Buffer Zone Area Research Articles

Managing human-tiger conflict: lessons from Bardia and Chitwan National Parks, Nepal

Successful conservation outcomes for the tiger (Panthera tigris) have been achieved in Nepalese protected areas. However, an unwelcome consequence of greater tiger numbers is the increased prevalence of human-tiger conflict (HTC), particularly in buffer zone areas adjacent to key tiger reserves, which are heavily utilised by farming communities. HTC events may manifest as attacks by tigers on livestock or people, or as people harming tigers. Since 1994, 12 and 99 fatal tiger attacks on people were reported in and near Bardia and Chitwan National Parks, respectively; and since 1979, 34 tigers from these Parks have been killed due to HTC. HTC presents major threats to local people and to the continuing success of tiger conservation programmes. Conservation authorities in Nepal are implementing innovative solutions to prevent and mitigate HTC. These include financial compensation for damage caused by tigers and locally based community projects and programmes focussed on changing livestock husbandry practises, raising awareness of tiger ecology among local residents and supporting families to reduce their reliance on park resources. While these approaches have been successful in mitigating HTC and its effects in Nepal, further developments and refinements are required. This paper provides a synthesis of published and unpublished reports of HTC, in order to demonstrate the magnitude of the problem faced in Nepal. A critical summary of current management practises adopted in two of Nepal’s key tiger reserves is intended to provide a tool for managers to target their efforts towards methods likely to achieve success.

Unconditional Transfers and Tropical Forest Conservation: Evidence from a Randomized Control Trial in Sierra Leone

AbstractUnconditional conservation payments are increasingly used by non‐governmental conservation organizations to further their environmental objectives. One key objective in many conservation projects that use such unconditional payments schemes is the protection of tropical forest ecosystems in buffer zone areas around protected parks where the scope of instating mandatory restrictions is more limited. We use a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of unconditional livelihood payments to local communities on land use outside a protected area—the Gola Rainforest National Park—which is a biodiversity hotspot on the border of Sierra Leone and Liberia. High resolution RapidEye satellite imagery from before and after the intervention was used to determine land use changes in treated and control villages. We find support for the hypothesis that unconditional payments, in this setting, increase land clearance in the short run. The study constitutes one of the first attempts to use evidence from a randomized control trial to evaluate the efficacy of conservation payments and provides insights for further research.

Analysis of Human Wildlife Conflict in Buffer Zone Area: A Study from Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) is fast becoming a serious threat to the survival of many endangered species in the world. The lack of access to forest resources for the local community residing in the buffer zones of national parks has created conflict between the national parks, the people residing in these areas and wildlife. This study focused on to analyze the situation of human-wildlife interface of people living near the park. Direst field observation, questionnaire survey of households (n=88), on-site focal group discussions, and key informant interviews were used for data collection. The study revealed that Paddy was the primary crop accounting about 34% of the economic value of total production. Peoples in the study area perceived that crop depredation was the major problem caused by the wild animals. Among crops, the damage to Paddy was high. A total average damage of Paddy per year per household (HH) was 115.2 Kg. Economic value of average annual damage per year per HH accounted for NRs, 9211.4. About 70% respondents responded that the poor availability of food in the forest was the main problem. In case of measures to control HWC, most of them have applied different local technologies. Among them participatory method, noise making and scare row construction were the common. Most of the local people believed that, cases of the HWC was increasing and will increase in the future. Hence, promotion of income generating activities, alternative energy, and improved livelihood strategies can reduce the HWC indirectly through decreasing the dependency in forest resources. Conservation awareness program and people participation are other major aspects that should be considered to mitigate the human wildlife conflict.

Assessing the impact of land use on triggering landslides: A case of Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka

Landslide is a result of a complex spatial-temporal interaction of geological, geomorphological, climate and land use factors. Dynamics of geological, geomorphological and climate factors expands over relatively longer periods whilst land use change in short run. Hence, land use has a significant influence on landslide frequency and distribution, even in a short time span. However, limited studies have been carried out to investigate the relative contributions of the changes of different land use types in triggering landslides. This study has analyzed land use changes occurred in Sabaragamuwa Province, Sri Lanka over a period of ten years and assessed the effect of specific land use changes on landslides. The study is executed in four phases. Firstly, study mapped locations of landslides in QGIS environment. For this purpose, the study used secondary data which has been obtained from National Building Research Organization, Sri Lanka. Then the study analyzed the land use changes at landslide occurrence locations including a range of spatial buffer zone areas. MOLUSCE (Modules for Land Use Change Evaluation) plugin in QGIS was utilized to identify the land use changes in each spatial buffer zone area. Thirdly, the study computed the magnitude of landslide damage of each location based on five criteria as number of deaths, number of injured people, number of partial damaged houses, number of fully damaged houses and number of affected people. Then, the study analyzed the relationship between the magnitude of a landslide damage and land use changes. For this purpose, the study utilized spatial analysis tools in QGIS environment. The results revealed that land use changes such as forest to rubber, rubber-to-garden, rubber-to-any, tea-to-rubber, tea-to-any, forest-to-any have reported a greater influence on frequency of occurrence and the magnitude of landslide damage. These findings provide useful inputs to minimize landslides in the fields of land use planning and disaster management.

Record of Animals Association with Xanthostemon novoguineensis (Valeton)

Xanthostemon novoguineenis (vernacular name: Sowang), an endemic plant in Papua from Myrtaceae family, is found widely near the buffer zone area and Mt. Cyclops Nature Reserve (MCNR) area. This research aimed to record the association of animals towards X. novoguineensis on its natural habitat. The survey was conducted in Cyclops buffer zone near Sentani City, Papua Province, Indonesia. The result showed that an interaction of animals directly to X. novoguineensis was documented and identified. Some insects species have an association with X. novoguineensis, namely black wasp (Isodontia sp 1), black-orange wasp (Isodontia sp 2), red weaver ant (Oecophylla sp 1) and black weaver ant (Oecophylla sp 2) have an association directly to flowers of X. novoguineensis. Furthermore, stick insect (Scepthrophasma sp) and spider (possibly from Araneae family) have an association with the leaves and trunks of this plant. Based on the finding, some leaves of these plant are fed by insects. It is indicated by a pattern of insect bites on the leaves.  Key words: buffer zone area,  cyclops, insect, sowang, Papua

Human Disturbance is the Major Determinant of the Habitat and Prey Preference of the Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) in the Chitwan National Park, Nepal

Abstract We studied the impact of human disturbances on the habitat and prey preference of tiger by walking along transects in different sites of the Chitwan National Park, Nepal. The study found that tiger mostly preferred successional forests, grasslands and floodplains while avoiding the Shorea forests. Tiger strongly preferred prey abundant areas and strongly avoided the human disturbed areas. The prey preference of tiger obtained through scat analysis showed the highest preference of medium sized prey and less preference of large sized prey while avoidance of small, very small sized prey and domestic mammals. Tiger utilized higher numbers of domestic prey in the areas where there was high disturbance and less abundance of wild prey. The low preference of large sized prey and high preference of medium sized prey might be due to the low availability of large prey (e.g., sambar, gaur) and comparatively high availability of medium sized prey (e.g., chital, wild boar) in this area. For the effective use of habitat and prey, a predator like tiger needs considerable behavioural plasticity with the lonely wilderness. The regular disturbances caused by human activities could invite a dramatic change in the behavior of such predators which consequently increases conflict with people and declines in prey population. Hence, the habitat and prey preference of tiger not only depends on prey abundance but also depends on the degree of habitat disturbances in the human dominated landscapes like Chitwan. Proper management of parks by delineating the core areas as the prohibited zone and having only the buffer zone area as the free access zone for the local people to accommodate their daily needs, could help minimize the human disturbance in this park.

Willingness to pay by using travel cost method in Chitwan National Park, Nepal

This study assessed the impact of tourism and willingness to pay by foreigners in Chitwan National Park of Chitwan district during the year 2007-2008. Eighty tourists were selected randomly to evaluate the recreational value of Chitwan National Park to protect the biodiversity of buffer zone area in Chitwan National Park. The tourism created the local employment opportunities to local people but it was unplanned and location specific. Since the program has focused in both community development and conservation awareness activities however, the study showed that only public infrastructure development was emphasized instead of sensitizing the members towards the conservation issues of protected areas. The study examined how much Park visitors were willing to pay to visit the Park. Annual benefits from the Park were considerable - the total annual consumer surplus obtained from recreation in the Park was approximately USD 233 million. Various factors influence the visitors like travel cost, household income, and the quality of the Park. Improvements in quality of the Park were likely to increase recreational benefits.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, page :1-10

Estimating Above-Ground Biomass in Sub-Tropical Buffer Zone Community Forests, Nepal, Using Sentinel 2 Data

Accurate assessment of above-ground biomass (AGB) is important for the sustainable management of forests, especially buffer zone (areas within the protected area, where restrictions are placed upon resource use and special measure are undertaken to intensify the conservation value of protected area) areas with a high dependence on forest products. This study presents a new AGB estimation method and demonstrates the potential of medium-resolution Sentinel-2 Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) data application as an alternative to hyperspectral data in inaccessible regions. Sentinel-2 performance was evaluated for a buffer zone community forest in Parsa National Park, Nepal, using field-based AGB as a dependent variable, as well as spectral band values and spectral-derived vegetation indices as independent variables in the Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The 10-fold cross-validation was used to evaluate model effectiveness. The effect of the input variable number on AGB prediction was also investigated. The model using all extracted spectral information plus all derived spectral vegetation indices provided better AGB estimates (R2 = 0.81 and RMSE = 25.57 t ha−1). Incorporating the optimal subset of key variables did not improve model variance but reduced the error slightly. This result is explained by the technically-advanced nature of Sentinel-2, which includes fine spatial resolution (10, 20 m) and strategically-positioned bands (red-edge), conducted in flat topography with an advanced machine learning algorithm. However, assessing its transferability to other forest types with varying altitude would enable future performance and interpretability assessments of Sentinel-2.

Analisis Spasial Kejadian Malaria Dan Habitat Larva Nyamuk Anopheles spp di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Winong Kabupaten Purworejo

Purpose: This study was to analyze risk factors with malaria case, to map the spatial distribution of malaria cases related to breeding habit to location spacing and to know the habitat of Anopheles sp. mosquito larvae in public health center Winong, district of Purworejo. Method: A case control study through geographic information system. Results: Temperature, humidity and rainfall variables have no correlation with malaria incidence. There was correlation between malaria incidence with the existence of breeding habitat, house wall condition and nighttime habit, whereas the presence of livestock, breeding site distance, the habit of wearing mosquito nets, the use of wire mesh, the use of mosquito repellent and the habit of visiting endemic areas have no relationship with malaria incidence. Night out habits were the highest risk factors associated with malaria incidence. Conclusion: There is no correlation between weather factor and malaria incidence. There is a relationship between the presence of larval breeding habitat, the condition of the wall of the house and the habit of going out at night with the incidence of malaria. There are 3 clusters in the work area of Puskesmas Winong and most cases are in the buffer zone area 1000 m distance.

Determination of Buffer-Zones using Agricultural Information System

The estimation of agricultural yield is a challenging and essential task for every farmer. In most countries worldwide, above 70% of the population practice and depend upon agriculture for their lives and livehoods. In attempts to increase agricultural productivity, farmers often apply pesticides excessively. This practice has led to problems with spray drift, along with many others, a process by which liquid sprays are transported and cause harm to adjacent crops and other non-target areas. Although investigation has also been directed toward pesticide drift caused by agents such as wind, boom height, and driving speed, this effort has thus been insufficient. Therefore, our research focuses on modelling to account for these factors to create buffer zones around crops to spray drift during pesticide application. We employed a GIS model to capture spray area points. Spray drift distances calculated with values representing the aforementioned agents are appended to these geographic points of the farm to establish a buffer zone area.

Impact of Industrial Activities on Land Surface Temperature Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques - A Case Study in Jubail, Saudi Arabia

Land Surface temperature (LST) is one of the most important variables for determining the state within the climate system. Thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing used to monitor air temperature and affecting microclimate in urban areas. TIR remote sensing techniques have been applied for analyzing LST patterns and its relationship with surface characteristics, assessing urban heat island (UHI), and relating LST with surface energy fluxes to characterize landscape properties and processes. In the present study, a remote sensing was combined with a geographic information system (GIS) environment for determine the impact of industrial areas on Surface Temperature using of TIR Remote Sensing through Landsat ETM+ data (band 6.1) and comparing the relationships between urban surface temperature and land cover types in Jubail City in Saudi Arabia. The study showed the increase of urban surface temperature near the industrial area in comparison with suburban areas. The center of the heat island was concentrated above the industrial area and its adjacent urban areas. Iron and steel factories raise the temperature to 80°C which affects air temperature of nearby areas. This effect may extend to the buffer zone area ranging from 500-2000 m

Status of Potential Non-Timber Forest Products for Wise Use and Conservation in the Langtang National Park’s Buffer Zone

Non-timber forest products are non-wooded biological resources derived from both natural and managed forests and other wooded areas. The objective of the study was to perform resource assessment for baseline information on the status and distribution of locally prioritized plant based non-timber forest products in Nuwakot and Sindhupalchok districts of Langtang National Park’s buffer zones. Consultative workshops and forest inventory techniques were applied to collect data. From the consultative workshops 133 species of plants having use value were identifi ed. It was identifi ed that Gaultheria fragrantissima and Edgeworthia gardneri were more potential species for commercial production and utilization. For commercial production and collection of Gaultheria fragrantissima, buffer zone areas of Nuwakot district will be the better place. Similarly, the commercial production and collection of Edgeworthia gardneri will be better in buffer zone areas of Sindhupalchok district.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 102-117

Anthropogenic Disturbances on the Regeneration of Tree Species in the Mixed Broadleaved Forest of the Himalayan Region, Nepal

The aim of this study was to assess the anthropogenic impacts on the vegetation structure and regeneration of dominant tree species in the community managed mixed broadleaved forests of the Sargamatha (Everest) National Park buffer zone area. The forest plots were categorized into disturbed and semi-disturbed considering the scale of anthropogenic disturbances such as percentage of biomass extraction, lopping, tramping coverage and grazing intensity. For each forest type, three radii (10 m, 5 m and 2.5 m) plots were laid for sampling trees, sapling and seedling layers, respectively. In both the forest sites, Quercus semecarpifolia and Rhododendron arboreum were the main dominant tree species. The distribution of Q. semecarpifolia and R. arboreum along with diameter classes showed high stem density mainly concentrated in 2-15 cm diameter class. In both sites, the density of R. arboreum showed increment from sapling to seedling stage, while no seedling of Q. semecarpifolia was recorded in the disturbed site. The absence of Q. semecarpifolia seedlings in the disturbed forest sites could be associated with the practice of biomass removal and forest management activities. The study attributed that Rhododendron species in the study sites were not frequently cut, browsed, or lopped due to their religious belief and its ornamental value. Thus R. arboreum is expected to be slowly expanded if biotic pressure is maintained less. This may cause change in the vegetation structure and scarcity of resources for livelihood. On the whole, managing the forest in an equitable and sustainable way could satisfy basic needs and improve the livelihood of rural people in the study area.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 27, 2013: 35-44

Towards multifunctionality of rural natural environments?—An economic valuation of the extended buffer zones along Danish rivers, streams and lakes

In recent decades, there has been increased emphasis on the protection of the aquatic environment. One of the measures to improve the surface water quality is to dedicate buffer zones at rivers, streams and lakes, where farmers are not allowed to plant, grow or fertilize. In 2012, riparian buffer zones of ten meters were introduced in Denmark. This study analyses whether: (1) the buffer zones add significant value in terms of open space for recreational use. This value is recognized by stakeholders; and (2) the buffer zones are enhancing aesthetic values of nature/landscape for those who live nearby. Methodologically, this study consists of qualitative and quantitative parts. The qualitative interviews demonstrate that most of the interviewees consider buffer zones to be a benefit to them, their organizations and institutions. Though the interviewees are aware of the political debate and implementation of the buffer zone areas, not many have made use of them due to the short time span between implementation and interview. In the quantitative part of the study, a hedonic house price study is applied in order to be able to generalize the findings and examine in more detail whether these stated opinions of the interviewed stakeholders are backed up by the revealed preferences. In the quantitative study, we found a low and hypothetical impact of the introduction of the riparian buffer zones on house prices. However, it is interesting to see that the new regulation has shifted the attitudes of the citizens from a mainly negative one according to the media discourse to a more positive appreciation regarding our empirical findings.

Spatial distribution of water quality parameters of rivers around Erhai Lake during the dry and rainy seasons

Surface water from 18 rivers (including the buffer zone and lakeside area) around Erhai Lake was sampled in the dry and rainy seasons of 2013. The water quality was measured and the spatial variations of selected water quality parameters were determined. The results indicated that the following five parameters, ρ(TN), ρ(NO3 −-N), ρ(NH3-N), ρ(TP), and ρ(CODMn), in the surface water of the 18 rivers changed seasonally. The average value of ρ(TN), ρ(NO3 −-N), ρ(NH3-N), ρ(TP), and ρ(CODMn) in the rainy reason was higher than that in the dry season, respectively. The average value of ρ(TN) in three rivers (Mijuhe, Yonganjiang, and Luoshijiang rivers) flowing into the lake from the north was clearly higher than that in rivers flowing into the lake from the west. In contrast, the average value of ρ(TP) in the three northern rivers was lower than that in the western rivers. In the dry season, the distribution of ρ(TP) had a significant positive correlation with the distribution of ρ(TN), but this was not significant in the rainy season. The average value of ρ(CODMn) was within the Class I of “Surface Water Environmental Quality Standards of China”.

USING SPACE SYNTAX METHOD AND GIS-BASED ANALYSIS FOR THE SPATIAL ALLOCATION OF ROADSIDE REST AREAS

A well-grounded system of Roadside Rest Areas (RRA) for transit travellers and local inhabitants in Latvia and Lithuania is absent. To select places for the location of RRA on Latvian–Lithuanian cross-border roads space syntax method and GIS-based analysis was used. The aim of this article is to present the developed methodology, results of the performed research and to lead discussion for the further development and applicability of the methodology. The application of space syntax method to nine transit roads in Latvian–Lithuanian border zone reveals that considering both local and regional contexts three roads or their parts could be recommended for the location of RRA. For the more precise location of RRA GIS-based method was developed. This method includes the GIS capabilities of information collection, spatial analysis and multi-criteria (eight criteria were selected) evaluation. The main proposed methodical stages are: creation of the thematic GIS database; formulation of RRA sites selection criteria, division of the analysed road into intervals, and assignment of attribute data according to the criteria to the road intervals; generation of buffer zones for the analysed road and evaluation of them according the selected criteria; assignment of values provided to the buffer zones to the road intervals attribute data and total rating of roadside area potential to equip rest areas; elaboration of road buffer zone area suitable for the location of RRA.

Sediment Dynamics Within Buffer Zone and Sinkhole Splay Areas Under Extreme Soil Disturbance Conditions.

Sedimentation dynamics were assessed in sinkholes within training areas at Ft. Knox Military Installation, a karst landscape subjected to decades of tracked vehicle use and extreme soil disturbance. Sinkholes sampled were sediment-laden and behaved as intermittent ponds. Dendrogeomorphic analyses were conducted using willow trees (Salix spp.) located around the edge of 18 sinkholes to estimate historical sedimentation rates, and buried bottles were installed in 20 sinkholes at the center, outer edge, and at the midpoint between the center and edge to estimate annual sedimentation rates. Sedimentation data were coupled with vegetation characteristics of sinkhole buffers to determine relationships among these variables. The dendrogeomorphic method estimated an average accumulation rate of 1.27 cm year(-1) translating to a sediment loss rate of 46.1 metric ton year(-1) from the training areas. However, sediment export to sinkholes was estimated to be much greater (118.6 metric ton year(-1)) via the bottle method. These data suggest that the latter method provided a more accurate estimate since accumulation was greater in the center of sinkholes compared to the periphery where dendrogeomorphic data were collected. Vegetation data were not tightly correlated with sedimentation rates, suggesting that further research is needed to identify a viable proxy for direct measures of sediment accumulation in this extreme deposition environment. Mitigation activities for the sinkholes at Ft. Knox's tank training area, and other heavily disturbed karst environments where extreme sedimentation exists, should consider focusing on flow path and splay area management.

PEMANFAATAN PENGINDERAAN JAUH UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI PERMUKIMAN KUMUH DAERAH PENYANGGA PERKOTAAN (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Mranggen Kabupaten Demak)

Mranggen Subdistrict is one of the buffer zone area for Semarang City that slums area can be found . Emergence of slums area in Mranggen Subdistrictis because the impact of increased p opulation in Semarang Capital . Increasing of the settlements area and housing be come a logical consequence that comes from the main case . This condition is a major trigger from the formation of slums area. T he purpose of this research is to identif y characteristics of slums area in Mranggen Subdistrict , as a buffer area for Semarang C apital, with a quantitative approach ing method . Instruments us ed in this research were observation, interview, and questionaire with descriptive and spatial analysis techniques using the Interpretation of Alos satellite imagery to know the distribution of slums area. The result s showed that some of the slums area in Mranggen Subdistrict has a bad quality of buildings, semi-permanent and non-permanent buildings still stands , varying distance between the buildings was like ( 3,0 meters ) . Location of the slums area is very strategic that so many people could make an easy access towards the working place. C ondition of the road was good, but con di tion of the drainage system , clean water , and sanitation were bad. Many house that have not been certified yet , low level of population growth and density, low rate income , also migrant s people that prefers to live in this location rather than the other places, because near from their working place . So, strategic ways to handle slums area in Mranggen Subdistrict can be done using poverty development, community based development, and guided land development approach.

Economic Analysis of Electric Fencing for Mitigating Human-wildlife Conflict in Nepal

Human-wildlife conflict is one of the biggest conservation challenges throughout the world. Various conservation strategies have been employed to limit these impacts, but often they are not adequately monitored and their effectiveness assessed. Recently, electric fencing has been constructed as a means to mitigate human-wildlife conflict surrounding many Nepalese protected areas. To date, there are no other studies analyzing the cost effectiveness and efficacy of fencing for conservation. This study aims to examine the cost effectiveness of electric fencing in the eastern sector of Chitwan National Park, Nepal, where the fencing has recently been constructed. Great Indian one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), wild boar (Sus scrofa), Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), and tiger (Panthera tigris) were the main wildlife species involved in human-wildlife conflict in the buffer zone area surrounding the park, where the fencing was deployed. Electric fencing was significantly effective in reducing crop damage by 78% and livestock depredation by 30%–60%. Human mortality was not reduced significantly in the study areas and continued at low levels. Our analysis suggested that total net present value of the cost of electric fence in Kagendramalli User Committee (KMUC) and Mrigakunja User Committee (MKUC) was 1 517 959 NPR (Nepalese Rupees, 21 685 USD) and 3 530 075 NPR (50 429 USD) respectively up to the fiscal year 2009/10. Net present benefit in KMUC and MKUC was 16 301 105 NPR (232 872 USD) and 38 304 602 NPR (547 208 USD) respectively up to 2009/10. The cost-benefit ratio of electric fence up to base fiscal year 2009/10 in KMUC is 10.73, whereas MKUC is 10.85. These results illustrate that the electric fencing program is economically and socially beneficial in reducing human-wildlife conflict (crop damage and livestock depredation) around the protected areas where large mammals occur.

As RPPNs Como Estratégia Para a Conservação da Biodiversidade: O caso da Chapada dos Veadeiros

As Reservas Particulares do Patrimônio Natural – RPPNs - são unidades de conservação de uso sustentável criadas em propriedades privadas, de forma voluntária. As restrições a que estão sujeitas as tornam semelhantes às unidades de conservação de proteção integral. Desta forma, podem promover a conservação de seus habitats sem grandes intervenções humanas. A Chapada dos Veadeiros, região localizada no nordeste de Goiás, tem 15 RPPNs federais, localizadas em torno do Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, na sua zona de amortecimento. Por ser a Chapada dos Veadeiros habitada há tempos por vários proprietários de terras e fazendeiros, a criação de RPPNs representa uma estratégia viável para a região, considerada área prioritária para projetos de conservação, por ONGs como a Conservation International (CI), a World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) e a The Nature Conservancy (TNC), pelo Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA) e pelo Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade (ICMBIO). O artigo demostra que as RPPNs podem e devem ser uma alternativa importante para a implementação de um planejamento territorial desenvolvido em parceria com a comunidade local. Nesta revisão, foi investigada a contribuição das RPPNs na Chapada dos Veadeiros para a conservação da biodiversidade local e o seu processo de implementação.