Body Scrub Research Articles

Skin Revitalizing Red Dragon Fruit Peel Body Scrub: The Impact of Stearic Acid Variations and Comparison with Commercial Product

The red dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus lemairei (Hook.) Britton & Rose) is rich in antioxidants like vitamins C, E, and A, along with alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, which protect against free radical damage. Despite its benefits, the peel is underused. This study compares the formulation and physical quality of a body scrub made from red dragon fruit peel extract to commercial products. Stearic acid was added to enhance consistency and stability, and commercial products served as benchmarks due to their compliance with physical, microbiological, and chemical standards. Formulations with stearic acid at 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 15% (F3) were tested for physical quality—organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, and spreadability—over 63 days as an intermediate time points, at controlled room temperature. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 20 with a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). Results showed that all formulations maintained a consistent pH of 6 and homogeneity. The adhesion properties were consistent across all formulas, showing no significant difference (p = 0.815; p > 0.05). In contrast, the spreadability exhibited a statistically significant difference between formulas (p = 0.001; p < 0.05). Stability tests revealed no significant differences in physical quality over time, indicating that the formulations remained stable. The body scrub formulated with red dragon fruit peel extract demonstrated stability and quality comparable to commercially available product. This ensures that the active ingredients in the body scrub remain potent, enabling them to effectively deliver their antioxidant properties to the skin.

Microbeads in exfoliating products: occurrence, abundance, and potential for water contamination in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Microbeads in exfoliating products are a significant source of microplastics entering aquatic ecosystems. This study characterized microbeads in popular facial scrub and body scrub products from Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, to quantify abundances and estimate emissions. A selection of facial scrub and body scrub cleansers were collected from local markets and analyzed to quantify microbead properties including the size, color, mass, and abundance of microbeads in the exfoliating cleansers. Results revealed a wide range of microbead sizes (66–1012 μm) and different shapes and colors within and between products. Most contained heterogenous particles of white, green, blue, red, brown, and black spherical microbeads. The range of microbead abundance was 236–942 particles per gram of product. Annual microbead emissions from the use of these products in Ho Chi Minh City were estimated based on population and usage data. The total annual emission of microbeads from facial and body scrubs in Ho Chi Minh City amounted to 1.3 billion microbeads. On a per capita basis, this equaled 880 microbeads per person annually discharged into the local water environment. According to the study, a preliminary calculation indicated that approximately 2640 microbeads were released per year per female student in Ho Chi Minh City. By providing an initial ssessment of microbead pollution arising specifically from personal care items in Vietnam, this study raises awareness of microplastics introduction into Asian coastal zones via cosmetic products. The baseline data establishes a foundation for further investigations. This represents an important step in quantifying and addressing an emerging microplastic source in the region.

Pengaruh Variasi Trietanolamin terhadap Evaluasi secara Fisik Sediaan Krim Body Scrub dari Serbuk Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn)

Body scrub is a type of cosmetic preparation that has seen increased use, particularly with the incorporation of natural ingredients as its base. Belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn.) is a traditional medicinal plant known for its high content of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, and formic acid, all of which contribute to its significant antioxidant activity. This makes it a promising candidate for development into a cosmetic product for skin care. This study involved the formulation of body scrub preparations using A. bilimbi powder, with variations in triethanolamine (TEA) as an emulsifying and alkalizing agent to optimize the resulting product formula, which was then tested physically. The A. bilimbi fruit was processed into simplicia, which was subsequently ground and formulated into three different body scrub formulas. These three formulas were subjected to organoleptic tests, homogeneity tests, and pH tests to assess the impact of varying TEA concentrations. The results indicate that TEA influences the texture and pH values of the body scrub preparations. However, the distribution of the preparations based on the homogeneity test results showed no significant differences among the three formulas. The study identified Formula II, with a 3% TEA concentration, as the most optimal formula, meeting SNI standards for pH and demonstrating the best organoleptic properties among the three formulas.

Formulation of Skin Moisturizing Body Scrub with Kedondong Leaf Extract (Spondias dulcis)

Background: Body scrub is a skincare preparation that effectively removes dead skin cells caused by free radicals. Kedondong leaves are a plant with extraordinary wealth, especially its vitamins, namely A, B1, and C, and have a high antioxidant content, so they can be used as a natural moisturizer for the skin. Objective: This research aims to formulate a body scrub containing Kedondong leaf extract. Method: Kedondong leaf extract was formulated with a concentration of 10.0; 15.0; and 20.0%. Evaluation of the body scrub formulation includes organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, irritation and moisture using a skin analysis tool. Results: Research shows that the body scrub formulation with Kedondong leaf extract is homogeneous and has a shape, colour and pH value corresponding to skin pH standards. This formulation also does not irritate and provides adequate moisture for the skin. The formulation with a concentration of 20% (F4) shows the best effectiveness, being able to moisturize the skin up to 47.8%. Conclusion: Kedondong leaves can be formulated into an effective body scrub to improve the condition of dull skin to make it brighter, cleaner and smoother.

The Optimization of Cream Body Scrub with Black Rice Extract and Aloe Vera Extract

Black sticky rice has a fairly high antioxidant. Black Sticky Rice Contains Vitamin B1, magnesium, iron and protein. It is can help maintain skin health and make skin look brighter. Aloe vera extract contains saponins contained in aloe vera gel can clean dirt from the skin. In addition, aloe vera also contains vitamin E which can potentially moisturize the skin. This study aims to designing formulas body scrub with herb black sticky rice and aloe vera extract and observe physical characteristics and physical stability for 3 months. Physical characteristic evalusion includes homogeneity test, organoleptis test, pH test, dispersion test and viscosity test. The stability test was carried out for 3 months of storage at room temperature and 40°C. The results showed that body scrub cream with black sticky rice and aloe vera extract on F2 was the most optimal formula and stable during storage of 90 days or 3 months.

Formulation and Evaluation of Poly Herbal Body Scrub

The research aimed to produce an Polyherbal body scrub. These days, the demand for skin care products and treatments has increased to a larger extend.Having a proper appearance and a beauty standard has gotten a lot of importance. A typical skin care routine consists of a cleanser, a serum, a moisturizer and a sunscreen.Among these, it has been seen that the serums are the new go to when it comes to building an excellent skin routine. Serums come in various types of formulation be it for oily, dry or anything in between type of skin. Facial wrinkles and skin aging are undesirable outcome of photo damage and ultraviolet (UV) rays. Currently no effective strategies are available to delay skin aging process. Aloe Vera, glycerin and honeybee venom face serum is a highly concentrated cosmetic product. When using aloe Vera we get not only a quick cosmetic effects but also psychological satisfactions, serum has a property of rapid absorption and ability to penetrate into deeper layer of the skin. In the present work we have formulated the poly herbal body scrub by using Orange peel powder, SCI powder, SLS powder, Honey, Glycerine, Bees wax, Aloe vera. These formulations are safe to use for skin and found to be satisfied with all required characterizations. The scrub was evaluated by using the parameters like Appearance, Viscosity, pH, Spreadibility, Washability, Grittiness, Foamability, Moisture content, Consistancytest and Irritation.

Combination of Coffee Grounds (Coffea) and Lime Peel Extract (Citrus Aurantifolia) in Making Body Scrub

Coffee grounds and lime peel extract can be used as raw materials for making environmentally friendly Body Scrub. This research aims to determine the effect of coffee grounds and lime peel extract and the effect of their use on the finished Body Scrub. A combination of coffee grounds and lime peel extract is used in variations of 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, and 40 g, for coffee grounds, while for lime peel extract the variations are 2 g, 2.5 g, 3 g, 3.5 g, and 4 g. Tests carried out include organoleptic tests, pH tests, homogeneity tests, microbial contamination tests, irritation tests, and existing humidity tests on volunteers. The research results that the body scrub preparation met the evaluation of the physical preparation of the Body Scrub preparation, namely coffee aroma, brown color and semi-solid texture, pH ranged from 5.2-5.9, homogeneous, didn’t irritate the skin, and could increase moisture in the skin.

Formulasi dan Stabilitas Mutu Fisik Sediaan Lulur Serbuk dari Ampas Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica) Gayo, Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomea batatas L) dan Rimpang Jahe (Zingiber officinale)

Scrub is a traditional cosmetic preparation that has been prescribed for generations and is used to remove dead skin cells, dirt, and open pores so that air exchange is free and the skin becomes brighter and whiter. Previous research reported that Gayo Arabica coffee grounds discarded as waste contain antibacterial and antioxidant compounds. Purple sweet potatoes are reported to contain natural antioxidants because they contain anthocyanins and beta-carotene, apart from that, ginger rhizomes are reported to be able to inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause body odor on human skin. Therefore, these three ingredients have the potential to be used as ingredients for making natural powder scrubs. This research aimed to determine the effect of the proportion of Gayo Arabica coffee grounds, purple sweet potato, and ginger rhizome on the finished product of powdered scrub preparations as seen from the stability of their physical quality. The research method used was experimental in the laboratory with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The powder scrub formulation is made in 3 formulas (F1, F2, and F3) by varying the ratio of the amount of Gayo Arabica coffee grounds, purple sweet potato, and ginger rhizome respectively, namely F1 (1:3:1), F2 (2:2: 1) and F3 (3:1:1). The weight of each formula is 100 g. The physical quality stability test of the powder scrub preparation was carried out on the 1st, 7th, and 14th days including organoleptics, water content, homogeneity, pH, drying time, and adhesion. The test results showed that during 2 weeks of storage, the body scrub preparations that were made had met the requirements for good physical quality. In the organoleptic test, the color, shape, and odor of the preparation did not change, the preparation was homogeneous, the pH was stable at 6.2, and the water content was stable at below 10% where the F3 formula showed the lowest water content. The results of the drying time test meet the requirements, namely a minimum of 15 minutes and the adhesion test meets the requirements, namely greater than 1 second.

Clean, but not green: Emission assessment, forecast modelling and policy solutions for plastic microbeads from personal care products in India

Intentionally added plastic microbeads in personal care products (PCP) are an underestimated source of microplastics. These microbeads are added as fillers, to increase product volume or aesthetics and allegedly have the purpose of cleansing and exfoliation. To assess and forecast microbead emissions in India, this study analysed 45 items from four different categories of personal care products: face wash, face scrub, shower gel and body scrub available in the Indian market and determined microbead abundance, size, colour, shape and polymer composition. Also, an emission estimation and time-series-based forecast for 2030 was done using ARIMA (0,2,0) for individual categories and overall. The results indicate that 45.00 % of the products contained irregular or smooth microplastics, with Polyethylene being the dominant polymer, followed by Polypropylene, Polystyrene, Polyurethane and Polycaprolactone. A significant number of products (23.33%) contained cellulose microbeads, with ambiguity regarding their biodegradability. The identified microbeads were mainly irregular in shape and granular in texture, especially scrubs. White/transparent colour dominated the identified microbeads, followed by blue, pink, yellow, red and green. Approximately 1.34% of the total product contained plastic microbeads, with 5.04% and 0.04% being the highest and lowest percentages quantified. The average size of microbeads was found to be 640.74 μm, 452.45 μm, 556.66 μm and 606.30 μm in different categories. The overall annual emission estimation was 3.51 × 1019(highest), 2.14 × 1018(lowest) and 1.37 × 1019(average) in 2021 and forecasted to be 4.12 × 1019(highest), 2.52 × 1018(lowest) and 1.61 × 1019(average)in 2030. This exorbitantly high value is due to India's significant population, globalisation, inefficient wastewater efficiency, growing economy and disposable income. A lack of policies and adequate regulations further add to this. This study emphasises and recommends the development of stringent policies and other well-tailored mitigation measures for intentionally added microbeads in PCP in India. The study recommends some policy measures to curb this threat.

Kandungan vitamin C dan antioksidan lulur bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.)

Healthy skin is one of thing that related to beauty. Healthy skin can be treated by using body scrub. Body scrub can be made by using natural ingredients. Vitamin C is one of the natural ingredients that is often used as a body scrub ingredient and a natural antioxidant. A potential plant as body scrub ingredient is butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) because butterfly pea has a high enough of vitamin C. This study aimed to find out the content of vitamin C and antioxidants in butterfly pea powder and butterfly pea body scrub, also find out the perception of respondents towards butterfly pea body scrub. The research design used to test vitamin C content and antioxidant inside body scrub was a completely randomized design with 6 variations of body scrub and 3 repetitions. Also carry out the organoleptic test, and hedonic test. Results of the research was analyzed by using ANOVA statistical tests and continued with Duncan test. The results of the analysis are displayed in tables. Butterfly pea powder has vitamin C content of 1.41 mg/100g and IC50 of 118.25 ppm which is medium grade. Vitamin C content in butterfly pea body scrub are consistent with the value of butterfly pea body scrub antioxidant activity with the highest grade found in the body scrub with 75% rice powder and 25% butterfly pea powder, while the lowest in the body scrub with 95% and 5% butterfly pea powder . The most preferred scrub is scrub with 75% rice powder and 25% butterfly pea powder.

Persona-Based Segmentation: Customer Data Mapping as the Foundation of Corporate Marketing Strategy (Case Study on Scarlett Whitening)

This research aims to analyze customer segmentation in energy resource companies using the K-Means Clustering method. In the era of increasingly fierce business competition, a deep understanding of customer preferences and behavior is crucial for companies to design effective marketing strategies. Customer data, including purchase frequency, customer service field, company type and geographic location, were collected and analyzed using the K-Means Clustering algorithm. The analysis results showed the formation of homogeneous customer groups, allowing the company to identify the distinctive characteristics of each group. Five main groups were formed from the processed customer data using SPSS. The first group consists of scarlett's facial wash lovers who are dominated by women with an average age of 31 years, earning an average income of Rp15 million per month who live outside Jakarta and work as private employees. This group recognizes the majority of scarlett products from Tiktok. The second group consists of scarlett serum lovers who are dominated by women with an average age of 32 years, earning an average income of IDR 23 million per month who live in South Jakarta and work as private employees. This group also recognizes the majority of scarlett products from Tiktok. The third group consists of scarlett's shower scrub lovers who are dominated by single women with an average age of 31 years, earning an average income of IDR 10 million per month who live in South Jakarta and work other than private employees. This group recognizes scarlett products mostly from Instagram. The fourth group consists of scarlett's body lotion lovers who are dominated by women with an average age of 32 years, earning an average income of IDR 19 million per month who live outside Jakarta and work as private employees. This group recognizes the majority of scarlett products from Instagram. The fifth group consists of scarlett's body scrub lovers who are dominated by women with an average age of 28 years, with an average income of IDR 6.5 million per month who live in South Jakarta and work as entrepreneurs. This group recognizes the majority of scarlett products from Tiktok. The implementation of marketing strategies based on the results of this analysis shows that Scarlett needs to use cluster 2 as its target segment in order to continue to increase its revenue. Because by choosing this cluster, Scarlett will find it easier to design its marketing strategy, namely by increasing social media strategies by involving creative content and collaboration on the Tiktok platform, offering promotions and special offers for customers who buy Serum. Scarlett could present a special bundle offer for the product or provide points that can be redeemed for further discounts or free products after reaching a certain amount and since cluster 2 is predominantly in the South Jakarta area, focus the marketing campaign in that area. Scarlett's value proposition lies in the use of brand ambassadors, digital marketing, product quality and brand trust. Thus, this study concludes that customer segmentation analysis using K-Means Clustering brings strategic benefits to scarlett sellers. A deeper understanding of customers enables sellers to improve the relevance of marketing strategies, achieve better customer satisfaction, and remain responsive to changes in the business environment.

Pembuatan Produk Olahan Berbahan Kulit Buah Manggis kepada Kelompok Tani Permata Harapan Kampung Manggis Kecamatan Pauh Kota Padang

Kampung Manggis is a mangosteen producing area in Pauh, Padang city. When a large number of mangosteens are produced, but not all of them are sold by the mangosteen farmers, the remaining mangosteens will rot over time. The remaining mangosteen, which cannot be sold can be developed into various useful health products. The mangosteen peel contains various beneficial chemical ingredients, one of which is alpha mangostin. Based on various research results, it is stated that alpha mangostin has antioxidant activity. The community service which was held on June 23 2023 in Kampung Manggis as a service partner was the Permata Harapan farmer group. This community service is carried out by teaching how to make products from mangosteen peel processed into facial mask and body scrub products. From the processing of mangosteen peel, two products are produced which are made together with the community, namely a mangosteen skin facial mask and body scrub. Mangosteen farmers from the Permata Harapan farmer group can optimize the productivity of all the mangosteens harvested and no more mangosteens will become waste.

Conversion of PET Bottle Waste into a Terephthalic Acid-Based Metal-Organic Framework for Removing Plastic Nanoparticles from Water

Micro- and nanoparticles of plastic waste are considered emerging pollutants with significant environmental and health impacts at high concentrations or prolonged exposure time. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a known metal-organic framework (MOF) using terephthalic acid (TPA) recovered from the hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle waste. This approach adds value to the existing large amounts of bottle waste in the environment. Fully characterized zinc-TPA MOF (MOF-5) was used for the extraction and removal of engineered polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) nanoparticles from water with a high efficiency of 97% and 95%, respectively. Kinetic and isotherm models for the adsorption of polymer nanoparticles (PNPs) on the MOF surface were investigated to understand the mechanism. The Qmax for PVC and PMMA NPs were recorded as 56.65 mg/g and 33.32 mg/g, respectively. MOF-5 was characterized before and after adsorption of PNPs on the surface of MOF-5 using a range of techniques. After adsorption, the MOF-5 was successfully regenerated and reused for the adsorption and removal of PNPs, showing consistent results for five adsorption cycles with a removal rate of 83–85%. MOF-5 was characterized before and after adsorption of PNPs on the surface using a range of techniques. The MOF-5 with PNPs on the surface was successfully regenerated and reused for the adsorption and removal of polymer nanoparticles, showing consistent results for five extraction cycles. As a proof of concept, MOF-5 was also used to remove plastic particles from commercially available body scrub gel solutions. Such methods and materials are needed to mitigate the health hazards caused by emerging micro- and nanoplastic pollutants in the environment.

Promotion Analysis of Mooika Beauty Body Scrub Products Through Tiktokshop

This study aims to analyze the promotion of Mooika Beauty's Body Scrub through TikTokshop, employing a qualitative research method. Data collection involved observation and documentation focused on the @moikabeautyofficial TikTokshop account. Utilizing 17 TikTokshop features, the study found optimal utilization in 15 features, with story and highlight features being underutilized. The application of the 7Ps marketing mix revealed comprehensive communication strategies. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of effective promotional practices on TikTokshop and provides insights for marketers seeking to enhance their product promotion strategies in the digital era. Highlights : TikTokshop Utilization: Examines the optimal use of TikTokshop features for promoting Mooika Beauty's Body Scrub, shedding light on effective digital marketing strategies. Qualitative Analysis: Utilizes a qualitative research method to analyze the promotional tactics employed on TikTokshop, providing in-depth insights into the dynamics of online product promotion. 7Ps Marketing Mix: Investigates the application of the 7Ps marketing mix, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach in communication strategies for successful product promotion. Keywords: TikTokshop, Mooika Beauty, Body Scrub, Digital Marketing, Promotional Strategies

Demand Forecasting Analysis of Body Scrub Product at PT. XYZ Using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Method

PT. XYZ is one of the private companies engaged in the cosmetics industry, especially as a manufacturer of SPA products with natural raw materials. The SPA products produced by PT. XYZ are various kinds of scrubs, body scrubs, masks, essential oils, soaps and other products. Body scrub is the most popular product or best seller in this company. The purpose of this study is to find the best ARIMA model in calculating demand forecasting of body scrub products at PT. XYZ for the period January to December 2024. The method used in this research is the Autoregressive Moving Average (ARIMA) method. There are two ARIMA models that can be used in this study, namely ARIMA (1,1,0) and ARIMA (0,1,1). The selected ARIMA model used to calculate body scrub forecasting at PT. XYZ is the ARIMA (1,1,0) model because it has a smaller error value, namely MSE = 745.46 and MAPE = 7.40%. The results of forecasting the demand for body scrub products at PT. XYZ for the period January to December 2024 using the ARIMA (1,1,0) model show that demand has increased every month with an average demand of 343.4 kg. The error obtained by comparing the forecasting results with the actual sales data for 6 months, namely January - June 2024 is 2.45%, which means that the accuracy of forecasting in 6 months reaches 97.55%.

A Trade-off between Overstock and Stockouts of a Perishable Raw Material with Uncertain Demands in a Cosmetics Industry

An inventory system is a crucial aspect of any business that deals with physical goods or products. It refers to the processes, software, and strategies put in place to track and manage the company’s inventory efficiently. In a fluctuating demand situation, the importance of an inventory system becomes even more pronounced. Managing inventory effectively becomes challenging when demand is unpredictable, and having a robust inventory system can make a significant difference. A cosmetics manufacturer produces four types of body scrubs from the same type of rice groats under fluctuating product demand conditions and limited raw material shelf life, resulting in high inventory costs due to unoptimized raw material purchasing. A probabilistic inventory system was proposed based on the newsvendor model, where demands were assumed to be normal distributed. Our computation showed that the optimal rice procurement was 2,235.69 kg/month resulting a service level of 90 percent. The proposed inventory policy was able to increase the expected monthly profit from Rp 11.3 million to Rp 14.2 million, equivalent to a 25 percent increase. Results and insights for future research were discussed.

Pengaruh Harga Produk, Kualitas Produk, Gaya Hidup Terhadap Minat Beli Ulang (Body Scrub Scarlett Di Aplikasi Shopee)

The economic, cultural, and technological developments impact lifestyles, particularly in the fashion and beauty sectors, leading to significant changes in Indonesia's beauty product market. This study aims to identify factors influencing the repurchase intention of Generation Z consumers for Scarlett body scrub products on the Shopee application. The population and sample selection targeted Generation Z consumers in Semarang, with an unknown number, within the age criteria of 17–30 years. The researcher applied criteria within the Generation Z category with an age range of 13–33 years, as specified. The sample size taken was Sample = (number of indicators x 8) = 14 x 8 = 112 due to the unknown population size. The research method used was quantitative, applying multiple linear regression analysis to test hypotheses. The results of statistical analysis indicate that the product price, product quality, and lifestyle variables have a positive and significant impact on repurchase intention. This study provides valuable insights for companies in designing effective beauty product marketing strategies, focusing on price and understanding consumer lifestyles. The conclusions drawn from this research can serve as a basis for formulating better marketing strategies to enhance consumer repurchase intention in the Indonesian beauty industry. Keywords: product price; product quality; lifestyle; repurchase intention.

Introduction and Training on Cosmetics with Natural Ingredients as an Effort to Enhance the Creativity of Al Azhar Students

As a form of improving the quality of Indonesian education and also graduating Islamic-based high school students, Al Azhar High School has a mission, namely one of them is for Al Azhar High School students to become religious beings and also have abilities and skills that can be applied directly to society. Steps that can be taken are to provide skills to be able to make innovative products made from natural ingredients, one of which is a body scrub made from coffee grounds typical of Lampung Province. Cosmetic product innovation was chosen because today both at the national and world level the development of the use of cosmetics is increasing, of course this is a great opportunity to start entrepreneurship. In addition, the use of coffee grounds also supports the main results of Lampung plantations which have an area of coffee plantations of around 156,458 ha in 2020, in order to produce secondary products that have higher economic value. The purpose of community service is to provide introduction, education, and train Al Azhar Bandarlampung High School students to make coffee-based cosmetic products, namely Becoffee Body Scrub. The specific target is to make students become pioneers in increasing MSMEs in the field of cosmetics specifically in exploiting the Natural Potential of Sumatra, especially in Lampung province, into cosmetic products.

Kelayakan Body Scrub Kopi dan Beras untuk Kecerahan Kulit

The skin describes one of the organs that has an important role, therefore it is always good to treat and maintain healthy skin. Types of skin care activities according to each person's skin type. Body scrub is a body treatment using scrubs, there are several types of body scrubs such as coffee and rice. The type of research being conducted was a quantitative descriptive study which aimed to find out how to make a coffee and rice body scrub for skin lightening. This study was used to test the content of Vitamin B1 contained in coffee and rice body scrubs and to determine the quality of the texture, aroma, stickiness, and level of preference of the panelists. Based on the results of research that has been done about the feasibility of coffee and rice body scrubs, they are suitable for body care for skin brightness.

Optimisation of seed oil and powder of Momordica charantia in the formulation of body scrub cream

Background: Momordica charantia seed oil and powder are potential ingredients for a body scrub. The seeds contain fatty acids to moisturise the skin, and the mineral content to remove dead skin cells and nourish the skin. Objective: To determine the optimal efficiency of Momordica charantia seed oil and powder on body scrub cream produce. Methods: The body scrub used W/O (water-in-Oil) cream base. Simplex Lattice Design was used to determine five formulas. The irritation test with the Draize Skin Test method was carried out on rats (n = three, in each formula), and the Primary Dermal Irritation Index (PDII) was calculated. Informed consent from the female participants has been obtained for the hedonic test. Results: The body scrub cream produced appropriate organoleptic, was not irritating, and was stable after centrifugation and cycling test. The optimum formula contained five grams of oil and one gram of powder with a pH of 5.21; viscosity of 205.33 dPa.s; spreading of 6.12cm; adhesion time of 19.86 seconds; rate of washing of 20.60 seconds; a colour value of 4.04; scent value of 2.90; and texture value of 2.98. Conclusion: The optimised body scrub cream yielded a good formula which can be developed as a body scrub preparation.