regarding the maintenance and health management of broiler chickens as well as training in broiler chicken cultivation with direct practice when the new DOC arrived at the service location.Keywords: Broiler chickens; Management; Mentoring; Livestock businessABSTRAKBroiler chicken cultivation is a potential business and is widely carried out by the community. A group of broiler chicken breeders with the name Makmur Jaya group located in Kastela Village, Ternate City, North Maluku, was formed because of the desire to work together for one goal, namely improving the welfare of its members. However, in the course of business development by the broiler chicken farming group, there were several problems, including a lack of knowledge and skills in raising chickens; livestock management has not been managed well; partner businesses are still traditional; and still use simple equipment in raising chickens. This activity was attended by members of the Makmur Jaya broiler chicken farming group and students of the Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Khairun University. Methods for implementing activities include socialization and FGD, training and mentoring. The aim of this activity is to provide knowledge to the public regarding good feed management in household-scale broiler chicken cultivation. Participants were very enthusiastic about the discussion, especially regarding the maintenance and health management of broiler chickens as well as training in broiler chicken cultivation with direct practice when the new DOC arrived at the service location..Kata Kunci: Ayam broiler; Manajemen; Pendampingan; Usahaternak

Analysis of Marketing Mix and Creativity towards MSME Business Development in Medan City

The study aims to explore the influence of Marketing Mix and Creativity on MSME Business Development in Medan Perjuangan". The research method used is a quantitative model, using a questionnaire as a data collection tool distributed to 75 respondents. Data analysis in this study used multiple linear regression analysis with partial (ui t) and simultaneous (F test) testing. The results showed that simultaneously the marketing mix and creativity variables had a positive and significant effect on business development. The results of the study partially marketing mix and creativity have a positive and significant effect on business development. The contribution of the influence of marketing mix and creativity on business development is relatively high at 84.1%. The implications of the results of this study are able to prove that the marketing mix and creativity are very important to be able to increase the business development of MSMEs in Medan city.

PRESERVING HERITAGE IN THREADS: A STUDY OF ORANG ULU MOTIF ADAPTATION IN CONTEMPORARY ETHNIC WEAR CRAFTED BY SMES

The delicate balance between preserving the rich cultural legacy of Orang Ulu motif patterns and adapting them to current items of ethnic wear made by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is examined in this research. The study explores how Orang Ulu motifs are used in modern clothing production in Sarawak, Malaysia, acknowledging the importance of community involvement in documenting and organising this cultural legacy. While they need to be protected, these culturally significant designs must also be relevant in contemporary fashion due to modernisation and changing consumer preferences. This study aims to examine factors influencing consumers’ purchase behaviour regarding ethnic wear or cultural clothing made by SMEs. Cultural anthropology, design innovation and business development were used to examine how SMEs might preserve Orang Ulu culture. Interviews, surveys and design studies were employed to understand producer and customer preferences and expectations. Relevant variables were obtained from a literature review. This empirical study used a well-structured face-to-face and internet-based customer questionnaire to survey 194 respondents. SPSS software was used to analyse the data using ranking scale analysis, analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation. This research identifies several techniques for incorporating traditional Orang Ulu motif designs into contemporary ethnic clothing to help SMEs balance cultural preservation and market viability. The complex process of conserving cultural themes despite global developments is explored, emphasising the need for adaptation to maintain cultural identity in the global market. The research will help SME owners and entrepreneurs meet customer expectations and build brand loyalty. The study’s limitations include a small sample size and a focus on consumer behaviour towards transformative ethnic wear made by SMEs, so the results cannot be applied to other firm types. SMEs making transformative ethnic wear are crucial for economic diversification, particularly in developing nations like Malaysia.