Business Process Modeling Notation Research Articles

The Analysis of Business Process Management Notation (Purchase Order) in Small Medium Enterprise: A Case Study

This is the field of study that deal with business process management. This turns out to be problematic because to get successful business need appropriate business process management. The way to describe a business process is making a business process modeling notation (BPMN). BPMN make business process easier to understand for all users in the organization. Small and medium enterprise (SME) also needs to designed BPMN to achieve business effectiveness. This study use qualitative approach, data collected from interview and observation in Swamart Swalayan as small retail enterprise. The overall goal of this work was to find out the evaluation purchase order system and existing supplies at Swamart Supermarkets by using BPMN. From the result, Swamart Supermarket have some problem in handling the inventory. Improvement of inventory management and duties segregation are needed by Swamart Swalayan to achieve better goals.

Business Education and Training During the Enterprises' Digital Transformation: Notation Alignment and Equivalence Rules Among the Enterprises' Business Process Models

Business process modeling attracts great importance in enterprises due to the need for a graphically simplified and less verbal way to manage their operations. Nevertheless, the existence of various process modeling standards across the different departments of the same enterprise, such as Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) diagrams, classic flowcharts, Gantt charts and Petri nets, urges their notation alignment. After the business process model nota-tion alignment, complex constraints and relationships among the enterprise's department processes can be automated and simplified. In the light of the digital transformation of today's enterprises, the main objective of this paper is the proposal of a straightforward and simplified business educational equivalence table so that a direct conversion among BPMN diagrams, flowcharts, Gantt Charts and Petri Nets can be locally fulfilled by non-specialized personnel in each enterprise's department. The methodology of this paper can be generalized in every enterprise where the aforementioned process modeling standards across its different departments coexist.

Decision Support System for Green Supplier Selection Using the Fuzzy Inference System Method in Abrasive Companies

The development of information and communication technology makes it easier for users in the industrial world to make decisions in choosing environmentally friendly suppliers more easily. This study aims to determine the selection of green suppliers of all the criteria that have been determined and make a decision support system for selecting green suppliers with the Fuzzy Inference System method. The method used in making identification of green supplier selection is to create criteria based on fuzzy rules and to make digital business modeling using business process modeling notation. Decision support there are 4 criteria used, namely price, reject quality, late delivery and environmental management. Based on the results of research conducted it is known that with the fuzzy inference system method that is assisted using matlab software, the optimization results on the fuzzy inference system show that prices are 20.5%, quality is 5.5%, environment is 5.5%, and material delays are 3%, then supplier performance in selecting green suppliers with a decision making system of 55% so that green supplier selection is obtained at abrasive companies.

A Digital Business Modelling for Green Supplier Selection of Potato Chips Agroindustry

The development of information and communication technology makes it easier for users in the industrial world to make decisions in selecting green suppliers easier. Digital Business Ecosystem (DBE) is a centralized collaboration environment of the species as a community of stakeholders in the business ecosystem. This paper explains the selection of green suppliers through analysis and design to answer the information needs and decisions of stakeholders in the potato processing industry to increase the competitive value of the potato processing industry in Indonesia. Potato chip agroindustry in its processing can be with industries that are not environmentally friendly. This will have an impact on the demand for potato chips because consumers are more selective in choosing a product, therefore the concept of green supplier selection appears, namely the application of supplier selection that considers environmental aspects in it. This study aims to identify stakeholders in the selection of green suppliers, analyse and evaluate criteria for selecting green suppliers and to make digital business modelling for selecting green supplier. The method used in making identification of system requirements for the selection of green suppliers using the use case, making the criteria for selecting green suppliers using fuzzy rule based, making a digital business modelling of green supplier selection using Business Process Modelling Notation. So that in the future it can facilitate users in agroindustry of potato chips to be faster in selecting green suppliers so that the procurement of raw materials and production processes can run smoothly.

Modelling Operation of Logistics Management in Modern Market: A Case Study in Indonesian Retail Company

Logistics management holds an important role for every company include product procurement, product storage, and product distribution. Rapid technology development is insisting the company to use all of its resources maximally and professionally to support their success. Implementation of logistics management can be seen in the retail company. Design of the logistical management operation model, using the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), needs to be done for better implementation. The needs for design are identified by using system request and feasibility analysis that will be able to reduce non-value added time in the order picking process and able to simplify the company’s logistics activity. The system entity is analyzed and shows the affecting factors are: input, process, output, objectives, stakeholder, resources, internal control, operating constraint, opportunities, and threats. Then, the conceptual model of the logistics management model is built through the application of value chain analysis and the application of the canvas operating model. At the new warehouse location, a warehouse management system will be implemented and built collaboration with several fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) suppliers. Then Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN) is used to model logistics business processes, inbound logistics business processes, inventory management business processes, and outbound logistics business processes. The business process model will be used as a reference for the company to carry out its logistics business operation.

Workflow analysis for design of an electronic health record-based tobacco cessation intervention in community health centers.

ObjectiveTobacco use is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States. Quitlines are effective telephone-based tobacco cessation services but are underutilized. The goal of this project was to describe current clinical workflows for Quitline referral and design an optimal electronic health record (EHR)-based workflow for Ask-Advice-Connect (AAC), an evidence-based intervention to increase Quitline referrals.Materials and methodsTen Community Health Center systems (CHC), which use three different EHRs, participated in this study. Methods included: 9 group discussions with CHC leaders; 33 observations/interviews of clinical teams' workflow; surveys with 57 clinical staff; and assessment of the EHR ecosystem in each CHC. Data across these methods were integrated and coded according to the Fit between Individual, Task, Technology and Environment (FITTE) framework. The current and optimal workflow were notated using Business Process Modelling Notation. We compared the requirements of the optimal workflow with EHR capabilities.ResultsCurrent workflows are inefficient in data collection, variable in who, how, and when tobacco cessation advice and referral are enacted, and lack communication between referring clinics and the Quitline. In the optimal workflow, medical assistants deliver a standardized AAC intervention during the visit intake. Referrals are submitted electronically, and there is bidirectional communication between the clinic and Quitline. We implemented AAC within all three EHRs; however, deviations from the optimal workflow were necessary.ConclusionCurrent workflows for Quitline referral are inefficient and ineffective. We propose an optimal workflow and discuss improvements in EHR capabilities that would improve the implementation of AAC.

Unraveling Iterative Control Structures from Business Processes

Iterative control structures allow the repeated execution of tasks, activities or sub-processes according to the given conditions in a process model. Iterative control structures can significantly increase the risk of triggering temporal exceptions since activities within the scope of these control structures could be repeatedly executed until a predefined condition is met. In this paper, we propose two approaches to unravel iterative control structures from process models. The first approach unravels loops based on zero-one principle. The second approach unravels loops based on branching probabilities assigned at split gateways. The proposed methods can be used to unfold structured loops, nested loops and crossing loops. Since the unfolded model does not contain any iterative control structures, it can be used for further analysis by process designers during the modeling phase. The proposed methods are implemented based on workflow graphs, and therefore they are compatible with modeling languages such as Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN). In the experiments, the execution behavior of unfolded process models is compared against the original models based on the concept of runs. Experimental results reveal that runs generated from the original models can be correctly executed in the unfolded BPMN models that do not contain any loops.

Modelling workforce employability pipelines for organisational resilience

Large organisations use both internal and external methods to educate their workforce. Workforce approaches in Defence were usually of a closed nature, characterised by entry at recruitment and sequential and hierarchical rank progression. More recently, emerging technology and the associated pace of societal change has required Defence to recruit more laterally and to outsource more education, both ab initio and development. The growing complexity of workforce problems, therefore, challenges military educational decision making to increase its focus on organisational resilience. Modelling and Simulation (M&S) can take messy, ill-defined problems and build models for decision support and problem-solving. M&S is being explored in Defence workforce employability planning to deliver education that is more resilient to perturbations and can more confidently predict graduate demand for educational support partnering. However, the effective use of M&S can be compromised if it is not cognitively useful for the problem owner. A new transformational approach between the modeller and the managers of Defence educational workforce is proposed and illustrated by two conceptual case studies. The method uses the module-based translation between Business Process Model Notation (BPMN) design patterns and systems dynamics building blocks to reduce the problem owner’s reliance on specialist modellers. This approach increases the cognitive effectiveness of proposed workforce education solutions and the sharing and reuse of workforce M&S applications. Any large organisation with sufficient human resource and systems engineering support could adopt this new approach to model and simulate their workforce education and examine their resilience to fluctuations.

An empirical study of rules for mapping BPMN models to graphical user interfaces

Generation of Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) from Business Process Model Notation (BPMN) models is a step manually performed by an analyst in any information system development. By analyzing twelve BPMN projects and comparing them with their associated GUIs, a set of rules for mapping BPMN models expressed in terms of BPMN patterns to GUIs has been identified. This paper provides three main contributions: an empirical validation of these mapping rules; a classification of their alternatives to identify which ones support usability; and the validation of this classification. We conducted an experiment to study whether 43 participants apply the same rules as previously identified with response variables as: correctness of the rules, their completeness, perceived usefulness and intention to use. To select the mapping rules alternatives that effectively impact usability, we classified them according to empirically validated usability guidelines found in the literature. We also validated them with participants and response variables as: correctness of the guidelines, their perceived usefulness and intention to use. Correctness of the mapping rules was assessed positively (74%), as well as their completeness (76%), perceived usefulness (95%) and intention to use (68%). Correctness of the usability recommendations for using these mapping rules was also assesses positively (57%), as well as their perceived usefulness (86%) and intention to use (72%). This paper provides analysts with effective and efficient guidance on how to apply them consistently and to feed a software for semi-automatic transformation of BPMN models into their corresponding GUIs.

BIM-based LCA and energy analysis for optimised sustainable building design in Ghana

Integration of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is regarded as useful for making design decisions regarding the environmental and health impacts of building products and materials. This research aimed at studying the process of BIM-LCA integration to assist designers in making sustainable material and product selection decisions in Ghana. A guidance framework for implementation of BIM-LCA supported by energy analysis has been developed to aid optimisation of sustainable design solutions based on simulations using Autodesk Revit as a BIM authoring tool, Green Building Studio and Tally to perform energy and LCA simulations on a hypothetical two-bedroom single-family house. The research considers both operational and embodied carbon effects of the design solution. The framework aligns with the RIBA Plan of Work 2013 Stages 0–2 (i.e. Strategic definition, Preparation and briefing, and Concept design) and presents a systematic approach for BIM-based LCA estimation for the early design stages using the Business Process Modelling Notation. The paper proposes a generic approach which has the potential to incorporate LCA as an integral part to the BIM-enabled design development process. This assists designers in decision-making that consider environmental impacts of materials and energy consumption as part of sustainable building design considerations.

Rancangan Marketplace Hewan Ternak Application

MarketPlace of livestock is engaged in the business of selling and purchasing which broadly has the activities of selling and purchasing animals. Usually have several system Admins who work and control an application system by handling also the development of businessmen in the application, including making reports and managing master data. In this study business process observations were made from observations of free-range applications which have become a unique marketplace specifically for livestock. The business process that is happening right now, that an application provides a place for various pet shops to pour their sales business activities in accordance with the dimensions of the animals they sell, on the other hand also receives intensive care services for animal development for farmers. It takes a long time for a common marketplace application to get a service maintenance partner, and time brackets along with maintenance service wages that are proportional to the value of feed prices, an increase in the amount of food, and season conditions for a sales activity there is no precise analysis. Based on the needs of this matter, a design of a new market place application design is needed which is equivalent to a market place in general, which only has the ability to sell and purchase. In the analysis phase of modeling using Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN), while the design stage uses Unified Modeling Language (UML). The design of this application will be a guideline in implementing software in future research.

Definition and Evaluation of BPMN4Social

The emergence and quick adoption of social media, exemplified with Web 2.0 applications like Facebook and Instagram, has led to a new form of business processes (BP) called social business processes (SBP). An SBP encompasses aspects from both the business world and the social world. Contrarily to the business aspects, which can be captured using existing modeling languages like the standard business process modeling notation (BPMN), the social aspects cannot be modeled by these languages. This paper addresses this limitation by defining BPMN4Social, a domain specific language for SBP modeling. BPMN4Social minimally extends BPMN with social concepts that are independent of any particular Web 2.0 application. Besides its support by the BPMN2 modeler editor, BPMN4Social is accompanied by a catalog of socialization patterns that describe common social scenarios and that can assist business process designers in their modeling activities. This paper also reports on the evaluation of BPMN4Social usability in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction.

An Ontology Framework for Generating Requirements Specification

Requirements engineering is the initial process of software development that critically determines the overall software process quality. However, this process is error-prone. This is generally related to the factors of communication, knowledge, and documentation. With the lack of business knowledge, it is complicated for (technical) engineers to define customer needs. Also, modeling and documenting requirements need much time and effort to ensure that the requirements are valid, and nothing is missed. The current approach of the requirements modeling process mostly focuses on the Unified Modeling Notation (UML) use case, that not provide enough information for a stakeholder to define system requirements. The generated SRS is still lack of detail development guideline that increase risk of development error. The purpose of this research is to guide for the elicitation process to avoid missing and mismatch requirements, and to make the modeling and documentation process more effective and efficient. We propose an ontology framework for generating requirements specification. This framework, namely the Rule-Based Ontology Framework (ROF) consists of two main processes: First, requirements elicitation. This step provides a guideline for the stakeholder to define system requirements based on the problem of the current system and business process enhancement. Based on this final requirement list, the requirements ontology is generated. Second, the auto-generation of the requirements specification document. The document consists of semi-formal modeling and natural language. In this research, we use Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) is a modeling language. For natural language documents, we use IEEE for the SRS template.

Using look-ahead plans to improve material flow processes on construction projects when using BIM and RFID technologies

PurposeBuilding information modelling (BIM) and radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies have been extensively explored to improve supply chain visibility and coordination of material flow processes, particularly in the pursuit of Industry 4.0. It remains challenging, however, to effectively use these technologies to enable the precise and reliable coordination of material flow processes. This paper aims to propose a new workflow designed to include the use of detailed look-ahead plans when using BIM and RFID technologies, which can accurately track and match both the dynamic site needs and supply status of materials.Design/methodology/approachThe new workflow is designed according to lean theory and is modeled using business process modeling notation. To digitally support the workflow, an integrated BIM-RFID database system is constructed that links information on material demands with look-ahead plans. The new workflow is then used to manage material flows in the erection of an office building with prefabricated columns. The performance of the new workflow is compared with that of a traditional workflow, using discrete event simulations. The input for the simulations was derived from expert opinion in semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe new workflow enables contractors to better observe on-site status and differences between the actual and planned material requirements, as well as to alert suppliers if necessary. The simulation results indicate that the new workflow has the potential to reduce the duration of the material flow processes by 16.1% compared with the traditional workflow.Research limitations/implicationsThe new workflow is illustrated using a real-world-like situation with input data based on expert opinion. Although the workflow shows potential, it should be tested on a real-world site.Practical implicationsThe new workflow allows project participants to combine detailed near-term look-ahead plans with BIM and RFID technologies to better manage material flow processes. It is particularly useful for the management of engineer-to-order components considering the dynamic site progress.Originality/valueThe research improves on existing research focused on using BIM and RFID technologies to improve material flow processes by showing how the workflow can be adapted to use detailed look-ahead plans. It reinforces data-driven construction material management practices through improved visibility and reliability in planning and control of material flow processes.

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN SYSTEM PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT OF PURPLE SWEET POTATOES INSTANT PORRIDGE

A system analysis and design of purple sweet potatoes instant porridge product development is design elements that interact using the system input of purple sweet potatoes as raw material which is operated by the stage of formulation, analysis, and optimization. The purpose of this research are determine the appropriate process parameters in producing purple sweet potatoes instant porridge, as well as to optimize the proportion of components in the production of purple sweet potatoes instant porridge, which are the purple sweet potatoes as raw material, water, CMC and dextrin; those which affect the responses: yield, rehydrating capacity, voluminous density and stickiness in the mouth. Production system modeling purple sweet potatoes instant porridge simulated using and Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN). The result of analysis are the proportion of purple sweet potatoes instant porridge components; which is purple sweet potatoes, water, CMC and dextrin, has significant effect on the level of 5% to the responses of yield, capacity rehydration, voluminous density, and stickiness in the mouth. The optimization process generates the formula for instant porridge with proportion of 25.00% purple sweet potatoes, 73.03% water, 0.00% CMC and 1.97% dextrin to the value of desirability 0.662. The parameters contained in the model were validated by checking the model design. The validation result with no error and warning concluded that the parameters used in designing the model are appropriate.

Analisis Proses Bisnis pada Dinas Perdagangan Kota XYZ dengan Menggunakan Business Process Management Lifecycle

The XYZ City Trade Office is a government organization that is engaged in regulating the stability of staple food through trade activities in XYZ City. This study aims to identify the existing business processes at the XYZ City Trade Office, in addition to being identified, this study will also conduct an analysis and improvement and redesign of the business processes currently being implemented by the XYZ City Trade Office. The steps taken to identify business processes are by conducting interviews related to the duties and functions of each entity and the Office to stakeholders in the XYZ City Trade Office. The methodology used to identify, describe, analyze and redesign business processes is the Business Process Life Cycle (BPM Lifecycle). The identification results are 36 business processes, and 3 of them are export business processes, import business processes, and processes Business Can Send and Evaluate. In all three business processes further evaluation and analysis are carried out. The analysis and evaluation is to first describe the business process in the form of business process modeling notation (BPMN) using bizagi modeller, then measure the quality of business processes, and analyze weaknesses, and compare with the duties and functions of the Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia, so that improvements to the process for the third the business process. Improvements for the Export and Import business processes are by adding oversight processes at the shipping stage, and business process improvements Conducting Shipment and Evaluation is by removing the activities of Giving Delivery News.
 
 Keywords: Business Process, BPMN, BPM Lifecycle, Bizagi Modeller

System analysis and design of aromatherapy products for innovation performance assessment toward competitive commercialization phase

Many new essential oil-based aromatherapy products invented by researchers failed to be commercialized and ended up in scientific publication. In fact, many commercialized products were unable to survive in market. In order to avoid these failures, performance of technology has to be assessed. Technology readiness assessment for innovation of aromatherapy products or services represent assuredness to the products. Technological readiness levels (TRLs) are widely adopted to assess the maturity of new technology. The business process model of innovation performance toward commercialization is conducted using System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method. Through SDLC, the innovation performance system entity and Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN) were constructed. BPMN which constructs notation of business process shows that the stakeholders involved in innovation performance assessment are innovator, evaluator, research center and investor. TRLs system of aromatherapy products were then developed for innovation performance assessment. It was able to define criteria, attributes, and metrics for performance assessment based on the basic concept of TRLs and aromatherapy. Finally, validation was done using Fuzzy Inference System (FIS). The result shows that the developed TRLs system of aromatherapy products is valid for performance assessment. It is also conforming to TRLs and aromatherapy basic concept.

Business Process Analysis and Improvement in Selling Process Using Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN) at Locarvest

This research is conducted in Locarvest. Established in 2015, Locarvest is an online platform company that selling agricultural products based in Bandung. They see the importance of agricultural products for humans and people who like to shop online as an opportunity for them to sell local agricultural products online. Currently, they have been developing a website to change their selling platform which will be launched soon in the late of July 2019. They assume that the website can create a simpler selling process. However, they do not have their written business process where many companies have become increasingly interested in business processes due to the need for effective and efficient activities (Dave, 2017). In here, the objectives of this research are to analyze and model the current business process of Locarvest and propose a new business process to solve Locarvest’s current problem using the concept of Business Process Management (BPM) and the design is modeled using Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN). To model the current business process, interviews with the employees of Locarvest and observation in the office were conducted. The result of this paper is proposing some improvements within the business process by eliminating some activities and create some new activities for Locarvest. The design also has been approved by the employees of Locarvest.
 Keywords: Business process, Business Process Management, Business Process Modelling Notation, case study, agriculture

Towards a BPMN Security Extension for the Visualization of Cyber Security Requirements

Business process modeling notation (BPMN) is a widely used business model process. The importance of security is apparent, but traditionally, it is considered after the business processes definition. There is a need for integrated tools and a methodology that allows for specifying and enforcing compliance and security requirements for business process-driven enterprise systems. Therefore, it is very important to capture the security requirements at conceptual stage in order to identify the security needs. BPMN is lacking the ability to model and present security concepts. This will increase the vulnerability of the system and make the future development of security for the system more difficult. This article proposes a novel extension to BPMN notation based on cyber security ontologies. The authors incorporate visual constructs for modeling security requirements. In order to provide a commonly usable extension, these enhancements were implemented as BPMN metamodel extension. The authors illustrate capabilities and benefits of extension with a real-life example.

Employing resilience engineering in eliciting software requirements for complex systems: experiments with the functional resonance analysis method (FRAM)

Resilience engineering provides concepts and methods for assessing the ability of socio-technical systems to adjust their functioning before, during, or after changes or disturbances. As such, this field of study has great potential to contribute to software engineering—particularly for the requirements specification for information systems—that deals with variability, unpredictability, and adaptation in complex contexts. Despite software engineers’ efforts, the requirements phase is still challenging, especially in complex socio-technical systems. In these systems, the software must be more resilient and adaptable to deal with uncertain situations. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the contributions of resilience engineering to requirements engineering to identify software requirements for complex systems. Two experiments were performed with software professionals to produce requirements specifications in healthcare. The participants used information from the functional resonance analysis method (FRAM) compared to business process modeling notation (BPMN). Both experiments were supported by a systematic approach called MacKnight. This study indicates innovative strategies to gather resilient software requirements from FRAM models for complex systems.