The features of flow fluid and convective heat transfer have been investigated numerically in a rotating rectangular U-shaped microchannel for various aspect ratios (AR). Pure water is used as working fluid and 3D steady simulations are performed for Reynolds number of 400. The effects of aspect ratio (AR = 0.25–4), slip/no-slip conditions, rotational speeds in the range of 0–300 rad/s on the velocity profiles/contours, heat transfer, pressure drop, Nusselt number, and thermal performance coefficient are studied. The results show that an increase in AR (for AR>1) or a decrease in AR (for AR<1) provided an increase in pressure drop and heat transfer. Besides, contrary to hydrophilic microchannel, the heat transfer and pressure drop decrease in microchannel with the hydrophobic surfaces for all ARs considered. In addition, the thermal performance coefficient (E) is used as a balance between heat transfer augmentation and the power consumed. It is found that the E is higher for microchannel with hydrophobic surface than that of with hydrophilic one for all ARs examined. Moreover, the rotating microchannel is more efficient in respect to heat transfer enhancement than that of the stationary case, especially at AR = 1. Moreover, the results for two thermal boundary conditions of constant heat transfer and constant wall temperature conditions are compared at AR = 1 and it is found that the total Nusselt number is higher for constant wall temperature case than that of constant heat flux case in rotating microchannel while it is contrary in stationary one.