Abstract
Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) is fast becoming a serious threat to the survival of many endangered species in the world. The lack of access to forest resources for the local community residing in the buffer zones of national parks has created conflict between the national parks, the people residing in these areas and wildlife. This study focused on to analyze the situation of human-wildlife interface of people living near the park. Direst field observation, questionnaire survey of households (n=88), on-site focal group discussions, and key informant interviews were used for data collection. The study revealed that Paddy was the primary crop accounting about 34% of the economic value of total production. Peoples in the study area perceived that crop depredation was the major problem caused by the wild animals. Among crops, the damage to Paddy was high. A total average damage of Paddy per year per household (HH) was 115.2 Kg. Economic value of average annual damage per year per HH accounted for NRs, 9211.4. About 70% respondents responded that the poor availability of food in the forest was the main problem. In case of measures to control HWC, most of them have applied different local technologies. Among them participatory method, noise making and scare row construction were the common. Most of the local people believed that, cases of the HWC was increasing and will increase in the future. Hence, promotion of income generating activities, alternative energy, and improved livelihood strategies can reduce the HWC indirectly through decreasing the dependency in forest resources. Conservation awareness program and people participation are other major aspects that should be considered to mitigate the human wildlife conflict.
Highlights
Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) is regarded as any interaction between humans and wildlife that results in negative impacts on social, economic or cultural life, on the conservation of wildlife populations, or on the environment [1]
The studies around the world show that HWC is more intense in the developing countries where livestock holdings and agriculture are an important part of International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management 2019; 4(6): 164-172 rural livelihoods
The current study aims to envisage the degree of HWC in the buffer zone of Chitwan National Park (CNP) and understand the perception of local communities residing in the vicinity of CNP
Summary
Human-Wildlife Conflict (HWC) is regarded as any interaction between humans and wildlife that results in negative impacts on social, economic or cultural life, on the conservation of wildlife populations, or on the environment [1]. The studies around the world show that HWC is more intense in the developing countries where livestock holdings and agriculture are an important part of International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management 2019; 4(6): 164-172 rural livelihoods. In these regions, competition between local communities and wild animals, for the use of natural resources, is intense and direct and resident human populations are very vulnerable [10]
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