Bridge Repair Research Articles

Haglund Excision and Suture Bridge Repair

Background: Haglund deformity and insertional Achilles tendinopathy involve a degenerative process demonstrating disorganized collagen and mucoid degenerative material causing pain and swelling. Indications: Operative management through a distally based midline incision should be explored if symptoms are refractory to nonoperative management (activity and shoewear modifications, heel lifts, physical therapy, and heel sleeves). Direct lateral approach with small longitudinal split and removal of lateral prominence “pump bump” is performed when a patient has pain isolated solely to the prominence. We feel that endoscopic removal does not allow for appropriate evaluative of degenerative tissue. Techniques: Through a distally based incision, we dissect to the level of the paratenon and make one smooth cut through paratenon and tendon. We then excise the mucoid, degenerative tissue. Removal of Haglund deformity and exostosis is carefully accomplished with a saw. We then utilize a rongeur to smooth Haglund deformity and any remaining medial/lateral calcaneal prominences. We then complete a dual-row speed bridge with 4 suture anchors (horizontal mattress) and a modified Mason-Allen technique. A Thompson test is then repeated and the longitudinal split is repaired. Postoperatively, we have patients weight bear as tolerated in a boot for with suture removal and transition to shoewear at the 2-week mark. We begin range of motion and activity once the wound has healed. We expect return to sport beginning at 3 months with full return by 6 months. Results: The current body of literature shows significant patient satisfaction and minimal risk of complication. Some authors have shown significant improvement in American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS) scores, with only 1 patient requiring a flexor hallucis longus (FHL) transfer and no complications. Further studies identify early weight-bearing in Achilles suture bridge technique to have some promise with improvement in visual analog scale (VAS)/AOFAS scores, though there is risk of wound breakdown. Discussion/Conclusion: An Achilles suture bridge technique with early weight-bearing is a viable option for patients with Haglund deformity, and insertional Achilles tendinopathy who have failed conservative management. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.

Approach for Estimating Inspection Staffing Needs for Highway Construction Projects

Construction inspectors are the primary workforce in the highway construction industry who ensure that the work on infrastructure projects meets or exceeds the quality standards set. However, there is a growing concern in state departments of transportation (DOTs) about the inspection process because of the declining availability of experienced inspectors. This study proposes an approach for estimating inspection staffing needs for highway construction projects. Data from 157 construction projects completed between 2017 and 2021 were used to evaluate project inspection staff size based on the project type, cost, and duration. A total of 35 core inspection items were identified by carrying out a content analysis of construction inspection documents. Then, a focus group of 18 experts from the Kansas DOT was conducted to verify the list of 35 cost inspection items and evaluate the number and experience of inspectors required for each item. The four project types included in the analysis are as follows: grading/surfacing; sealing; surface recycling and overlay; and bridge repair. The analysis showed that the inspection staffing needs depend on project type, duration, and size. The grading/surfacing and bridge repair projects require more inspection staff than the sealing, and surface recycling and overlay projects. The result of a Spearman’s correlation analysis indicated that there is a significant association between the risk level of an inspection item and the number and experience of inspectors required for that item. The findings from this study may help state DOTs identify their needs for inspection staff and improve the quality of highway construction projects.

Method for the Rapid Creation of Bridge Database Systems and Practices in Developing Countries

In recent years, Japan has assisted in technique and capacity development for bridge maintenance and management in developing countries worldwide. Such projects are aimed at formulating maintenance and management plans, which include bridge inspection and repair techniques. However, because the current conditions of the bridges to be managed are not well understood, most developing countries have no effective data available for formulating bridge maintenance and management plans. To this end, the authors introduce a bridge database system that uses smartphones to collect bridge inventory data and implements a brief bridge inspection to help formulate bridge maintenance and management plans as a part of technical-assistance projects supported by the Japan International Cooperation Agency in Kenya, Madagascar, and Tajikistan. Furthermore, a bridge database system that includes bridge inventory and inspection records can be established automatically during data collection and inspection work without any additional effort. This system is expected to contribute toward establishing a bridge database system in countries that have no inventory data or inspection records.

Youth participation in village development (Study in Muara Badak Ulu Village, Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan)


 
 
 
 The battle of earlier generations to realize the nation's aspirations is being carried on by youth. Youth are regarded as a group of individuals who are creative and have fresh perspectives on progress. Including youth in development requires giving them the chance to realize their diverse aspirations and aspirations. For the younger generation to be interested in development, this is a significant capital. This study seeks to understand the elements that affect young engagement in development in Muara Badak Ulu Village, Muara Badak District, and Kutai Kartanegara Regency. The research design is descriptive qualitative research with Milles and Huberman's data analysis model, which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drafting. The findings indicated that youth involvement in the building of a road divider in front of the elementary school and market, repair of the road bridge on RT. 14, and fogging in Muara Badak Ulu Village, both in terms of contributions of ideas and materials and assistance during the planning, implementation, and evaluation, is adequate. Young people's willingness, aptitude, and chance to participate in the development of Muara Badak Ulu Village are three characteristics that are starting to become apparent.
 
 
 

Numerical Investigations on Seismic Behavior of Segmental Assembly of Concrete Filled Steel Tube Piers with External Replaceable Energy-Dissipating Links.

In order to reduce the damage sustained by the substructure of bridges during an earthquake, reduce economic loss, avoid casualties, and ensure the quick repair of bridges after an earthquake, this paper, inspired by the good seismic performance of the rhombic opening in the shear wall structure, proposes a precast segmental concrete-filled steel tubular (PSCFST) pier with external replaceable energy-dissipating links (EREDL).Through finite element simulation analysis, it can be found that the energy dissipation capacity of a PSCFST pier with external EREDL is increased by 104% compared with that of a PSCFST pier without EREDL, and the lateral bearing capacity is increased by 76.9%. Through parameter analysis, it can be found that the change of initial prestress has little effect on the energy dissipation capacity of PSCFST piers, and the seismic performance of PSCFST piers can be improved by properly increasing the ultimate tensile strength of the energy dissipator materials. Compared with the energy dissipators made of Q235 steel, the energy dissipation capacity of PSCFST piers made of Q435 steel energy dissipators is increased by about 85.4%; At the same time, the thicker the energy dissipator, the stronger the energy dissipation capacity of the PSCFST pier, and the lateral bearing capacity is further improved.

Evaluation of the CHBDC-simplified method of analysis for transverse wood deck on wood girder bridges

Between the 2006 and 2014 editions of CSA S6, significant changes were made to the simplified method of analysis (SMA) for all girder bridges, including transverse wood deck on wood girder bridges. The load-distribution predictions became more conservative, resulting in both load-limit posting of existing bridges and increased cost for bridge construction, repair, and replacement. In this paper, we examine the load distribution for the timber bridge inventory in NS. Finite-element models are developed and rigorously validated; a parametric study, consisting of 204 bridges, is performed; current SMA equations are evaluated; and new equations for the truck-load distribution width are derived. The new equations bring SMA predictions of the longitudinal bending moment for transverse wood deck on wood girder bridges into line with currently expected safety-index levels. Corrected bias factors and coefficients of variation for live-load analysis/evaluation in conjunction with CSA S6 are presented.

3D Displacement Measurement of Railway Bridge According to Cyclic Loads of Different Types of Railcars with Sequential Photogrammetry

In the early days of railroads in Korea, railway bridges were constructed as steel plate-girder structures, which are vulnerable to vibration and torsion. Many of these bridges have since been replaced with concrete-slab structures, which have high stability. Nevertheless, steel railway bridges still remain all over the country, and a lot of manpower and cost is being invested in the maintenance and repair of such bridges. Moreover, there have not been experimental analyses aiming to measure the cyclic loads that occur when a train enters. To ensure bridge safety, it is necessary to periodically inspect deformations. To this end, the present study proposed a sequential photogrammetric technique for measuring the deformation of a steel railway bridge for three types of railcars. Sequential stereo images of the bridge with multiple feature points are obtained using sequential photographing cameras, to determine the ground coordinates of each point as a function of time based on the space intersection from the relative orientation with coplanarity and the scale adjustment. All of these processes are performed through automated techniques using only the cameras and the targets. With this setup, the 3-dimensional dynamic motions of the bridge due to the cyclic loading of trains could be measured. In addition, the displacements by the proposed method were compared to those obtained with the 3D Laser tracker. The horizontal displacements errors did not exceed 0.5 mm and the vertical error was within 2.3 mm in root mean square error (RMSE) at camera-to-object distances of about 9 m.

Comparison of Locking-Loop Suture Bridge Repair and Single-Row Suture Anchor Repair in Small to Medium Rotator Cuff Tears: A Prospective Cohort Study With Clinical and Ultrasound Evaluations.

Single-row (SR) and double-row repair techniques have been described to treat rotator cuff tears. We present a novel surgical strategy of arthroscopic-assisted mini-open repair in which a locking-loop suture bridge (LLSB) is used. To compare the functional outcomes and repair integrity of LLSB technique to the SR technique for arthroscopic-assisted mini-open repair of small to medium rotator cuff tears. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Included were 39 patients who underwent LLSB repair (LLSB group) and 44 patients who underwent SR suture anchor repair (SR group) from 2015 to 2018. We evaluated all patients preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively using the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS), and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score. Also, shoulder sonography was performed at 12 months postoperatively to evaluate repair integrity using the Sugaya classification system. The independent-sample t test was used to analyze functional outcomes (VAS, OSS, and ASES scores), and the Fisher exact test was used to analyze postoperative sonography results. Patients in both the LLSB and SR groups saw a significant improvement on all 3 outcome measures from preoperatively to 24 months postoperatively (P < .001 for all). However, when comparing scores between groups, only the scores at 3 months postoperatively differed significantly (VAS: P = .002; OSS: P < .001; ASES: P = .005). Shoulder sonography at 12 months postoperatively revealed no significant difference in repair integrity between the LLSB and SR groups (retear rate: 10.26% and 6.82%, respectively; P = .892). Better outcome scores were seen at 3-month follow-up in the LLSB group, with no difference in retear rates compared with the SR group at 12 months postoperatively. The LLSB technique was found to be a reliable technique for rotator cuff repair of small- to medium-sized tears.

Evaluation of long-term performance of an intraperitoneal biomaterial in the treatment of ventral hernias

BackgroundOne-year device safety and clinical outcomes of ventral hernia repair with the GORE® SYNECOR Intraperitoneal Biomaterial, a hybrid composite mesh was evaluated.MethodsThis retrospective, multicenter, case review analyzed device/procedure endpoints and patient-reported outcomes in patients treated for hernia repair ≥ 1 year from study enrollment.ResultsIncluded were 459 patients (with 469 ventral hernias) with a mean age of 58 ± 15 years; 77.1% met Ventral Hernia Working Group 2 (VHWG2) classification. Mean hernia size was 18.9 cm2 and 57.3% of hernias were incisional. Laparoscopic or robotic approach was utilized in 95.4% of patients. Mesh location was intraperitoneal for 75.6% and bridging repair was performed in 57.3%. Procedure-related adverse events within 30-days occurred in 5.0% of patients and included surgical site infection (SSI), surgical site occurrence (SSO), ileus, readmission, and re-operation. Procedure-related SSI or SSO events were 3.8% through 12 months. SSO events requiring procedural intervention (SSOPI) were 2.6% through 24 months. Four patients (0.9%) had confirmed hernia recurrence through the study (the mean follow-up was 32-months, range 14–53 months). Subgroup comparisons were conducted for all type recurrence; only diabetes was found to be statistically significant (p = .0506).ConclusionIn this analysis, ventral hernia repair with hybrid, composite mesh results in successful outcomes in most patients. This study represents a heterogeneous patient population undergoing repair using various approaches, mesh fixation, and mesh placement locations. These data appear to confirm long-term acceptable safety and device performance with a low rate of recurrence in a predominantly VHWG2 population.

Transosseous-Equivalent/Suture Bridge Technique in Combination With Platelet-Rich Plasma Application Yield Optimal Clinical Outcomes in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Bayesian Network Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

To assess the clinical evidence defining the optimal combination of arthroscopic suture technique and platelet-rich products (PRP), and application for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). All level of evidence (LOE) I randomized controlled trials (RCT) focusing on arthroscopic suture technique and/or PRP application in ARCR were included. The exclusion criteria were LOE II or worse, studies with other interventions, studies reported none of the predetermined clinical outcomes; studies unable to extract any precise data; studies from the same patient group of included studies. A pair-wise meta-analysis and Bayesian network analysis were performed on each comparison. The intervention options were ranked by Bayesian network analysis. 27 studies comprising 1,947 individuals met the inclusion criteria. The application of transosseous equivalent/suture bridge repair (SB) with PRP (SB+PRP) significantly reduced retear rate (risk ratio [RR], 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], [0.15, 0.55].) and increased Constant-Murley score (mean difference, 1.90; 95% CI, [0.14, 3.74]), compared to SB repair. Single-row repair (SR) with PRP usage (SR+PRP) significantly reduced retear rate (RR, 0.27; 95% CI, [0.12, 0.55]) and pain visual analog scale (VAS) (mean difference:-0.84; 95% CI [-1.39,-0.46].), increased University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder score (mean difference: 1.48; 95% CI [0.50, 2.58]) and Constant-Murley score (mean difference: 4.53; 95% CI [2.65, 6.38]), compared to SR repair. The ranking for outcomes demonstrated SB+PRP resulted in the best retear rate, UCLA shoulder score, with the second-best postoperative pain, Constant-Murley score, while SR+PRP resulted in the best postoperative pain, Constant-Murley score, with the second-best retear rate and UCLA score. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair utilizing SB+PRP yields optimal retear rate and UCLA shoulder score, with the second-best postoperative pain and Constant-Murley shoulder outcome score, while SR+PRP yields the best in these two parameters. Level I, Bayesian network analysis of level I RCT.

Surgical Repair and Augmentation of a Large Type-2 Re-tear of the Rotator Cuff with a Novel Biocomposite Scaffold: A Case Report

Case A 55-year-old female presented with pain and weakness in her right shoulder after a new traumatic event occurred. She had undergone a rotator cuff repair to this right shoulder 4 months earlier with dermal strip augmentation secondary to poor tissue quality at the time of index surgery. For historical context, her contralateral shoulder had undergone a previous primary rotator cuff repair with xenograft, which failed, and was ultimately revised to a full thickness repair 2 years prior. A repeat MRI demonstrated a recurrent large type-II rotator cuff tear with grade 3 Goutallier fatty infiltration. A novel biocomposite scaffold (BioBrace™) was used to augment a revision double row bridge repair with margin convergence. MRI at three and eight months after surgery suggested functional remodeling and growth of new tissue. At 10 months, arthroscopy was performed to evaluate bicipital pain and arthroscopic images demonstrated full incorporation of the biocomposite scaffold within the underlying native tendon and an intact repair. The source of bicipital pain was unrelated to the implant and a biceps tenodesis was performed to resolve the pain. Clinical outcomes were assessed preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) Shoulder Score, and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE). Conclusion The use of a novel biocomposite scaffold augmentation for revision rotator cuff repair demonstrated evidence of healing, incorporation, and remodeling at 10 months post-procedure. VAS, ASES, and SANE pre- and post-operative outcome scores were analyzed at 1 year demonstrating significant improvement across all metrics. This case report suggests the use of a novel biocomposite rotator cuff augment can provide a via option for revision rotator cuff repair.

Compatible Swarm Intelligence Model and Construction Method to Satisfy Bridge Design and Load Rating Requirements and Considering Geotechnical Variability

This paper details the novel combination of a population-based swarm intelligence algorithm, structure mechanics, geotechnical variability, and a specific construction staging methodology, to propose an autonomous construction system which can erect a bridge over arbitrary crossing geometry while satisfying project constraints and conventional design code requirements (the Proposal). The fields of metaheuristic applications in structures (MAS), unmanned aerial systems (UAS), and additive manufacturing are all independent innovations in the transportation industry. The Proposal brings these fields together, with a vision that independent drone robots with very basic programming could construct a bridge with no user interruption and without performing a conventional structural design. A simulation as proof-of-concept is compared with a modern bridge design; the result is a modest increase in materials with an anticipated dramatic saving in labor. The paper also studies the effects of geotechnical variability for insight into preparation for possible future construction methodologies and algorithms. The Proposal has promise where socio-economic issues may be a factor, such as construction of infrastructure in remote locations or developing nations, and emergency repair or replacement of bridges. With recent U.S. policy supporting a permanent lunar presence and expanding Moon to Mars exploration through the Artemis program, the Proposal may also assist infrastructure development in advance of human missions.

Suture Bridge Transosseous Quadriceps Tendon Repair for Spontaneous Quadriceps Tendon Rupture in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease

End-stage renal disease with spontaneous quadriceps tendon rupture (QTR) is a specific condition that differs from classic QTR. The tissue quality of the quadriceps tendon (QT), the rupture site, the mechanism of injury, and the pathophysiology of the rupture mechanism all have an effect on conventional QT repair procedures, with a higher likelihood of rerupture or failed repair construction. We believe that our technique provides repair-site stability, strong repair construction, increased contact surface healing, and a reduced chance of rerupture after QT repair. Furthermore, in most patients who have end-stage renal disease with QTR, misdiagnosis and/or underestimation occurs, resulting in proximal retraction of the QT and poor results; however, this technique can be performed with alternative procedures such as augmentation or QT lengthening. The suture bridge transosseous QT repair technique relies on biomechanics knowledge for better stability. Suture bridge repair concept can achieve better healing of all layers of the QT until returning to normal activity with no disability and an improved quality of life.

Restrained shrinkage behavior of internally-cured UHPC using calcined bauxite aggregate in the ring test and UHPC-concrete composite slab

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) can be a good candidate for bridge deck overlay or repair materials of structural members due to its superior mechanical properties or durability. However, large autogenous shrinkage characterized by UHPC may be an obstacle to extending its applications. A novel internal curing (IC) agent, calcined bauxite (CB) aggregate, has been developed to effectively reduce the autogenous shrinkage of UHPC and meantime enhance its mechanical properties. This study further examines its efficiencies in solving shrinkage issues by restrained ring test and large-scale UHPC-concrete composite slabs. In restrained ring tests, when both no fibers, the IC UHPC matrix with CB aggregate shows smaller crack width (0.25 versus 1.0 mm at 9 d) and delayed (5.2 d versus 3.6 d) onset of cracking than the normal UHPC matrix; when having fibers, the normal UHPC shows micro-cracking while no cracking was detected in IC UHPC even observed at one year. Normal UHPC overlay shows more serious delamination and curling than the IC UHPC overlay, and it also shows a hairline crack on the side surface at midspan. Early-age exposure to drying at 1 d has a detrimental effect by exhibiting the most severe delamination and curling of the UHPC overlay, and reinforcement in UHPC layer is effective in reducing its shrinkage strain.

ОЦІНКА ЕПОКСИДНО-БІТУМНОГО КОМПОЗИТУ ДЛЯ ЙОГО ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ В АСФАЛЬТОБЕТОННИХ ТОНКОШАРОВИХ ПОКРИТТЯХ НА АВТОДОРОЖНІХ МОСТАХ

Introduction. In this review, epoxy components, in particular epoxy resin and its hardener (thermoactive polymer additives), are defined as the main component of epoxy-bitumen composite (hereinafter — EBC), which is part of the asphalt concrete mixture. The article is aimed at highlighting the results of research conducted to determine the physical and mechanical properties of thin-layer asphalt concrete pavement with the use of EBC for its use on highway bridges. According to the results of laboratory tests, epoxy asphalt concrete (hereinafter — EAB) can be considered one of the best choices for the next generation of durable materials for the installation of thin-layer coatings on highway bridges due to their excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability, as well as economic viability, taking into account the absence of the need for waterproofing of the bridge deck, excessive maintenance and repair costs and a long service life. Problem statement. One of the main mechanisms of destruction of asphalt concrete coatings on highway bridges, especially with orthotropic slabs, is its constant dynamics from external influences, which causes significant deformations that mercilessly affect the durability of the entire bridge structure. Taking into account the thermoreactive nature of epoxy components, the idea of ​​using them as a bitumen modifier arose in order to minimize deformations of the asphalt concrete coating on bridges, reduce the load from the weight of the bridge deck on span structures, and also increase the resistance of the coating to the influence of aggressive environments. In order to obtain high-quality research results for the further possibility of ensuring the installation of coatings on bridges with the best operational characteristics and the most efficient use of labor and resources, studies of the physical and mechanical characteristics of EAB were carried out according to the Superpave methodology. Objective. The purpose of this article is to present the physical and mechanical characteristics of EAB in comparison with other ordinary asphalt concrete on polymer bitumen for the qualitative assessment of the use of EBC during the manufacture of epoxy-asphalt concrete mixtures (hereinafter — EABS) and to determine the real possibility and level of efficiency of using such mixtures for the installation of bridge pavements on automobile roads roads, taking into account the main goal — to increase its durability at various load frequencies due to the improvement of strength, crack resistance and, of course, rut resistance. To achieve the specified goal, a set of experimental studies was conducted, with a comparison of the characteristics of EAB and a number of Superpave protocols of the tested asphalt concretes on polymer bitumen, such as: limit of compressive strength at temperatures of 50 °С, 20 °С and 0 °С; density and water saturation; limit of tensile strength at splitting; stability, conditional plasticity and index of conditional stiffness according to the Marshall method; resistance to rutting. Particular attention was paid to determining the resistance of EAB to the formation of rutting, because during the implementation of certain stages of research it was found that when positive test results were obtained for other indicators, in particular for strength indicators, it is far from a fact that the material is able to pass the rutting resistance test. After the completion of the corresponding comprehensive field test of the bridge covering with EAB, a quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of its use in comparison with similar types of coverings designed to increase the service life (from 30 to 40 years) is planned. Materials and methods. A thin-layer asphalt concrete coating on bitumen modified with thermoreactive polymer additives for its use on an orthotropic or reinforced concrete slab of the carriageway of a road bridge.

Repair and Restoration of the Historical Wellesley Bridge at Srirangapatna: A Case Study

The Historical Wellesley Bridge, built by the Krishnaraja Wadiyar under the supervision of Dewan Purnaih across river Cauvery at Srirangapatna. Situation of bridge is got when heavy rainfall followed by heavy inflow from Cauvery Catchment area in Kodagu District. At present, the Government of Karnataka has taken measures to do the restoration works using the same previously used materials with slight changes. Hence, in the present investigation the authors are doing a case study on the above structure by testing the ingredients of the materials used for it and also by conducting Non-Destructive Test on the structure to know its strength before and after restoration. Based on the test results obtained, the authors will give a conclusion with respect to durability aspects. In addition to the above, the authors will test for few alternative materials i.e., lime mortar with Cement (i.e. MM2 Grade Masonary mortar). Finally, from the obtained test results here the authors can suggest suitable material for the structures.

EVALUATION OF THE AIR KANYUT BRIDGE CONDITIONS, BANGKA REGENCY, BANGKA BELITUNG PROVINCE USING THE BRIDGE INSPECTION METHOD DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF BINA MARGA

Bangka Regency is one of the regencies in Bangka Belitung Province, which has several potentials for improving regional economies, such as agriculture and plantation, fisheries and marine, mining and industry, and tourism. Bridges have an important role in supporting activities in the sector, but there are bridges that are estimated to have critical conditions in Bangka Regency, namely, Air Kanyut Bridge. Special handling is needed in the maintenance and repair of bridges and roads, so all of activities supporting economy can run well. Bridge maintenance conducted with regular and periodic inspections, if there is damage during the inspection, then proceed with a special inspection to determine the required preservation measures. The Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing through the Directorate General of Bina Marga has a guideline used in conducting bridge inspections, namely Bridge Inspection Guidelines Number 01/P/BM/2022. The guidelines contain general provisions and technical provisions regarding the planning, preparation, and implementation of bridge inspections required for inventory inspection, detailed inspection, routine inspection, and special inspection of bridge conditions.

Knotted and knotless double row transosseous equivalent repair techniques for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair demonstrate comparable post-operative outcomes.

To compare failure rates and outcomes after transosseous equivalent (TOE) double row (DR) knotted suture bridge versus knotless suture tape bridge repair techniques for rotator cuff tears. A consecutive series of 272 shoulders in 256 patients who underwent arthroscopic, double row, TOE repair for full-thickness tears of the supraspinatus tendon were reviewed. Eighty-four shoulders were repaired using knotted suture bridge (KSB) technique, and 188 shoulders were repaired using all knotless suture tape bridge (KTB) technique. Revision procedures and concomitant subscapularis tendon repairs were excluded from analysis. The minimum follow-up was 12months. Primary outcome was failure of surgical repair, defined as either confirmed retear on MRI and/or need for revision surgery. Secondary clinical outcome measures were assessed including range of motion, strength, visual analog scale (VAS), operative time, subjective shoulder value (SSV), Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) mental and physical health, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Score (ASES), Brophy shoulder activity scores, and need for manipulation under anesthesia (MUA). A total of 127 shoulders (38 KSB and 89 KTB) met inclusion criteria for the study. No significant difference in demographic variables were present between the groups at baseline. Supraspinatus tear size and average follow-up time did not differ significantly between groups. Failure rates were similar between the KSB and KTB repairs (13.1 vs 7.9%, n.s.). There was no significant difference in functional outcomes including strength, range of motion in forward flexion and external rotation, as well as patient reported outcomes including VAS, SSV, PROMIS, ASES, and Brophy scores between the groups. There was also no difference in post-operative stiffness requiring MUA. Both KSB and KTB repair techniques demonstrate low retear rates with excellent functional outcomes when compared to pre-operative examination. Both KSB and KTB techniques are viable options for achieving a successful rotator cuff repair. Level III.

Experimental Research on Properties of UHPC Based on Composite Cementitious Materials System

As concrete damage occurs frequently in the transition zone of bridge expansion joints, this paper discussed ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) based on composite cementitious materials system for the repair of the bridge expansion joint transition zone. The performance of UHPC based on composite cementitious materials system was studied by combining the macroscopic properties and microstructure of the material with the hydration mechanism of the cementitious material. The influence of sulphate aluminum cement (SAC) on composite cementitious materials system was studied. The experimental results showed that the appropriate amount of SAC can effectively reduce the setting time in the composite cementitious materials system. While SAC caused the strength to decrease, it has little effect on the mechanical properties of the composite cementitious materials system. When the ratio of SAC is 0.1 in the composite cementitious materials system, the setting time is shortened with maintaining the dense micro-structure observed by the SEM images. It can achieve fast hardening and have good early mechanical performance while retaining excellent long-term properties. Therefore, the addition of SAC can effectively make it possible to apply the excellent performance of UHPC for the repair of highway and bridge.

Distal Triceps Rupture with an Injury of the Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament: a Result of a Fall Onto an Outstretched Arm - a Case Series.

Traumatic triceps tendon ruptures are rare and known to result in substantial disability unless appropriate surgical treatment is performed. A traumatic rupture can occur due to a fall onto the outstretched hand. Tearing of the triceps tendon results in a valgus load onto the elbow, which can lead to injuries to the radial head/neck and/or the ulnar collateral ligament. Hence, attention must be paid to associated pathologies after diagnosis of rupture to the distal triceps tendon. Our surgical procedure in these cases includes diagnostic arthroscopy to detect concomitant injuries. In the following, we present three cases where we performed an open suture bridge repair of the triceps tendon followed by suture repair of the ulnar collateral ligament. All patients recovered well and reported no elbow pain or limited range of motion. The ASES and Mayo Elbow Performance scores were 100 at the 1-year follow-up.