Travel Books Research Articles

민속품과 미술품 사이에서 : 뮌헨 오대륙박물관과 노르베르트 베버의 1926년 기증품

Museum Five Continents in Munich originates from the royal ethnographic collection of non-European World established by the Wittelsbachs, the ruling house of Bavaria. The appointment of the 3rd Director Lucian Scherman in 1907 marked a turning point for the Museum of Ethnology, which is named Museum Five Continents since 2014. This caused an explosive increase in the number of collections, visitors and acclaimed exhibitions. In the expansion of its Korean collection, a gift in the spring of 1926 made by Norbert Weber, archabbot of the Missionary Benedictines in St. Ottilien, who visited Korea a second time and purchased Korean artifacts in 1925, played such a crucial role. Weber became a special adviser with his expert knowledge and experiences of Korean culture for Scherman, who evaluated his travel book, Im Lande der Morgenstille (in the Land of Morning Calm) published the first edition in 1915, as one of the most important standard works for Korea. The stereoscope pictures, which were founded at the archive of Museum Five Continents in the Summer of 2021, based on Weber’s Korean photos. They might have vividly conveyed the Korean people in ordinary clothing, everyday life, and religion, before the eyes of German visitors to the Munich Museum using a modern visual technique. The correspondence between Scherman and Weber suggests that their relationship did not remain as a personal acquaintance but also enriched the exhibitions of the Munich Ethnological Museum.<BR> Furthermore, in the early 20th century when Scherman started in his role as museum director, avant-garde artists such as Blauer Reiter (Blue Rider) began to find their artistic inspiration at the ethnological museums. As art historian Wilhelm von Bode’s Plan and the Berliner Museumskrieg (Berlin Museum War) illustrated, there was a tendency to separate the artworks from the ethnographic collections. However, Scherman, who understood one specific culture as an organic synthesis of folklore articles, arts and crafts and artworks in that region, stayed away from the rearrangement of museum exhibits in Berlin. In addition, he insisted that the role of the Museum of Ethnology in Munich was to promote the aesthetic taste of the public and guide the artists and craftsmen. Consequently, by resisting to divide high culture and the primitives Scherman deviated from the colonial ideology permeated in many ethnological museums in Germany. In this respect, the ethnographica Weber purchased his second trip to Korea and donated to the Museum, were primarily ceramics, such as celadon, responses Scherman’s ideal, collecting not only daily necessities, also the unique artworks which are able to show Korean culture in the reopening of the Museum of Ethnology in the Maximilian street. Notwithstanding, the lack of detailed explanations of the Korean collections or then contemporary criticism of Weber’s donation apparently demonstrates the German’s indifferences towards Korea. Such a phenomenon was caused by the late opening of Korea to foreign countries, in comparison with other eastern Asian neighbours, the absence of valuable antique art under the censorship of the Japanese government in Seoul, and the short stay of German art historians and researchers in Korea. It is hoped that Weber’s collection, which is still silent in the dark storage in Museum Five Continents, discovers a way out as it presents a harmonious combination of ethnology and art under Scherman’s tradition.

„Przed nami przepaść, za nami otchłań krateru niezgłębiona”. Motyw wulkanu w prozie Teodora Tripplina

The article introduces the volcano theme present in the prose of Theodor Tripplin, author of immensely popular adventure and travel books in the 19th century. Geology, of which disciplinary framework began to emerge at the turn of the 19th century, was a subject discussed not only at university debates, but also in private lounges, especially since one of the biggest natural disasters caused by volcanic eruption occurred at that time. Therefore, geological and volcanic themes appeared in Tripplin’s works; the writer used them mainly as an element of landscape descriptions, explaining the processes which formed the landscape or the climate of the region. Volcanoes, on the other hand, appeared in his novel Nowa podróż na około Ziemi [A New Journey Around the Earth], where climbing to their summit or the consequences of their eruption were part of the local colour and allowed the reader to feel the exoticism of the distant lands visited by the protagonist of the book. The end of the article mentions Tripplin’s use of the metaphor often also chosen by other authors of the Romanticism period: volcano as a symbol of vehemence, a demonstration of nature’s power which is impossible for a man to subdue.

The Use of Mobile Applications for Travel Booking: Impacts of Application Quality and Brand Trust

The increasing use of mobile applications by travellers and the high adaption of tourism companies into this new contact and sales platform, made it necessary to comprehensively investigate the mobile application users’ behaviours. This research combines the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to develop a theoretical background in examining travel booking behaviour of mobile application users. The conceptual model suggests that mobile application quality (MAQ) directly affects perceived ease of use (PEOU) and perceived usefulness (PU) which influence the intention to use (IU) mobile applications. Moreover, the offline brand trust (BT) has been hypothesised as a moderator between PEOU and PU's impacts on IU mobile applications. Analyses results indicated that system and service quality dimensions of MAQ significantly affect IU mobile application via PEOU and PU. Moreover, offline BT had both direct and moderator influences on the formation of IU mobile application. The study findings contributed to the theory in understanding mobile application users’ behaviours and suggested valuable managerial strategies in the m-commerce context.

D. H. Lawrence’s Travel Writing: Concept of Nudity and Sexuality with a Difference

In that he spent most of his life outside Britain, D. H. Lawrence often seems the least British of the British Modernists. His interest in and willingness to be influenced by Italy, Sicily, the American Southwest, Mexico and Australia can be easily explored in his travel books. Whereas his novels are too didactic in nature, his philosophies get naturally matured as he travels and they are expressed very succinctly in his travel writing. In various parts of his four travel books, namely Twilight in Italy (1916), Sea and Sardinia (1921), Morning in Mexico (1927), Sketches of Etruscan Places (1932) Lawrence depicts the difference between nudity and nakedness and how they influence him. The other contrast here is between art and life, with the nude standing for art and nakedness for life with the section on Florence and the art there. The essay focuses on how Lawrence views art differently when actually experiencing these works himself during his travels. I show different phases in his response to nudity/nakedness as shown in his four travel books and what accounts for these changes. The thesis is the examination of Lawrence’s belief that the touch of amateurism and primitivism can inject new freshness into our lives and can salvage them from the clutches of habit, and the mechanized civilisation. Nudity and sexuality as part of primitive modes of life can balance and heal what Freud termed the discontents of civilisation. Situated on the thin line between nudity and sexuality, D.H. Lawrence’s travel writing recounts man’s true relationship with the cosmos. And finally, the paper shows some misunderstanding on the part of the second wave feminists on his representation of masculinity in nakedness.

Sustainable Recovery: Post-Pandemic Transitioning

The world’s recovery from the pandemic is still fragile. Progress has been made in global vaccinations with 7.3 billion doses administrated by early November (51% of the world’s population having received at least one dose of vaccine). However, there is a huge disparity between countries such as the UAE, which is leading with more than 98% of its population vaccinated, compared to some African countries with less than 2% coverage. We are also seeing the emergence of a fifth wave of COVID-19 cases in the Northern Hemisphere, possibly because of the loosening of protection requirements. On the positive side, people’s mobility patterns have nearly recovered for land transportation. The International Air Transport Association, which monitors airline activity, noted a surge in travel bookings for the second half of 2022. This is a welcome relief for the airline industry, which has seen its worst crisis in more than 60 years, and recovery could be occurring before the anticipated time frame of 2025. The ability to travel safely is a critical requirement for SPE’s larger in-person events. The 2021 Annual Technology Conference and Exhibition (ATCE) held in Dubai a few weeks ago was excellent. ATCE sessions remain available on demand, so please check some very engaging discussions/presentations. We held a handful of hybrid events in November, including a large ADIPEC in Abu Dhabi and the first SPE Eastern Europe Subsurface Conference in Kyiv, Ukraine. Congratulations to the new Kyiv section that opened last month—great work by the volunteers, the supporting organizations, and the SPE support staff. The number of events will be increasing over the coming months, in particular the in-person part of Offshore Europe in February 2022 (the virtual conference was held in September 2021). We also held the SPE YP Congress in November (congratulations to the Young Member Engagement Committee and the volunteers). The event attracted many YPs and students from around the world to brainstorm via “ideathon” teams about innovative solutions to make the energy industry more sustainable. I was invited to the COP26 in Glasgow last month and had the opportunity to discuss critical aspects of the energy transition. As demonstrated by the IPCC Assessment Report 6, WG1, published in August, there are very concerning trends about the evolution of mean surface temperatures. The COP21 meeting in Paris in 2015 raised the level of ambition for action to safeguard our planet, but the Accord left some undefined clauses such as Article 6, which “aims at promoting integrated, holistic, and balanced approaches that will assist governments in implementing their National Determined Contributions through voluntary international cooperation.” A properly designated cooperation mechanism would establish a policy foundation for a global emission trading system.

From Maritsa to Mostar

Rumor has it that that the Turks crossed the Marmara Sea on rafts. The Ottoman Empire, which set out from Gallipoli and became a state first and then an empire; reached the Balkan and Europe through bridges. Every bridge built over the huge rivers Ottomans crossed slowly became a signature of that region or city. Spectacular stone bridges, which are both art and aesthetic monuments and meet the transportation needs of the army, were built on the rivers from the capital to the last point Empire reached. Many bridges, especially the Mostar Bridge, Mehmed Paša Sokolović Bridge, Stone Bridge in Skopje, Bridge over Maritsa in Edirne, Bridges over the Tunca and the Uzunköprü (Long Bridge), which were built on the great Balkan rivers, symbols of abundance and plenitude, have been the subject of poems, shehrengiz and historical poems of classical poets, and also prose works and travel books. through various dreams and imaginations, these bridges are from time to time places where lovers go out for an evening stroll and meet, and sometimes through similes and metaphors compared to lover’s body, rainbow, Milky way, or the Sirat Bridge. These bridges are so ostentatious and appear as a great kemend that connects two mountains. The stone bridges built on the Balkan rivers from Edirne to Mostar that have poems written about them will be determined and interpreted in our article.

Katrina O’Loughlin. Women, Writing, and Travel in the Eighteenth Century.

Katrina O’Loughlin. <i>Women, Writing, and Travel in the Eighteenth Century</i>.

Book Review

Book Review

Utilization of the library recreational function through the Gasibu Library Bandung

Background of the study: One of the capabilities of the library is to provide pleasant conditions for relaxation that cannot be found at home. This research has the background to find out more about the recreational functions of public libraries through the Gasibu Bandung library which is located around the Gasibu field.&#x0D; Purpose: The purpose of this study is divided into two parts, namely to determine the recreational function of the library as a means of channeling reading hobbies and to find out the Gasibu library as a tourism developer of Bandung city.&#x0D; Method: The technique used in this research is a qualitative research technique with a case study method.&#x0D; Findings: The results of this study indicate that the Gasibu library is an appropriate informative recreation facility to serve as a means of channeling people's reading hobbies and the Gasibu library can add to the tourist attraction of Bandung city because of the uniqueness of the information center in the middle of recreational facilities.&#x0D; Conclusion: In fulfilling the recreational needs of its users, the Gasibu library is carried out by providing books that are suitable for its purpose. Novels and other literary forms, works of art, travel books, biographies, popular magazines, especially other recreational books. The Gasibu library building is also the main attraction because of its location in the middle of recreational facilities.

A Random Stroll Amongst Anthony Trollope's Lawyers

Abstract Anthony Trollope (1815–1882) resides in the pantheon of nineteenth century English literature. While working full time in his postal position until 1867, he still managed to publish 47 novels, travel books, biographies, short stories, collections of essays, and articles on various topics. Trollope has been described as the novelist of the ordinary for his realistic description of English society. Law and legal issues flow through Trollope's fiction. The legal system held a special importance to him as the skeleton upholding the social and political framework of the country. Over one hundred lawyers appear in his work and eleven of his novels feature trials or hearings. The law intrigued and exasperated him. Along with the lawyers and legal issues he depicts are ideas of the law and legal system that are part of elaborate philosophical and jurisprudential traditions, which he recognized. This article examines Trollope's changing attitude toward lawyers. It describes the structure of the Bar in terms of class, status and reputation. Trollope believed the legal system should ensure justice, and those who labored in the law should be the vehicle of that pursuit. Justice for Trollope was the meting out of rewards and punishments as the consequence of a right or wrong decision. However, the law, as he depicted it, was often an impediment to this process, and lawyers were unreliable guides. Initially Trollope portrayed lawyers critically as caricatures as evinced by such names as Alwinde, O’Blather, Slow &amp; Bideawhile, Haphazard, and Chaffanbrass. He was outraged that barristers (lawyers who appear in court) put loyalty to their clients ahead of the search for truth and justice. The adversary system was flawed as the enactment of laws in accord with the laws of nature assumes an inbuilt moral compass in humans that contains self-evident truths of right and wrong. Trollope felt there was no reason why a right-minded person could not intuitively recognize the truth, so criminal law's adversary system was unnecessary. The legal system sought not the discovery of the truth but was more interested in aiding the guilty defendant to escape punishment. As he matured as a writer and achieved success, Trollope's understanding and appreciation of the legal profession changed. He met and become friends with leaders of the Bar, and they influenced his descriptions of lawyers, who became realistic and often admirable human beings. Beyond the legal problems of its characters, Trollope's later novels incorporated the social, political, and jurisprudential issues of the times and engaged the Victorian legal culture in a broader sense of history, traditions, continuity and change. Natural law principles were challenged during the Victorian era by positivist notions that law is what the statute books say. These divisions lurk in the background of his later portraits of lawyers and the legal system. In his later period Trollope created a realistic characterization of the legal profession at the time that offered universal insights into human nature.

CRNOGORSKE PJESME U TOMAZEOVIM PJESMAMA ILIRSKIM MONTENEGRIN POEMS IN TOMMASEO’S ILLYRIAN POEMS

This article discusses the circumstances in which Niccolò Tommaseo, an Italian writer of Dalmatian origin, included three poems from the Montenegrin literary periodical Grlica (1835-1839) in his collection of Italian translations of “Illyrian” folk poetry (Canti illirici, 1842), published in Venice. In this regard, the research pointed to the mediating role of the German romantic poet Heinrich Stieglitz, author of a travel book about Montenegro (Ein Besuch auf Montenegro, 1841). In the autumn of 1839, Stieglitz visited the Montenegrin Metropolitan and poet Peter II Petrović Njegoš in Cetinje, wherefrom he presumably brought copies of this first Montenegrin periodical to Venice. Also discussed is the possible influence that Tommasseo’s activities on collecting South Slavic folk poetry in Dalmatia had on the creation of the anthology of epic poems Serbian Mirror, which Njegoš composed after his first meeting with Tommaseo in January 1844.

Tourism, Mass Culture and Literature: Two Travel Books by Terenci Moix Published in the 1970s

This article analyses two travel books by Terenci Moix (pseudonym of Ramon Moix): Terenci del Nil (1970) and Terenci als U.S.A. (1974). The two books, written once the writer had made each trip, demonstrate the impact of tourism, mass culture and social movements on the imaginary representations of Egypt and the United States, as well as topics like homosexuality and colonialism. These will all be explored, while taking into account Moix’s adoption of a language influenced by the cultural and semiotic studies of the 1960s, which focus on phenomena such as kitsch and new forms of visual communication.

EXAMINATION OF IBN BATUTA TRAVEL BOOK IN ACCORDANCE WITH 7th CLASS SOCIAL STUDIES OUTCOMES

&lt;p&gt;The aim of this research is to examine Ibn Batuta's Travel Book in line with the 7th grade acquisitions in the social studies curriculum. In the research, the 2-volume work of the author was examined by using the document analysis method as a data collection tool; In addition, in the direction of the findings obtained, the category-code and direct quotations were examined in detail with content analysis. In the research, 5 categories and 11 codes related to the 7th grade 10 achievement were created. The category-code and content created in line with the findings obtained in the research are supported by direct quotations and given with page and volume numbers. It has been determined that the most related acquisitions in the research are in the learning fields of Individual and Society, People, Places and Environments, Science, Technology and Society, Production, Distribution and Consumption; the least associated acquisitions are included in the Cultural Heritage and Global Connections learning areas; It has been determined that the acquisitions that are not associated at all are included in the Active Citizenship learning area.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0894/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

The Developing Reception of D.H. Lawrence’s Sketches of Etruscan Places – a Text for Ecocriticism

Ecocriticism is very wide in its scope and this paper will focus on the branch of ecocriticism that analyses imaginative texts and argues that such texts can provide a regenerative and revitalising message for the world. Ecocriticism did not take off as a coherent movement until the 1990s but critics found valuable messages in Sketches of Etruscan Places from the early years following its publication in 1932. This paper will examine the developing reception of the book from the outset with particular reference to its ecological value, not what Lawrence saw as its value purely as another of his travel books.

“Se il partito più caritatevole non sarebbe di ‘chiudere’ l’Africa?” Stereotipi, esotismo e discorso coloniale nel resoconto africano di Emilio Cecchi

ABSTRACT The article aims to analyse Appunti per un periplo dell’Africa (1954), a travel book written by Emilio Cecchi that narrates the writer’s impressions and experiences in some Portuguese African colonies. The text is influenced by fascist propaganda, linked to imperialism, and shows the tendency to present African populations as the object of colonization. We consider the various stereotypes and images that Cecchi uses in the representation of the colonized people of the Portuguese territories in Africa, in particular in discourses focused on race, women, dance and the colonial system. It turns out that Cecchi’s work is fully inserted into the ideological context of the early twentieth century, reaffirming a colonial discourse that supports the primacy of the civilized European over the primitive African and giving into the fascination for the exotic, typical of colonial literature.

D. H. Lawrence’s Etruscan Places. A Modernist Revaluation of Temporality

The article deals with the literary modes of constructing temporality in D. H. Lawrence’s Etruscan Places (1932), a travel book written in 1927 and published posthumously. Typically for the first decades of the twentieth century, the work reflects the writer’s anxieties about war force, scientific discoveries and cultural exhaustion in a series of interrelated essays on the remnants of ancient Etruria and the powerful memory of Etruscan civilization. In this article, Etruscan Places is read like a subjective re-creation of a lost civilization; it is interpreted as the writing of an imaginary philosophy attributed to an ancient people and modelled on Lawrence’s personal engagement with the renewal of life potentialities. Patterning his book on the past-present opposition, the author recuperates the Etruscan past within the mythical framework of modernist coherence. The repeated movements between the lost Etruscan world and the writer’s mostly disappointing contemporary age reveal the possibility of establishing continuities not only on an anthropological plane, but also on a philosophical-aesthetic one. The Etruscans’ narrative of death brings to light an art of living; the historical perspective blends with existential and artistic considerations. Lawrence’s exploratory technique is based on similitudes and antitheses, being literarily rendered by a cross-cultural discourse that combines the factual with the fictional, and the epic with the lyric. The British author’s style puts forward repetition as a modernist rhetorical achievement that indirectly questions the validity of literary tradition. Furthermore, the explicit intertextuality of the book completes the writer’s modernist perspective, authenticating the cultural substance of the temporal links that Lawrence seeks to uncover.

“Everywhere there are distilled spirits”: Alcohol Consumption and Alcoholism on the Chilean Frontier at the Turn of the Twentieth Century

Objective/Context: The incorporation of the Araucania region into Chilean territory, after the end of the military occupation in 1883, led to an increased process of colonization, exploration by traveling scientists, and the settlement of missionaries in the area. In addition, mestizo rural laborers (rotos) and European colonists joined the fronterizos, settlers who were already living on the frontier before the occupation. This article analyses the dynamics and effects of alcohol consumption and alcoholism regarding the perception of mestizo settlers and the indigenous population on the Chilean frontier at the turn of the twentieth century. Methodology: The analysis relies on primary sources, consisting mainly of travel books, reports, and scientific publications written by Chilean and European scientists, politicians, and missionaries, that have not yet been sufficiently studied. Originality: Using the less studied example of alcohol consumption on the Chilean frontier, this work’s contribution consists of demonstrating how the intense processes of occupation and colonization—and, in particular, the perceptions of different actors about indigenous and mestizo settlers—resulted in new forms of stigmatizing the settlers called rotos and the indigenous population, and, consequently, in the consolidation of social hierarchies. Conclusions: While alcohol consumption was acceptable for certain populations, as evidenced by the wine industry’s simultaneous prosperity, it was reprehensible for indigenous people and mestizo settlers. Because of the stigmatized perception of these social groups as drunk, lazy, and poor, especially in the context of intensive colonization that provoked increasing interest in lands occupied mainly by indigenous people and fronterizos, alcoholism can be interpreted as a vehicle for specific dynamics of exclusion. Ancient conceptions of a heroic indigenous culture, in the long run, led missionaries to strive to “protect” these groups from alcoholism, while traders used the images of heroic araucanos to establish extractive economies for national and foreign markets. The analyzed documents reveal that the indigenous population, as well as the rotos, became portrayed as helpless victims in need of moral education by intellectuals and missionaries, which sought to legitimize missionary work. In this sense, perceptions, social practices, and the mobility of knowledge on alcohol consumption proved to be a highly disputed field in the context of colonization and the incorporation of Araucania into the Chilean state.

‘Coi libri o col mondo?’

‘With books or with the world?’&#x0D; Alienation effects without disorientation in Viaggio e maravigliose avventure d’un veneziano by Francesco Contarini&#x0D; This paper investigates the forms and effects of displacement in Viaggio e maravigliose avventure d’un veneziano ch’esce per la prima volta dalle lagune e si reca a Padova e a Milano, published anonymously in Milan in 1818. According to Luigi Catucci, the author is Francesco Contarini, who translated many travel books for the editor Sonzogno between 1816 and 1817: this would explain the noticeable intertextual dialogue between the Viaggio and other travel writings, both fictional and non-fictional. Some allusions to Vasco de Gama’s and James Cook’s geographical explorations reveal the author’s interest in travel as an anthropological experience, while quotations from Swift and De Maistre suggest a familiarity with the literary conventions and the most recent renewal of the European novel. &#x0D; From a theoretical point of view, the essay examines the interaction between travel literature, (anti-)novel, récit excentrique, and parody, in order to show that literary contamination works as an estrangement device. At the same time, this theoretical interpretation is evaluated (from an analytical and interpretative point of view) in relation to the narrative techniques through which Contarini expresses the alienation-effect of the first-person dramatized narrator, prompting a strong sense of disorientation in the reader (but not in the main character).

Three travellers or how to “translate” Holland to Polish readers: An approach to the image of the Netherlands in Polish travel books

Ryszard Kapuściński believed that a journalist was a translator from one culture to another. Therefore, the idea of the paper is to analyse the way contemporary Polish travellers write about the Netherlands. The analysis will focus on the stances adopted by them in relation to the country and the way they determine their perspectives. The authors of the analysed books use keywords as metaphors that permit them to translate complex characteristics of the Dutch. The paper concentrates mainly on three aspects: titles, landscape and mentality.

고보리 엔슈(小堀遠州) 편지에 나타난 와카 분석

While Koborienshu was the greatest architect and interior designer of his time, he was also extremely passionate about Waka. He worshiped the medieval poet, Teika and after learning from one of his descendants, Tameyori, himself wrote Waka, Kyoka, and Haikai, together with other poets with whom he had tea meetings. Koborienshu also recited Waka to mourn a dead friend; imitated 47 classical pieces of Kyoka on a trip to Kyoto; and wrote Haikai and Renku, interacting with cultured men. In addition, in 48 of the 148 letters, he poured out his feelings through Waka, Haikai, and others. The Waka in his letters followed the classical pattern, which represented his attitude of reciting the phrases of classical pieces as they were. Many of the songs were rooted in Kokinshu. It was also characterized by the use of homonyms to investigate the multiplicity of meanings. In his travel books, the overall composition followed the form of Tosanikki, but the written songs were markedly influenced by Isemonogatari. Besides, one can find his deep passion for classical Waka from his act of borrowing Waka phrases on tea ceremony tools and the use of the place name of Utamakura.