Division Of Bone Research Articles

In Memoriam: William H. Daughaday, MD (1918–2013)

Dr William H. Daughaday, the 51st President of The Endocrine Society, died at age 95 on May 3, 2013. His contributions to endocrinology and to the Society were wide-ranging and numerous, not the least of which was the large cohort of physicians attracted to fundamental and clinical endocrine research by his enthusiasm, energy, and overwhelming intellectual curiosity. Bill Daughaday grew up in greater Chicagoland and attended Harvard College. There he was captain of the wrestling team and was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa. After graduation from Harvard Medical School in 1943, where he was selected for the Alpha Omega Alpha honor society, he served in the Army as a medical officer for 20 months during the latter part of World War II and then returned stateside to continue his clinical and scientific training, initially with Robert H. Williams at Boston City Hospital. In 1947, he moved to Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis as an Assistant Resident in Medicine at Barnes Hospital. He joined the laboratory of Carl and Gerty Cori in 1949 as a Research Fellow and began to investigate the metabolic actions of GH on isolated rat diaphragm. Despite the failure of these studies to explain the (even then) well-known anti-insulin effects of GH, this apparently unpromising exploratory project set into motion a life-long interest in all things GH (1). In 1951, Bill Daughaday formed his own research laboratory and became head of a new Metabolism Division in the Department of Medicine at Washington University (he was acting head in 1950), which he continued to lead for the next 34 years. Under his guidance, the Metabolism Division developed into one of the premier endocrinology units in the country, known for high-level research productivity and superb scientific training, as evidenced by the dozens of former fellows who have occupied leadership positions in academic medicine throughout the world. This drive for excellence was amplified by combined clinical and research activities with the Division of Bone and Mineral Metabolism at neighboring Jewish Hospital of St Louis and with the Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism at St Louis Children’s Hospital. The environment nurtured by Bill guaranteed that trainees

Thoracoscopic maneuvers for chest wall resection and reconstruction

The aim of this report is to describe technical maneuvers used to complete minimally invasive resections of the chest wall successfully. Case videos of advanced thoracoscopic chest wall resections performed at a comprehensive cancer center were reviewed, as were published reports. These were analyzed for similarities and also categorized to summarize alternative approaches. Limited chest wall resections en bloc with lobectomy can be accomplished with port placement similar to that used for typical thoracoscopic anatomic resections, particularly when the utility incision is close to the region of excision. Generally, chest wall resection precedes lobectomy. Ribs can be transected with Gigli saws, endoscopic shears, or high-speed drills. Division of bone and overlying soft tissue can be planned precisely using thoracoscopic guidance. Isolated primary chest wall masses may require different port position and selective reconstruction using synthetic materials. Patch anchoring can be accomplished by devices that facilitate laparoscopic port site fascial closure. Thoracoscopic chest wall resections have been accomplished safely using tools and maneuvers summarized here. Further outcomes research is necessary to identify the benefits of thoracoscopic chest wall resection over an open approach.

Distraction osteogenesis in craniofacial surgery: a review.

Distraction osteogenesis is a technique of new bone formation by the gradual separation of bony fragments. The method, although initially developed for limb lengthening, is now being applied in the treatment of craniofacial deformities. A number of principles have been established through careful scientific study to guide clinical practice, such as the ideal rate and rhythm of distraction, the need for periosteal preservation during bone division, a "latent period" of neutral fixation before, and a "consolidation period" after distraction. The technique is being applied in craniofacial surgery particularly for mandibular deformities and offers considerable advantages over previous methods such as osteotomy and inlay bone grafting. Donor site morbidity is avoided, the investing soft tissue envelope is concurrently expanded, and the magnitude of the procedure is less. However, the technique is still in its infancy and requires further modification and refinement before widespread acceptance as a treatment in mainstream craniofacial surgery. Problems with cutaneous scarring and socially undesirable external hardware, particularly in the pediatric population, have led to the emergence of intraoral miniature devices, with the ultimate goal of development of a multiplanar internal autodistractor. Furthermore, many principles well established in leg lengthening, such as the rate and rhythm of distraction, need to be reexamined and the parameters redefined with particular reference to the craniofacial skeleton. Distraction osteogenesis has an expanding role in craniofacial surgery.

Afghan percutaneous osteotomy.

An alternate technique to corticotomy for osteotomies to be used with external fixation is described. Percutaneous subperiosteal dissection is followed by passage of a Gigli saw and bone division. In contrast to corticotomy, the endosteum is divided, but the surrounding soft tissue envelope is less disrupted. In > 50 percutaneous Afghan osteotomies of the distal femur or proximal tibia, prompt healing has occurred in all cases, with no neurovascular complications. Two patients who had previously undergone corticotomy reported less pain after Afghan osteotomy. The technique is not applicable to the mid-femur because of the proximity of the profunda femoral artery.

Calcium-Regulating Hormones

Symposium1 December 1980Calcium-Regulating HormonesBOY FRAME, M.D., SUDHAKER D. RAO, M.B.B.S.BOY FRAME, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, SUDHAKER D. RAO, M.B.B.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-6-928 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDespite a life span of several decades, the field of bone and mineral metabolism is still in its embryonic stage. Although understanding of diseases affecting parathyroid glands and the skeleton has greatly improved, many questions are still unanswered. This was the overall impression at the VII International Conference on Calcium-Regulating Hormones, recently held in Estes Park, Colorado.Recent advances in molecular biology and genetic bioengineering have paved the way for better understanding of intracellular events in hormone secretion. Until recently it has been difficult to obtain intact human parathyroid hormones (PTH) either for laboratory use or for clinical trials. Synthetic...Symposim Papers1. KRONENBERGRICHPOTTS HAJ. The structure and function of parathyroid hormone genes. Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Boston, Massachusetts. Google Scholar2. ARNAUDNISSENSONTEITELBAUM CRA. Parathyroid hormone receptors. University of California at San Francisco and Veterans Administration Medical Center; San Francisco, California. Google Scholar3. NISSENSONABBOTTTEITELBAUMARNAUD RSAC. Relationship between biologically active and immunoreactive PTH levels in hyperparathyroid man. Department of Medicine, University of California, and Veterans Administration Medical Center; San Francisco, California. Google Scholar4. MARTINHRUSKASLATOPOLSKY KKE. Peripheral metabolism of parathyroid hormone: activation or inactivation. Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, Missouri. Google Scholar5. BROWN E. Regulation of parathyroid hormone release in dispersed parathyroid cells. Peter Bent Brigham Hospital; Boston, Massachusetts. Google Scholar6. STEWARTBROADUS AA. Humoral hypercalcemias of malignancy. Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, Connecticut. Google Scholar7. BOURNEBRICKMANFARFEL HAZ. Molecular basis of pseudohypoparathyroidism. University of California; San Francisco, California. Google Scholar8. LEVINEAURBACHSPIEGEL MGA. Clinical and basic studies in pseudohypoparathyroidism. National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases; Bethesda, Maryland. Google Scholar9. MARXATTIESPIEGEL SMA. Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia. Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Arthritis, Metabolism, and Digestive Diseases; Bethesda, Maryland. Google Scholar10. MUNDYYONEDAORR GTF. Monocyte Chemotaxis and interaction with lymphocytes in bone resorption. University of Texas Health Science Center; San Antonio, Texas. Google Scholar11. KAHNMALONETEITELBAUM AJS. Mononuclear phagocytes as bone resorbing cells. Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis, Missouri. Google Scholar12. MARTINPARTRIDGE TN. Initial events in activation of bone cells by parathyroid hormone, prostaglandins and calcitonin. University of Melbourne; Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia. Google Scholar13. HEERSCHENGJEZ JBD. Regulation of hormone responsiveness of bone in vitro by glucocorticoids, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and prostaglandins. University of Toronto; Toronto, Canada. Google Scholar14. CANFIELD R. Diphosphonates in treatment of diseases with increased bone resorption. Columbia University; New York, New York. Google Scholar15. PARSONSPODBESEK JR. Parathyroid hormone in treatment of osteoporosis. National Institute For Medical Research; London, England. Google Scholar16. DEFTOS J. Effects of age and sex on calcitonin secretion. University of California and San Diego Veterans Administration Medical Center; La Jolla, California. Google Scholar17. ZANZITHOMPSONCOHN IKS. A two year study of the effects of calcitonin on skeletal mass in osteoporosis. Medical Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton, New York, New York. Google Scholar18. DREZNERLYLESHARRELSON MKJ. Vitamin D—resistant osteomalacias: evaluation of vitamin D metabolisms and response to therapy. Duke University Medical Center; Durham, North Carolina. Google Scholar19. SHIKESTURTRIDGEHARRISON MWJ. Osteopenia associated with hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria induced by total parenteral nutrition: the role of vitamin D. Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Toronto; Toronto, Canada. Google Scholar20. KLEINHORSTNORMANAMENTCOBURN GRAMJ. Reduced plasma 1,25 (OH)2—vitamin D levels during long-term total parenteral nutrition: a possible cause of metabolic bone disease. University of California Riverside and National Animal Disease Center; Los Angeles, California. Google Scholar21. HODSMANWONGSHERRARD AED. Use of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in dialysis osteomalacia: preliminary results. Veterans Administration Wadsworth Hospital; Los Angeles, California. Google Scholar22. SCHOLZPURNELL DD. Prospective study: asymptomatic and uncomplicated primary hyperparathyroidism. Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation; Rochester, Minnesota. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Bone and Mineral Metabolism Henry Ford Hospital Detroit, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByRenale Osteopathie: Pathogenese und Möglichkeiten der TherapieCorrection: "Symposium" Article on Calcium-Regulating HormonesGORDON L. KLEIN, M.D., RONALD L. HORST, PH.D., ANTHONY W. NORMAN, PH.D., MARVIN E. AMENT, M.D., JACK W. COBURN, M.D.The influence of infusion rate on the acute intravenous toxicity of phytic acid, a calcium-binding agent 1 December 1980Volume 93, Issue 6Page: 928-930KeywordsBioengineeringBone and mineral metabolismClinical trialsHormonesMolecular biologyParathyroidParathyroid hormoneResearch laboratoriesSkeleton Issue Published: 1 December 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...

Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Complications

LouisV.Avioli, MD, Professor of Medicine, Director, Division of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Washington University School of Medicine, Jewish Hospital of St Louis: ThisGrand Roundsarticle on the treatment of diabetic complications is a bit unusual, as there is no case presentation. There is no internist who does not have in his practice a diabetic patient who is blind, one with an amputated leg, or another suffering from severe neuropathy or end-stage renal disease. Therefore, we all have our own case histories. While this article is entitled Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Complications, it might just as well be called What Do You Do After the Internist Fails, which, unfortunately, is the rule rather than the exception. Dr Levin will evaluate the current status of the medical approach to diabetic complications. Dr Boniuk will explore the treatment of diabetic retinopathy with photocoagulation and the use of vitrectomy, and

On the Treatment of Genu Valgum without Division of Bone

On the Treatment of Genu Valgum without Division of Bone