Botanical Reserve Research Articles

A new record of Colchicum fominii (Colchicaceae) in Odesa Region

A new record of the rare species Colchicum fominii (Colchicaceae) in Odesa Region is reported. The new locality was recorded on the steppe slope in the Kuchurhan River valley near Hayivka village, Rozdilna District. Its total area was 60,000 m2, with the maximum plant density of 12 individuals per 1 m2. In order to fully assess the state of the population of C. fominii, it is recommended to carry out studies in spring during the formation of leaves and fruits, as the number of flowering plants in a locality depends on the amount of precipitation before or during flowering. At present, the locus classicus of C. fominii has been transformed into a synanthropic habitat with intensive overgrowth of trees, shrubs and weeds, which negatively affects the general state of the population of C. fominii. The new habitat of C. fominii has a high potential for the development and conservation of the species in the Kuchurgan River valley and requires certain protection measures, in particular, the establishment of a botanical reserve.

Botanical Reserves of Curly Birch in the Republic of Karelia

Botanical Reserves of Curly Birch in the Republic of Karelia

Fritillaria meleagris L. (Liliaceae) in the Kharkiv Region: ecological preferences, conservation problems

Fritillaria meleagris L. is a рalearctic species with a disjunct distribution. It is protected at the national level in Ukraine, listed as "vulnerable" in the Red Data Book. Most of the data on the species distribution, as well as on the status and stability of its populations, have been obtained for the Carpathian region. Much less information is available for F. meleagris in the Forest Steppe, especially for its left-bank part. The article presents the results of the study of the peculiarities of F. meleagris distribution in the Kharkiv Region and provides information on the structure of coenopopulations and their ecological and coenotic preferences. Problems and prospects for this species conservation are also considered. The studies cover the biotopes of the Merla River valley and its tributary, the Merchyk River (the Dnipro River basin) in an area of more than 35 square km. In the Kharkiv Region, the F. meleagris coenopopulations were found mainly in grass-type biotopes. These are usually secondary post-forest meadows of the Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Tx. 1937 class. Only one coenopopulation is located in a tree-type biotope (mixed floodplain forest with Quercus robur L., Ulmus laevis Pall., Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Salix alba L., Padus avium Mill., Populus аlba L., P. deltoides Marshall, P. tremula L., Acer negundo L., А. tataricum L., A. campestris L., without a pronounced dominant). The specificity of the ecological regimes of the studied localities of F. meleagris has been clarified by the phytoindication method. As a rule, they are damp (less often, fresh) forest-meadow habitats with full, but uneven (temporarily excessive) wetting of the root layer of the soil. The soils are moderately aerated, weakly acidic (pH 5.5–6.5), enriched with salts, but with insignificant carbonate content, and often relatively poor in terms of mineral nitrogen. The climate is characterized by submicrothermal conditions with signs of subaridity and subcontinentality. We have not detected any significant variability of conditions (both edaphic and climatic) in the studied localities. They are more or less optimal for the existence of F. meleagris. In all the F. meleagris localities studied, the change in the hydrological regime due to the reclamation of floodplain remains a risk factor but does not pose an immediate threat. The existence of forest coenopopulations in glades is threatened by overgrowth of trees and shrubs (the invasion of Populus tremula and Acer negundo is particularly dangerous). The decrease in the number of meadow coenopopulations is a result of plowing and burning. Currently, in the Kharkiv Region, F. meleagris is protected in Slobozhanskyі National Nature Park (1 locality) and in Kapranskyі Botanical Reserve of local importance (11 localities). Monitoring of the existing localities outside the protected areas and their inclusion into the expansion zone of the Slobozhanskyі National Nature Park is an important condition for their preservation.

New data on geographical distribution of Diphasiastrum tristachyum (Lycopodiaceae) in Ukraine

Diphasiastrum tristachyum (Lycopodiaceae) is a rare species of the Ukrainian flora, listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine. In our country it occurs mainly in Central (Zhytomyr) Polissya. Two localities only have been recorded in Volhynian Polissya. In the literature sources, there is no information about distribution of D. tristachyum in Kyiv Polissya. However, back in 1899, the species was collected near the town of Boyarka (KWU0001665). Although correctly identified, this specimen has not been previously included in distribution data. We report a new locality of D. tristachyum from pine forest in Lub'yanka Forestry in Bucha District, Kyiv Region. In the Podolian Upland, an isolated local population of D. tristachyum was found in a karst sinkhole near Hutysko village, Ternopil Region. A list of all known localities of D. tristachyum in Ukraine and data on the current state of its populations in the newly reported localities are provided. It is proposed to establish a botanical reserve in Lub'yanka Forestry.

Botrychium virginianum (Ophioglossaceae), a new species for the flora of Volyn Polissia (Ukraine)

During floristic surveys conducted in the southern part of Volyn Polissia (Rivne Region) in July 2021, a rare and relict species, Botrychium virginianum (Ophioglossaceae), was discovered for the first time in this area. According to the Ukrainian sozological data, the species is included in the category Endangered; using the IUCN categorization, it is considered as a Critically Endangered (CR) species of the flora of Ukraine. In Ukraine, where the southern border of the species range is located, 30 localities have been recorded until present, most of them prior to the first half of the 20th century. The reported location of B. virginianum is associated with the carbonate uplift of the first floodplain terrace of the right bank of the Horyn River within the boundaries of the Kostopil-Berezniv physiographic district of Volyn Polissia. A small local population consists of at least five individuals with high vitality. The ecological and phytocenotic conditions of the reported species habitat have been studied and its limiting factors have been clarified. It is recommended to include this site with a cluster of rare species of the flora in the Suskyi Botanical Reserve of national importance, which is located nearby.

GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF LAND USE STRUCTURE OF THE PIDGORODNYA TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY

The purpose of the study is to assess the geo-environmental parameters and optimize the land use structure of the Pidgorodnya territorial community. The authors used special methods to determine the anthropogenic load, coefficients of ecological stability and anthropogenic transformation of the territory of the Pidgorodnya territorial community.
 The Pidgorodnya territorial community is located in the center of Ternopil region and Ternopil district, covering an area of 123.47 km². The community is home to 7418 people. The Pidgorodnya community was established in 2020 and unites 7 rural settlements, on the basis of which 6 starosta districts and a center in the village of Pidhorodne were created. The soil cover of the study area is among the most fertile soils in the region. There are two rivers and 8 ponds within the community.
 The article analyses and geo-ecologically assesses the land use structure of the Pidgorodnya community. It is established that the structure of land use in the study area is dominated by arable land (71%), forests occupy 7%, built-up land - 4%, pastures - 9%, hayfields - 5%, perennial plantations - 3%, land under water and swamps - 1%. The share of natural lands in the community is 27%, and the level of community conservation is 1.1%. The community has created 5 protected areas: a botanical garden, 2 botanical reserves and 2 botanical natural monuments with a total area of 135.5 hectares.
 Based on the results of the calculations, the coefficient of anthropogenic transformation of the territory of the Pidgorodnya territorial community was determined, which is 6,16; the coefficient of ecological stability – 0,28; anthropogenic load score is 3,7 and the coefficient of anthropogenic load – 3,7. According to the results obtained, it was found that the territory of the Pidgorodnya territorial community is ecologically unstable with an average degree of landscape transformation, and an average degree of anthropogenic pressure. Based on the calculations and results obtained, we can state the need to optimise the land use structure of the Pidgorodnya territorial community.
 In order to correct and improve the situation and bring the study area to the normative indicators of environmental stability, a number of optimization measures a number of optimization measures should be taken. The article substantiates the optimisation model of land use of the Pidgorodnya territorial community, which provides for a reduction of arable land by 25%, an increase in forest cover by 17%, and bringing the share of natural lands to the optimal level of 50%. Given the landscape features of the study area, we propose to reduce arable land at the expense of low-productive and eroded lands. Thus, the optimised land use structure of the Pidgorodnya territorial community will include 46% arable land, 24% forests, 25% pastures, hayfields and perennial plantations, 4% built-up land, and 1% land under water and marshes. Implementation of this approach requires changing the designated purpose of individual land plots and organising their landscape-adapted use. The prospect of further research is to determine the areas of land for transferring them from the anthropogenic category to the natural category, with further optimisation.
 Key words: geoecological assessment, land use, ecological stability, anthropogenic load.

Representation of the genus Larix Mill. in the protected areas of Ukrainian Polissia

Larix decidua Mill. may become more important than Picea abies (L.) Karst for reforestation and restoration of the natural balance, and therefore it is necessary to investigate this species. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to conduct an inventory of Larix taxa in the protected areas of the mixed forest zone of Ukrainian Polissia, to analyse their distribution, age structure, and use. Research methods used: route, analytical, comparative analysis, systematisation. It was found that 5 species, one variety and two hybrids of larch grow in the protected areas of the mixed forest zone of Ukraine. It was established that L. decidua is the most widespread – it grows in parks-monuments of landscape art, natural monuments, protected tracts, reserves in pure mixed plantings, alleys, row plantings, groups and as a solitaire tree. L. sibirica, L. kaempferi grow as solitaire trees and in groups of 3 to 10 specimens in 9 and 10 protected objects, respectively. L. gmelinii is present in two arboretums, L. laricina – in one. Larix decidua var. polonica (Racib. ex Wóycicki) Ostenf. & Syrach is not widespread, represented in groups in 6 parks-monuments of landscape art and Bereznivskyi denrorark. Larix × eurolepis A. Henry. is widespread in pure and mixed stands, grows in an alley in the Slavianskyi park-monument of landscape art, in groups – in the Lisova Aleia Botanical Reserve, Bereznivskyi denrorark, and in mixed stands of the Riznolissia General Zoological Reserve. The age structure is quite diverse, represented by L. decidua, L. sibirica, L. decidua var. polonica aged from 100 to 200 years. Other species, varieties, and hybrids are represented by specimens aged from 3 years (L.×eurolepis) to 80 years (L. kaempferi). 69.2% of larch stands are in good condition, 28.9% are in satisfactory condition, and only 1.9% are in poor condition. The results of the research can be used in the further creation of pure and mixed stands, alleys, etc. in the mixed forest zone

Aconitum lasiocarpum and A. variegatum (Ranunculaceae) populations near the eastern limits of their ranges in the lowlands of Ukraine

The study of the ranges, habitats and current state of rare and threatened species of plants is a relevant task of ecological research. The paper presents the results of the study of habitats and current state of populations of two rare species of Ukrainian flora Aconitum lasiocarpum (Rchb.) Gáyer and A. variegatum L. (Ranunculaceae) in the lowlands of Ukraine. These species are members of the mountain element of the flora of lowlands of Ukraine and glacial relics, which descended from the Carpathians Mountains to the lowlands of Ukraine during glaciation. Aconitum lasiocarpum is a rare species of European flora, included to the Red Data Books of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine. Unlike the well studied A. lasiocarpum populations in the main part of the range in the Carpathian Mountains, local populations of this species near the eastern limit of the range in the lowlands of Ukraine remain undescribed. In these exclaves of the range in the lowlands of Ukraine A. lasiocarpum is a glacial relic. Here it grows in alder forests Ribo nigri-Alnetum ordo Alnion glutinosa alliance. Lowland A. lasiocarpum populations consist of 1000–10000 adults with a significant number of young individuals. In the past lowland A. lasiocarpum populations occupied a much large area. Deforestation and drainage melioration led to reduction of the populations. Taking into account the low number of glacial relic populations at the eastern limit of the range of A. lasiocarpum, all localities of this species in the lowland part of the range in Ukraine must be taken under protection in situ. Aconitum variegatum L. grows in wet alder and oak forest and in areas with hazel shrubs. The populations of this species in lowlands of Ukraine occupy a very small area and are characterized by low numbers of individuals. In the past populations of this species in the lowlands of Ukraine occupied a larger area. As a rare species of the Ukrainian flora A. variegatum deserves to be included to the Red Data Book of Ukraine. We propose to protect the unique population of A. variegatum near Susk village in Rivne region as a botanical reserve.

ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ФАУНИ КОМАХ РЯДУ ТВЕРДОКРИЛІ НА ЛУЧНО-СТЕПОВИХ ДІЛЯНКАХ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКУ «КРЕМЕНЕЦЬКІ ГОРИ»

The article establishes the patterns of transformation of the group of soil-litter of the Coleoptera in the meadow-steppe areas o the National Park "Kremenetski Hory", which are caused by the losts of the meadow steppes. The species composition of the ground-litter Coleoptera on the meadow-steppe habitats was analyzed in accordance with field research during 2019–2021 at the mountains Divochi skely, Sokilya and Volovytsia, as well as in the botanical reserve of national significance "Vakantsi".
 Afforestation of the meadow-steppe habitats of the Kremenets Mountains almost completely destroyed them, and the remaining areas are localized as small "islands" far from each other, and their area is insignificant. The dominant species found on the territory of the Park are Carabus coriaceus and C. convexus, Abax parallelus, Nicrophorus interruptus, Leptura maculate, Gnaptor spinimanus (the highest number at the mountains Maslyatyn, Strahova) and Maladera holosericea occur with high regularity in the meadow-steppe areas. By comparing the soil-litter beetles in the meadow-steppe areas of the Park, Shannon's diversity index is 2.6, and Simpson's index is 0.8. The species of Coleoptera in the meadow-steppe areas differ significantly, the highest rate of species diversity is characteristic of the mountain of Sokillya and the botanical reserve "Vakantsi".

PROBLEMS OF NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND NATURE PROTECTION IN THE KACHAVA RIVER BASIN

The modern irrational use of water and land resources has led to a violation of the ecological balance, the destruction of natural landscape complexes of river valleys and the territories adjacent to them, and the pollution of water bodies. The basin as a special spatial unit of the biosphere is the most promising for the multi-faceted study of nature, economy, and nature management.
 The purpose of the research is to analyze the structure of land use in the Kachava River basin, the peculiarities of agricultural, industrial, transport and recreational nature use, their impact on the environment, the level of anthropogenic transformation of geosystems, the development of land use optimization measures.
 Thanks to the analysis of the structure of land use in the Kachava River basin, it was found that it deviates significantly from scientifically based norms (anthropogenically transformed territories predominate (72.9%), including arable land (62.2%). Excessively high and ecologically dangerous plowing of land was found: in many cases, the land is plowed up to the river bed, because of this, the eco-corridors in the basin, which are an important link of the eco-network, are cut off. The coefficient of anthropogenic transformation of the geosystems of the Kachava River basin was calculated (according to the method of P. Shishchenko), which is equal to 7.2 and indicates a high level of transformation of the geosystems of the studied territory.
 A positive balance of greenhouse gases has been established in the river basin due to a large share of arable land (1079 tons of CO2 per year), as well as due to the operation of livestock complexes (approximately 300 tons of CO2 per year) due to internal fermentation and processing of manure.
 The impact of industrial facilities on the environment was analyzed and measures to reduce the negative impact were proposed. The level of traffic load in all settlements of the Kachava River basin was studied. The calculation method established an excess of average CO emissions from motor vehicles in the villages of Romanivka, Malyi Khodachkiv, and Kolodiivka.
 The recreational load and recreational capacity of the territory were studied. The ecological condition of the Kachava River, Romanivskyi, Kolodiivskyi and Malochodachkivskyi ponds was analyzed according to physical and hydrobiological (Wudivis method) indicators.
 Measures to optimize land use in the Kachava river basin are proposed: it is proposed to reduce arable land by 97.65 hectares (5.7%) mainly due to afforestation; creation of two new protected objects (a landscape reserve near the village of Malyi Khodachkiv and a botanical reserve in the forest in the village of Romanivka). The submitted proposal will contribute to increasing the share of ecostabilization lands under natural vegetation from 27 to 33% of the total area of the river basin and achieving the formation of a continuous ecocorridor that will connect the objects of the nature reserve fund.
 Key words: nature resource management, optimization, anthropogenic transformation, river basin, ecological situation.

Influence of the pyrogenic factor on natural ecosystems of «Podilski Tovtry» National Nature Park

«Podilski Tovtry» is the largest national nature park in Ukraine, covering an area of 261,316 hectares, it stands out among all other parks for its dense population. There are 196 rural settlements, 4 villages and 1 city on the territory of the park. A significant number of them have direct contact with protected objects — botanical reserves, geological and botanical monuments of nature. Anthropogenic pressure is significant, human intervention in the functioning of natural ecosystems is active. This situation is aggravated by the influence of the pyrogenic factor. Fires that occur with constant periodicity can at any moment develop to catastrophic proportions for the diversity of the park’s ecosystems. Research shows that the ecological impact of fires in the national park is complex, and possible changes in the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil and microclimatic conditions do not provide good prospects for the preservation of flora and fauna, which leads to their loss. In addition, fires directly affect air quality due to the emission of pollutants into the atmosphere as a result of incomplete combustion of biomass. As a result of water and air migration, geological monuments of nature are further transferred to the nearby wetlands and hydroecosystems of the Dniester River, which contributes to their destruction. Based on the calculation of the integral risk, taking into account the weighting factors of the most unfavorable conditions and factors that determine the maximum risk, it was determined that the share of the anthropogenic factor is decisive (65%) in the occurrence of fires in the NNP «PodilskiTovtry». To the greatest extent, it depends on the presence of nearby rural settlements in the absence of a fire monitoring network and distance from fire stations. Taking into account the features of the terrain, the inaccessibility of certain areas of the park, fires can develop rapidly, covering large areas in minutes. On the basis of the conducted research, it is proposed to carry out calculations of the risks of fire occurrence and spread for each individual object of the nature reserve fund, which will become the information basis for the construction of electronic vector maps of the assessment and forecast of the fire hazard of the entire territory of the NNP «PodilskiTovtry».

Whose Heritage

Whose Heritage

Epipactis albensis (Orchidaceae) species new to the flora of Lithuania. Data from the northeastern limit of the species distribution area

Epipactis albensis Nováková & Rydlo (Orchidaceae), a species new to the flora of Lithuania, was found in the southwestern part of the country, in the Bukta Forest (the Žuvintas Biosphere Reserve, Marijampolė district) in 2020, and the nearby Dalginė Forest (the Dalginės Botanical Reserve) in 2021. The closest isolated population is located ca. 340 km southwest, and newly recorded populations form an island outside the main distribution area. Species populations occur primarily in the Tilio-Carpinetum betuli plant community showing ecological plasticity. A part of the population occurs in habitats with anthropogenic influence. Epipactis albensis is the only obligate autogamous Epipactis species known in Lithuania until now. Although its flowering season starts at the end of July or the beginning of August, solitary flowering specimens can be found in September or even later. According to the assessment applying the IUCN criteria, species should be treated as endangered (EN) [B2a,b(ii)c(iv) D] in Lithuania.

ОЦІНКА ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО СТАНУ НАВКОЛИШНЬОГО СЕРЕДОВИЩА ІЛЛІНЕЦЬКОЇ ІМПАКТНОЇ СТРУКТУРИ

The article summarizes information about the Ilyinets structure exclusiveness, highlights its geological, mineralogical and geochemical, landscape and historical and cultural features. This topic relevance is due to the issues of preserving land resources within the cosmogenic landscape and assessing the state of the environment. The assessment of the ecological state of the study area made it possible to outline the threats to the environment within the Ilyinets crater. Among the natural origin threats, exogenous processes (geological work of surface waters, wind erosion, weathering) stand out, as a result of which ravines and gullies are formed; there is soil degradation, landscape changes and the like. Anthropogenic pressure carries two types of threats: unintentional actions to cause harm; and willful harm. The anthropogenic activity sometimes coincides with natural processes, raising their harmful consequences. In the work, stresses, critical, supercritical and catastrophic states of the environment of the Ilyinets impact structure are indicated. The characteristics and ranking of environmental threats are presented. The data obtained allow us to represent the ecological state of the Ilyinets crater as close to supercritical. We consider the administrative approach to the geological natural monuments allocation to be the main problem of the Ilyinets impact structure preservation. In order to stop the deterioration of the ecological state and preserve the unique natural structure, soils, landscapes and biogeodiversity of the territory, it is proposed to create the Ilyinets National Natural Park together with the existing botanical reserves, since increased ravine formation and intensive agricultural activities will lead to the land and forest resources degradation, impoverishment of biodiversity, as well as the loss of the recreational and tourist attractiveness of the region as a whole.

PROSPECTS OF THE OBTAINING OF THE MAIN TYPES OF PEAT PRODUCTS FROM THE RAW OF SLAVNOYE AND ESMONOVSKY MOKH PEAT DEPOSITS

An assessment of resources and qualitative composition of raw materials of Slavnoye and Esmonovsky Mokh peat deposits, reserved by the state for bio-thermochemical processing, has been made. On the basis of a complex of studies of organo-mineral, group and botanical compositions, technological characteristics and peat reserves, the possible directions of the complex use of raw materials are substantiated. A nomenclature list of products recommended for production has been developed.
 Based on consideration of such indicators as science intensity and high added value, consumer demand and the quality of the raw materials available at the deposit, types of commercial products that can be obtained from the specified raw materials have been determined, its approximate volumes and volumes of received products, as well as approximate price indicators of these products. It is shown that the more preferable is to obtain different directions of sorbents use, then biohumate preparations for both studied deposits in relation to the fuel direction (peat briquettes, milled peat).

Botanical reserve “Juniper grove at the balka of Kanly-Dere named after Novella Vavilova” in the Crimea

The materials of the study of the botanical reserve «Juniper grove at the balka Kanly-Dere beam named after Novella Vavilova» are presented: vegetation, floristic composition, sozological status of species. The vegetation is a digressive variant of shiblyaks, transformed into a Juniperus deltoides community in combination with forb-grass steppes. The flora list includes 170 species of higher vascular plants, including 10 adventitious species, 3 endemic to the Crimea and 21 rare species. The Red Book of the Russian Federation includes 5 species, the Red Book of the Republic of Crimea - 6, the European Red List (ERL) - 12, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants (IUCN) - 11, the International Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) protects 3 species.

NATURAL RECREATIONAL RESOURCES OF CHORTKIV DISTRICT OF TERNOPIL REGION

The article presents a component-by-component analysis of natural recreational resources of the newly created territorial and administrative unit –Chortkiv district of Ternopil region. Geomorphological, water, biotic recreational resources are described. It is proposed to allocate the Chortkiv recreational area, which will include three recreational complexes: Monastyrysk and Buchach, Borshchiv and Zalishchyky, Chortkiv and Husyatyn. For the selected recreational complexes and nodes the types of recreational occupations according to the main groups of recreational resources are offered.The Monastyrysk and Buchach recreational complex has recreationally interesting landscapes that are part of the Dniester Canyon Landscape park, in particular the cascades of Rusylivsky and Sokiletsky waterfalls, the Zholoby cave (for cognitive recreation), and the mass recreation territory in the area of ​​the Lisova camp site, as well as the valley of the Strypa River from the village of Skomorohy (Buchach territorial community) to the village of Lytychi (Zalishchyky territorial community) for water tourism. Borshchiv and Zalishchyky recreational complex includes Borshchiv and Zalishchyky recreation centers and is characterized by very high recreational potential due to the aesthetic appeal of landscapes, a large number of living and inanimate objects, high climate comfort. The Dniester canyon, saturated with natural protection objects along its entire length, is favorable for the development of ecotourism, tourist and excursion cognitive recreation.Zalishchyky recreational center. Within the valley of the Dniester River in the vicinity of the village Khmelev, the valley of the river Dzhuryn near the village Nyrkiv and village Nahoryany (Chervonogorod waterfall) of Tovste territorial community, areas for mass recreation. The development of cognitive tourist and excursion recreation is promoted by Zhyzhavsk and Obizhevsk botanical reserves of national importance, in which forest and meadow and steppe groups with valuable relict shrubs are protected: Polish spiraea, Cyticus Podilskyy, dwarf cherry. Kasperivtsi Landscape Reserve of national importance with unique natural complexes in the valley of the Seret River with a picturesque reservoir, the presence of geological, paleontological and botanical objects of nature is a place of short-term recreation. In the valley of the Dniester and its tributaries there are ways to the surface of mineral waters – sulfate, chloride, like "Naftusya" or "Druskininkai" (Zalishchyky, Tovste), as well as medicinal peat bog (Tovste), which, in combination with a warm climate (climatotherapy), is the basis for the development of health and recreation.The unique flora of Western Podilsk Transdnistria is represented in Zhyzhavsk, Obizhevsk, Shutromyntsi, tract "Hlody" botanical nature reserves, can be the object of scientific and cognitive tourism for botanists, teachers, students, students of profile and secondary schools.Borshchiv recreation center also has a high recreational potential. Extremely interesting for the development of scientific and cognitive tourism are the outcrops of sediments belonging to the Paleozoic era (Trubchyn tract, Dzvenyhorodsk Silurian outcrops, Silurian and Devonian deposits in the Dniester, Khudykivsk outcrops of Lower Cretaceous deposits). In terms of completeness, number of fossil fauna and flora, accessibility for observation, most of them are of international importance and are stratotypes for the Eastern European platform.Chortkiv and Husyatyn recreation complex includes Husyatyn and Chortkiv recreation centers. Husyatyn recreation center specializes in the development of health and recreation. Husyatyn is a balneological resort with the use of low-mineralized water with a high content of organic substances such as "Naftusya" called "Novozbruchanska" and brines of high mineralization such as "Druskininkai" called "Husyatynska". Chortkiv recreational center specializes in short-term recreation, development of sports and recreation, which is facilitated by areas of river floodplains, slopes covered with forests, the river Seret for various types of water tourism.Key words: recreational resources, administrative district, recreational district, recreational complex.

An annotated list of the flora of the perspective local botanical reserve “Vovchi Vody” (Kharkiv region, Ukraine)

The territory of the projected local botanical reserve “Vovchi Vody” is situated in the eastern vicinity of Vovchansk town (Chuhuiv (formerly Vovchansk dist.) district, Kharkiv region, Ukraine) and occupies 47 ha. The area of the perspective nature reserve t includes chalk outcrops, steppe plots, floodplain meadows on the right bank of Vovcha river, spontaneous dumps, roads and trails, ruined buildings of brick factory. There are few finds of rare species, but have not detail floristic researches. The brick factory was working there from the end of XIX to the end of XX centuries. The landscapes are transformed and destroyed after it activity. During 2018–2020, we has thirteen expeditions. We created an annotated list of the vascular plant of the studied territory. The list includes the information about modern scientific name of the species; their relative occurrence; distribution pattern, hyhromorphes and ceonorphes;selection division to alien and rare flora fractions etc. The floristic list of the perspective botanical reserve “Vovchi Vody” includes 206 species from 47 families, 3 classes and 2 divisions of vascular plants. The largest families are Asteraceae (35 species; 16,9 %), Poaceae (20 species; 9,7 %), Fabaceae (20 species; 9,7 %), Lamiaceae (19 species; 9,2 %), Scrophulariaceae (13 species; 6,3 %), Rosaceae (9 species; 4,3 %) Ranunculaceae (7 species; 3,4 %), Apiaceae, Boraginaceae, Rubiaceae (each one contains 6 species; 2,9 %). The area of perspective nature reserve has great scientific and bioconservation importance. Twenty five species have a sozological value. Ten species are included to Red Data Book of Ukraine and fifteen species are included to Оfficial list of regional rare plant species of Kharkiv region.

THE BRYOPHYTE FLORA OF BEREHOVE TOWN (TRANSCARPATHIA, UKRAINE)

Berehove is the district center in the Transcarpathian region. The town is located within the Transcarpathian lowland, in the valley of the Tysa river. Its area occupies of 19 square kilometres where about 24 thousand population lives. At the beginning of the XX century, bryophytes of the Transcarpathians studied Polish, Hungarian and Czech botanists. After the Second World War, these studies continued Ukrainian researchers, namely M.P. Slobodyan, S.V. Melnyk and others. In general, 27 species of bryophytes were known to our research.In 2018 and 2020, a modern bryofloristic study of Berehove was carried out. The botanical reserve «Ardov» was examined, as well as some parks and street plantations, where more than 80 packets of mosses were collected. As a result of the generalization of own and literary data in the town of Berehove and its surroundings, 71 species of bryophytes have been established, of which 5 species liverworts and 66 ones of mosses. Leading places in the spectrum of moss families occupy Brachytheciaceae, Pottiaceae and Orthotrichaceae. The richness of bryophyte species is observed mainly on natural and artificial rocky substrates, trunks of trees, after that – on the ground. In the botanical reserve «Ardov», a number of mosses are growing, which are not detected within the built-up part of Berehove. In this town, apart from widespread mosses, some rare in Ukraine species, namely Syntrichia latifolia, Dicranoweisia cirrata, Rhynchostegium megapolitanum are known.

ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ВИЩИХ СУДИННИХ РОСЛИН І ЛИШАЙНИКІВ КАРДАШИНСЬКОГО БОЛОТА В МЕЖАХ НПП «НИЖНЬОДНІПРОВСЬКИЙ»

Kardashynka swamp is the largest swamp not only in the Kherson region, but also in the entire steppe zone of Ukraine. According to the results of the study of the part of the Kardashynka swamp, which in 2015 became part of the Nyzhnyodniprovskyi National Nature Park and is located in the Kherson region between the villages of Kokhany of Holoprystansky and Solonets of Oleshkivsky districts, 214 species of vascular plants were recorded, which belong to 194 genera and 83 families. The leading families of flora are: Asteraceae (31 species), Cyperaceae (19), Poaceae (15), Lamiaceae (10), Fabaceae (9), Brassicaceae (8), Rosaceae (9), Caryophyllaceae (8). We have not identified the species included in the Red Book of Ukraine in the studied area. Among the regionally rare species, the growth of: Alnus glutinosa, Quercus robur, Dryopteris carthusiana, Fraxinus excelsior, Nymphaea alba, Carex lasiocarpa was observed. The basis of vegetation is compiled of: in the swamps −Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Iris pseudacorus L., Frangula alnus Mill., Typha angustifolia L., Urtica dioica L., Tephroseris palustris (L.) Rchb., Carex elata All., Carex pseudocyperus L., Hottonia palustris L. Poa bulbosa L.; in the meadows – Plantago major L., Alsine media (L.) Vill., Cerastium glutinosum Fries, Lathyrus palustris L.,; Poa bulbosa, Poa palustris L., Carex acuta L., Carex acutiformis Ehrh., Melilotus albus Medik., Trifolium arvense L., Glechoma hederacea L. Juncus effusus L., and in reservoirs - Lemna minor L., Lemna trisulca L. , Nymphaea alba L., Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm., Myriophyllum sp. Lichen biota is represented mainly by epiphytes on the bark of Salix sp. and Populus alba. On the bark of Populus alba, a typical for this area species Xanthoria parietina, Amandinea punctata, Scholiciosporum chlorococcum, Physcea adscendens, Physcia tenella are presented. Also, we note that among the priority areas for the development of nature reserves is the possibility of expanding the territories. One of such objects, which, eventually, can be included in the boundaries of NNP "Nyzhnyodniprovskyi", is the designed botanical reserve of national importance "Kardashinka swamp". The part of the territory is already included to the economic zone of NNP "Nyzhnyodniprovskyi". Key words: swamp, species, sozophytes, national nature park