Business Mode Research Articles

Preservation and renewal of historical and cultural blocks under urban RBD model: A case study of Baoding West Street

Preservation and renewal of historical and cultural blocks is an important part of the urban renewal process. At present, China pays more and more attention to the protection of historical and cultural blocks, how to make historical and cultural blocks revitalized in modern cities is a problem worth thinking about. The urban RBD model provides new ideas for the protection and renewal of historical and cultural blocks. This paper intends to summarize the development and characteristics of the urban RBD model by using the literature research method and the field research method, conduct case studies on historical and cultural block-type RBDs, and try to summarize the theoretical methods for the protection and renewal of historical and cultural block-type RBDs; it also combs through the historical lineage and the business mode of Baoding’s West Street, summarizes the existing problems, and proposes a renovation strategy for West Street by using the methods of historical and cultural block-type RBDs’ protection and renewal. West Street proposes a transformation strategy.

Unveiling the Future Navigating Next-Generation AI Frontiers and Innovations in Application

As a representative of the information revolution, the Internet began in the 1960s when ARPANET was born, and after decades of development and evolution, today it has formed a global information connection and interaction network. The greatest value of the Internet is that everyone can communicate and cooperate in real time across the limitations of time and space, which greatly improves the efficiency of group communication and collaboration, and then changes the organization and operation mode of people's work, business and social activities, and ultimately promotes the advancement of human social productivity. Therefore, the major research program of interpretable and universal next generation artificial intelligence methods faces the major strategic needs of the country in the development of artificial intelligence, takes the basic science issues of artificial intelligence as the core, develops the new method system of artificial intelligence, promotes the basic research and personnel training of artificial intelligence in China, and supports China's leading position in the new round of international scientific and technological competition. In this paper, the next generation of artificial intelligence innovation and application space are summarized, and the application of advanced algorithms is analyzed.

Improving resilience in an intermodal transport network via bulk cargo transport coordination and empty container repositioning

Commodities are usually transported in bulk and are associated with the risk of environmental pollution and cargo loss during intermodal transportation. This study discusses the containerization of bulk cargo with the coordination of bulk cargo transport and empty container repositioning. In such a transport network, a bulk cargo transportation company can use empty containers to load and deliver bulk cargo. We proposed models to analyze the optimal decisions regarding the number of leased empty containers under uncertain demand. We discussed three business modes to demonstrate the financial and resilience performance of bulk cargo containerization and supply chain coordination. Our results show that the trip-sharing mode can significantly increase the amount of bulk cargo containerization by reducing the transportation cost of empty containers that need to be repositioned. This model can help bulk cargo logistics companies determine the optimal number of released containers by considering profits and risk control. This study also sheds light on ways to promote supply chain resilience by incentivizing containerization and trip sharing.

Blessing or curse? Recontextualizing ‘996’ in China's overwork debate

ABSTRACTThis study views the dispute over ‘996’ work schedule (i.e. working from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week) as a critical discursive moment in the modernization and marketization of China. It argues that behind the dispute lies the hegemonic struggles between business tycoons and the government amidst China's changing business mode. Drawing on the theories of critical discourse analysis, recontextualization, hegemony and interdiscursivity, this study examines the (de)legitimation of ‘996’ by business tycoons and official news media through the appropriation of different discourses to illuminate the hegemonic struggles behind recontextualizing ‘996’. It concludes that when the business tycoons are blatant enough to whitewash overwork as a ‘blessing’, the age-old curse in China starts to befall them.

Exploring the impact of collaboration on eco-innovation in SMEs: a contribution to the business modes of innovation framework

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to investigate how small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can effectively collaborate for eco-innovation using the business modes of innovation framework to emphasise three types of collaboration: “science, technology, and innovation” (STI), “learning by doing, using, and interacting” (DUI)-Vertical and DUI-Horizontal.Design/methodology/approachThis analysis uses data from 838 SMEs in the Basque Country (2018–2020) to evaluate the effects of the three types of collaboration on eco-innovation. The authors employ a propensity score-based method to address potential bias associated with endogeneity in innovation studies.FindingsThe findings suggest that DUI-Vertical collaboration has a positive relationship with the development of product, process and marketing eco-innovation. Furthermore, DUI-horizontal collaboration is the most effective collaboration mode for SMEs, positively impacting their overall eco-innovation portfolio. Finally, STI collaboration is positively associated with product eco-innovation.Practical implicationsPolicymakers should support SMEs by designing programmes that facilitate collaboration between competing firms to stimulate eco-innovation, but potential challenges of coopetition must be addressed. Rather than a generic, one-size-fit-all approach, SMEs' managers should identify the most appropriate partners corresponding to their specific eco-innovation goal, ensuring a more effective and targeted. Collaboration between science partners and SMEs should be reinforced by approximating the SMEs' needs more effectively.Originality/valueThis study contributes twofold. Firstly, the authors investigate whether the STI and DUI modes of innovation are determinant factors in the introduction of various types of eco-innovation. Secondly, the authors contribute to the literature on business modes of innovation by differentiating between DUI-Vertical (i.e. suppliers, customers and consultancy) and DUI-Horizontal (i.e. competitors) collaboration, thus highlighting the complexity of DUI collaboration forms.

A STUDY ON CONSUMER DECISION MAKING PROCESS FOR ONLINE SHOPPING

It is always assumed that the most important stage in a sale is when a consumer hands over the money at the billing counter or payment gateway. But when we see the bigger picture, the real challenge is to how to influence consumer behaviour. Every single step in the consumer decision-making process plays an important role. For marketers, it is imperative that they focus their attention to every stage in the buying process in order to maximize their profit. Most of the companies are now adopting to hybrid mode of business and making their presence in the web world as well through on-line portals and or through applications to sell their products/services on-line. Though online shopping is common outside India, its growth in Indian Market, which is a large and strategic consumer market, is still in line with the global market. The potential growth of on-line shopping and the dynamism of Indian Consumer buying decision process has triggered the idea of conducting a study on Consumer Decision Making Process for online shopping.

A Comparative Analysis of Standardized Inputs and Adaptation Innovation Strategies of Aeon Group and IKEA

Aeon Group and IKEA, as the first foreign retail enterprises to enter the Chinese market, entered the market with the innovative competitive advantages of standardized business modes. Finally, a re-standardized business model was formed, and the chain expansion was developed. This paper studies and analyzes the development process of their localization explorations so as to explore effective ways for multinational companies to carry out long-term development of localization in China. The author summarizes and compares their respective development paths through a thorough SWOT analysis of IKEA and Aeon. Similarities lies in many aspects of these two companies, such as brand building, cooperation with locals, marketing strategies and so on. However, differences can be seen mainly through their respective ways to solve the problems due to their own existing circumstances which obeys their backgrounds. In general, both experienced standardized inputs and innovation strategies on adaptions in accordance with local policy, marketing circumstances, customer preferences and other factors are essential to these enterprises and a brand-new localized strategy is needed.

Spillover effects of live streaming selling in a dual-channel supply chain

Live streaming selling is an emerging business mode to promote sales volume by cooperation between the members in e-commence supply chains and the key opinion leader (i.e., KOL). However, the manufacturer or e-retailer who cooperate with the KOL will bring both positive and negative spillover effects in a dual-channel e-commence supply chain. This study investigates the impact of two prominent factors, including spillover effects and consumer acceptance of direct-selling channel on equilibrium results of two sellers under three scenarios, including no KOL scenario, the manufacturer cooperating with KOL scenario (MK), and the e-retailer cooperating with KOL scenario (RK). Our findings show that regardless of the change of the spillover effects and the consumer acceptance, the manufacturer always prefers RK scenario instead of MK scenario. The rationale is that if the live streaming brings the positive spillover effect under RK scenario, the manufacturer can take free-riding behavior to improve his profit; if the live streaming brings the negative spillover effect, the manufacturer might set a lower wholesale price under RK scenario to mitigate the double marginalization. Thus, the RK scenario is the optimal option for the manufacturer in most cases to earn more profit, while the e-retailer has more options under different conditions. Moreover, the main model is extended to discuss the impact of parameters, including different service cost coefficients and consumer returns on sellers’ preference. In addition, the result of numerical studies shows that a Pareto zone can be found to achieve a win-win situation when both manufacturer and e-retailer cooperate with the KOL simultaneously.

Impact of Blended Learning on EFL Learning and Teaching

Educational technology is of importance for English as a foreign language (EFL) learner. Educational technology affects their acquisition as well as recognition toward one language thus making an obvious difference in learners achievement. Yet experts and wide public appreciate that Blended Learning (BL) is a type of brainchild of technology advancement, which is a cooperative and dynamic way combining information technologies to help EFL learners and teachers to interact smoothly and effectively. OMO (Online Merge Offline) is a business mode, but can enlighten educational technology development. In language acquisition, learning strategies need more attention for language learners. Thus, in this paper author list out serval suggestions to improve learning strategies with the help of educational technologies. Learning motivation has increasingly been increased due to the practice of blended learning. Some demerits, however, are chaining blended learning development. From students perspective, teaching methodology, diversified learning resources, easily-operated system and a more interactive peer feedback can be refined. From researchers notion, more discipline-oriented surveys should be conducted in the further. ChatGPT raises a discussion wave of technology in extensive sphere. In education, more and more its negative prospects are raging among international community.

Research on the Path of Village Tourism and Cultural Industry Development from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization Taking Peasant Painting in JinShan District as an Example

Under the background of rural revitalization strategy, all parts of China are trying to adjust the agricultural industry structure and promote the development of rural economy. In this context, the study of new business mode of rural tourism is of great significance. This study takes the peasant paintings of Fengjing ancient town in Jinshan District as the background and the development path of new rural tourism as the research direction, explores how to integrate "agriculture + tourism + education" in small rural areas, and deeply analyzes the methods and approaches of developing rural tourism in the context of rural revitalization. At the same time, Shanghai's composite cultural and creative tourism products are used to retain tourists, increase market share and create a new rural tourism industry. This paper mainly obtains effective information through case studies and in-depth interviews, and digs into the current changes of rural revitalization through an in-depth understanding of the protection status of Jinshan peasant paintings and other intangible cultural heritage in Shanghai, so as to address the problems under the new rural tourism industry in Fengjing Ancient Town of Jinshan District and make suggestions. I hope to focus on promoting new rural tourism, providing new directions for rural revitalization, implementing rural revitalization strategies, promoting rural tourism, and further improving the development of new rural tourism in Shanghai.

Cinematic Culture During the War in Ukraine: Surviving the Year of Brutalities


 
 
 Russia’s war against Ukraine has brought a humanitarian catastrophe to Europe and disrupted previously established cultural practices and rituals. One such practice has been the making and watching of films, constituting a further blow to the Ukrainian film industry, which has already experienced modifications caused by the VoD (video-on-demand) business mode and the coronavirus crisis. This study intends to highlight how the culture of cinema changed in the cities of Ukraine in 2022 that suffered and are still suffering from shelling and fighting. Its findings are based on ethnographic observations, oral history, and secondary research of public data.
 
 

Information transparency and business mode selection in online platforms under manufacturer competition

In this study, we investigate the interaction between an online platform’s information sharing strategy and its business mode choice in a supply chain with two competing manufacturers both selling through a common online platform under demand uncertainty. The online platform possesses private demand information and arranges with each manufacturer either a reselling mode (R) or an agency mode (A). We find that the online platform prefers not to share information in the RR mode, but prefers to do so with manufacturers that adopt the agency mode in the AA and AR/RA modes. Interestingly, in the AA mode, the online platform prefers to share information with only one manufacturer, rather than both, depending on the level of upstream competition. Counter-intuitively, although both manufacturers always benefit from information sharing, they do not always prefer to possess an information advantage over their competitor, especially when the competitors adopt the reselling mode. Furthermore, we find that the impact of information sharing on business mode choice depends on the level of upstream competition, commission rate and the information value. The transparency generated by the platform’s information sharing will enhance the probability of the AA and AR modes being adopted. Our findings can provide important managerial implications for the differentiated information sharing strategies of online platforms such Amazon and Tmall.

Bisnis Moda Berbasis Aplikasi Online bagi Kesejahteraan Ekonomi Driver Ojek Online di Jabodetabek

The online application-based mode business in Indonesia is the impact of the digital era which is currently rampant. This business has a big influence on the economic welfare of online motorcycle taxi drivers, especially in the Jabodetabek area. The ease of accessing the online application offered can provide comfort to the public both in terms of use of public transportation, costs and promos obtained when the initial order is made. Thus, this business can affect the economic welfare of online motorcycle taxi drivers who become join the partners. The results of this study indicate that the mode of business based on online transportation applications has an effect on the economic welfare of online motorcycle taxi drivers, especially in the Jabodetabek area. This study aims to analyze the economic welfare of online motorcycle taxi drivers in the mode of business based on online transportation applications.

Analysis of the development of reusable launch vehicle technology

Nowadays, with the development of the space technology and the maturity of traditional launch vehicle technology, there are sufficient foundations for the research of higher-level space vehicles. As space vehicles gradually enter the commercial market, the demand for better cost control and higher carry capacity has been put forward. The recovery and reuse of space vehicles, especially launch vehicle, often means higher resource utilization and effective cost control, which has unprecedented advantages in business mode. Many countries and organizations have shown concern about the reusable vehicles. In order to facilitate the further research of reusable rocket technology, this article summaries the research and developments of reusable vehicles over the years and sorts out the overall scheme and key technologies of it. In particular, in view of the successful case of Falcon 9, this article analyses the commercialization experience of SpaceX reusable rockets and its business model. This article may offer a reference for the reusable rocket technology development.

The Rise of Art Bookstores and Their Influence on Urban Cities in China

In recent years, China have seen a increase in culture and art spaces that happen to drastically change peoples lifestyle, socialization and work habits. Among them, art bookstores are one of the most trending among young people that also provides positive cultural vibe in urban societies.Therefore, this paper discusses art bookstores history, development and roles in urban planning, by examining past examples as well as their existential situations and business mode. This paper examines the status quo of art bookstores development and successful examples of art bookstores domestic and abroad, incorporates the damage that Covid-19 and its after math have inflicted on art bookstores, then explores art bookstores integrated approach of combing different consumer experience into one cultural space, the main advantage and disadvantages of art bookstores business modes, their influences on urban planning and peoples lives, current flaws in their business mode and potential innovation and development suggestions for art bookstores in the post-pandemic period.

Impact of COVID-19 on Cost and Profitability---Taking the Service Agency for Studying Abroad as an Example

After the outbreak of COVID-19 since the beginning of 2020, people were more cautious about the decision to study abroad. Objectively, it was difficult for people to get visas and buy air tickets because of the inconvenience of going abroad caused by the fuse of flights. Subjectively, people were worried about COVID-19 infection, so they tried to avoid leaving their country. As an intermediary, the business mode and the profit model of service agencies for studying abroad were also affected to some degree. In order to figure out how the costs and profitability changes according to COVID-19, many researchers had done some investigations on students who are prone to study abroad. From the perspective of economics, the costs of agencies were found to be rising significantly due to the uncertainty of COVID-19. It included fixed cost, sunk cost, opportunity cost and variable cost. But from another perspective, if an agency could adapt to the new situation as quickly as possible and grasp the new opportunities to offer a wider range of services, it might greatly increase its profits instead. Faced with this, agencies should focus on improving service quality and constantly expanding new service, such as language courses, career planning and internship training. Through cooperation with more high-level universities and famous enterprises at home and abroad, they could provide customers with more comprehensive services, as well as gain more profits.

A Study of the Business Modes of Lululemon and Alo Yoga

Fitness brands are on the rise in recent days, with the increading demand of peoples requirements of health. These fitness brands are further developed under the era of the pandemic. With their rapid development, the business modes of them are therefore of particular interest to the author. Furthermore, it is found that few research have been conducted in this area. Therefore, there existed a research gap in it. This research aims to take on this opportunity to build up on existing research in the business modes of fitness brands. It uses a comparative and case study approach to study two fitness brands, Lululemon and Alo yoga, to investigate their business modes and patterns. The result found that there are some similar modes and patterns while they remain unique in other asepcts of their businesses.

The strategic interaction between business mode and store brand introduction in a platform-based supply chain

The phenomenon of store brands introduced by large-scale platforms is becoming common, and manufacturers should carefully choose the business mode of selling national brand (NB) products via platforms. Considering big-data marketing, we examine the sales mode selection in a platform-based supply chain based on the strategic interaction between the business mode decision and store brand decision. By continuous dynamic game theory, the strategies and performance under different modes are solved. We find that given the store brand (SB) decision, the business mode adopted by the manufacturer depends only on the commission rate, which is high for reselling and low for agency selling. Given the business mode, under reselling, whether the platform introduces SB depends only on the brand preference, i.e., SB is introduced when the preference for NB is low. While under agency, he introduces SB in the general or relatively passive situation, depending both on the commission rate and the brand preference. In addition, four equilibrium sales modes are obtained based on the strategic interaction. In order to achieve a win-win-win situation in profitability among the manufacturer, the platform and the platform-based supply chain, the manufacturer should adopt agency selling and the platform forgoes introducing SB when both the commission rates and NB preference are low.

Sino–Japanese third-party market cooperation: asymmetries of economic diplomacy and politico-economic gaps

Abstract In the wake of the intensifying Sino–Japanese rivalry in Asia, a new third-party market cooperation (TPMC) framework emerged in late 2018. The new mechanism was inaugurated around the time of former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's visit to Beijing, displaying new attempts at Sino–Japanese economic diplomacy. Nonetheless, this article highlights the absence of major cooperative outcomes and suggests a pessimistic vision of TPMC's future, as three pairs of politico-economic gaps have led to asymmetries in the approaches adopted by China and Japan. First, a government-to-government policy asymmetry occurred between China's initiatives and Japan's responsiveness, as the latter merely utilized the TPMC as a temporary diplomatic tool to restore bilateral relations in late 2018 and appeared to have lost its policy momentum in the following years. Second, asymmetries in business modes and investment management between the two countries' enterprises have led to technical barriers in materializing the two governments' agreements into specific TPMC business collaboration. This study illustrated a project of Sino–Japanese collaboration in building a high-speed railway in Thailand, and saw this failed case as a warning for existing gaps of commercial modes. Third, both countries are now confronted with domestic underdeveloped public–private partnerships between state and private sectors. This article also aims to provide some policy-oriented implications for steadily implementing the Sino–Japanese TPMC in the future.

Decisions of Knowledge Payment Product Supply Chain Considering Government Subsidies and Anti-Piracy Efforts: Based on China’s Knowledge Payment Market

Knowledge payment is an emerging business mode that has developed in the era of social media. With the impact of Internet technology, the knowledge payment market is rapidly expanding, especially in China. However, piracy leads to more intense competition and affects the profits of knowledge providers and knowledge payment platforms. Government policies combined with the anti-piracy measures of these platforms have become effective methods to combat piracy. This paper investigates the impact of government subsidies and anti-piracy efforts on a knowledge provider’s and platform’s optimal decisions. We develop a two-stage knowledge payment product supply chain with a knowledge provider and a knowledge payment platform. The platform in the leader position of the supply chain has anti-piracy efforts and the government subsidizes the platform. Stackelberg game models are constructed and compared to examine the equilibrium solution in relation to three modes (no government subsidies and no anti-piracy efforts; only anti-piracy efforts; and both government subsidies and anti-piracy efforts). Our analysis shows that (1) both government subsidies and anti-piracy efforts increase the quality level and unit quality signing bonus of the knowledge payment product. Meanwhile, the product’s retail price increases with anti-piracy efforts but decreases within a certain subsidy range. (2) The knowledge provider’s profit always increases with the anti-piracy effort level, while the platform’s profit is an inverted U-shaped relationship with the anti-piracy effort level. (3) Government subsidy behavior can always increase a knowledge provider’s profit but may not necessarily increase the platform’s profit. Moreover, there exists a certain threshold: when subsidies are lower (higher) than this threshold, it is more beneficial to the knowledge provider (platform). In addition, we also find that the method of high subsidies combined with a low anti-piracy effort level benefits both parties and that the subsidized party will be more sensitive. The results will provide knowledge providers and platforms with new market management insights from the perspective of government subsidies and anti-piracy efforts and guide them to make optimal decisions.