Botanical Museum Research Articles

The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians as it Relates to the History of the Tribe. Paul A. Vestal and Richard Evans Schultes, with a foreword by Clyde Kluckhohn. (Harvard University, Botanical Museum, xiii + 110 pp., 4 plates, 1 map. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1939.)

The Economic Botany of the Kiowa Indians as it Relates to the History of the Tribe. Paul A. Vestal and Richard Evans Schultes, with a foreword by Clyde Kluckhohn. (Harvard University, Botanical Museum, xiii + 110 pp., 4 plates, 1 map. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1939.)

Cytological Study of <i>Droscra obovata</i> MERT et KOCH. with Special Reference to its Hybridity

Drosera obovata MERT et KOCH which is found in OSE shows an intermediate form between Drosera anglica HUDSON and Drosera rotundifolia L. Comparing the specimens, which were sent from the european botanical museums, with japanese Drosera obovata, the morphological feature with special reference to its lamina is discussed.A cytological study of three species of Drosera above mentioned is described.Drosera anglica HUDSON 2n=40 n=20Drosera rotundifolia L. 2n=20 n=10Drosera obovata MERT et KOCH 2n=30Meiosis in Drosera obovata shows 10 bivalent chromosomes and 10 univalent chromosomes (10II+10I). Cytological studies of D. obovata especially the behaviour of chromosomes lead to the conclusion that D. obovata is the hybrid between D. anglica and D. rotundifolia.

Announcements

DR. PAUL C. MANGELSDORF, vice-director of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, has been appointed professor of botany in Harvard University and assistant director of the Botanical Museum.

Vittaria lineata from Lincoln County, Georgia

ders in rather dry hammock, Annuttalagga, Brooksville. March 8, 1936. E. P. St. John. GEORGIA: Walker Co., 2.5 miles northwest of Lafayette, April 24, 1938, Pyron and McVaugh #2751 (also from Dade County and Tallulah Falls). LOUISIANA: St. Tammany Parish, On magnolias, vicinity of Covington, Sulphur Springs, March 15, 1924, Bro. G. Arsene #14764. MISSISSIPPI: Simpson Co., Saratoga, Nov. 6, 1902, S. M. Tracy #8303. TENNESSEE: Blount Co., near Tremont; Sharp, Jennison, and Bishop, April 12, 1931. BOTANICAL MUSEUM, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

On Polystichum aleuticum C. Chr., a New North American Species

The occurrence in North America of a new Polystichum totally different from all other species hitherto found there is surprising, and a few remarks about it will certainly be of interest to the readers of this JOURNAL. It was found in the island of Atka, one of the Aleutian Islands, in 1932 by a member of a Swedish expedition to Alaska and the Islands. The leader of the expedition, Mr. Eric Hulten, well known for his great work on the flora of Kamtschatka and now curator of the Botanical Museum at Lund, Sweden, placed the whole collection of Pteridophytes made in the Aleutians in my hands for determination. Besides several common temperate or subarctic species the collection contained a few tufts of a Polystichum, which I at once regarded as a new and very interesting novelty. I described it as P. aleuticum and my description with photograph was recently published by Mr. Hulten together with other new species from the islands.1

Observations on a Monascus Isolated from Rubber

1. Monascus ruber van Tieghem is reported found at the Botanical Museum of Harvard University growing on a specimen of smoked crude rubber of Hevea brasiliensis attacked by an undetermined species ...

Educational Topics and Events

CAMBRIDGE.—D. H. Valentine, of St. John's College, has been appointed curator of the Botanical Museum and Herbarium.

THE BOTANICAL MUSEUM PART III*

School Science and MathematicsVolume 36, Issue 4 p. 416-422 THE BOTANICAL MUSEUM PART III* Edwin D. Hull, Edwin D. Hull Hull Botanical House, Gary, IndianaSearch for more papers by this author Edwin D. Hull, Edwin D. Hull Hull Botanical House, Gary, IndianaSearch for more papers by this author First published: April 1936 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.1936.tb12875.x * Previous sections of this article appeared in November 1935 and February 1936. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume36, Issue4April 1936Pages 416-422 RelatedInformation

THE BOTANICAL MUSEUM PART II*

School Science and MathematicsVolume 36, Issue 2 p. 192-201 THE BOTANICAL MUSEUM PART II* Edwin D. Hull, Edwin D. Hull Hull Botanical House, Gary, IndianaSearch for more papers by this author Edwin D. Hull, Edwin D. Hull Hull Botanical House, Gary, IndianaSearch for more papers by this author First published: February 1936 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.1936.tb11044.x * Part I of this article appeared in November, 1935. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume36, Issue2February 1936Pages 192-201 RelatedInformation

A Century of Botany: 1835—1885—1935

IN 1835 Glasgow already possessed a botanic garden, which had been established in 1818 by Royal Charter. In this same year, the regius chair had also been founded. It was occupied in 1835 by its greatest tenant, Sir William Hooker, who after holding it for twenty years became, in 1841, the first director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew. He was succeeded in that office by his son, Sir Joseph Hooker, who had been educated in this University. Thus Glasgow may be held as the cradle of the national establishment. Under the care of the professor, the Royal Botanic Garden of Glasgow had become a centre of high horticulture, and of the distribution of rare plants, many of them new to science. But there was in 1835 no Department of Botany in the old College. There were no laboratory, botanical museum, herbarium, or library, beyond what Hooker himself possessed, which was accommodated in his own private house. So when he was appointed as the first Director of Kew in 1841 he naturally took his collections with him, leaving the University wholly denuded; though Kew itself absorbed thus the finest private collections in the country.

THE BOTANICAL MUSEUM: PART I

School Science and MathematicsVolume 35, Issue 8 p. 825-843 THE BOTANICAL MUSEUM: PART I Edwin D. Hull, Edwin D. Hull Hull Botanical House, Gary, IndianaSearch for more papers by this author Edwin D. Hull, Edwin D. Hull Hull Botanical House, Gary, IndianaSearch for more papers by this author First published: November 1935 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8594.1935.tb10967.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume35, Issue8November 1935Pages 825-843 RelatedInformation

The Third International Phytogeographic Excursion

The Third International Phytogeographic Excursion, which had been proposed in i9i5 by the Swiss botanists, and which had been postponed on account of the World War, was held during the summer of 1923. The main party met in the Botanical Museum of the Technical High School in Zurich and was addressed by the head of the High School, the rector of the University, and the committee of arrangements composed of Drs. C. Schroeter, H. Brockmann-Jerosch and Ed. Ruibel. After the lectures, delivered in French and German, the party inspected the finely appointed laboratory of botany with its important collection of teaching material. The first excursion was taken on July 21st to study the Sihlwald, with midday meal at the Hotel Hirschen Albis, while the afternoon was spent in a visit to Utliberg and Uto-Kulm; July 22nd was spent near Zurich in a visit to the mixed forest of Loorenkopf and Adlisberg, with an inspection of the forest experiment station at Adlisberg under the guidance of the director of the station. A two days' excursion with return to Zurich on the evening of July 24 was taken via Brunnen, Luzern and Alpnachstad to the summit of Mt. Pilatus, where the night was spent, the return down the mountain being made on foot the next day. Zurich, which had been the headquarters during the first five days of the excursion, was finally left on July 25. The party entrained for Chur and in rapid succession until August 13, when the party disbanded at Kleine Scheidegg at the foot of the Jungfrau, the points of principal ecologic and phytogeographic interest were visited in Switzerland and Northern Italy. Only some of the important features of the excursion can be mentioned within the limits of this synopsis. At Chur-Reichenau xerotherm vegetation was studied. The party proceeded by Albula Pass into the Engadin, traveling from Bevers to Zernez in the Lower Engadin. Zernez is the gateway to the Swiss National Park, which was visited, as well as the summit of the Buffalora, which commands a view of the Ortler in Tyrol. The botanists found the flora of Alp Buffalora and Mt. Buffalora, just outside the National Park limits, rich and interesting. The forest vegetation in the Upper Engadin between St. Moritz and Pontresina was found to consist of a mixture of Larix decidua, Picea excelsa, Pinus silvestris var. engadensis and woody undergrowth of Vaccinum11 Myrtillus, V. uliginosum, Rhododendrumsn ferrugineuuw, B etula pubescens, Pyrus aucuparia, etc.,

Studies of South American Senecios-I

The writer is fortunate in having had submitted to him for study relatively large series of undetermined specimens of South American Senecios, both from collections obtained on recent expeditions and also unidentified material of many years standing. t The United States National Herbarium, the New York Botanical Garden, the Field Museum of Natural History, the Gray Herbarium, the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, the British Museum of Natural History, the CEKew H-erbarium, the Botanical Garden, Brussells, the Botanical Garden and Museum, Berlin-Dahlem, the Museum of Natural History, Vienna, the Botanical Garden, Geneva, the Botanical Garden, Leiden, and the Botanical Garden, Utrecht, all have generously loaned unnamed material of Senecio for study. To those in charge of these herbaria, I extend sincere thanks. The study of this great assemblage of Senecio has made it possible to identify many of the older anid little-known species of this vast genus. It has been necessary to reduce to synonymy certain species and varieties, and to describe a few new species. It seems desirable and worth while to place on

The Genus Parmeliopsis of Nylander

(With Plate XX) The writer's interest in the group of lichens to be discussed in this paper was first aroused by collecting from an old fence in Needham, Massachusetts, a small, gray, foliose lichen, densely covered with isidia, and suggesting Parmelia rudecta Ach., but lacking the white punctations of that species. In subsequent collecting the lichen was found to grow also on the bark of pines, and proved to be common in Massachusetts, although apparently not much collected. A comparison with material in the Tuckerman Herbarium showed that the plant was what he had called Cetraria aleurites (Ach.) Th. Fr. But when the European authorities were consulted, it was found that there was much confusion in their interpretation of the Lichen aleurites of Acharius. Visits to the leading European herbaria in 1912-1913, including the original herbarium of Acharius now in the Botanical Museum at Helsingfors, gave an opportunity to study first hand the problem of Lichen aleurites and its allies. These lichens have been known by American students under the names used in Tuckerman's Synopsis of North American Lichens: Cetraria aleurites, Cetraria aleurites var. placorodia, Parmelia amnbigua, and Parmelia ambigua var. albescens. Tuckerman thus considered two of these to be varieties of the other

Lind's Work on the Rostrup Herbarium

I beg to draw the attention of mycologists to an excellent work on fungi as represented in the herbarium of E. revised by J. Lind. It is a big volume of about 650 pages in large 8vo, printed at the expense of the Carlsberg Fund. author, whose thoroughness and eminent ability we know from his previous publications, has in this monumental work proved himself a mycologist of high rank. A general idea of the aim and outline of the work may be obtained from the following statement from Lind's introduction: Shortly after the death of Professor E. Ph.D., which occurred on January I6, 1907, I was intrusted with the honorable task of preparing a list of all the species of fungi found in his herbarium. This herbarium was acquired by the University of Copenhagen and has been included in the Botanical Museum of the University. On account of the copiousness of this herbarium, the list will comprise all species of fungi which have hitherto been found in Denmark belonging to the groups of fungi with which Rostrup was mostly occupied. However, in preparing the list, I have also endeavored to point out what an uncommonly diligent man and accurate investigator Rostrup has been. It was my intention in this way to establish a memorial in honor of E. Rostrup as a mycologist and phytopathologist which shall bear witness in foreign countries to the modest and laborious man whose importance as a scientist was never fully understood because he mostly wrote in Danish. subject matter of the first part of the book (pages 1-47) may be suggested from the following heads: The collection of fungi left by the late Professor E. Rostrup, Danish mycologists previous to Rostrup, Phytopathology in Denmark before Rostrup, The assistants of E. Rostrup in the mycological investigation of Denmark, Foreigners who have taken

The Preservation of Nature in Germany

IN 1907 the Prussian Ministry of Education instituted the Central Office for the Care of National Monuments. The office is in the old Botanical Museum in Berlin, and it contains, besides other rooms, a library and a large hall for meetings and lectures. The staff includes a director, two naturalists, a lawyer, librarians, and clerks. Associated with the Central Office there are in the provinces of Prussia forty local committees, on which are representatives of the Imperial. Government, the local administration, the agricultural and forestry departments, and the local% universities and museums. The provincial committees are not supported financially by the State; they receive, however, small grants from the provincial administrations for the purpose of working expenses. The aims of the Central Office are:—(1) To discover the existence of natural monuments1 and to investigate and preserve them; (2) to make records of their situations and the conditions of their ownership; (3) to make maps and photographs of them for permanent preservation in the office; (4) to form a collection of all the literature dealing with the dangers threatening such places and their prevention, the laws relating to the ownership of land, and any scientific books discussing in particular the areas reserved or worthy of reservation.

Raunkiaer's "Life-Forms" and Statistical Methods

C. Raunkiaer, who on January 1, 1912, succeeded E. Warming as Professor of Botany in the University and Director of the Botanic Garden and Museum at Copenhagen, is one of distinguished Danish school which has done so much to promote the study of the vegetative organs of plants in relation to their environment. His naine is primarily associated with a system of so-called types or life-forms and its application in phytogeography. The idea underlying this interesting and valuable system was first expressed at a meeting of the Danish Botanical Society in December 1903, and a short summary was published in 1904 (1). In a more elaborate formi it appeared in French in 1905 (2), and in a still more extended form in 1907 (3) and 1908 (4)-this last paper was translated into German by Tobler and so became more widely known than in the less accessible Danish periodicals. The following account will, it is hoped, convey to English readers a general impression of Raunkiaer's system, besides indicating the evolution of the concept on which it is based. In the 1905 paper (2) Raunkiaer reviews the work of Humboldt, Grisebach, Schouw and Engler as representing what inay be termed the floristic aspect of phytogeography, and of Warming' on growth-forms, and points out something is still lacking to express the correlation between vegetation and climate. He proposes to circumscribe the domain of geographical botany as that geographical science which endeavours to characterise the earth by its climate in so far as this is manifested by the adaptation of plants to the various seasons. As expressed later (3), he aims at finding a method of estimating the value of the climate of the various regionls of the earth by some standard which has a bearing on plant-life. The usual physical methods fail to do this, because different physical factors may have the same effect on plant growth, and the influence of various conlbinations of factors may result in essentially the same growth-form. Thus physiological drought may arise from widely different combinations of physical factors-cold and drought. The plant itself must be the recorder of the biological value of any climate. Any valuation used must have a uniform standard; nlothing can be gained by using cytological adaptations in one growth-form, bud protection in another, and leaf-structure in others. The factor selected by Raunkiaer is the adaptation of plants to the critical or

Botanical Museums in France

Botanical Museums in France

Deutscher Botaniker-Kalender für 1899

THE dates of the births or deaths of distinguished botanists, mostly natives of Germany, are indicated in this pocket diary for 1899. In addition, the rules of nomenclature followed by officers in the Imperial botanical gardens and museums of Berlin are given; and there are lists of works on cryptogamic plants, of botanical gardens in Germany and elsewhere, botanical and natural history museums and collections, and an alphabetical list of the officers in botanical museums and great herbariums.

A. Kerner Von Marilaun

We regret to announce that Dr. Anton Kerner von Marilaun, Professor of Botany in the University of Vienna, died suddenly on June 21 in that city from apoplexy. He was born at Mautern, Lower Austria; on November 13, 1831. He acquired at a very early age a considerable knowledge of the flora of his native province, and had already a good reputation as a botanist when still a student of medicine in the University of Vienna. After having taken his degree as Dr. Med. et Chir., he practised for a short time in one of the Vienna hospitals; but finding the medical career not to his taste, he accepted a professorship in the Josef's Polytechnicum at Ofen, Hungary. In 1861 he was called to the chair of Botany in the University of Innsbruck, which he occupied till 1878, when he succeeded Eduard Fenzl as Professor of Botany and Director of the Botanic Garden and Museum at Vienna, in which position he remained up to his death. In 1875 he was elected a member of the Imperial Academy of Science of Vienna; he received the order of the Eiserne Krone in the following year, in recognition of his achievements as a teacher and man of science, and was knighted in 1877, when he added the title “von Marilaun” to his name. When Eichler, the eminent morphologist, died, the University of Berlin invited him to the vacated chair; but Kerner, who had always been a staunch Austrian, declined.