Metal Bridge Research Articles

Donor-acceptor bridge 2,5-bis(2-oxido-phenyl)thiazolo-[5,4-d]thiazole derived diruthenium and diosmium systems. Structural and competitive electronic events as a function of metal ion, bridge and ancillary ligand.

The article deals with the structural and electronic forms of hitherto unexplored L2- (H2L = 2,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)thiazolo-[5,4-d]thiazole) bridged analogous diruthenium [{(AL1/AL2)2 RuII}2(μ-L2-)]2+ [1](ClO4)2/[2](ClO4)2 and diosmium [{(AL1/AL2)2OsII}2(μ-L2-)]2+ [3](PF6)2/[4](ClO4)2 complexes as a function of moderate-to-strongly π-accepting ancillary ligands: AL1 = 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and AL2 = 2-phenylazopyridine (pap). Structural elucidation of the complexes established an anti-oriented bridge (L2-) linked to the metal units through its N,O-/O-,N-donor sets, which led to two six-membered chelates in each case. It also highlighted the twisting of the phenolato functions of L2- with respect to the central thiazolothiazole (TzTz) unit and the unreduced state of the azo function of AL2 and multiple non-covalent π⋯π/CH⋯π interactions within the molecules in the nearby asymmetric units. The potential of the multiple redox steps of the complexes varied as a function of Ru versus Os and AL1 versus AL2. A collective consideration of experimental and DFT calculations revealed largely bridge- and metal-based first and second oxidative steps, which could be attributed to the electronic forms [(AL1/AL2)2MII(μ-L˙-)MII(AL1/AL2)2]3+ ↔ [(AL1/AL2)2MII(μ-L2-) MIII(AL1/AL2)2]3+ and [(AL1/AL2)2M2.5(μ-L˙-) M2.5(AL1/AL2)2]4+ for 13+-43+ and 14+-44+, respectively, implying the noninnocence of L2-, which was enhanced on moving from bpy to pap and from Os to Ru. Reductions of 12+-42+ were, however, centred around the ancillary ligand (AL1/AL2), in spite of the π-accepting feature of the TzTz core of L, implying the weaker π-acceptor form of the latter with special reference to the former. Involvement of the primarily metal (with minor contribution of the bridge, L) and ancillary ligand (AL) based orbitals in the second oxidised and first reduced steps could also be corroborated by the metal-based anisotropic and free radical EPR spectral signatures, respectively. 12+-42+ displayed multiple moderately-intense-to-intense charge-transfer absorption bands in the visible-to-UV region, which originated from mixed metal/ligand and intra/inter-ligand charge-transfer transitions.

Refinement of the Process Capability Index Сalculation

The variability of product performance is the reason for the introduction of special methods to ensure product quality, particularly statistical methods. These include introducing statistical process control (SPC) in production and calculating the process capability index to determine the manufacturing ability to meet the product’s quality requirements. To a large extent, the ability of a process to meet the requirements was determined by the location of the process or the mathematical expectation of the controlled quality characteristic value. Process setup center variability within the boundaries of the Shewhart control chart of the average values was supposed to be the natural state for a statistically controlled process. However, the calculation of the process capability index did not consider the possibility of a shift in the actual value of the process setup center for a controlled characteristic from its mathematical expectation. It was proposed to adjust the process capability index for the setup center’s possible deviation. It demonstrated the possibility of critical errors in determining the ability of a production process to meet requirements without considering the process setup center. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions was also demonstrated by the example of determining the ability of the welding wire manufacturing process to meet the requirements for metal yield strength of the welded joint of metal bridge span constructions.

Ways to solve welding problems of bridge structures for arctic service

The problems of material selection for steel bridge structures for arctic service and welding of such structures in pre-fabricated conditions and at sites are considered. The sources for the research included data on the requirements for steels for the manufacture of metal bridge structures for arctic service, the specifics of their welding, control of structure formation and mechanical properties of welded joints. The main reason for the insufficient impact strength at low temperatures is the presence of microcracks on the grain boundaries of the metal crystal structure, the cause of which is the presence of phosphorus and sulfur impurities in structural steels. To improve cold resistance properties, welding modes should be chosen in such way, that liquid metal stays for the minimum amount of time at the melting point of iron sulfide on the grain boundaries of the metal crystal structure. The necessity of engineering comparative analysis with the application of modern research methods of available methods for welding of bridge structures for arctic service is shown.

Self-supporting porous wood-based carbon with metal-organic framework derived metal bridges for effectively electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution at large current density

One of the bottleneck problems in the application of hydrolysis hydrogen production technology is the stability and continuity of activity of electrode at large current density. Herein, an ingenious hierarchical self-supporting wood-based carbon electrocatalyst are developed to improve the efficiency and stability of hydrogen evolution at large current density. The wood-carbon framework with open microchannels achieves efficient mass transfer and overall stability of the electrode under long-term high current density. Significantly, metal-organic framework derived cobalt–nickel Metal bridges (Co, Ni–N–C) facilitate the tight interfacial bonding of wood and nickel–cobalt binary alloy nanoparticles, and achieves the coordination of conductivity, stability and porosity in the wood framework and the migration of the d-band center, thereby enhancing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance and superior durability. This work provides an efficient method for industrial scale application of wood based self-supported hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst electrode.

Reliable BiI3-Based Resistive Random-Access Memory Devices with a High On/Off Ratio

In this paper, we report resistive random-access memory (RRAM) with bismuth iodide (BiI3) as the resistance switching layer, which exhibits an on/off ratio of the order of 108. The behaviors of the resistive switching performance of the BiI3 devices were systematically investigated. The chemical states and electronic structures of the resistance switching layer (BiI3) were studied via X-ray photoemission spectroscopy with depth profile. The spectroscopies demonstrate that the filament formation belongs to the metal bridge type, which is dominated by the presence of bismuth atoms resulting from the formation of silver iodide (AgI). X-ray diffraction, the cross section of transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were employed to study the formation process of the metal filament in the BiI3-based RRAM. The results reveal that the upward diffusion of Ag cations will react with iodide anions, and bismuth cations will turn into the metallic state, which results in forming a conductive filament inside the resistance switching layer. Furthermore, the devices with the structure of Ag/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/BiI3/PMMA/Au demonstrate low first reset voltage (approximately −0.66 V), a high retention larger than 5 × 104 s, and 6 × 103 switching cycles. This study not only demonstrates the excellent performance of BiI3-based RRAM devices but also provides fundamental insights into the mechanisms of the metallic filament first reset process in the BiI3 layers.

Design and Development of a System for Corrosion Detection Using Image Segmentation Technique

Corrosion, the natural and irreversible process that converts refined metal into a more chemically stable form such as oxide, hydroxide, carbonate. Ultimately the purity of metal goes down and it will cause failure in Welding,bindings in an industry. Accidents due to mechanical loss of metallic bridges, cars, aircraft, etc may cause damage to not only metal but the human digestive tract, eyes, skin,respiratory tract. The manual checking on these metals for corrosion detection is time-consuming. Hence this study builds the Design and Development of a system for Corrosion detection using the image segmentation algorithm U-Net. Dataset creation is first and foremost, a crucial step whenever we go for applying machine learning for any new task. During this experiment, the dataset was generated by capturing images from surrounding various devices and combining datasets from various online sources consisting of rusted metal. This approach obtains a good predictive result with an intersection over union score of 0.6160, and a Jaccard loss of 1.1356 for rust detection. In this paper, we proposed the automated technique by which we can be able to detect rust on metal.

MOFs and bone: Application of MOFs in bone tissue engineering and bone diseases

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a class of hybrid materials, consist of organic linkers and bridging metal ions or clusters. Their tunable pore sizes, large surface area, good biocompatibility, structural variability in combination with materials and chemicals, and osteogenic effects provide potential approaches for bone tissue engineering and bone diseases. And there are more and more research on MOFs in the field of osteogenesis in recent years. This review presents an overall summary of the application in the bone tissue engineering and bone diseases of MOFs and their composites, starting with the synthesis of MOFs, which discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different syntheses. Then, the biological functions of MOFs are discussed, which are the basics of MOFs applied in the organism. Importantly, mechanisms and abundant applications of MOFs are detailed in the bone tissue engineering and bone diseases. Finally, some prospects of MOFs are discussed, for instance, exploring whether MOFs can be used to treat other bone diseases.

Use of a Bipolar, Metallic Luggin-Haber Probe for Electrochemical Measurements of Interfacial Potential

The most fundamental aspect of electrochemical measurements is the evaluation of the interfacial potentials. Reference electrodes are the primary means by which these potentials are related to thermodynamic conditions as well as to measurements by others. A true reference electrode has its potentials poised by a redox couple occurring on its surface. The potential of the redox couple is known, thus any measurements using the reference electrode can be related to the hydrogen electrode scale, for example. However, most commercial reference electrodes must be separated from the test solution of interest by a porous frit and/or a Luggin-Haber probe/salt bridge in order to minimize contamination. Nonetheless, some ionic flow is required. This work demonstrates the use of a metal wire to serve as a bridge between a reference electrode compartment and a test solution in a physically distinct container. It is shown that the metal bridge provides a means of making identical potential measurements to that from a salt bridge but without the contamination. The metal bridge is shown to be compatible with a wide range of electrochemical techniques. A framework for understanding the potentials measured as well as the limitations of the approach are discussed.

Bridging and Fixing Metal–Organic Cages

Despite their well-defined and intrinsic porous structures, metal–organic cages (MOCs) readily lose their crystalline arrangement upon solvent exchange and desolvation, which significantly reduces their porosity. Herein, we report a novel bridging and fixing strategy for retaining the ordered arrangement of MOCs. In the bridging process, electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions involving the 4,6-dihydroxy-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate (m-DOBDC2–) ligands of cuboctahedral MOCs and formaldehyde connect the cages by methylene bridges, which are among the shortest linkers. In the subsequent fixing process, pore-filling and coordinating solvents are exchanged with or removed by low surface tension, noncoordinating solvents (such as mesitylene) in which MOCs are poorly soluble. This mild activation process avoids altering the cage arrangement, thereby further increasing the porosity of the bridged MOCs. The general applicability of this fixing process is demonstrated using cuboctahedral MOCs with different functional groups. As a result, after the fixing process, MOP-1-H displays the highest surface area of 1090.7 m2/g among Cu-paddlewheel-based MOCs. This study extends the potential applications of MOCs as functional porous materials by providing a simple and pragmatic method for preserving their porosities.

Impact of Solvent-Solute Hydrogen Bonding on Ultrafast Electron Transfer in a Trimetallic Iron-Ruthenium Complex

Transition metal complexes (TMCs) are widely used as light absorbers and catalysts for photochemical energy conversion processes such as photocatalytic reactions in liquid environments. Of particular interest are TMCs which incorporate multiple bridged metal centres because they represent a step towards more complex supramolecular assemblies that can ultimately enable control of the charge flow in solution-based photo-redox processes. However, the development of design guidelines for such molecular assemblies is impeded by an incomplete understanding of the coupling between their electronic and nuclear dynamics, including the interplay of TMCs with their liquid environment upon photoexcitation. Probing the involved processes requires high spatial sensitivity towards electronic motion and the ability to capture atomic motion on ultrafast timescales – a combination which is not readily available for optical transient spectroscopic techniques.X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) have revolutionized the field of ultrafast science in recent years. XFELs generate tuneable and extremely bright X-ray pulses with a typical pulse duration of <30 fs, which are well-suited as an element-specific probe of ultrafast electronic and atomic motion in molecules and materials.1,2 Applied to TMCs, XFEL probes are sensitive to the local electronic structure in such molecular systems as well as to intra- and inter-molecular structural reorganization at an atomic level.3 In this talk, I will present work on the interaction of a linear trimetallic cyanide-bridged iron-ruthenium complex (FeRuFe) with its solvent environment, carried out using the LCLS XFEL facility at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The focus of this study lies on elucidating how photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer processes in FeRuFe are affected by hydrogen bonding interactions between its cyanide ligands and the surrounding solvent molecules. In water, such solvent-solute hydrogen bonding interactions are stronger for Fe(II) than Fe(III), leading to substantial changes in solute-solvent interactions upon photoinduced electron transfer between metal centres.The experiment is performed in a pump-probe geometry on a liquid jet, where a visible/near-infrared pump induces a metal-to-metal charge transfer (MMCT) between Ru and Fe which is followed by an ultrafast back-electron transfer (BET). The excited state dynamics are monitored using hard X-ray pulses as a function of time delay between the laser pump and the X-ray probe pulses. To resolve and correlate electronic and structural dynamics upon MMCT excitation, we simultaneously perform ultrafast Fe Kβ X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and X-ray solution scattering (XSS) measurements, where XES is sensitive to the oxidation and spin state of the Fe centres and XSS provides information on atomic motion in solute and solvent, as demonstrated in previous work on a similar system.4 To evaluate the effect of solute-solvent hydrogen bonding interactions on the electron transfer dynamics, we perform measurements in a series of solvents with different hydrogen bonding properties, including water, methanol, and acetonitrile. We find that the BET increases as a function of decreasing hydrogen bonding ability of the solvent, and that distinct signatures of solvation dynamics are present in the scattering data. The resulting molecular level understanding of solvent reorganization coupled to electron transfer demonstrates that the strength and type of solute-solvent interactions are a central factor in determining the outcome of photoinduced charge transfer processes in TMCs.References Bergmann, U. et al. Using X-ray free-electron lasers for spectroscopy of molecular catalysts and metalloenzymes. Nat. Rev. Phys. 3, 264–282 (2021).Schoenlein, R. et al. Recent advances in ultrafast X-ray sources. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 377, 20180384 (2019).Gaffney, K. J. Capturing photochemical and photophysical transformations in iron complexes with ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy and scattering. Chem. Sci. 12, 8010–8025 (2021).Biasin, E. et al. Direct observation of coherent femtosecond solvent reorganization coupled to intramolecular electron transfer. Nat. Chem. 13, 343–349 (2021).

An efficient technique to realize low‐profile dual‐band multi‐polarized shared‐aperture slot antenna array

An efficient technique to realize dual-band multi-polarized shared-aperture slot antenna array is proposed in this paper, featuring in all-metal, low-profile, light-weight and high radiation efficiency. The cavity-backed longitudinal slots are used at L-band for vertical polarization, while horizontal and vertical polarizations are both achieved at C-band, by utilizing interleaved ridged waveguides with two different kinds of slots. A coaxial-feed end-grounded metallic bridge is developed to excite the L-band cavity-backed slots, so the volume and weight of the L-band cavity can be obviously reduced. To further make the whole antenna structure compact and tight, the reduced L-band cavity is embedded into the serration, surrounding by two adjacent C-band ridged waveguides for vertical polarization and one for horizontal polarization. An array prototype, which consists of two L-band single-polarized antennas and four pairs of C-band dual-polarized antennas, is fabricated and measured. Experimental results are well consistent with the simulated ones, showing a satisfying impedance bandwidth of 12% in L-band and 5.5% in C-band, and besides high radiation efficiency above 85% for both bands. The all-metallic structure of this proposed array provides the thermal and mechanical advantages for space-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) application.

Dynamic testing and analysis of the world's first metal 3D printed bridge

The MX3D Bridge is the world’s first additively manufactured metal bridge. It is a 10.5 m-span footbridge, and its dynamic response is a key serviceability consideration. The bridge has a flowing, sculptural form and its response to footfall was initially studied using a 3D finite element (FE) model featuring the designed geometry and material properties obtained from coupon tests. The bridge was tested using experimental modal analysis (EMA) and operational modal analysis (OMA) during commissioning prior to installation. The results have shown that the measured vibration response of the bridge under footfall excitation is 200% greater than predictions based on the FE model and contemporary design guidance. The difference between predicted and measured behaviour is attributed to the complexity of the structure, underestimation of the modal mass in the FE model, and the time-variant modal behaviour of the structure under pedestrian footfall. Both OMA and EMA give a dominant natural frequency for the bridge of between 5.19 Hz and 5.32 Hz, higher than the FE model prediction of 4.31 Hz, and average damping estimates across all modes of vibration below 15 Hz of 0.61% and 0.74% respectively, higher than the 0.5% assumed within the design guidance, slightly reducing the peak response factor predicted for the bridge.

From an antiferromagnetic insulator to a strongly correlated metal in square-lattice MCl2(pyrazine)2 coordination solids

Electronic synergy between metal ions and organic linkers is a key to engineering molecule-based materials with a high electrical conductivity and, ultimately, metallicity. To enhance conductivity in metal-organic solids, chemists aim to bring the electrochemical potentials of the constituent metal ions and bridging organic ligands closer in a quest to obtain metal-d and ligand-π admixed frontier bands. Herein, we demonstrate the critical role of the metal ion in tuning the electronic ground state of such materials. While VCl2(pyrazine)2 is an electrical insulator, TiCl2(pyrazine)2 displays the highest room-temperature electronic conductivity (5.3 S cm–1) for any metal-organic solid involving octahedrally coordinated metal ions. Notably, TiCl2(pyrazine)2 exhibits Pauli paramagnetism consistent with the specific heat, supporting the existence of a Fermi liquid state (i.e., a correlated metal). This result widens perspectives for designing molecule-based systems with strong metal-ligand covalency and electronic correlations.

Development of calculation method for melting amount mass of contact wire caused by melting and evaporation of molten metal bridge and arc generation

AbstractAs the mileage of the electric railway increases, the unevenness of the contact wire may separate the contact wire and the contact strip. Simultaneously, a disconnection arc discharge is generated by the molten metal bridge. This causes the contact wire to melt and evaporate causing it to break. A few studies have conducted experiments to prevent the contact wire from disconnecting. Based on the results thus obtained, they presented their hypotheses considering conditions sch as the current and time required for melting and evaporation of molten metal bridge and arc generation. In this study, a calculation method for the melting and disconnection phenomenon of the contact wire. Its mass increased when the currents from both sides of the contact wire were taken into consideration. Therefore, we obtained that the convection and radiation play an improtant role for calculation of the melting amount mass of contact wire.

New electron transfer bridge construction between Ni3(HTTP)2 and graphene oxide layers for enhanced electrocatalytic oxidation of tetracycline hydrochloride

Electron transfer capability as crucial properties of anode is directly related to electrocatalytic performance. However, the contributions of electron transfer were always under estimated due to the ambiguous mechanism of electrocatalysis. In this paper, a new electron transfer bridge was constructed in Ni3(HTTP)2/GO to provide a new insight into electrocatalytic performance enhancement. The contributions of active sites candidates, including metal sites, ligands (metal bridging atoms), and electron transfer bridges were innovatively separated. As replacement experimental results (of metal sites and metal bridging atoms), both metal sites and metal bridging atoms contributed slightly as the active center directly for the electrocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH). The great improvement was attributed to the generation of “GO-C-O-S-C-Ni3(HTTP)2” bridges, in which S atoms from ligands were critical anchoring sites for the connection of two 2D layers (Ni3(HTTP)2 and GO layer). The experimental and density functional theory results showed Ni3(HTTP)2 could donate electrons to GO layers, leading the electrostatic imbalance of charge density to facilitate electron withdrawal from pollutions (not only TCH, but also dyes and complex microbial flora). The results of this paper provide a new strategy for improving electrocatalytic efficiency by adjusting electron transfer for novel practical applications of Ni3(HTTP)2/GO composites.

`Failure analysis of short-circuit failure of metal-oxide-metal capacitor

Metal-oxide-metal (MOM) capacitors are used widely in semiconductor integrated circuits. This study describes a method for failure analysis of MOM capacitor short-circuit. We present two case examples to highlight the significance of this method. Various techniques are described, such as thermal emission microscopy (ThEM), beam induced resistance change (OBIRCH), photoemission microscopy (PEM), focused ion beam (FIB), and passive voltage comparison (PVC). ThEM could be an effective alternative, albeit with low magnification. OBIRCH could help verify the defect location in the MOM structure, albeit with a large region of interest (ROI). The application of PEM based on an InGaAs detector can reduce the ROI and yield satisfactory fault isolation results. PVC can indicate the metal bridge phenomenon and help guide FIB cross-sectional analysis. To summarize, our observations indicate that PEM and PVC are effective alternatives for the failure analysis of MOM short-circuit failure.

Geometric conditions for minimizing entropy production in thermocouple design

This work shows a methodology for designing thermocouples of thermoelectric modules. The main quantities for design calculations are the geometric parameters: Cross-sectional area and leg length. Furthermore, the thickness of the ceramic material and the thickness of the metal bridge are considered. In addition, temperature-dependent thermoelectric properties are included in the analysis: Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity. An analysis of the entropy production is performed for two thermocouple geometries: Quadrangular and cylindrical. The proposed methodology allows determining the geometric conditions that the thermocouple must meet to minimize the entropy production and maximize efficiency. A conclusive result of this work is that the geometric conditions that minimize entropy production are the same that maximize the efficiency.

Effects of groove clearance size on gap bridging capacity in PWLBW of Ti6Al4V alloy sheet assembled in butt joint configuration: Numerical simulation and experimental assessment

In laser tailor-welding of metal sheets, it is difficult to keep the assembly clearance fixed due to plate specification deviation, tooling error, and thermal deformation. In this paper, the influence of clearance size on gap bridging capacity and in turn the seam appearance quality was investigated for thin Ti6Al4V alloy plates, configured by an improved pulse wave laser beam welding (PWLBW) scheme. The welding experiment and the numerical simulation were performed at 1.2 mm-thick workpieces assembled in a butt joint with a reserved clearance. With the clearance size enlarged from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, the gap bridging type changes from bilateral to unilateral, which results in the failure of the keyhole to rebound during the pulse interval, and causes an obvious reduction in metal bridge area at the cross-section. As the clearance increases further, a through-cavity geometry is generated between the weld spots and finally preserved within the solidified weld bead, indicating a poor overlapping effect. The dynamics of the weld pool, including thermal cycle, Marangoni convection, and molten metal flow rate are exquisitely sensitive to the change in clearance size. The clearance size during assembly and welding processes should be controlled below 0.4 mm to attain seam integrity, continuity, and sound tensile property.

Efficient progressive global-local fatigue assessment methodology for existing metallic railway bridges

This paper presents an integrated fatigue analysis methodology for existing metallic railway bridges, progressively implementing global to local fatigue assessment methods, each requiring a different level of calculation detail. The former are adopted mainly for screening the fatigue-critical connections using nominal stress-based SN curves, which often oversimplify the characteristics of the loading transference mechanisms, relying on high safety factors. On the other hand, the latter methods are innovatively proposed to refine the fatigue evaluation of connections that present unsatisfactory remaining fatigue life according to the global assessment. A multiscale modelling is adopted, leveraged by modal superposition concepts for structural analysis, which allows efficiently bridging the difference between the scale related to the overall size of the bridge and the local one associated with the fatigue damage developed at hot-spots (e.g., rivet holes). A real case study is investigated to demonstrate the added value of the innovative and efficient progressive fatigue assessment of details that would otherwise not be accurately analysed, taking into account the local characteristics of the response, if only common global procedures were implemented.

Mixed-Metal and Mixed-Ligand Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on 2,6-Naphthalenedicarboxylate: Thermally Activated Sensitization and White-Light Emission.

Trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln3+) hold an exceptional position in the field of optoelectronic materials due to their atomic-like emission spectra and long luminescence lifetimes. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and coordination polymers are particularly suited as luminescent materials due to their structural diversity and ease of functionalization both at bridging ligands and/or metal centers. In this contribution, we present a series of mixed-metal Ln3+/Eu3+ (Ln = La, Gd) and mixed-ligand (2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (ndc2-) and 4-aminonaphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate (andc2-)) MOFs belonging to three different structural types, with emissions spanning most of the visible region, thereby constituting favorable materials for color tuning and white-light emission. We investigate the thermal stability and photophysical properties of the synthesized materials with regard to their metal and ligand doping levels and structural type, where we discuss excimer and monomer emission. The photophysical study, involving both steady-state and time-resolved luminescence measurements, allows us to discuss the possible energy migration and Eu3+ sensitization pathways that take place within these materials following ligand excitation. Low-temperature luminescence studies led us to determine the energies of the ligand-based excited states and investigate their participation in thermally activated energy transfer mechanisms within the studied lattices. We observe emission quantum yields of up to 87% for the Eu3+-doped materials, while their ligand- and metal-doped counterparts show decreased quantum yields of up to 17%. Finally, we attempt fine color tuning by carefully adjusting the doping levels to achieve yellow and white-light emission.