Business Trips Research Articles

The role of immuno-mediated dysregulation in the progression of allergic pathology in military personnel under occupational stress

In order to identify clinical and immunological predictors of the progression of allergopathology in military personnel participating in special operations under conditions of professional stress, 43 military personnel participating in special operations divided into two groups were examined. Group 1 consisted of officers with allergopathology or who first debuted symptoms of allergic diseases during or within 6 months after participating in special operations (n = 13, average age 36.4±4.5 years). Group 2 included officers participating in special operations who did not have symptoms of allergic diseases (n = 13, average age 36.4±4.5 years). The analysis of complaints and medical documentation were carried out. Clinical and laboratory examination was performed without exacerbation of somatic pathology. The immune status was assessed by the expression of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD19+, HLA-DR+, intracellular FoxP3 content in CD4+CD25+T cells, granzyme B in CD3-CD16+ and CD3+CD8+ lymphocytes using appropriate monoclonal antibodies (Beckman Coulter) and taking into account the results on the cytofluorometer “FC 500”. Immunological monitoring was performed before participation in hostilities and 6 months after return. A comparative assessment of the cellular and humoral state of military personnel of both comparison groups before leaving for an area with an unfavorable operational situation revealed the following differences. In the group of military personnel with allergic manifestations, significantly fewer CD4+ lymphocytes were noted, as well as significantly fewer CD3+CD4+CD25+FoxP3 regulatory lymphocytes and an increase in the number of circulating B lymphocytes were recorded. When dynamically monitoring the parameters of the cellular and humoral immune response in military personnel participating in hostilities, 6 months after returning from a business trip to areas with an unfavorable operational situation, unidirectional changes in the immune status were recorded in the form of a violation of the differentiation processes of the T cell link of the immune system. In the group of servicemen suffering from allergic diseases, the revealed changes were accompanied by a weakening of the processes of physiological immunosuppression in the form of a persistent decrease in the content of regulatory T lymphocytes in the dynamics of observation for 6 months.

Letters of Historians of the 2nd Half of the 20th Century as a Channel of Scholarly and Business Communications (Based on Letters from Siberia to the Capital)

The article analyzes the letters of specialists in Russian history of the 17th – 19th centuries who sent correspondences to their colleagues in Moscow. The reason these letters are being analyzed is because, due to the distance and communication methods available at the time, correspondence was the main way for Siberian scholars to communicate with the representatives of the important scientific centers, to stay updated on the latest research trends and discoveries. During this era, authors were comparatively unrestricted in their statements, and their internal and external interactions were diverse and significant. Historians from Siberia and Moscow used to correspond on scientific and organizational matters through letters. The topics of discussions included participation in scientific conferences, invitations, opportunities for business trips, publications, cooperation, and reviews. The scholars shared their professional thoughts, ideas, and plans, characterized the sources they found and analyzed, expressed hypotheses and explained preliminary conclusions, reported the outcomes of research, and sometimes talked about the progress in their research projects and the development in their understanding of scientific problems. The letters often described events in the scientific careers of the authors. The content and emotional tone of the correspondence were significantly influenced by the author's character and relationship with the addressee. The letters often contained information of both scientific and personal nature. Sometimes, Siberian scientists requested assistance and help from their colleagues from the capital. The article concludes that letters were a reliable and effective communication channel among the professional community of historians. They were used to convey scientific, business, and occasionally personal information. The recipients of these letters were typically scholars from Moscow who were older in age and higher in status. As a reference group, they played a significant role in determining the specifics of the letters addressed to them.

The Artists and BAM: “Come and Draw, Again and Again”

Soviet fine art contains a large number of works with industrial themes, including those devoted to the great construction sites of socialism. The construction of the Baikal-Amur Mainline (BAM) influenced the country’s development not only in economic and social aspects, but also had a direct impact on the cultural background, giving a new impetus to the activity of creative unions and the emergence of works of various types of art. The BAM theme is talentedly reflected in the creative field of Soviet fine arts. The appearance of numerous pictorial, graphic, sculptural, decorative and applied works was facilitated by the travelling format of artists’ work — creative business trips. Artists travelled to BAM construction sites, witnessing and participating in everyday life and holidays. Thanks to their inclusion and immersion in the environment, the masters of fine arts created works of various genres that accurately and vividly reflected the moments of the construction of the railway. Subsequently, the works were presented at various exhibitions. Nowadays, preserved in museum and private collections, they are an invaluable aesthetic and historical contribution to understanding the spirit and character of that era. The study of the activities of the Union of Artists of the USSR (as a whole as a regulator) and its branch represented by the Irkutsk Organisation of the Union of Artists of the RSFSR (as one of the local executors) is essential for understanding the effective mechanism of fulfilling the social order related to the representation of the global events of the 1970s for the Soviet state. The Irkutsk organisation of the RSFSR Union of Artists was territorially connected with the western section of BAM, and the archival documents provide an opportunity to comprehend the peculiarities of the microstructure’s activity in the conditions of the targeted work of the entire Union of Soviet artists on the BAM theme.

Presenting the behavioral model of citizens in selection of trip vehicle with emphasis on how to go to work

Understanding the factors that influence individual vehicle choice behavior will reveal changes in preferences and attitudes. These changes can provide insights into travel patterns, improve transportation planning, prepare for future infrastructure needs and services, and inform better design and implementation of sustainable and inclusive transportation. The purpose of this research is to provide a behavioral model of citizens in choosing a travel vehicle with an emphasis on how to go to work in Shiraz, Iran. The statistical method used in this research is the logit mathematical model. SPSS software was used to analyze the research results. Different hypothetical scenarios were investigated according to the final vehicle selection model and the possibility of choosing different travel vehicles in each of the hypothetical scenarios. The results of the comparison of logit models for all travel destinations showed that the behavior of Shiraz citizens in choosing a means of transportation is not nested. For this reason, the final model was chosen for business trips. The results obtained from the hypothetical scenarios of the business travel selection tool in Shiraz showed that if none of the demand management policies and the creation of high-speed buses are applied, the share of private cars is 38%, the share of buses and subways is 32%, the share of taxi travel is 30%, and the share of walking will be 33 %. Also, social conditions and demographic characteristics do not have a significant effect on the choice of vehicle and travel behavior of citizens to the workplace.

PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRO-TOURISM ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

This article discusses the potential for the development of agro-tourism, which is an industry of the national economy that requires significant investment. Agro-ecotourism is one of the most popular forms of modern recreational activity. Depending on their specific characteristics, natural and climatic conditions, and management practices, various countries of the world organize this activity in different ways. It has been determined in this work that recreational activities are based on agro-landscapes and natural recreational resources. A systematic approach was the basic methodological foundation for this research, specifically the method of factor analysis, which enabled the identification of key questions for surveys that form the basis for prospects for agro-ecotourism development. A sociological survey conducted by KAZTOUR based on the author’s questionnaire revealed population preferences in the field of agrotourism. Among the organisers of tourist trips, 30.9% chose hiking, 24.4% chose enjoying nature, 15.5% wished to get acquainted with agriculture and care for animals, and 13.6% expressed a desire to receive diverse impressions from a business trip. The majority of people (70.4%) preferred a foothill landscape, 26.1% preferred a river-steppe landscape, and only 3.4% preferred a desert landscape. Most respondents, 47.6%, preferred two-day trips with overnight stays, another third, 33%, chose one-day trips without overnight stay, and only 7% of respondents chose a week-long vacation. A program has been proposed for the successful development of agritourism in Kazakhstan at the city or even country level, reflecting factors that will lead to a high demand for agritourism among the population. These factors are listed in the results of the article. As part of the development of the tourism cluster in the republic, priority areas for tourism have been identified: business tourism, ecological tourism, cultural and educational tourism, active and adventure tours. The main tasks have been identified and necessary methods have been proposed to address the issues of popularization and development of agritourism on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

A Soft Voting Ensemble Model for Hotel Revenue Prediction

In recent years, the hotel industry has faced unprecedented opportunities and challenges due to the increasing demand for travel and business trips. This growth not only presents significant opportunities but also brings challenges to resource management and price setting. Accurate hotel revenue prediction is crucial for the hotel industry as it influences pricing strategies and resource allocation. However, traditional hotel revenue prediction models fail to capture the diversity and complexity of hotel revenue data, resulting in inefficient and inaccurate predictions. Then, with the development of the ensemble learning, its application to hotel revenue prediction has emerged as an influential research direction. This study proposes a soft voting ensemble model for hotel revenue prediction, which includes six base models: Convolutional Neural Network, K-nearest Neighbors, Linear Regression, Long Short-term Memory, Multi-layer Perceptron, and Recurrent Neural Network. Firstly, the hyper-parameters of the base models are optimized with Bayesian optimization. Subsequently, a soft voting ensemble method is used to aggregate the predictions of each base model. Finally, experimental results on the hotel revenue dataset demonstrate that the soft voting ensemble model outperforms base models across six key performance metrics, providing hotel managers with more accurate revenue prediction tools to aid in scientific management decisions and resource allocation strategies. This study confirms the effectiveness of the soft voting ensemble model in enhancing the accuracy of hotel revenue forecasts, demonstrating its significant potential for application in strategic planning within the modern hotel industry.

Perancangan Sistem Penggajian Web yang Terintegrasi di PT Hong Xin Printing Equipment

PT Hong Xin Printing Equipment is encountering obstacles in improving operational efficiency and managing human resources in the digital age. Despite the use of a fingerprint attendance system, there are concerns about errors and reduced efficiency due to manual data processing. Additional challenges arise when recording attendance for employees on business trips and manually calculating leave. To tackle these issues, the company is planning to create a web-based payroll system that will automate payroll, attendance, and leave management. The implementation of this system is anticipated to enhance efficiency and accuracy, thereby allowing the company to maintain its competitiveness in the market.

Who will board urban air taxis? An analysis of advanced air mobility demand and value of travel time for business, airport access, and regional tourism trips in Iran

Recent advancements in the development of a comprehensive urban air mobility ecosystem promise the opportunity for its implementation in the near future. However, the utility of this emerging mode of transportation in comparison to the existing modes varies for different trip purposes and geographical contexts. It is, therefore, imperative to assess its usage potential for various scenarios before moving forward with implementation efforts. This paper presents the findings of three stated preference surveys aimed at characterizing prospective urban air mobility travel demand for weekly business, airport access, and regional tourism trips in Iran. Hybrid multinomial logit and hybrid nested logit models are estimated for each trip purpose. The results indicate that urban air mobility for weekly business trips represents the most viable market segment. Value-of-time estimates for weekly business trips are more than two and a half times higher than those for airport access trips, and tourism trips are valued even less. There is a trend towards delaying the adoption of air taxis to gain trust, and reducing ticket prices is seen as the most effective incentive for increasing the adoption rate. This study pioneers research on urban air mobility in a developing country context, offering valuable insights into market viability for investors and policymakers.

Poet and traveler: N.I. Glazkov’s creative business trips (based on the poet’s correspondence with Tambov residents)

INTRODUCTION. The study is devoted to the creative biography of the poet and translator N.I. Glazkov (1919–1979), inextricably linked with his travels around the Soviet Union, which inspired him to new poems and translations. He shared his poems and impressions in letters to numerous correspondents, a significant part of whom lived in Tambov. N.I. Glazkov visited Tambov several times and lived there sometimes for several weeks. The purpose of the study is to supplement biographical information about the poet N.I. Glazkov.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The material for the study was letters written by the poet to his Tambov acquaintances, his friendly messages and diary entries. During the analysis of these materials, historical-literary and literarybiographical methods were used.RESEARCH RESULTS. From the moment the poet first met Tambov, he developed strong friendly and creative relationships with the Tambov creative environment. The correspondence revealed by comparing the contents of N.I. Glazkov’s letters to Tambov addressees with the poet’s diary entries allows us to draw a conclusion about the autobiographical nature of these letters, as well as clarify some facts of the poet’s biography. CONCLUSION. N.I. Glazkov’s connection with the Tambov region is one of the most significant pages in his creative biography. The practical significance of this conclusion lies in the possibility of using the epistolary heritage for further research into the creative biography of the poet and establishing his influence on the literary process in Tambov in the 1950s–1970s.

Car Rental System

Abstract: Car rental systems play a vital role in providing individuals and businesses with a flexible and convenient solution for their transportation needs. Whether it’s for a weekend getaway, a business trip, or simply to meet temporary mobility requirements, car rental services offer a wide range of vehicles and rental options to suit diverse preferences and circumstances. This paper explores the intricacies of car rental systems, including their objectives, operational processes, customer interactions, and the broader impact on the transportation industry. The main objective of a car rental system is to facilitate access to reliable and well-maintained vehicles for customers’ personal or business use. This objective is achieved through a structured process that begins with the reservation of a vehicle. Customers can choose to reserve a car through physical rental agencies or online platforms, providing details such as pick-up and drop-off locations, dates, times, and vehicle preferences. This initial step sets the foundation for a seamless rental experience by ensuring that the desired vehicle is available at the specified time and location. Upon arrival at the rental location, customers are required to provide identification and documentation, such as a valid driver’s license and credit card for payment. These measures help verify the customer’s eligibility to rent a vehicle and mitigate potential risks associated with unauthorized vehicle usage. Additionally, rental agencies may offer insurance options to provide customers with peace of mind and financial protection against unforeseen events during the rental period. Once the necessary documentation is processed, customers receive instructions on operating the vehicle, including safety guidelines and any specific features unique to the rental vehicle. This orientation ensures that customers are equipped with the knowledge and confidence to drive the vehicle safely and responsibly. Throughout the rental period, customers have the freedom to use the vehicle according to their needs while adhering to the terms and conditions outlined in the rental agreement. Key considerations during the rental period include mileage restrictions, fuel policies, and potential charges for damages or violations. Mileage restrictions may vary depending on the rental agreement, with options for unlimited mileage or a predetermined allowance with additional charges for exceeding the limit. Fuel policies typically require customers to return the vehicle with the same level of fuel as when it was rented or pay a refueling fee to cover the cost of replenishing the fuel tank. Any damages or violations incurred during the rental period may result in additional charges, highlighting the importance of responsible vehicle usage. At the end of the rental period, customers return the vehicle to the designated drop-off location. Rental agencies or online platforms conduct a thorough inspection of the vehicle to assess its condition and identify any damages or discrepancies. This inspection process serves to protect the interests of both the rental agency and the customer by ensuring that the vehicle is returned in the same condition as when it was rented, excluding normal wear and tear. Final payment settlement occurs during the vehicle return process, where any additional charges for damages, violations, or optional services are applied to the customer’s payment method on file. Rental agencies may also offer loyalty programs or discounts for repeat customers as a way to incentivize continued patronage and enhance customer satisfaction. In addition to providing a convenient transportation solution for individuals and businesses, car rental systems contribute to the broader transportation industry by promoting mobility, reducing the need for vehicle ownership, and supporting economic activity through rental fees and associated services. Moreover, car rental services play a crucial role in facilitating tourism and travel by offering visitors the flexibility to explore destinations at their own pace and convenience. Keywords: car rental systems, objectives, operational processes, customer interactions, transportation industry, reservation, documentation, insurance options, vehicle orientation, rental agreement, mileage restrictions, fuel policies, damages, violations, vehicle return process, payment settlement, loyalty programs, tourism, travel.

Nearing his 90th Anniversary. Not so Cheerful Memories. Yakov Gilinsky Answers Boris Doktorov’s Questions. Interview prepared by B.Z. Doktorov

Strictly speaking this is an anniversary interview with Yakov I. Gilinsky, a renowned Russian sociologist and criminologist who dedicated many years of his life to researching various forms of deviant behavior. But in reality this is me having a discussion with a colleague and a friend who is approaching an important milestone in his life – his 90th birthday. With this being far from our first discussion about his life experience and accomplishments, as ten years ago he spoke about himself in a book titled “Me in the World, the World in me”, and bearing in mind that there are multiple videos on YouTube where he was interviewed, I thought it would be appropriate to avoid going over every stage of Mr. Gilinsky’s life and instead suggested we talk about events that transpired within the previous 20 years, leaving the more distant past in the background. Thanks to this key component of the conversation readers can get some insight into the trials and tribulations that his ancestors went through, into his path towards becoming a scientist and his accomplishments in the field, as well as into the happy and most productive years of his life during the perestroika. Readers learn about Mr. Gilinsky’s frequent communication with the world’s most renowned criminologists, his participation in major scientific conferences, his business trips and travels with his wife – who was always by his side – when they visited many countries in Europe and located on other continents. But aside from that we discuss the dynamics of important global and national macro-political processes, negative tendencies in the development of social sciences in Russia, overwhelming hardship in his own personal life, all of which made our conversation not all that cheerful. That being said, overall Yakov Gilinsky made it in life, his achievements will be relevant for many years to come.

Exploring determinants of freeway service area usage in the context of sustainable and collaborated development for transport and tourism

Freeway service areas (FSA) provide a variety of services for road users, but these services in some cases do not guarantee the satisfaction of road users. Understanding the factors that affect the satisfaction of FSA is crucial for transportation and tourism-related departments. This paper uses a structural equation model (SEM) to examine the relationships between geographical location, routine function and satisfaction with FSA, in the context of six representative FSAs in Shaanxi province, China. The samples are divided into three clusters to investigate the sensitivity of tourists with different travel demands to the above relationship. In addition, the ordered logit model is used to verify the results of SEM and analyze the influencing factors of FSA satisfaction. Results indicate that increasing attraction levels of transport and tourism are considered to be the key determinants in improving the satisfaction with FSA, and policies and suggestions should meet tourists’ different demands. Undifferentiated policies, while useful to help improve satisfaction with FSA, may have a negative impact on some certain groups, such as those on an official business trip. This study provides theoretical and practical insights into how relevant departments and organizations with respect to transport and tourism formulate strategies for the construction and sustainable development of FSA.

Assessing the impacts of videoconferences on domestic business flights in Brazil’s post-pandemic era

During the COVID-19 pandemic, society realized that many activities could be conducted remotely, achieving similar or superior results. Several trends were anticipated and consolidated, such as remote work and hybrid activities. In this context, the air transport market was also profoundly affected, and we are still trying to understand the size and depth of the ongoing changes. It has become crucial for airline market strategies to evaluate how the behavior of business passenger demand has changed, considering the new conditions created and the intensified use of information and communication technology (ICT) tools, particularly videoconferencing. The article aims to identify and analyze the factors that have influenced the number of domestic business flights in Braziĺs post-pandemic era, focusing on the increased use of ICT. It applied a logit model to a database collected at Congonhas Airport in São Paulo, the second busiest airport in the country and the seventh in Latin America, which operates only domestic flights and is used mainly for business trips. Findings showed that the most significant variables influencing reduced travel for work were the number of trips made, the company’s market segment, and travelers’ perceptions about how the company dealt with topics such as productivity, employee well-being, videoconference use, and airline ticket purchases. With this understanding, airlines can develop more effective advertising strategies, enhance ticket sales, and prospect customers in more promising market niches.

Preclinical Online Sсreening for Stress-Associated Disorders in Combatants

Background: the need to improve standards, organizational methods and practical scientific approaches to the prevention and treatment of mental pathology and the restoration of mental health of military personnel involved in combat operations determines the importance of developing and implementing effective strategies for correcting the mental state of combatants. The aim: to analyze the results of preclinical online screening of stress-associated disorders in combatants to assess its effectiveness in conducting routine psychoprophylactic examinations of military personnel after returning from the combat zone. Subjects and methods: 176 male employees of the Russian Guard who returned after a business trip of up to 90 days in the combat zone were examined. All combatants underwent preclinical online screening for the detection of stress-associated mental disorders, including methods regulated by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. After testing, the obtained data were processed using cluster analysis by the K-means method. Clinical and psychopathological examination and laboratory studies were conducted, including: the content of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), testosterone and cortisol levels, processing of the data obtained using statistical methods. Results: the combination of high levels of evening cortisol and CDT in combatants may indicate a complex interaction of physical stress, psychological trauma and possible alcohol abuse, which may be the result of both specific conditions of military service and a way to cope with post-war stress and trauma. Conclusions: it was found that the data of preclinical screening testing are consistent with clinical and laboratory results. Online screening testing for the detection of stress-associated disorders in combatants, combined with the determination of testosterone, evening cortisol and CDT levels, can serve as markers of the presence of stress-associated disorders.

Sociodemographic, contextual and psychological factors predicting secondary task engagement: A nationwide interview study among car drivers in Germany

One of the leading causes of crashes is the distraction of drivers caused by performing secondary tasks. This study investigated the impact of sociodemographic, contextual factors, and driver characteristics on secondary task engagement while driving in Germany. We conducted a nationwide face-to-face semi-standardized interview study with car drivers in Germany. In total, 1,072 drivers were interviewed. The data of 949 drivers were included in the analysis. Overall, they reported 2,146 secondary tasks. Drivers performed, on average, 2.3 non-driving-related activities (SD = 1.7) during the last 30 min of their trip. Consistent with previous findings, the presence of passengers was associated with a decrease in the amount of other secondary tasks, especially on the mobile phone. Young drivers (<25 years), in particular, were twice as likely to undertake secondary activities on the phone compared to older ones. Among drivers with a high mobile phone addiction score, tasks on the mobile phone were significantly more likely to be performed while driving. During longer trips, more secondary activities are performed within the last 30 min than during short trips (<30 min). Surprisingly, the purpose of the trip also has a significant influence insofar as trips for leisure activities, in particular, are more frequently associated with secondary activities than shopping and business trips. The results of this study help to determine better crash probabilities based on influencing factors, which in turn should form the basis for specific customised information and educational campaigns.

Perancangan Sistem Monitoring Perjalanan Dinas Pada Komisi Pemilihan Umum Provinsi Sumatera Utara Berbasis Web

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;In general, official travel is travel undertaken by employees in a company that is related to official work duties. The official duties of the North Sumatra Province General Election Commission still use manual methods by recording documents in the official travel system. And they do not yet have an effective monitoring system designed to facilitate their activities, so that the official travel system does not run according to its development. The method used is waterfall because it has a design flow to find out directly the needs of the secretary, head of section, head of sub-section, treasurer to meet clear needs. With the design of this monitoring system, North Sumatra provincial KPU employees can search for official travel data easily and quickly. These functional requirements can be accessed by Admin, employees and officials&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keywords&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Business trips, Monitoring systems, Waterfall.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

The dominant pests (Coleoptera) of cereal crops, and population forecast for this

Goal. Create a forecast of the development of harmful organisms in cereal crops, to determine the economic feasibility of applying plant protection measures.&#x0D; Methods. Analysis of the phytosanitary state of cereal crops in Ukraine, where the main attention is paid to the dominant pest species. Analysis of the areas of distribution of these pests, population dynamics, their phenology and the state of populations in the context of natural and climatic zones (Steppe, Forest-steppe and Polissya). To assess the phytosanitary state of crops, and its dynamic changes, the following are used: — the results of phytosanitary monitoring of crops (according to generally accepted methods), which were carried out directly by the staff of the forecast laboratory of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS; — current reports of researchers from other laboratories of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS from the places of business trips; — materials of decadal reports of regional plant protection stations, as well as signaling and forecasting points; — information on the phytosanitary situation from regional state research stations and institutes of NAAS.&#x0D; Results. A study of the phytosanitary state of cereal crops on the territory of Ukraine was carried out, the dominant species of pests were identified, materials were prepared regarding the peculiarities of the phytosanitary state in the conditions of the year, and a long-term (annual) forecast of the development of pests for the next year was drawn up, based on the appropriate analysis of the data obtained.&#x0D; Conclusions. In recent years, climate change in Ukraine has manifested itself through an increase in the average annual temperature, and an increase in the sum of effective temperatures. A decrease in the zone of sufficient soil moisture was noted, its line shifted to the north. Under the influence of abiotic factors, pests constantly change the boundaries of their habitat and zones of damage, therefore reliable protection of crops is impossible without constant monitoring, constant clarification of the species composition of phytophages, and phytosanitary forecast. Improved methodological approaches for assessing the phytosanitary state of acrocyanoses and the promptness of obtaining relevant data will allow agricultural producers to make timely decisions on the economic feasibility of using certain plant protection products.

Bogdan N. Kotiv — surgeon, professor, general of medicine (on the 60th anniversary of his birth)

March 14, 2024, marked the 60th anniversary of Bogdan N. Kotiv, the Deputy Head of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov for clinical work, abnormal chief surgeon of the Academy, Honorary Doctor of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, and Major General of the Medical Service. After graduating from the academy, B.N. Kotiv served in the Transcaucasian Military District as a leading surgeon in a separate medical battalion. In 1988, a young military surgeon participated in the provision of assistance to victims of the earthquake in the city of Spitak (Armenia) and received the first experience in providing medical care in military field conditions. In 1990, B.N. Kotiv entered the adjunct school at the Department of General Surgery, and in 1993, he successfully defended his dissertations for the degree of candidate of medical sciences. In 1998, the dissertation for the Doctor of Medical Sciences degree was brilliantly defended. In 2006, Bogdan N. Kotiv headed the Department of Hospital Surgery. When it was going through difficult times, a reorganization of the educational process occurred. Bogdan N. carefully preserved the traditions of teaching thoracic surgery and actively introduced the experience of modern complex surgical interventions into the educational process, including on the abdominal organs. The surgical school of the Department of Hospital Surgery rapidly took a leading position. In 2013, B.N. Kotiv was appointed the Deputy Head of the Academy for Academic and Scientific Work. Since 2021, Bogdan N. Kotiv has been the Deputy Head of the Academy for Clinical Work. He controlled and coordinated the clinical base of the academy, organized interactions with military hospitals throughout the country, and often went on business trips. At the beginning of a special military operation, a colossal responsibility fell on his shoulders. There was a need to quickly solve the permanently emerging problems of organizing the provision of medical care to the wounded in the conditions of the Academy clinics. With his direct participation, the clinical base was redesigned, its bed capacity was expanded, and new technologies for providing specialized medical care to the wounded, sick, and injured were introduced. For several generations of surgeons, Bogdan N. has been a wise mentor and role model. Under the leadership of Bogdan N. Kotiv, the range of scientific research conducted at the academy has significantly expanded. The fundamental directions of medicine for the study of the molecular and cellular foundations of combat lesions and cellular and tissue engineering technologies have received new development, and multidisciplinary scientific research is being conducted regarding the regenerative abilities of the liver.

Foreign Experience Review on Engineering Protection of Seashores and Hillslopes

Introduction. During design, construction and operation of buildings and structures in the coastal areas there arises a serious problem of engineering protection of coasts and hillslopes from the dangerous geological processes, which include the coastal erosion, underflooding of territories, hillslope erosion, gravitational (slope) processes, such as intensification of landslides, etc. These processes often result in significant economic damage usually related to the non-recoverable loss of valuable coastal territories, deformation of buildings and structures, damage and destruction of the objects of transport and engineering infrastructure. In this regard, the study of the advanced foreign experience in engineering protection of the coastal areas and the evaluation of the possibility of it to be implemented in Russia is a relevant scientific and engineering task.Materials and methods. To prepare the review, the following data was used: field observation data with photographic evidences of the objects of engineering protection of seashores and hillslopes obtained by the authors during a business trip to the People's Republic of China (PRC) in October–November 2023; study and analysis of literature sources in the subject area, including the methods and technologies implemented in the Netherlands, Japan, the USA, Great Britain, Italy; summary and systematisation of the coastal protection methods for further development of their classification and evaluation of the possibility of implementing thereof in the Russian Federation.Research results. The main principles of design, the advanced methods and technologies of coastal protection used in China have been defined. They include: construction of the multi-level protective structures, such as the multiple-row breakwaters of special shape in combination with the stepped retaining walls, the vertical walls consisting of the driven piles, anchoring and spray-concrete covering of the slopes in combination with the metal meshes; terracing in combination with the retaining reinforced concrete (horizontal and vertical) crossbeams; the sloping wave-absorbing reinforced concrete surfaces; the meshy structures and fences combating the Aeolian processes, etc.The main methods used in the Netherlands, Japan, the USA and Italy for comprehensive protection of the large territories have been defined. Such as: the network of dams, weirs, wave breakers, coast paving, regulation of the flows by water locks and barriers, creation of the artificial protective islands; artificial replenishment with sand; creation of the green spaces along the coast; forming the dunes — natural or artificial hills of sand or pebbles located along the coast; creation of the concrete structures, stone jetties, floating constructions and even artificial reefs.The importance of management was emphasised, including the early warning systems for storms and tsunamis, weather and marine condition monitoring systems, as well as dissemination of the warning messages and evacuation plans among the population in the areas of potential threat.Discussion and conclusion. Based on the results of the review, the main conclusions were formulated. The recommendations were given on the possible ways of improving the coastal protection of the Caucasian Black Sea Coast and other coastal areas of the Russian Federation based on the advanced foreign experience.

A Novel Approach on Early Prediction of Employee Attrition in an Institution using Machine Learning Techniques

Abstract: Institutions can only succeed if they have good employees. Retaining a good employee in an institution is a must to its growth. Sometimes, employees face issues in their institution because of overwork, no promotions, no rewards for good work, not seeing eye to eye with their manager, frequent business trips and extreme conditions which lead them to look for new jobs in the market. Employee attrition can be curbed if these causes are found sooner. To predict an employee’s resignation, Machine Learning Techniques are utilized. Attrition rates in an organization are predicted by factors such as work-life balance, opportunities, office atmosphere, pay, and other benefits. The Human Resources team will find the attrition rate data to be quite helpful in keeping exceptional employees. Random Forest, K-Nearest, Support Vector Machine and XG Boost are algorithms used to predict the attrition rate in an institution. The Human Resources Management (HRM) dataset is used by the models to detect various data aspects and efficiently estimate employee attrition.