Boost Converter Circuit Research Articles

Realization of a Novel Artificial Intelligence Fuzzy Controller with Solar Irradiance-altered Maximum Power

This paper reports the realization of a novel artificial intelligence fuzzy Logic controller (AI-FLC) that attained the optimum power of the photovoltaic cell (PV array) with solar irradiance altered (from 300 to 1000 w/m2) using the boost-converter circuit. Experiments were conducted using the Simulink /MATLAB coding. The nonlinear current-voltage character of the PV array was observed to be affected by the weather conditions, solar irradiance level, and ambient temperature. In addition, unique maximum power point for each irradiance level was achieved which was ascribed to the rapid response of the FLC to the atmospheric changes without requiring any system parameters. The obtained accuracy was as much as 98.875%. The post converter circuit was connected to the buck converter for taking the advantage of the generated power, thereby stabilizing the synchronous generator-emanated voltage. The response of the proposed system was demonstrated to be better than the conventional PD control, wherein the output voltage was stable at 220 V even at low levels of the solar irradiance.

Implementation of high step-up power converter for fuel cell application with hybrid MPPT controller

As of now, there are multiple types of renewable energy sources available in nature which are hydro, wind, tidal, and solar. Among all of that the solar energy source is used in many applications because of its features are low maitainence cost, less human power for handling, a clean source, more availability in nature, and reduced carbon emissions. However, the disadvantages of solar networks are continuously depending on the weather conditions, high complexity of the solar energy storage, and lots of installation place is required. So, in this work, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Stack (PEMFS) is utilized for supplying the power to the local consumers. The merits of this fuel stack are high power density, ability to work at very less temperature values, efficient heat maintenance, and water management. Also, this fuel stack gives a quick startup response. The only demerit of PEMFS is excessive current production, plus very less output voltage. To optimize the current supply of the fuel stack, a Wide Input Operation Single Switch Boost Converter (WIOSSBC) circuit is placed across the fuel stack output to improve the load voltage profile. The advantages of the WIOSSBC are less current ripples, uniform voltage supply, plus good voltage conversion ratio. Another issue of the fuel stack is nonlinear power production. To linearize the issue of fuel stack, the Grey Wolf Algorithm Dependent Fuzzy Logic Methodology (GWADFLM) is introduced in this article for maintaining the operating point of the fuel cell near to Maximum Power Point (MPP) place. The entire system is investigated by utilizing the MATLAB software.

Dc/dc Boost Converter Topologies and Experimental Comparison in Electric Vehicle to Grid Applications

In applications that transfer energy from the electric vehicle (EV) to the grid, the direct current (dc)/dc boost converter circuits on the vehicle must be light, low volume, and high efficiency. To achieve this advantage, the inductor sizes used in non-isolated dc/dc converter circuits must be reduced. Synchronous and interleaved synchronous topology structures are used in dc/dc boost converter circuits. This study conducted experimental performance analyses of these two dc/dc boost circuits in a system with a battery group and a wireless EV charging structure. The study presents that in the interleaved synchronous dc/dc boost topology at the same power values, inductor currents and output voltage/current ripple decrease, and efficiency increases. The performance characteristics of the two circuit topologies under different operating conditions have been experimentally proven. It has been shown that using interleaved synchronous dc/dc boost converter topology is advantageous in EVs' high charge/discharge applications.

Optimization DC-DC boost converter of BLDC motor drive by solar panel using PID and firefly algorithm

The use of solar photovoltaic panels as source of power for Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors requires a DC-DC Converter circuit. One application of solar energy is as a power source for Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors. The main problem is the voltage fluctuation and low DC voltage generated by the solar panel. This research aims to improve the performance of the DC-DC Boost Converter circuit and minimize voltage fluctuations. The methodology encompasses mathematical modeling of the circuit in the form of transfer functions and optimizing the DC-DC Boost Converter circuit using the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller and the Firefly algorithm. Simulation testing results indicate an improvement in transient response performance of the DC-DC Converter circuit as a driver for the BLDC motor. This is evidenced by an increase in rise time from 499 s to 820 s, a decrease in settling time from 3.33 e+03 s to 2.07e+03 s, and a reduction in overshoot to 0 % from previously 11.4 %. The utilization of the firefly algorithm in optimization significantly enhances system efficiency, as demonstrated by faster achievement of stability without excessive oscillation and a reduction in the time required for the system to settle. Overall, this study shows that the firefly algorithm is effective in developing DC-DC Boost Converter circuits, improving system efficiency by reducing settling time and eliminating overshoot. These findings provide empirical evidence of the effectiveness of using artificial intelligence algorithms in enhancing the operational efficiency of energy conversion systems.

Impact of Bias Temperature Instabilities on the Performance of Power Electronics Employing SiC MOSFETs

In this work a reliability study of SiC power MOSFETs working as switching elements in a DC-DC Boost converter circuit is discussed. A critical parameter for a high-performance operation is the stable characteristics of the transistors employed. However, charge trapping effects such as bias temperature instabilities can affect e.g. the threshold voltage of transistors and thus lead to a variation in circuit behavior and efficiency. Furthermore, a time-dependent drift of the threshold voltage (ΔVth) of the MOSFET over time can cause an increase of the on-resistance (RDS(ON)) too, and thus affect the static on-state power losses accordingly (PON). In this work, we use our physical reliability simulator Comphy to extract the threshold voltage drift of the transistor over time for various mission profiles for gate biases under device operation. Using the extracted ΔVth values from the simulator, we can reproduce the measured behavior of the DC-DC boost converter circuit. With the calibrated toolset, we can obtain the ΔVth values over a long operation time to predict the aged behavior of the circuit parameters employing Spice simulations, which could be beneficial for circuit design and lifetime prediction of the system.

A Self-Powered Dual-Stage Boost Converter Circuit for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems

Miniaturised piezoelectric devices are emerging energy harvesting sources that are appropriate for various implantable and wearable applications. However, these piezoelectric devices exhibit considerable internal resistance due to their internal impedance, which leads to self-start and low-energy conversion failures. This paper describes a dual-stage boost converter circuit by facilitating self-powering features and boosting the low voltage harvested by the piezoelectric devices into dc. The proposed circuit comprises conversion stages of ac-dc and dc-dc in Stages I and II, respectively. In addition, the proposed circuit does not require employing the auxiliary circuits to generate the train pulses by triggering the bidirectional switches to envelop the current being stored in Stage II and kick-start the self-powered circuit for piezoelectric energy harvesting systems. Theoretical assumptions and control strategies were tested and verified with ideal and impedance input sources. The proposed circuit could convert a low voltage of 3 Vac into 19 Vdc. The maximum attained output power by the proposed circuit was 3.61 mW. The outcome depicted that the proposed circuit boosted the low voltage and outperformed the existing literature circuits in terms of output voltage and power.

A Comparison of the Response and Voltage Regulation Performance of the Single-Channel DC/DC Boost Converter Circuit with Artificial Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and PID Controllers

A Comparison of the Response and Voltage Regulation Performance of the Single-Channel DC/DC Boost Converter Circuit with Artificial Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and PID Controllers

Fuzzy Logic Control Design and Implementation with DC-DC Boost Converter

Being an electrical switch, this converter transforms an uncontrolled input DC voltage into a regulated one to get a desired output voltage. The MOSFET works in the circuit boost-converter as an electronic switch that closes and opens several times. The current passing through the inductor determines the modes operation of the boost-converter circuit. We proposed the new fuzzy control circuit (maximum power point (MPP) circuit using Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) algorithm) was designed after replacing the DC source with a photovoltaic (PV) array and the duty cycle (constant) with the FLC and keeping the circuit components same except for the Pulses Width Modulation (PWM) of frequency 3800 Hz. In the full circuit, they controlled the MPP of the PV array through a boost converter and FLC., the relationship between the power and voltage of the PV array was drawn to access the MPP at fixed constant solar irradiance and temperature. The value of the solar irradiance altered during the day from low (in the morning) to high (with a peak at the noon) before being reduced to very low at the sunset. The proves that the FLC algorithm works efficiently to make the power of the PV cell always at the maximum value (MPP). The stability of the PV cell voltage and its current change also proves that it operates according to the specifications of the P-V and I-V characteristics of the PV cell referred to earlier the output voltage was increased because we used a step-up converter (boost converter with FLC). The achievement system is showed to be efficient and robust in improving solar charging and rectifying capacity.

Prototipe Turbin Angin Savonius Pada Kecepatan Angin Skala Kecil Untuk Pengisian Baterai

The Vertical Axis Wind Turbines are very suitable for use in areas with very low wind speeds. This research makes a prototype of the Savonius wind turbine to produce electrical energy as an energy source to 2 x 3.7 Volt dry battery. The Savonius turbine has four blades made of PVC. The controller circuit consists of a Boost Converter circuit and an astable multivibrator. At a speed of 2.7 m/s, the wind turbine starts to rotate and produces a no-load voltage of 0.3 V. At a speed of 3.7 m/s a voltage of 2 V is generated and can charge the battery. By using an LED (Light Emitting Diode) in the controller circuit, the charged battery can be a source of voltage in the controller circuit and the LED indicator light can be lit.

Perancangan Charge Controller Untuk Pengisian Baterai Pada Sel Surya

Good battery performance, will support the device used. The energy that a battery can store is limited, so the battery will experience charge and discharge cycles. The process of charging and discharging improperly can cause battery performance to decrease. Therefore, battery management is needed so that battery performance can reach the maximum. One aspect of battery management is monitoring the state of charge which is the ratio of the capacitance of available energy to the maximum energy capacity.In this research, a charge controller device is made whose function is to regulate the charging voltage from the solar panel to the battery so that overcharging and overvoltage do not occur and also regulate the use of the voltage from the load battery, so as not to exceed the minimum limit of battery capacity usageThe system consists of a Solar Panel, Arduino Uno R3 Microcontroller, 16x2 LCD, Relay Circuit, Buck Boost Converter Circuit, Voltage Sensor and Battery. When charging the battery reaches a voltage level of 14 volts, the relay circuit is disconnected indicating the battery is full, when the battery voltage drops to 11 volts, the relay is connected again and the battery is recharged again.

Power quality improvement of grid integrated distributed energy resource inverter

A photovoltaic (PV) inverter has been termed here as distributed energy resources (DERs) inverter. This paper is presenting a simulation model of grid integrated three-phase PV inverter with controller circuits for analysis of its power quality improvements. A proportional integral (PI) controller has been developed here to generate sine pulse width modulation (SPWM) signals for controlled switching of the inverter and dc-dc boost converter circuits. To get maximum PV power output from PV source, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm has been formulated and applied on the dc-dc booster circuit. The test results of grid integrated PV inverter outputs with proposed controller circuits are having total harmonic distortion (THD) of only 0.06% in voltage and 0.30% in current. The result analysis of the proposed simulated model can be used in future implementation of DERs-based grid connected inverter hardware models that will operate with better efficiency and power quality.

Power quality improvement of grid integrated distributed energy resource inverter

A photovoltaic (PV) inverter has been termed here as distributed energy resources (DERs) inverter. This paper is presenting a simulation model of grid integrated three-phase PV inverter with controller circuits for analysis of its power quality improvements. A proportional integral (PI) controller has been developed here to generate sine pulse width modulation (SPWM) signals for controlled switching of the inverter and dc-dc boost converter circuits. To get maximum PV power output from PV source, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm has been formulated and applied on the dc-dc booster circuit. The test results of grid integrated PV inverter outputs with proposed controller circuits are having total harmonic distortion (THD) of only 0.06% in voltage and 0.30% in current. The result analysis of the proposed simulated model can be used in future implementation of DERs-based grid connected inverter hardware models that will operate with better efficiency and power quality.

Adaptive Event-Triggered SMC for Stochastic Switching Systems With Semi-Markov Process and Application to Boost Converter Circuit Model

In this article, the sliding mode control (SMC) design is studied for a class of stochastic switching systems subject to semi-Markov process via an adaptive event-triggered mechanism. Network-induced communication constraints, semi-Markov switching parameters, and uncertain parameters are considered in a unified framework for the SMC design. Due to the constraint of measuring transducers, the system states always appear with unmeasurable characteristic. Compared with the traditional event-triggered mechanism, the adaptive event-triggered mechanism can effectively reduce the number of triggering than the static event-triggered mechanism. During the data transmission of network communication systems, network-induced delays are characterized from the event trigger to the zero-order holder. The aim of this work is to design an appropriate SMC law based on an adaptive event-triggered communication scheme such that the resulting closed-loop system could realize stochastic stability and reduce communication burden. By introducing the stochastic semi-Markov Lyapunov functional, sojourn-time-dependent sufficient conditions are established for stochastic stability. Then, a suitable SMC law is designed such that the system state can be driven onto the specified sliding surface in a finite-time region. Finally, the simulation study on boost converter circuit model (BCCM) illustrates the effectiveness of the theoretical findings.

Optimization of PV Power Capacity of 10 KWp Capacity Based on P&O Algorithm and Boost Converter

Using solar panels as a power plant can reduce the dependence of fuel oil. To work always on maximum power points (MPP), Photovoltaic (PV) requires optimization method. Therefore, the authors are interested in discussing the optimization method of the PV array model using Maximum Power Point Traking (MPPT) with the Perturbation & Observation (P & O) Algorithm and Boost Converter. In this case, PV capacity will be simulated on 10 kWp. That PV consists of 4 strings, which is each strings consist of 10 PV modules. The output of PV modules will be forwarded to the Boost Converter circuit. Boost Converter want is controlled by P&O Algorithm. The voltage and current generated from the PV array modeling will be used by the P&O Algorithm as a reference. The function of P&O Algorithm is to track the Maximum Power Point (MPP) of the PV model. The result of tracking power by P&O Algorithm will be forwarded to Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) circuit as a duty cycle generator. Duty cycle signal will be forwarded to the switching tool contained in the converter circuit. By that control system, PV model expected has maximum power according to the voltage. Based on the results of power test by 1000 W/m2 radiation, maximum power obtained is equal to 9967 Wp with 99.6 % efficiency at a voltage level of 400 volt. Therefore,it can be concluded that the design of the PV Array System using P&O Algorithm and the Boost Converter can work well.

Development of an expression for the output voltage ripple of the DC-DC boost converter circuits by using particle swarm optimization algorithm

In this study, a mathematical expression is derived to calculate the ripple value of the output voltage of 2-phase interleaved cascaded boost converter (ICBC) circuits. In this context, the total number of 432 data of ICBC circuit including four parameters (switching frequency, duty ratio, coupling coefficient and the output voltage ripple) are acquired using Ansys-Electronics software. The expression of the output voltage ripple enclosing ICBC circuit parameters related to optimization variables is developed. Afterwards, the coefficients of the expression are acquired by using an algorithm called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). While the mean absolute error (MAE) of 420 data is obtained as 1.5055, the MAE of 12 test data not used in the optimization process is found to be 1.4608. These results show that, the output voltage ripple of ICBC can be easily calculated closing their actual values with the proposed basic mathematical expression instead of long-term and complex simulations. In addition, the accuracy of the developed mathematical expression is verified with the co-simulation of Maxwell 3D and Twin Builder interfaces within the Ansys-Electronics software.

Design of a discrete PID controller based on identification data for a simscape buck boost converter model

<span>This work shows the design and tuning procedure of a discrete PID controller for regulating buck boost converter circuits. The buck boost converter model is implemented using Simscape Matlab library without having to derive a complex mathematical model. A new tuning process of digital PID controllers based on identification data has been proposed. Simulation results are introduced to examine the potentials of the designed controller in power electronic applications and validate the capability and stability of the controller under supply and load perturbations. Despite controller linearity, the new approach has proved to be successful even with highly nonlinear systems. The proposed controller has succeeded in rejecting all the disturbances effectively and maintaining a constant output voltage from the regulator.</span>

Optimization of enhancement mode P-type Mg-doped In0.2Ga0.8N cap gate DH-HEMT for low-loss high power efficient boost converter circuits

In this paper, Al0.23Ga0.77N/GaN/Al0.05Ga0.95N Double Heterostructure-High Electron Mobility Transistor targeting a low loss and high power efficient boost converter circuit was simulated using a thin P+In0.2Ga0.8N cap under the gate. The charge balancing concept of the polarization induced field of the device was due to the Mg-doped P+In0.2Ga0.8N which shows normally-off characteristics. The high positive threshold voltage VT shift achieved with the device was correlated with the obtained dynamic RON of the device. This dynamic RON was characterized 19μs immediately after the device was turned-on and goes up to a maximum of 550 V. Furthermore, this Al0.23Ga0.77N/GaN/Al0.05Ga0.95N demonstrates low dynamic RON of ~6% with increment of efficiency of up to 40% when measured in the booster converter circuit. For power switching applications, the result of this P+In0.2Ga0.8N cap having a back-barrier/buffer of AlGaN achieved a dynamic RON performance with excellent breakdown Voltage VBR.OFF and much lower OFF-state gate/drain leakage as compared to the conventional GaN buffer structures.

The Analysis of Energy Transition Processes in Boost Converter

Introduction. This article presents the analysis of energy transition processes in boost converter under the conditions of load changing. The boost converter laboratory layout is investigated with forms of the transient process caused by load changing. The transient currents and voltages are measured in harmonic and anharmonic modes. The parameters of boost converter transient modes are estimated. The analysis of energy transition processes is performed using two boost converter models. Problem statement. The boost converter circuits are used in the areas of electronics where the minimization of energy losses is strictly required. The boost converter energy losses depend on the form of transient processes caused by load changing. The purpose of energy losses minimization requires exact analysis of energy transition processes which appear under load changing. The presented work describes the responses of boost converter circuit to changing the load twice with four different transient modes. Results. The analysis of energy transition processes is performed with two models. The first model is based on the iterative mapping technique, where the currents and voltages of each period of gate driving signal are determined from the circuit parameters and initial conditions given by the previous period of driving signal. Such model allows to perform an exact analysis of current and voltage ripple transient processes. But the iterative mapping model is characterized by numerical approximation errors and requires more computation time. The second model describes the envelopes of boost converter current and voltage transient processes analytically. This model is based on the state-space averaging method which is widely used for modelling of switching circuits. Such model does not take into account the waveforms of current and voltage ripples, but it provides a more simple description of transient process envelopes which are useful for the circuit design purposes. The modeling results obtained from iterative mapping and state space averaging, match with the experimental data. Conclusions. The performed analysis shows that the energy losses depend on the transient process mode significantly. During the load transient process time, the smallest energy losses can be obtained under the critical load transient process form which is situated between periodic and aperiodic modes. Such result is obtained experimentally and confirmed by the both iterative mapping and state-space averaging models. The analytical results are confirmed by optimization procedure in MATLAB environment.

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERLEAVED BOOST CONVERTER AS A POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN ONE PHASE ROTARY WITH INDUCTIVE AND RESISTIVE LOADS

The unidirectional voltage source is obtained through an uncontrolled 220 Volt single phase full wave rectifier circuit. Installation of large amount capacitors as a filter affect input waveform. Due to the harmonics distort sinusoidal input voltage from the PLN grid. The difference in voltage waveforms and input currents that occur can affect the value of the resulting factor. Based on this problem, a study was made on theimprovement of power factors using a series of Interleaved Boost Converter which functioned as a series of Power Factor Correction (PFC) and voltage regulators with a setting method using Fuzzy logic. This Interleaved Boost Converter circuit is made to work in the condition of the Discontinues Conduction Mode (DCM) so that any load that is supplied to the circuit will make the system resistive. So, it is expected that thevoltage and input current waveforms will produce a factor value close to the unity value. The results of this study are the Interleaved Boost Converter series that can be used as a Power Factor Correction circuit and also as a voltage regulator. It improves power factor from 0.9 to 0.93.

Hybrid controller topology for large solar PV installations in high-voltage DC grid-connected applications

In this work, a new topology is proposed to integrate large solar photovoltaic installations to high-voltage DC grid, which is efficient, economical and flexible in its operation. The proposed system consists of a PV array-fed DC–DC boost converter, grid-connected DC–DC boost converter circuits and hybrid controller. The hybrid controller proposed here consists of the random search method (RSM)-based MPPT controller along with the RSM-based two-loop average current controller, and the MPPT controller helps in harnessing the maximum power at varying weather conditions, whereas the voltage controller helps in reducing the distortion in output voltage. RSM method is chosen here for the design of controllers, as it has simple computational steps, is derivative-free, guarantees global convergence and requires less memory. The performance of the proposed system is studied in the continuous conduction mode. The performance of the chosen MPPT controller is compared with the incremental conductance technique to validate the performance of the proposed system. The proposed topology along with hybrid controller used here extracts the maximum power operating point and can achieve stable DC output according to grid requirement. Matlab/Simulink environment is chosen for simulation of the proposed topology.