Book Form Research Articles

The Colonial Java Town and Beach: Chronotopical Analysis of Augusta de Wit’s Two Travelogue Chapters

When the twentieth century was around the corner, the plurality of residents and newcomers grew in numbers, forming a dynamic and heterogeneous urban society in colonial Java. Augusta de Wit was one of the Dutch authors who wrote about Java during her stay there in her book form travelogue titled Java: Facts and Fancies. Her experience in Java had left an influence on her, which is shown in her fiction works. One of them is the short story Vijandschap that portrays mostly the rural and idyllic life of a coastal community, yet includes the participation of the town (Batavia) as a commercially promising place. This qualitative study aspires to illuminate how the rural beach community reconciled with the town and to confirm what she means by natural beauty by focusing on two chapters “The Town" and “On the Beach.” It is conducted by employing a close reading method and Torop’s chronotopical analysis consisting of topographical, psychological, and metaphysical chronotopes in Augusta de Wit’s perspective while considering the notion of tropicality. This study discovers that there is a relational function of town as a dynamic marketplace to the local folks on the beach and a “space of home” for the Europeans, while the beach as fruitful home to the native beach community and a soothing recreational place to de Wit. Moreover, natural beauty is not confined to nature solely, but includes the locals alongside their character and habits, who are an intrinsic tropical part of Java.

Peran Tokoh Islam dalam Menumbuhkan Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Melalui Praktik Ekonomi di Madura

This study aims to see the role of religious figures through pesantren engaged in the economic sector. As an educational institution, pesantren have penetrated into various scientific fields, both in theory and practice, including in the field of economics. Pesantren led by a kiai in Madura have a very important role to be used as icons for the community in acting and behaving in everyday life. In economic practice, Islamic figures have been massively entrepreneurial to foster business awareness in their respective pesantren. Through this application, the economy in pesantren can grow independently in terms of funding to support the needs of their institutions. This study is a qualitative indicator with a sample approach in the form of library research (library research) collecting information in the form of books, journals, interviews, articles, news available in online media. The findings show that pesantren in Madura through economic activities have a wide reach in providing moderate understandings because Madura itself is a heterogeneous area. So that there is no discrimination against economic actors who are not the same in background as the general public in Madura. the application of moderation through real economic practices exists in Madura, because in terms of values, the key to moderation has been implemented in practice, especially in pesantren led by Islamic figures.

Good People Do Not Eat Others?! Moral Ambiguity in Japanese Fairytales from the Late Nineteenth Century

In 2015, the Japanese public broadcaster NHK aired an educational series that re-examined traditional fairy tales by putting their characters on trial for their immoral behavior, such as revenge, violence, and dishonesty. These tales, rooted in premodern Japanese folklore, were widely available in various book formats by the late nineteenth century and, unlike modern adaptations, they did not sanitize violence or evil. This study analyzes four miniature picture books from the late nineteenth century that recount the story, Kachikachi yama (The Crackling Mountain). This analysis focuses on both verbal and visual representations of good and evil, with attention to themes of loyalty, filial piety, and virtuous revenge. The findings reveal that these picture books presented young readers with complex moral lessons, where the boundaries between good and evil were blurred. Additionally, they illuminate the prevailing image of children during that era, depicting them as “little adults” expected to be educated and prepared for the practical realities of the adult world.

The Dual Role of Women in the Household in Larangan Slampar Village, Tlanakan District, Pamekasan Regency

This research examines the dual roles of women in the household in Larangan Slampar Village, Tlanakan District, Pamekasan Regency. The aim of the study was to determine the causes and impacts of women's dual roles in the household in Larangan Slampar Village, Tlanakan District, Pamekasan Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with primary data 10 women playing multiple roles and 10 men or husbands of wives playing multiple roles, while secondary research data is in the form of books, journals, official websites, and others. Data analysis was carried out through the process of data reduction, data modeling, and drawing conclusions. Checking the validity of the data was carried out by extending observations, observing persistence, and triangulation. The results showed that the factors causing women to play multiple roles were women's personal desires, family support and motivation, fulfillment of household economic needs, forms of self-actualization, geographical and socio-cultural factors, patriarchal perspectives and social construction. The impact of multiple roles is divided into negative impacts, namely the occurrence of role imbalance, physical conditions that tire easily, psychological conditions or feelings of pressure due to role domination, and educational arrangements for children. Meanwhile, the positive impact of the dual role is the assisted family economy, developing women's potential, achieving goals, and being able to channel the knowledge they already have.

The Communication Style of Habib Jafar's Da'wah on TikTok Social Media

This research aims to explore in depth the communication style of Habib Ja'far's preaching on the social media TikTok. Husein Hadar Jafar or more commonly known as Habib Jafar, who is a young preacher, uses the TikTok platform as a means of preaching which is attractive to many young millennials and Gen Z. This researcher used a descriptive qualitative approach, with an audio-visual method of analyzing the content of R. Hosetly's TikTok account @husein jafar. Other sources were obtained using various references in the form of scientific journals, books, and media coverage. The conclusion obtained from this research is that the preaching communication style on TikTok social media uses inductive qualitative. Habib Jafar preaching through the TikTok platform invites the younger generation to re-acquaint themselves with Islam with an assertive communication style.

Data-Driven Techniques and Data Analytics in Water Treatment Facilities: Innovative Safety Protocols and Optimization

Aim: To examine harnessing of data-driven techniques and data analytics in water treatment facilities considering innovative safety protocols and process optimization. Problem Statement: The most significant part of human existence and industrial operations has been linked to water which often becomes vulnerable to hazardous contaminants which are brought on through natural processes and human activity. Significance of Study: The use of water treatment facilities in order to make water a sustainable natural resource for the whole world is vital. To achieve this, it is imperative to monitor and classify water quality. Methodology: Recent literature materials in form of books, journals and relevant published articles in the area of data-driven techniques and data analytics in water treatment facilities were consulted. Discussion: This review article has critically examined harnessing of data-driven and data analytics in water treatment facilities with consideration also given to innovative safety protocols and process optimization. The basic fundamental principle of water treatment facilities were discussed alongside the application of data-driven techniques. Safety protocols in water treatment facilities were discussed. Data driven techniques in water treatment facilities and applications of machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques to water treatment were explained. It was noticed that AI-Driven solutions transforms real-time water quality analysis and offers a proactive approach to water treatment. The integration of machine learning and AI algorithms capabilities in water treatment facilities can now respond quickly to fluctuations and continuously monitor key parameters fluctuations in water quality. Consideration was given to artificial intelligence as data analytics optimization tool for water treatment facilities. Future prospects, limitations and challenges of the study were stated. Conclusion: AI algorithms and historical data can be harnessed into water treatment facilities in order to assess performance patterns, predict equipment malfunctions and proactively plan the maintenance activities.

Diskursus Penafsiran Milkul Yamin di Kalangan Ulama Klasik dan Kontemporer: Teks dan Konteks

The institutionalised ownership of slaves (milkul yamin) is one of the focuses of the Quranic critique of the culture of exploitation and domination in Arabia. The Quran views that it must be eliminated immediately even though it is done gradually, including through expiation in the form of freeing slaves and allowing masters to have sex with their personal slaves as stated in several verses of the Quran. The concept of milkul yamin is interpreted with various views by classical and contemporary scholars, even with interpretations that go beyond previous scholars towards non-marital sexual relations. This research will reveal how classical and contemporary scholars interpret the concept of milkul yamin found in the Quran and hadith both in text and context. This research is a qualitative type of library research with data derived from sources related to the concept of milkul yamin in the form of books, books, articles and various writings in online media then analysed using descriptive methods. The results showed that the majority of classical and contemporary scholars viewed the verses on slavery as Islam's attempt to raise the status of slaves from religious prisoners of war at that time. As well as a way for Islam to gradually abolish the practice of slavery that has been entrenched and rooted in jahiliyyah Arab society. Meanwhile, according to Muhammad Syahrur's reinterpretation, it is more subjective, influenced by modern culture and civilisation, and does not carefully consider the historical meaning of the verse and the main message contained in the verse.

COMICS AS A MEANS OF PRESERVING CLASSICAL LITERATURE IN MODERN PEOPLE’S READING (The case of W. Shakespeare)

The article focuses on adaptations of the tragedy “Hamlet” and the comedy “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” by W. Shakespeare in the form of comic books. The object of study is the peculiarities of comics as a text in demand by the representatives of clip consciousness, which is formed under the influence of the IT. The subject of study is the peculiarities of the source text transformation in comic adaptations of the 20th–21st centuries. The study is based on two adaptations of “Hamlet” and three adaptations of “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” by W. Shakespeare. The tasks of the study were as follows: to determine the connection between the comic book genre and clip consciousness; to highlight the characteristic features of the comics genre; to analyse the reflection of genre features in concrete texts; to describe changes in the source text depending on the nature of the audience. The study showed that the popularity of comics as a genre is inextricably linked with the emergence of clip consciousness. Certain features of the comics genre correlate with those of clip consciousness: fragmentation corresponds to mastering information in small portions, the emphasis on the visual presentation of information is associated with the perception of the world through visual images.

Innovation of Anti-Bullying Education Model in Islamic Boarding Schools: A Systematic Literature Review

This research investigates the development of anti-bullying education models in Islamic boarding schools between 2019 and 2024, with a focus on the effectiveness of prevention and intervention strategies. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which involves article inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as data extraction and synthesis processes from two main databases, namely Google Scholar and ERIC, through the Publish or Perish version 8 application. A total of 146 articles were identified, but after selection process, only 25 articles met the inclusion criteria, while publications in the form of books and seminar proceedings were excluded due to the tendency for peer-review to be less stringent. The research results show that the two main models, namely early prevention and intervention against perpetrators and victims of bullying, have developed significantly. While both models are important, a humanist educational approach to prevention has stronger potential to reduce bullying incidents. In addition, a comprehensive holistic approach was found which includes humanist, sociological, participatory and psychotherapeutic educational aspects through dhikr. These findings provide practical insights for stakeholders to improve anti-bullying curricula and develop intervention strategies that are more sensitive to the cultural and religious context in Islamic boarding schools.

Persentuhan Kiai Lokal Dalam Kontestasi Politik Era Reformasi Di Madura: Tinjauan Sejarah

This study explores the role of local Kiai of Madura in the politics of the reform era, examining their contribution to practical political contestation and its impact on the Muslim-majority Madura community. Kiai, who was respected and had great influence, exercised the role of religious figure and public official. The local Kiai here refers to Kiai who are directly involved in the world of practical politics. The purpose of this study is to analyze the contribution of Kiai in Madura politics and its impact on the policy and application of the teachings of Ahlus Sunnah Wal-Jamaah. This research is a literature review using the historical method with four steps. First heuristic (collection of sources), primary and secondary sources used in the form of books, scientific articles, proceedings, the results of the data on votes obtained from the KPU and the writings that are relevant to this research obtained from the National Library of Indonesia, UIN Jakarta Library, Google Scholar, Sinta and observations in the field. Second, source criticism. Third, interpretation and finally historiography. As an analytical knife, the research uses the hegemonic theory of Gramsci. The findings show that Kiai plays an important role in legal and policy politics, fighting for people's rights and grounding religious teachings. This research provides insight into the integration of religious teachings with public interest in the context of reform.

Landasan Filosofis Integrasi Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Agama

This article aims to examine and formulate a model for integrating religious knowledge with general science, focusing on the ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations. In the context of modern secularism, which has led to the separation of religion and scientific knowledge, this research seeks to restore spiritual values within scientific inquiry and integrate the two disciplines to create knowledge that is not value-free. The research method used by the author is a qualitative approach with a type of library research with data collection methods by conducting documentation studies by examining primary and secondary sources in the form of books and scientific articles. The results of this study concluded that the integration of science is an effort to combine religious science and general science by incorporating religious values into it and looking for similarities between the two. Integration is done to make science not free of moral values and create good human beings who are in accordance with the two functions of human creation, namely as khalifah and good servants of Allah. The philosophical bases of science integration include ontological, epistemological and axiological bases. From the ontological basis, the relationship between the highest reality, namely God, and the lowest reality, namely creatures, has a close and inseparable relationship. Epistemologically, the source of general and religious knowledge comes from one source, namely God, who then provides means or tools of knowledge in the form of reason and the five senses, as a tool for obtaining knowledge and Islamic epistemology recognizes the means of knowledge in the form of intuition to achieve metaphysical-immaterial knowledge, where this method of intuition is in the form of inspiration and revelation. And axiologically, the integration of general science and religious science gives birth to science that is not value-free, so that it can make the development of science consistent with moral values in accordance with religion and the Qur'an, which gives birth to benefits in the world and the hereafter in the form of material, intellectual and spiritual enjoyment in humans who are a unity between body and spirit.

TINDAKAN REPRESIF APARAT PENEGAK HUKUM (KEPOLISIAN) TERHADAP AKSI DEMONSTRASI MASSA DI WILAYAH HUKUM NUSA TENGGARA BARAT

The aim of this research is to find out how repressive the police officers acted towards the masses during the demonstrations and what factors were the obstacles for the police officers in dealing with the masses while the demonstrations were taking place. This research is library research, namely using data in the form of books, laws, articles, journals and other literature related to the title, while the technique and data collection is by collecting various ideas, theories and concepts from various literature which focuses on the process. comparison between propositions, articles or other laws. The approach methods used in this research are the statutory approach, the conceptual approach and the case approach. The results of the research show that the actions of the police towards the masses who were protesting often occurred repressive actions and this happened because the police sometimes had several obstacle factors that could not be handled directly because the demonstrators often went on a rampage and inevitably the law enforcers, especially the The police often spontaneously carry out repressive actions against the masses and exceed the applicable provisions and regulations.

SEJARAH INTELEKTUAL ISLAM: KONTRIBUSI DAN PENGARUH PEMIKIRAN Al-GHAZALI TERHADAP DUNIA ISLAM ABAD KE 11 M

This research discusses al-Ghazali's contribution and thoughts to the Islamic world in the 11th century M. The focus of the study includes al-Ghazali's success in integrating the teachings of Sufism into the mainstream of Islamic thought, reforming Islamic education, and providing criticism of philosophy that enriches Islamic theological discourse. The aim of this research is to explore the contribution and influence of al-Ghazali's thought on the development of the Islamic world, in three main aspects, namely, Islamic spirituality, the Islamic education curriculum, and the development of Islamic philosophy. Researchers use historical research methods which consist of four stages, namely, heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography with a literature review approach by collecting data in the form of books, journals, documents, as well as sources of data and information relevant to the study. This research found that al-Ghazali's main contributions, such as reforms in Islamic theology, criticism of philosophy, and his influence on education and religious thought. In addition, al-Ghazali's intellectual legacy not only enriches Islamic traditions but also offers relevant perspectives in facing contemporary challenges, making his work an important reference in modern Islamic studies today.

The Intention of the Arabic Language Learning Process in the Era of Society 5.0: (Interactive Application Based Analysis)

The era of Revolution 4.0 which has recently been replaced by the era of Society 5.0 which prioritizes society to use technology in all its activities, including in the field of education. Arabic, one of the foreign languages studied in various educational institutions, is also trying to keep up with the times. One form of breakthrough made by educators is to divert and work on Arabic language teaching materials which were previously in the form of books, modules, and audio into interactive teaching materials designed with modern applications today. This case raises new ideas for the advancement of the Arabic language learning process, so that various obstacles experienced so far can be resolved properly. This study aims to identify and explain the challenges that will be faced by Arabic language educators in the era of Society 5.0 based on interactive applications to create videos of the Arabic language learning process. This study was conducted using a descriptive qualitative approach to describe the results of the study at MTs Negeri 1 Bener Meriah. The results of this study are that educators must have special skills to maximize the use of technology in the teaching and learning process, so that more material is created that is understood by students. Can operate video editing applications such as Kine Master, Plotagon, PowerPoint, and other applications

Law Enforcement in Medical Malpractice Cases in The Protection of Doctors’ Rights: Case Study Tonsil Surgery Causing Brainstem Death in a Child Patient

This study aims to determine the regulations related to the protection of the professional rights of a doctor who is often suspected of committing medical malpractice in carrying out health services. In this study, the author analyzes the rules of malpractice based on positive law in Indonesia, then the author analyzes the liability carried out by the doctor’s profession in suspected malpractice in this study the author takes a case study related to tonsil surgery which caused BA’s child patient to experience brain death at the Kartika Husada, Bekasi Hospital. The method used by the author in this research uses normative or dogmatic research methods, which use documents laws, and regulations related to the issues studied and secondary data sources in the form of books and related journals. The results of the research in this case study conclude that there is no single rule that protects the rights of a doctor who is accused of committing malpractice, neglecting these rules only protects the interests of the patient, then the responsibility for the accusation of malpractice must go through the process of proof first, by the provisions of the elements of malpractice both in terms of criminal and civil law, and based on the case study that has been researched by the author, it is concluded that the efforts in dispute resolution made by the family of BA’s child patient who has died, are appropriate with the family by withdrawing the police report and carrying out peaceful efforts in the form of mediation with the hospital.

Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Penegakan Hukum dan Mempertahankan Keseimbangan Kekuasaan dalam Sistem Pemerintahan Indonesia

This research aims to evaluate the role of the Constitutional Court (MK) in maintaining constitutional supremacy, democracy and balance of power in the Indonesian constitutional system. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data was collected from primary sources in the form of statutory regulations, such as the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law Number 24 of 2003 concerning the Constitutional Court, as well as secondary sources in the form of books, legal journals and legal scientific articles. The research results show that the Constitutional Court has an important role in maintaining legal stability, maintaining the balance of power between state institutions, and upholding democratic principles and constitutional supremacy in Indonesia. Through its authority to carry out judicial reviews of laws and government policies, the Constitutional Court functions as the front guard in enforcing the law and maintaining the balance of power between the executive, legislative and judiciary. However, the role of the Constitutional Court often sparks debate regarding the limits of judicial intervention in public policy, showing the complexity in maintaining the balance of power. Therefore, this research contributes to understanding the role and challenges faced by the Constitutional Court in the context of the Indonesian constitutional system.

Proses dan Pelaksanaan Rasulullah Shallallahu `alaihi Wa Sallam dalam Melakukan Kepemimpinan

Rasulullah SAW was sent at a time when pre-Islamic Arab society (jahiliyah) was in a very worrying condition, with various forms of moral, social and political damage. Rasulullah SAW came to bring Islamic teachings which changed the entire structure of social life, eliminated injustice, and upheld justice and equality in society. This article will comprehensively review the concept of leadership in Islam, as well as provide information on the leadership role of the Prophet Muhammad. The research conducted was qualitative research. The data collection technique uses the library research method, namely by observing various literature related to the problems in the research, in the form of papers, books, notes and reports of previous research results. The results of this research are that in his leadership, the Prophet Muhammad demonstrated various principles and methods that are very relevant and applicable today. He practices an inclusive leadership style, filled with wisdom, justice and compassion. As a leader, he not only managed worldly affairs but also instilled deep spiritual values ​​in his followers. This makes his leadership a model that is worth studying and implementing in various modern leadership contexts

Analysis of the Causes of the Decline in Water Production Bid on Fresh Water Generator in Ship MV. Lumoso Karunia II

This study aims to analyze the causes of the decline in fresh water production on the Fresh Water Generator on the MV. Lumoso Karunia II. Researchers conducted this research for 12 months and 5 days conducted on the MV. Lumoso Karunia II which is a type of Bulk Carrier ship which is a ship owned by PT Lumoso Pratama Line Company. This research method uses quantitative methods. Researchers use secondary data in the form of library books, journals and documents related to this research, while primary data in this study is in the form of direct field studies. Data collection techniques in this study are library research, direct and indirect observation and interviews. The results of this study indicate that the performance of the fresh water generator auxiliary aircraft is less than optimal so that what is produced does not match the amount of capacity due to lack of maximum maintenance. With the thickness of scale attached to the evaporator pipe of 1.85 mm, it causes blockage of the evaporator pipe. Thus, there is a decrease in intake in the evaporator. So, the decrease in intake in the evaporator resulted in a decrease in fresh water production of 16 m3 tons in the fresh water generator. As a result of the decrease in fresh water production in the fresh water generator at MV. Lumoso Karunia II is a shortage of fresh water in accommodation and disruption of the cooling process in machinery.

PELAKSANAAN PEMILIHAN PRESIDEN YANG SESUAI DENGAN PRINSIP KEDAULATAN RAKYAT DALAM SISTEM DEMOKRASI DI INDONESIA

This research was submitted to answer two fundamental questions regarding the implementation of people's sovereignty in the direct election of the President and Vice President in Indonesia, namely, what is the ideal ideal of the implementation of the presidential election in accordance with the principle of people's sovereignty in the democratic system in Indonesia. This research is normative. This research is a library research conducted by examining library materials in the form of books, journals, research reports and/or secondary data that discuss the implementation of general elections in Indonesia in relation to people's sovereignty. Application of laws and regulations (legal facts) that regulate the implementation of elections in Indonesia. From this research, the author concludes that in a democracy, people's rights should be respected and upheld. There is no justification for government decisions that can harm people's rights, let alone policies that aim to oppress the people for the sake of the ruler. In this case, by adhering to the basic philosophy of democracy guided by the wisdom of deliberation and representation, the holding of general elections as a means of implementing people's sovereignty in Indonesia must not deviate from the ideals and objectives of the formation of a Government of the State of Indonesia to protect all Indonesian people and all of Indonesia's territory, advance public welfare, improve the life of the nation, and participate in implementing world order based on independence, eternal peace and social justice as mandated by the constitution.

ТЕАТР ӨНӨРҮНДӨГҮ КӨРКӨМ ОКУУНУ ОКУТУУНУН АЙРЫМ МАСЕЛЕЛЕРИ

The article discusses some issues of teaching art education in the theatrical arts. I must say that there is very little research on the great values of the Kyrgyz people, including theatrical art. Generally speaking, we all know that our culture ‒ these are literature, theater, cinema, fine arts, folk art, etc.B. It should be recognized that there are very few works published in the form of special books, except for articles published on the pages of periodicals devoted specifically to this theatrical art. Today, art reading education is in demand not only in the theatrical sphere, but also in various spheres of society, in the field of culture and television. Thus, it is safe to say that by improving the teaching of art education in higher and secondary educational institutions, we will contribute to the moral education of the younger generation, improving aesthetic taste. Creating conditions for solving such research tasks, making efforts, and carrying out scientific activities is a requirement of time.